1. Isolation of anti-Saprolegnia lignans from Magnolia officinalis and SAR evaluation of honokiol/magnolol analogs.
- Author
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Hu Y, Shen Y, Tu X, Wu X, Wang GX, and Ling F
- Subjects
- Antiparasitic Agents chemistry, Antiparasitic Agents isolation & purification, Biphenyl Compounds chemistry, Biphenyl Compounds isolation & purification, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Lignans chemistry, Lignans isolation & purification, Molecular Structure, Parasitic Sensitivity Tests, Plant Extracts chemistry, Plant Extracts isolation & purification, Structure-Activity Relationship, Antiparasitic Agents pharmacology, Biphenyl Compounds pharmacology, Lignans pharmacology, Magnolia chemistry, Plant Extracts pharmacology, Saprolegnia drug effects
- Abstract
To control the fish fungal pathogen Saprolegnia, the effects of the petroleum ether extracts of Magnolia officinalis were evaluated by a rapeseed (Brassicanapus) microplate method in vitro. By loading on an open silica gel column and eluting with petroleum ether-ethyl acetate-methanol, honokiol (C
18 H18 O2 ) and magnolol (C18 H18 O2 ) were isolated from Magnolia officinalis. Saprolegnia parasitica growth was inhibited significantly when honokiol concentration was >8.0 mg/L, and magnolol concentration was >9.0 mg/L, with EC50 values of 4.38 and 4.92 mg/L, respectively. Six honokiol and magnolol derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their anti-Saprolegnia activity. According to the results, double bond and hydroxyl played an important role in inhibiting Saprolegnia. Mechanistically, through the scanning electron microscope observation, honokiol and magnolol could cause the Saprolegnia parasitica mycelium tegumental damage including intensive wrinkles and nodular structures. Moreover, compared to traditional drugs kresoxim-methyl (LC50 = 0.66 mg/L) and azoxystrobin (LC50 = 2.71 mg/L), honokiol and magnolol showed a lower detrimental effect on zebrafish, with the LC50 values of 6.00 and 7.28 mg/L at 48 h, respectively. Overall, honokiol and magnolol were promising lead compounds for the development of commercial drugs anti-Saprolegnia., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2019
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