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This paper investigates the seismic behavior of a seismic-damaged double-deck viaduct frame pier (DVFP) strengthened with CFRP and enveloped steel, four strengthened DVFP specimens with different degrees of initial damage were tested under quasi-static cyclic loading. Based on the test results, the hysteretic behavior, the stiffness and strength degradation, crack propagation, and failure mechanism were firstly analyzed. Then, the damage indexes of the tested specimens were calculated with different models to evaluate the seismic strengthening performance. Results of this study show that CFRP and enveloped steel strengthening could effectively improve the strength and ductility of pre-damaged DVFPs. The ultimate load, the failure displacement and the displacement ductility of the moderately damaged specimen after being strengthened were found to increase by 120.74%, 35% and 32.33%, respectively. For the severely damaged specimens with CFRP and enveloped steel strengthening, the figures were 105.36%, 25.98% and 31.41%, respectively. The research results can provide reference for the hybrid strengthening application of seismic-damaged DVFP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four composite steel–concrete frame columns were constructed to investigate the seismic performance of seismic-damaged composite steel–concrete frame columns strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer. The test consisted of pre-damage loading, rehabilitation with carbon fiber reinforced polymer and destruction tests under lateral cyclic loading. The effectiveness of strengthening seismic-damaged columns with carbon fiber reinforced polymer and the strengthening effect on different degrees of seismic damage were studied. Also, based on the test data, various parameters were obtained, including the hysteretic loops, skeleton curves, axial compression ratio, number of pasted layers of carbon fiber reinforced polymer, ductility, dissipative ability, ultimate strength, stiffness degradation, etc. The results revealed that the failure mode of all the columns was bending failure. The study indicates that the rehabilitated columns can reach or even exceed the level of their original seismic performance before seismic damage up to a certain extent of damage level. Composite steel–concrete frame columns strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer sheets were simulated using the finite element analysis software ABAQUS. The comparison of the results of the conducted analytical study with the experimental results revealed that they are basically consistent with each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the seismic behavior of CFRP-reinforced seismic-damaged joints in composite frame consisting of concrete-filled square steel tubular (CFSST) columns and steel beams, four one half scaled models of exterior joints in composite frame consisting of CFSST columns and steel beams were designed and manufactured. The test consisted of pre-damage loading, rehabilitation with CFRP and destruction tests under lateral cyclic loading. The effectiveness of CFRP-strengthened seismic-damaged joints and the reinforcement effect on different levels of seismic damage were studied. Based on the test data, the hysteretic loops, skeleton curves, the CFRP strain, ductility, dissipative ability, ultimate strength and stiffness degradation, etc. were obtained. Results show that CFRP-strengthened seismic-damaged exterior joints in composite frame consisting of CFSST columns and steel beams meets the strong column-weak beam requirement of seismic design, and the failure modes of all joints are bending failure of beam. The reinforcement with CFRP has a significant on increasing the ultimate capacity and the seismic behaviors of the joints. The study indicates the rehabilitated joints can reach or even exceed the level of their original seismic performances before seismic damage in a certain extent of damage level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To study the seismic behavior of unsymmetrical steel reinforced concrete column, cyclic loading tests were carried out on 12 columns with T-shaped section steel and 12 columns with L-shaped section steel. The test parameters included shear span ratio, axial compression ratio, stirrup ratio and presence of cross tie. Mechanical process, failure mode, hysteretic characteristics, skeleton curves, ductility and energy dissipation ability were taken into comparison. The result indicates that unsymmetrical steel reinforced concrete column possesses good seismic performance under constant axial compression and cyclic horizontal load. The failure modes include bonding failure, shear-bond failure, shear compression failure and shear-composition failure. Obvious asymmetry phenomenon of positive and negative hysteresis loop are shown. The span ratio has great influence on failure mode and shear-composition failure usually takes place in L-shaped steel section column. With the increase of axial compression ratio, the ductility decreases, which is obvious in L-shaped steel section column. The ductility and bearing capacity of the T-shaped steel section columns are improved greatly with the increase of stirrup ratio, but not obvious for T-shaped steel section column with smaller span ratio. Cross ties can improve bearing capacity, limit strength and stiffness degradation and enhance deformation capacity of L-shape steel section columns clearly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]