Search

Knowledge transfer is considered the efficient way to improve regional innovation, but relatively little is known about how the innovation efficiency of scientific and technological (S&T) talents is affected by knowledge transfer within institutional environment, particularly, limited studies carried out regional differentiation analysis. Using panel data from 30 provinces in China between 2005 and 2017, this article empirically tests the influence of the institutional environment on knowledge transfer and analyses its impact between knowledge transfer and innovation efficiency of S&T talents in China. The results show knowledge transfer can significantly improve both the scientific and the economic innovation efficiency of S&T talents. Moreover, the effects of knowledge transfer on the innovation efficiency of S&T talents in eastern, central and western China had heterogeneity. Formal and informal institutions play mediating roles between knowledge transfer and innovation efficiency of S&T talents. This study contributes to the literature by constructing an econometric model with identified variables to test the impact of knowledge transfer on the innovation efficiency of S&T talents in China, in addition, the equation about knowledge transfer was explored. The research findings are valuable to regional governments and policymakers; our empirical evidence helps to develop more efficient strategy and policy planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the wave of the digital era, Building Information Modelling (BIM) has emerged as the primary tool for intelligent construction and digital transformation in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry. China's focus on policy guidance for the dissemination and application of BIM technology has promoted high-quality development and technological innovation in the AEC industry. However, few studies have described the multi-dimensional evolution picture of BIM technology policy in China, and lack of effective grasp and prediction of policy evolution law and future direction. An improved policy quantitative analysis framework is built using natural language processing (NLP) based on deep learning in this paper. The dynamic characteristics of 242 Chinese BIM technology policy documents from 1998 to 2022 in the PKULAW database are quantitatively analyzed by the framework, and the four-stage integrated evolution of Chinese BIM technology policy is quantitatively mapped in a visual form through network analysis and dynamic topic model (DTM). Furthermore, this research conducts a comprehensive discussion from three dimensions, providing valuable insights for policy makers and industry participants in China. The findings contribute to the deep integration of policy optimization and the construction industry, while also aiming to share China's experience in BIM technology governance with other countries and regions. Ultimately, this study seeks to support the global AEC industry in its digital transformation and development by offering valuable knowledge and perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of urbanization has brought new challenges to the ecological environment, and the promotion of green technology innovation and development is widely recognized as an essential method to achieve cities' economic benefits and environmental protection. This paper examines whether the new urbanization pilot policies (NUP) increase green technology innovation (GTI) from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. This paper examines the impact of new urbanization on GTI by analyzing data from 285 cities in China between 2010 and 2021, using the multi-period DID model with the implementation of NUP as an exogenous policy shock. The study results indicate that NUP significantly affects GTI, and the conclusion still holds after the parallel trend test, placebo test, and other robustness tests. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the NUP significantly enhances GTI in low environmental pollution, non-resource-based, Medium-sized, and Central Region cities. The test of moderating effect shows that NUP has a "linkage effect" with the government's environmental attention, financial investment in innovation, and regional talent pooling. The findings of this paper provide empirical evidence and decision-making reference for promoting NUP and sustainable development of cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As China's economy progresses towards high-quality development, the construction of science and technology think tanks, with talent construction as the key, has become an important supporting force and occupies a unique position in the national innovation system. In recent years, with the rapid expansion of the number of think tank talents, how to evaluate and manage think tank talents has become a key factor in the development of think tank influence and competitiveness. Based on the experience of talent team construction at home and abroad, Taking the typical science and technology innovation think tanks of Henan Province as an example, this paper analyzes the current situation and status quo of science and technology innovation think tank talents, and finds problems in the talents, Summarize the factors that affect the talent construction and development of science and technology innovation think tanks, From the perspective of six dimensions of competency model, four first-level indicators of talent quantity, talent quality, talent ability and talent contribution of science and technology innovation think tank and 16 subordinate second-level indicators are constructed for talent evaluation of think tank. Ahp is adopted to set questionnaires and collect data with Likert5-level scale, and yaahp software is used to verify the weight verification evaluation effect. Invite experts in the field to score the evaluation indicators. The research results show that the talent evaluation index of science and technology innovation think tank based on competency model pays more attention to the standardization, integration and systematization of the talent evaluation of the think tank, and the system is scientific and reasonable. It can provide reference and reference for promoting the construction, evaluation and development management of scientific and technological innovation think tanks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the main direction of a new round of industrial technology reform, the intelligent manufacturing industry has become an important trend in the transformation and development of China's manufacturing industry. It provides a new way for manufacturing industry in China to get rid of the low-end position in the global value chain distribution, enhance its competitive advantage, and realize the fundamental reversal from the low-end to the high-end. The continuous realization of intelligent process is inseparable from the innovation and diffusion of intelligent technology. Based on this, the moderated mediation model was constructed to study the sustainable mechanism of technological innovation diffusion on the intelligent transformation of manufacturing enterprises, and the specific path of technological innovation diffusion influencing the intelligent transformation of manufacturing enterprises was clarified, through the rise of value chains under the effect of competitive advantage. Using 257 valid samples of survey data to test the moderating effect model with mediation. The results show that: (1) Technological innovation diffusion has a significantly positive impact on the intelligent transformation of manufacturing enterprises; (2) The climbing of value chains can partially mediate the sustainable mechanism between technological innovation diffusion and intelligent transformation; (3) Competitive advantage plays a moderating role in the process of technological innovation diffusion, influencing value-chain climbing. With the continuous improvement of enterprise competitive advantage, the impact of technological innovation diffusion on the rise of the value chain gradually decreases; (4) The intermediary role of value chain climbing in the relationship between technological innovation diffusion and intelligent transformation was regulated by competitive advantage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The identification of the technical cooperation mode in the field of hydrogen energy is of great importance in guiding technological innovation. Based on the social network analysis (SNA) and spatial network method, this paper constructs the technical cooperation graph of China's industry-university-research (IUR) tripartites in the field of hydrogen technology. Based on the performed graphs, it shows the game and evolution of hydrogen technology innovation in three stages, respectively 2000–2010, 2011–2015 and 2016–2019. Meanwhile, this paper calculates the changes of network indicators and found that: (1) the network density showed a downward trend, from the initial 0.062 to 0.003. (2) The degree centrality of the network decreased from 14.7% to 5.7%. (3) The average path length and clustering coefficient indicate that the internal connections within the network were relatively close from 2000 to 2010, and had small-world characteristics. From 2016 to 2019, although the clustering coefficient increased, the average path length also increased significantly, indicating that the internal connections of the network did not become closer. From the network characteristics, the collaborative innovation network of China's hydrogen energy industry continues to expand in scale and scope, and the cooperation relationship is stable. However, it shows the characteristics of low network density and loose cooperation relationship, gradually developing into a scale-free network. Developed provinces and cities in North and East China occupy core positions in the industry-university-research network, while other regions are gradually expanding their cooperation efficiency; however, the overall cooperation frequency is relatively low in Northeast China, and most provinces and cities in South and Northwest China are in edge positions with poor collaboration capabilities. • Network analysis sheds light on China's hydrogen energy tech cooperation via patent. • Collaborative innovation in hydrogen technology evolves through three stages. • Tight internal connections with small-world properties seen in network (2000–2010). • Network's internal connections didn't become closer (2016–2019). • Network transforms from a stable and expanding structure into a scale-free network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The investment in hydrogen-refueling stations (HRS) is key to the development of a hydrogen economy. This paper focuses on the decision-making for potential investors faced with the thought-provoking question of when the optimal timing to invest in HRS is. To fill the gap that exists due to the fact that few studies explain why HRS investment timing is critical, we expound that earlier investment in HRS could induce the first mover advantages of the technology diffusion theory. Additionally, differently from the previous research that only considered that HRS investment is just made by one individual firm, we innovatively examine the HRS co-investment made by two different firms. Accordingly, we compare these two optional investment modes and determine which is better considering either independent investment or co-operative investment. We then explore how the optimal HRS investment timing could be figured out under conditions of uncertainty with the real options approach. Given the Chinese HRS case under the condition of demand uncertainty, the hydrogen demand required for triggering investment is viewed as the proxy for investment timing. Based on analytical and numerical results, we conclude that one-firm independent investment is better than two-firm cooperative investment to develop HRS, not only in terms of the earlier investment timing but also in terms of the attribute for dealing with the uncertainty. Finally, we offer recommendations including stabilizing the hydrogen demand for decreasing uncertainty, and accelerating firms' innovation from both technological and strategic perspectives in order to ensure firms can make HRS investments on their own. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Promoting growth in patent activity was an important stated goal of China's Medium- and Long-Term Plan for Science and Technology Development (2006–20) , and it was a successful one. By the end of this ambitious blueprint, China had witnessed enormous growth in the number of granted patents, especially those granted to public universities. This vital role played by universities in technology innovation justifies further research on the role of academia with respect to the development of technology. However, most studies on patenting by Chinese universities are limited in terms of research scale and context, and patent performance is seldom investigated in great detail. This study first presents an overall analysis of the utility patents granted to Chinese public universities (not utility model patents). Then, we compare the patent performance of two elite university groups: Project 985 universities in China and member institutions of the Association of American Universities (AAU) in the USA. Our results show that Chinese universities account for a high proportion of the total patents granted in China, and the number of patents granted to universities has grown rapidly in recent decades, making them a very substantial contributor to China's innovation system. However, the value of patents did not improve as their counts surged. Compared to AAU universities, the technological and economic value of patents held by Project 985 universities is considerably lower, even for the top-patenting universities in China. These findings extend our understanding of technological innovation activity in China's academic landscape and might inspire future policies toward patent quality and impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past decade, international actors have launched "brain projects" or "brain initiatives." One of the emerging technologies enabled by these publicly funded programs is brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), which are devices that allow communication between the brain and external devices like a prosthetic arm or a keyboard. BCIs are poised to have significant impacts on public health, society, and national security. This research presents the first analytical framework that attempts to predict the dissemination of neurotechnologies to both the commercial and military sectors in the United States and China. While China started its project later with less funding, we find that it has other advantages that make earlier adoption more likely. We also articulate national security risks implicit in later adoption, including the inability to set international ethical and legal norms for BCI use, especially in wartime operating environments, and data privacy risks for citizens who use technology developed by foreign actors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental technology is the core power for environmental protection enterprise. Top management team (TMT) has an important impact on developing direction of environmental technology. In this paper, environmental protection enterprises in China are selected as samples to examine that how does cognitive diversity of TMT affect the directions of environmental technology. Environmental technology is divided into acquisition of environmental patent and independent environmental innovation. It finds that cognitive diversity has positive impacts on acquisition of environmental patent and independent environmental innovation. It also shows that environmental protection enterprise develops new environmental technology through acquisition of environmental patent. We further explore the role of ability of information identification on environmental technology. The results demonstrate that there is a promotional effect of cognitive diversity on acquisition of environmental patent and independent environmental innovation by promoting ability of information identification. Finally, the results of heterogeneity analysis show that cognitive diversity in those environmental protection enterprises with high-level technology has a significant effect on independent environmental innovation. However, for those enterprises who has no high-level technology, cognitive diversity of TMT plays a positive role on acquisition of environmental patent through ability of information identification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Innovation is generally regarded as critical to long-run economic growth. Recent work, at different spatial scales, suggests economies that develop more complex technologies that are related to their existing knowledge stocks enjoy a growth premium. Thus, "smarter" forms of innovation may accelerate growth. These claims are examined using Chinese patent data distributed across 286 cities over the period 1991–2015. Fixed-effects panel models report that city-level GDP growth in China has a significant and positive relationship with diversification into more related and complex technologies, after controlling for the overall pace of innovation and other covariates. Robustness checks focusing on spatial autocorrelation and endogeneity affirm the core findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the Public–Private Partnership (PPP) mode playing an increasingly important role in the investment of infrastructure, promoting the diffusion of low-carbon technology innovation in PPP projects not only helps to reduce the carbon emissions of infrastructure, but also plays an important demonstration role in the low-carbon transformation of construction industry. In order to clarify the evolutionary mechanism of low-carbon technology innovation diffusion among stakeholders under the unique payment mechanism of PPP projects in China, the paper builds two different evolutionary game models respectively under government payment mechanism and consumer payment mechanism based on evolutionary game theory. The evolutionary relationship between the choice of behavior strategies and the change of influencing factors under different payment mechanisms are analyzed by numerical simulation. It is found that under government payment mechanism, the regulation cost of government to promote low-carbon technology innovation and the punishment of the superior regulatory authority for non-regulation behavior are the important factors affecting government's behavioral strategies. The low-carbon technology innovation cost of social capital and the intensity of government subsidy and punishment are the main factors affecting social capital's behavioral strategies; Under consumer payment mechanism, consumer becomes the ultimate payer of low-carbon products, and the income they get from purchasing low-carbon products and the subsidy provided by the government become the main factors determining consumer's behavioral strategies. Finally, from the perspective of government, social capital and consumer, countermeasures and management implications are put forward to effectively promote the diffusion of low-carbon technology innovation under different payment mechanism in PPP projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mobility of air pollution and the free-riding phenomenon in the process of pollution control determine that joint prevention and control policies should be implemented in a larger area. As China’ s economic development shifts from high-speed growth to high-quality development, the spatial structure of economic development is undergoing profound changes. Regional integration with urban agglomerations and megalopolis as units plays an increasingly important role in promoting economic development and environmental governance. Based on the regression method of geographical regression discontinuity, this study used the panel data of prefectures and counties in China from 2005 to 2019 to study whether the regional integration of urban agglomeration was conducive to better haze reduction. The empirical results showed that: ① On the whole, the regional integration of urban agglomeration played a role in haze reduction, and the annual average PM2.5 concentration of prefectures and counties within the urban agglomeration was 11.204 μg/m³ lower than that of those outside the urban agglomeration. ② Mechanism analysis showed that structural haze reduction and technical haze reduction were important ways for regional integration to exert haze reduction effects. The former was mainly realized through industrial division and transfer between the central area and the peripheral area, and the latter was mainly realized through technology transfer and knowledge spillover under the center-periphery structure. ③ The haze reduction effects produced by regional integration had large regional differences, and the three major urban agglomerations with relatively mature development had the most significant haze reduction effects. Furthermore, the joint prevention and control policy of air pollution with urban agglomeration as the unit exerted a better effect on haze reduction. ④ The implication of this paper showed that: regional integration has produced a significant positive environmental impact and it is of great practical significance to continuously build an inter-regional environmental collaborative governance mechanism within the scope of urban agglomeration. It is necessary to actively promote the overall control of air pollution on a larger geographical scale and pay attention to the division of labor and cooperation between industries in different regions in the process of regional integration, and at the same time, increase investment in technological innovation within the region and encourage local government and enterprises to carry out research and development of pollution control and emission reduction technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foreign direct investment (FDI) technology spillovers play an increasingly important role in a host country's development. Evaluating the positive effect of FDI inflows on green innovation is essential for correct city design. Based on the panel data of 262 cities in China from 2004 to 2018, we first analyzed the impact of FDI technology spillovers on green innovation in Chinese cities and then tested the threshold effect in four absorptive capacity factors: environmental regulation, economic growth, human capital, and industry size. Finally, we compared the time and space of two types of cities crossing the threshold from the perspective of innovative and non-innovative cities. The results show that FDI can significantly promote green innovation in Chinese cities and the promoting effect of FDI on green innovation has nonlinear characteristics, namely, such effects only make sense when absorptive capacity is above the threshold points. Additionally, among the four absorptive capacity factors, the development degrees of innovative cities are ahead of non-innovative cities; in particular, there is a significant difference between them in terms of economic growth. Local governments should develop reasonable policy combination tools according to the absorptive capacity characteristics of different cities to effectively promote the technology spillover effect of FDI and achieve coordinated ecological and economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this article is to assess the dynamics of the innovation divide between China and the Triad, as well as to determine the factors that influence its evolution. The Triad consists of three economies traditionally dominating the world economy: the United States, the European Union, and Japan. The methodology involves the decomposition of the innovativeness of the economy into innovation capability, innovation position, and the relationship between them, which indicates the efficiency of the innovation system. The analysis of dynamic indexes and σ-convergence in all these components confirms that the global economy has been gradually losing clear polarization into innovation leaders, found among developed countries and innovation followers, which have traditionally been associated with developing nations. In addition to demonstrating fast improvement in the Summary Innovation Index of China towards the Triad, the paper has a clear contribution by showcasing China's improvement through the decomposed factors of the innovativeness of the economy. In comparison with the Triad, China has a proportionally higher innovation position and efficiency of the innovation system and a lower level of innovation capacity. This demonstrates its dependence on external sources of innovation and international technology transfer, e.g. through foreign direct investments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the impact of China's high-speed rail (HSR) network on regional innovation cooperation examining the impact on intercity patent rights transactions in 2016 between 81,510 city-pairs. It shows that (1) China's intercity technology transfer network assumes a national-scale 'diamond structure'; (2) China's HSR network had a robust positive effect on intercity technology transfer; and (3) these impacts are direct and indirect operating through impacts on geographical proximity, industrial proximity, innovative proximity and technology complementarity. These findings broaden our understanding of the association between transport infrastructure and innovation networks in large emerging economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By constructing a technology spillover connectedness index and connectedness matrix, this paper studies the technology spillover connectedness among innovation agents in China from the perspective of network topology. An empirical study based on invention patent data finds that there is noticeable technology spillover connectedness among the six innovation agents: central enterprises, other domestic enterprises, universities and scientific research institutes, troops, individuals and other organizations, and foreign-funded enterprises. Other domestic enterprises are the hub of technology spillover connectedness among these agents, while foreign-funded enterprises play a limited role. The study of further subdividing foreign-funded enterprises according to their sources finds that the United States, South Korea, and Japan are the centers of technology spillover connectedness in China. The dynamic evolution of technology spillover connectedness shows that the total technology spillover connectedness among innovation agents presents an obvious downward trend, which is closely related to the complex and changeable international economic situation and the uncertainty of China's economic policy in recent years. This paper concludes with insights into how China uses the spillover connectedness among innovation agents to spur agents' innovation performance and promote the nation's economic growth and competitiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Universities are important parts of innovation ecosystems, and university technology transfer (UTT), which aims for the sustainable commercialization of sci-tech achievements, is closely related to other actors in the ecosystem. Based on the panel data of 31 provinces in mainland China, this paper empirically analyzes the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of UTT levels from 2011 to 2019 and estimates the influencing factors using the spatial Durbin model (SDM) with an economic spatial weighting matrix from the perspective of innovation ecosystems. The results are presented as follows: (1) Although the overall level of UTT in China is low, it shows an upward trend in most provinces. In addition, the interprovincial gap is obvious, forming a ladder distribution of UTT levels increasing from west to east. (2) There is a significant spatial autocorrelation between UTT levels in the provinces. (3) Industry, economy, and informatization play significant roles in promoting UTT, while financial institutes and openness have significant inhibitory effects. The economy has a significant spatial spillover effect on UTT, while government, industry and informatization have a significant inhibitory effect on UTT in neighboring regions. (4) The direct and indirect effects of influencing factors in the Eastern Region and other regions show significant spatial heterogeneity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the number and scale of small, medium-sized, and micro enterprises have continued to increase, which is the main force to promote the development of China's national economy, the guarantee of China's rapid and stable economic development, and has a direct impact on social stability and people's livelihood. In China's economic growth, small, medium-sized, and micro businesses play a critical role. However, several limitations limit their current growth stage, preventing them from expanding their size, such as resource and environmental limits, an inappropriate industrial structure, and institutional issues, such as severe market rivalry. To address this issue, this paper develops a micro innovation service platform for small and medium-sized businesses, offers a variety of services to small and medium-sized businesses, fully realizes data sharing and transmission in all aspects using social perception and neural network algorithms, and effectively utilizes social attributes on mobile nodes to assist each node. Also, it investigates the impact of the innovation service platform for small and medium-sized micro firms in practice. After the construction of the innovation service platform for small and medium-sized micro enterprises in 2018, it analyzes the number of transaction projects of platform technology transfer, technology development, technical consultation, and technical services from 2018 to 2020 and analyzes the transaction volume of projects in four aspects. The results show that they have significantly improved, which plays an important role in realizing the transformation of achievements and improving the innovation ability of small and medium-sized micro enterprises in China. At the same time, according to the investigation and analysis of 8 innovative service platforms in the western region, 25% of them have developed well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an important tool for local governments to implement regional development policies, the allocation of land resource plays an important role in promoting regional innovation and development. Based on the microdata of land transfer in 287 cities in China from 2007 to 2017, this study examines the relationship between land price distortion, regional financial development, and regional innovation ability. The results show that land price distortion promotes the improvement of regional innovation ability. There is a significant time-lag effect because it is mainly realized by increasing the fiscal revenue of local governments and providing implicit subsidies to enterprises. The larger the financial scale is, the better the financial structure is and the higher the financial efficiency will further strengthen such a positive effect. Further analysis shows that the impact of land price distortion on improving regional innovation ability is significantly different between central or western regions and the eastern regions. This study provides empirical evidence for promoting regional innovation ability by land price distortion, which is conducive to a better understanding of the importance of reasonable land resource allocation and financial market development in the process of high-quality economic development, providing a useful insight into China's future reform of land market and financial market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interregional collaboration is a core element of Chinese innovation policy, as it accelerates the knowledge recombination across geographic boundaries and promotes regional R&D performance. This study emphasizes interregional collaboration and investigates its effect on R&D productivity using 2009–2017 panel data for 30 Chinese provinces. Furthermore, it examines the relationship between interregional research collaboration and interregional gaps of R&D productivity based on a multistage perspective. Our findings reveal that although interregional collaboration and R&D productivity in China constantly improved during the study period, there is to some extent a mismatch in their spatial distribution. We find that interregional collaboration is required to support overall R&D productivity. We also emphasize that interregional collaboration contributes more to narrowing the interregional gaps of knowledge productivity (rather than technology transfer productivity). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional marine pastures have made great contributions to human beings, but traditional marine pastures have also caused major harm to the marine natural environment. Modern technology represented by artificial intelligence has broad application prospects and significant potential and has the ability to innovate and enhance the conventional marine ranching business that is currently in recession. The particularity of China's marine ranching industry determines the combination of technologies such as underwater robots and the Internet of Things with the development of marine ranching to create a sustainable intelligent marine ranching industry in China. The growth of China's national economy is largely influenced by the development of the country's financial services industry. In order to better support the development of the real economy, it is necessary to establish a financial service system with controllable risks and complementary activities. This paper proposes to use the method of Internet of Things data collection combined with sensors to conduct economic analysis. By taking a number of data in recent years for research and analysis, the results show that financial service industry innovation has become an important part of improving the competitiveness of the industry and an important driving force for economic growth. The Internet of Things (IoT) business in China is a fast-growing industry with huge potential. From the perspective of international comparison, our country is currently in the early stage of the development of the Internet of Things, and a certain technology, industry, and application foundation has been established in the early stage of development. In the financial services business, the visual tracking provided by IoT technology has innovative potential. Introducing IoT technology into financial service business and identifying the driving force and process of financial innovation have practical significance for accelerating financial innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Innovation is intrinsically dependent on the construction of local infrastructure. Using panel data on 285 cities in China, we empirically examined the impact of high-speed rails on urban innovation and the mechanism underlying this effect. We found that high-speed rails significantly increase urban innovation. In our analysis, high-speed rails were found to increase the agglomeration of innovation factors, including population and investment, which in turn increase urban technological innovation. The agglomeration of investment factors brought about by high-speed rails is the main source of the improvement in urban innovation. Through the use of a spatial panel model, we found that high-speed rails promote knowledge dissemination and technology spillovers among the cities along high-speed railways, thus improving their innovation levels. However, the existing effects of high-speed rails on innovation exhibit spatial heterogeneity. We confirmed the effect of high-speed rails on innovation and explored the mechanism underlying this effect by considering the effects of factor agglomeration and knowledge spillovers. Our conclusions can be used as a resource by policymakers to stimulate knowledge and technology diffusion, which in turn cultivates and stimulates urban innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban outputs, from economy to innovation, are known to grow as a power of a city's population. But, since large cities tend to be central in transportation and communication networks, the effects attributed to city size may be confounded with those of intercity connectivity. Here, we map intercity networks for the world's two largest economies (the United States and China) to explore whether a city's position in the networks of communication, human mobility, and scientific collaboration explains variance in a city's patenting activity that is unaccounted for by its population. We find evidence that models incorporating intercity connectivity outperform population-based models and exhibit stronger predictive power for patenting activity, particularly for technologies of more recent vintage (which we expect to be more complex or sophisticated). The effects of intercity connectivity are more robust in China, even after controlling for population, GDP, and education, but not in the United States once adjusted for GDP and education. This divergence suggests distinct urban network dynamics driving innovation in these regions. In China, models with social media and mobility networks explain more heterogeneity in the scaling of innovation, whereas in the United States, scientific collaboration plays a more significant role. These findings support the significance of a city's position within the intercity network in shaping its success in innovative activities. • Constructed data and mapped communication, human mobility, and scientific collaboration intercity networks in the U.S. and China. • Cities with high and low intercity connectivity are compared, controlling for population, GDP, and education. • Intercity connectivity improves the predictive power of a scaling model for patenting activity, particularly in China and for more complex patents. • Communication and mobility networks better explain the scaling variance of innovation in China, while scientific collaboration network plays a more prominent role in the U.S. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The escalating demand for resources in urban and rural construction development raises the crucial question of achieving green development within limited resource constraints. This study delves into the interplay between environmental policy and green development in urban and rural construction. Utilizing the spatial Durbin model for analysis, findings reveal that investment-oriented environmental regulation significantly impacts green development and positive spillover effects in neighboring regions when considering spatial weight matrices. In contrast, cost-based environmental regulations positively affect green development when spatial interactions are disregarded. However, they exhibit negative effects at the spatial level, potentially leading to a "pollution relocation" phenomenon. Although the influence of R& D subsidy-based environmental regulations on green development is not significant, their impact becomes notable upon considering spatial interactions, potentially generating positive effects across regions through mechanisms such as technology diffusion and knowledge transfer. Furthermore, from an endogeneity perspective, the impact of environmental regulatory tools on green development exhibits a time lag effect. Moreover, investment-type regulation in the eastern regions significantly fosters green development, whereas cost-based regulation shows a suppressive effect; investment-type regulation in central regions has a positive spillover on neighboring areas; and R&D subsidies in western regions negatively impact local green development. Moreover, the quality of governmental institutions, market integration, and technological innovation are key factors influencing green development in China's urban and rural construction. This study reveals the direct and indirect effects of various environmental policy tools on green development in urban and rural areas. It emphasizes the importance of considering spatial interactions in implementing environmental policies, providing a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for optimizing environmental policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last 20 years, university–industry–government collaborative innovation has received extensive attention in theory and practice. However, the question of how to integrate and understand collaborative innovation from a theoretical perspective has not been thoroughly studied. This study designed a regional collaborative innovation evaluation model based on the triple helix theory. The invention patent data of 31 provincial regions in China for the last 5 years are used to investigate the regional differences and dynamic evolution of the collaborative innovation and the interaction and coupling relationship between intraregional and interregional industries, universities, and governments empirically. This study found that the number of invention patents in China has rapidly grown yearly, indicating that industries are the most important source of invention patents. The difference in the regional distribution of China's collaborative innovation output is remarkable, showing a pattern of "strong east and weak west" in the total volume and "south fast north slow" in the growth rate. The bilateral synergistic effect of industry–university relations is strong considering two‐dimensional cooperation, and the relationship is close. Collaborative innovation is dominated by intraregional cooperation, whereas interregional cooperation shows a growing trend. The tripartite relationship between university, industry, and government shows a loose trend. Certain provinces with weak regional innovation capabilities, such as Gansu, Hainan, Xinjiang, and Qinghai, have a relatively close cooperation level, which is in the stage of government‐led innovation and development. However, Guangdong, Chongqing, Anhui, Jiangsu, and other provinces with outstanding regional innovation capability do not have close cooperation between universities, industries, and governments, which are in the stage of innovation and development led by industries. This paper discusses the policy implications for different regions based on the research conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A cross-scale model approach for national and regional carbon emission quantification. • Energy conversion and management in transportation, buildings, industries and so on. • Top-down and bottom-up strategies for decarbonization and global optimal layout. • Clear roadmap in energy policy development, initiation and application. • 37.5, 21.2 and 9.9 hundred-million-ton CO 2 for industry, building, transportation. Carbon Neutrality Targets and Sustainable Development Goals call for continuous and joint efforts in technical innovations, multidisciplinary platforms, cross-scale modelling, and advanced energy policies, while various decarbonization strategies are challenging for local governments in investing, promoting and implementing for carbon neutrality transition. Furthermore, the lack of qualitative decarbonization potential analysis on various technologies may lead to local optimal instead of global optimum solutions, imposing challenges to local governments on when and how to invest, develop, promote and implement low-carbon technologies and associated policies. In this study, an innovative top-down and bottom-up approach on technical pathways has been proposed for carbon neutrality transition, assisting global optimal layout and frontier technology decision-making from local governments, so as to avoid the dominance or misleading from problematic focuses. By simulating various decarbonization strategies for comparative analysis, policy-makers can clearly know decarbonization potentials and take decision-making on corresponding decarbonization strategies. Results indicate that the most promising technology is clean electricity supply, followed by energy efficiency in buildings and then carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) in HKSAR (with 26.8, 20.2, 18.8 hundred million ton for each sector, respectively), while it will be industry, buildings and appliances, and then transportation in mainland China (total decarbonization amount at 68.6 hundred million ton with 37.5, 21.2 and 9.9 hundred million ton for each sector, respectively). Parametrical analysis can identify critical areas in carbon neutrality transitions. Case study in mainland China and HKSAR verifies the feasibility, generality and effectiveness of the proposed approach, which can be applied to other countries, continents or scaled to support decision-making in specific regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impacts of FDI (foreign direct investment) on the innovation of Chinese local enterprises have always been the focus of attention, but few studies have explored the impacts of foreign shareholding on enterprise innovation behaviors through the micro level. Based on the survey data regarding the manufacturing sector of China enterprises conducted by the World Bank in 2012, this paper conducts an empirical study on the relationship between foreign shareholding and enterprise innovation behaviors. The research findings include two aspects; that is, (1) foreign shareholding has significantly positive impacts on enterprise innovation behaviors; (2) technology introduction plays a complete mediating effect in foreign shareholding and enterprise innovation behaviors. On the basis of considering sample selective bias and endogenous problems, the propensity score matching (PSM) method is further applied to evaluate the impacts of foreign shareholding on enterprise innovation behaviors. After putting the endogenous problems and sample selective bias under control, the above conclusions are still robust. Thus, under the current complicated international situation, enterprises should be encouraged to attract foreign investment under moderate control, with a view to accelerating the promotion of enterprise innovation activities through the technology introduction brought about by foreign shareholding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the regionally differentiated environmental regulatory means, this paper evaluates the contribution of firms' R&D investment to economic growth with interprovincial panel data on 30 provinces in China from 2009 to 2016, which is based on the time-varying threshold model. Additionally, the coupling coordination degree model (CCDM) is used to measure the effects of technological innovation through enterprise collaboration for R&D input and investment-focused environment regulations. We then explore the inter-regional technology transfer path with different cooperation effects in areas and find: (i) The economic performance of the R&D investments of regional enterprises shows a downward trend with the strengthening of cost-focused ER while an inverted 'U'-shaped relationship that first strengthens and then weakens is presented with the strengthening of investment-focused ER. (ii) The degree of coupling calculated by CCDM is generally low, and synergies are improving from the west to the east, from a geographic perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The innovation of a particular company benefits the whole industry when innovation technology transfers to others. Similarly, the development and innovation in internet companies influence the development and innovation of the industry. This investigation has applied a unique approach of meta-frontier analysis to estimate and analyze the innovation in internet companies in China. A unique dataset of Chinese internet companies from 2000 to 2017 has been utilized to estimate and compare the innovation over the period of study. The change in technology gap ratio (TGR) and a shift in production function have translated into innovation which was overlooked by previous studies. It is found that the production function of internet companies is moving upward in the presence of external factors such as smartphones invention, mobile internet, mobile payments, and artificial intelligence, etc. Consequently, a sudden increase in TGR is captured due to the innovation of some companies. Hence, the average TE of the industry falls caused by the increased distance of other companies form industry production function. However, the innovation advantage defused when other companies start imitating and the average TE elevates. A steady increase in the TGR index revealed that the continuous innovation-based growth of some companies lifting the production frontier upward. This provides the opportunity for other companies to imitate and provides continuous growth in the industry. This study provides a novel methodological approach to measure innovation and also provide practical implication by empirical estimation of innovation in Chinese internet companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The innovation value chain is an effective tool for analysing innovation activities and reflects the process of value creation and increase in innovation activities. From the perspective of innovation value chains, we divided patent innovation activities into three stages: knowledge innovation stage, applied research stage and patent commercialization stage. The panel data from 64 universities directly managed by the Ministry of Education from 2009 to 2017 were used and several conclusions were drawn: 1) In the initial stage of knowledge innovation, the fundamental research fund plays a crucial promoting role, and knowledge innovation achievements are mainly published academic papers. 2) In the applied research stage, the knowledge innovation in the early stage and the fund investment in R&D activities have a significant positive effect on the patent output of universities, but the personnel investment has a negative effect. 3) In the final stage of patent commercialization, preliminary research results have a positive impact on patent commercialization, whose marginal effect depends on the industry-university-research relationship, external competition and reputation of the university. The evidence showed that there is a feedback channel between university patent commercialization and knowledge innovation, and new knowledge generated by the interaction with the outside world in the process of patent commercialization was transmitted to the subject of knowledge innovation through this channel, forming a virtuous dynamic cycle. By analysing the driving factors of the value chain of patent innovation in colleges and universities, we provided empirical evidence for the operation mechanism and policy formulation of college patents in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to solve a series of problems brought about by rapid development of science and technology, it is necessary not only to conduct in-depth research on science and technology ethics, but also to strengthen ethics education in science and technology. China's five technical universities (5TU) exemplify the specific situation and characteristics of ethics at Chinese technical universities, and can be compared to the situation in South Africa. China's ethics education in the 5TU emphasizes the use of traditional ideological and cultural resources, and practical cases. The teaching methods focus on combining traditional Chinese ethics with foreign experience and teaching methods, aiming at cultivating students' ability to solve specific problems in the real world. This paper also evaluates and reflects on the short-term and long-term effects of China's ethics education in science and technology, revealing some special problems. Ethics education in science and technology at the 5TU is based on the principle of "unity of knowledge and behaviour". It is hoped that China's ethics education founded on traditional Chinese thought, can make a valuable contribution to the development of global engineering ethics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China has developed eight bases to boost the large-scale exploitation of wind power, thereby achieving great success in recent years. In this study, we propose an adjusted technical innovation diffusion model to explore the optimal development paths for the eight bases until 2030. Considering environmental differences, the model mainly takes the following factors into account: economic factors, grid construction, coordination of departments, power system failure and technology diffusion. In addition, we classify the bases into four groups according to their geographical locations and economic development to investigate the common characteristics affecting their development. The empirical analysis indicates that all eight bases may achieve their development goals by 2020, but not all may reach their 2030 goals under most circumstances. The effect of incentive policies varies significantly among regions due to differences in available resources and economic development. Grid availability act as the biggest obstacle to wind power development in regions with abundant resources and underdeveloped economies, whereas a subsidy is the key driver of wind power diffusion in developed regions. • It has explored the optimal development paths for eight wind power bases. • Grid availability is the biggest obstacle in regions with abundant resources. • Financial subsidy is the key driver to wind power diffusion in developed regions. • Not all bases may achieve their goals by 2020 or 2030 under most circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent theoretical arguments and empirical studies in economic geography have emphasized the importance of both geographical proximity and network tie for firm innovation. However, few studies have empirically assessed the effects of these two together. This paper examines and compares the effects of geographical proximity and network tie on innovation based on a unique dataset of equipment manufacturing firms in Shanghai, China. An extended spatial economic model is adopted for this analysis. We find evidence that network ties rather than geographical proximity promote firm innovation. This finding is different from previous studies using region as unit of analysis and suggests that geography and network may play different roles at different spatial scales. Moreover, we demonstrate that both internal factors such as firm's expenditures on R&D and human capital and external factors such as government expenditure on R&D and import of foreign technologies are important for innovation of Chinese equipment manufacturing firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article uses a stochastic frontier model to elaborate how academia-industry research and development collaboration and government funding influence the innovation efficiency of industrial enterprises through a panel dataset from 2009 to 2015, including 30 provinces in China. We find that the research institute-industry collaboration promotes innovation efficiency of enterprises, while university-industry collaboration is adversely associated with innovation efficiency. Government funding plays a positive role on innovation efficiency across the board. Next, we divide the sample into three clusters according to enterprises' innovation ability. In the first cluster, which has the least innovation ability, research institute-industry collaboration, university-industry collaboration and government funding have no significant effect on enterprise innovation efficiency. In the second and third clusters, university-industry collaboration exerts a negative impact on innovation efficiency but government funding improves innovation efficiency. At the same time, we investigate the interaction effects of enterprise R&D personnel and academia-industry collaboration and government funding on innovation efficiency. We find some heterogeneity in the full sample and the three sub-samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Innovation can create value for an organization and its stakeholders. In developing an innovation blueprint in complex contexts, such as construction, previous studies have alleged that transformational leadership is an important determinant of innovation. This study aims to investigate the role of innovation climate and learning transfer climate on the relationships between leadership and innovation in the construction sector. A questionnaire survey was conducted with 158 returns from 500 respondents (client developers, construction consultants, and contractors in China). The findings reveal that (1) support for innovation (innovation climate factor) moderates the effects of intellectual stimulation, individualized consideration (transformational leadership factor), and contingent rewards (transactional leadership factor) on innovation, and (2) performance self-efficacy (learning transfer climate factor) moderates the effects of intellectual stimulation (transformational leadership factor) and contingent rewards (transactional leadership factor) on innovation. This study reveals the intertwining relationships between leadership, climates, and innovation and lays a platform for further longitudinal, qualitative studies. Managerial implications are discussed; different leadership and management climates need to be strategically adopted and nurtured in dynamic organizational environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is insufficient research on how to reduce the destructive effects of command-based environmental regulation through institutional design. The implementation of the National Key Monitoring Enterprises provides new evidence to assess the effects of vertical monitoring. This study integrates and matches three types of micro databases in China: industrial, pollution, and patent, and constructs firm-level panel data from 2004 to 2010. The empirical evidence shows that the policy reduces the energy use intensity of monitored enterprises by about 10.4% and sulfur dioxide emission intensity by about 23.9%. The mechanism test shows that this effect is achieved by means of energy structure optimization, process innovation, and end-of-pipe treatment, but the effect on total factor productivity is not significant. Among them, the positive impact is stronger for high-profit and emerging firms. Further, we quantify the policy-induced capacity transfer and technology spillovers from monitored enterprises to non-monitored enterprises. In terms of scale, the policy leads to a simultaneous increase in output and pollution emissions of unmonitored firms in the same industry. However, in terms of efficiency, the policy reduces the energy use intensity and pollution emission intensity of enterprises in the same industry. • We construct the time-varying DID by using a large sample of microdata to examine the effect. • Vertical monitoring by the central government has reduced the energy use intensity of regulated companies by about 10.4%. • Enterprises achieve emission reductions through capacity compression, end-of-pipe treatment, and technological innovation. • Differential regulation of firms leads to the transfer of polluting outputs and technologies to unmonitored enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this work is to analyze the role played by both foreign and indigenous innovation on energy intensity as well as the possible interactions between them across 30 Chinese regions. In addition, we consider different types of corporate ownership that operate in China. We control our estimates by energy price and the composition effect. We provide a complete picture of energy sector by examining all sources of energy. We use Beck and Katz estimator in order to take into account heterocedasticity and serial correlation over the period 2006–2010. Our results suggest that both foreign and domestic innovation efforts played a significant role in improving energy efficiency in China. However, the interaction between foreign and indigenous innovations is modest. We observe significant differences among investment ownership due to its geographical location. These findings have important policy implications for energy sector in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines five surprising and historically contingent coincidences, pertaining separately to land, capital, labor, entrepreneurship, and technological innovation, whose concurrence and confluence go a long way toward explaining China’s remarkable record of development in the past thirty-five years. They also reveal the roots of the problems that have accompanied that development: gross social inequality, a persistent and oppressive bureaucracy, and a drastic environmental crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transition to a cast iron industry was essential to the development of ancient China. Previous studies, however, did not address precisely how this process occurred and how the preexisting bronze industry could have served as the foundation for the transition. This paper develops a framework focusing on three parameters—techniques, assemblages of final products, and production organization—to investigate the mechanism of the transition to cast iron. Results of two case studies indicate that the three parameters do not demonstrate dramatic changes between the two industries. Also, cast iron and bronze foundry workers were not segregated; they often worked side by side at the same foundry. Very likely, the cast iron foundry workers adopted and adjusted the original bronze production techniques and, consequently, maintained the preexisting organization. This study illustrates how cast iron manufacturing developed based on the indigenous bronze production in the Central Plains of China, and aims more broadly to contribute to the discussion of technological transitions in archaeological contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the center of knowledge and technological innovation, universities have occupied an important position in the technology transfer to enterprise. The ability of timely and efficient application of the scientific and technological knowledge is a key factor which determines economic growth performance of a country. The efficiency and direction of knowledge flow directly determine the benefit of these applications. In this paper, based on the statistics of Chinese universities science and technology from 2002 to 2011, the key factors which affect university R&D efficiency are figured out by applying grey incidence models; output performance and transfer performance are predicted by optimal GM(l, l) model. According to the above, the restriction mechanism of transfer performance for university R&D results are analyzed, and the prospect model is suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to global warming and increasingly severe resource and environmental constraints, the role of renewable energy in reducing pollutant emissions and mitigating environmental degradation has gradually attracted the attention of all countries. This study examines the relationship between government corruption, market segmentation, and renewable energy technology innovation. The regression results show that government corruption can increase the degree of market segmentation, and both government corruption and market segmentation can significantly reduce regional renewable energy technology innovation. Further analysis shows that the improvement in market segmentation can lead to a negative moderating effect of corruption on renewable energy technology innovation. In addition, corruption and market segmentation have complementary effects on the impact of renewable energy technology innovation. The improvement of corruption level can increase the negative influences of market segmentation on renewable energy technology innovation. Similarly, the higher degree of market segmentation can increase the restraining effect of corruption on renewable energy technology innovation. Therefore, this study provides a valuable reference for all countries to accelerate the construction of regional market integration, break through interprovincial barriers, and improve renewable energy technology innovation. [Display omitted] • The market segmentation index in China is measured. • The influence of corruption on renewable energy technology innovation is investigated. • Market segmentation has a negative effect on renewable energy technology innovation. • Corruption can significantly improve the regional market segmentation level. • Market segmentation and corruption have a complementary effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: China’s emergence as a major force in clean energy development has profound implications for the world. A lack of understanding around the trajectory of China’s surge in clean energy investment, and the seriousness of its impact on global clean energy development, demands a clear review of China’s clean energy innovation. To this purpose, the paper analyzes the technology innovation process and major players for technology innovation in a general sense. It then decodes the Chinese way of innovation, which reflects unique historical circumstances and development stage. The paper also explores the clean energy innovation with Chinese characteristics as well as analyzes lessons from China in clean energy innovation. The paper concludes that China has become a global learning laboratory of clean energy technology. China’s leadership in commercializing clean energy technology could ultimately help lower its costs and promote its commercialization globally. Nevertheless, China’s clean energy innovation faces an ambiguous future due to the challenge in balancing and coordinating technology import and indigenous innovation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Importing capital inputs has been recognized as a critical channel for technology transfer across countries. We examine whether and to what extent the productive impact of imported capital varies with firms' abilities to absorb new technologies using ordinary least squares, instrumental variable, and threshold regression estimators. We find that firms with higher absorptive capacity gain significantly more from importing foreign capital. Our results also suggest a threshold for such benefits. Furthermore, the productive contribution of skilled labor is significantly higher in firms that import foreign capital. Developing policies to augment absorptive capacity will help firms in developing countries to realize benefits associated with imported capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Even though technology transfer has been part of development aid programmes for many decades, it has more often than not failed to come to fruition. One reason is the absence of simple guidelines or decision making tools that help operators or plant owners to decide on the most suitable technology to adopt. Practical suggestions for choosing the most suitable technology to combat a specific problem are hard to get and technology drawbacks are not sufficiently highlighted. Western counterparts in technology transfer or development projects often underestimate or don’t sufficiently account for the high investment costs for the imported incineration plant; the differing nature of Chinese MSW; the need for trained manpower; and the need to treat flue gas, bunker leakage water, and ash, all of which contain highly toxic elements. This article sets out requirements for municipal solid waste disposal plant owner/operators in China as well as giving an attribute assessment for the prevalent waste disposal plant types in order to assist individual decision makers in their evaluation process for what plant type might be most suitable in a given situation. There is no ‘best’ plant for all needs and purposes, and requirement constellations rely on generalisations meaning they cannot be blindly applied, but an alignment of a type of plant to a type of owner or operator can realistically be achieved. To this end, a four-step approach is suggested and a technology matrix is set out to ease the choice of technology to transfer and avoid past errors. The four steps are (1) Identification of plant owner/operator requirement clusters; (2) Determination of different municipal solid waste (MSW) treatment plant attributes; (3) Development of a matrix matching requirement clusters to plant attributes; (4) Application of Quality Function Deployment Method to aid in technology localisation. The technology transfer matrices thus derived show significant performance differences between the various technologies available. It is hoped that the resulting research can build a bridge between technology transfer research and waste disposal research in order to enhance the exchange of more sustainable solutions in future. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Summary: This paper examines the pattern of innovation and learning among state-owned enterprises in Chinese high-tech sectors and empirically estimates the impact of three types of investment for acquiring technological knowledge—in-house R&D, importing foreign technology, and purchasing domestic technology—on the innovation capabilities of firms. Based on a panel dataset consisting of 21 high-tech sectors during the period 1995–2004, an augmented knowledge production function is estimated. The results show that importing foreign technology alone does not facilitate innovation in Chinese state-owned high-tech enterprises, unless in-house R&D is also conducted. Domestic technology purchases, however, are found to have a favorable direct impact on innovation, suggesting that firms have less difficulty in absorbing domestic technological knowledge than utilizing foreign technology and that absorptive capacity is contingent upon the source or nature of the external knowledge. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Summary: This paper explores the role of indigenous and foreign innovation efforts in technological upgrading in developing countries, taking into account sectoral specificities in technical change. Using a Chinese firm-level panel dataset covering 2001–05, the paper decomposes productivity growth into technical change and efficiency improvement and examines the impact of indigenous and foreign innovation efforts on these changes. Indigenous firms are found to be the leading force on the technological frontier in the low- and medium-technology industries, while foreign-invested firms enjoy a clear lead in the high-technology sector. Collective indigenous R&D activities at the industry level are found to be the major driver of technology upgrading of indigenous firms that push out the technology frontier. While foreign investment appears to contribute to static industry capabilities, R&D activities of foreign-invested firms have exerted a significant negative effect on the technical change of local firms over the sample period. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Th is paper presents an overview of patenting activities carried out by Brazilian public universities. Th e analysis is based on data and information collected directly at the National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI), at the Technology Transfer Offi ce (TTO) at each university studied, as well as at the Lattes Database from the National Research Council (CNPq). Th e main results show a signifi cant increase in the number of patents fi led by Brazilian universities in the most recent period; a geographical concentration of academic patents in the South-eastern region, mainly in the São Paulo State; the leadership of FAPESP as the main coassignee; the diff erent licensing strategies adopted by universities and the high level of academic maturity of the inventors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]