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The degradation and alteration of waterbodies globally have been occurring at an alarming rate, surpassing the pace of their restoration efforts. Brari Nambal Lagoon is an important waterbody located in the Kashmir valley of Jammu and Kashmir, India. The lagoon is a shallow, fresh water body that supports a variety of aquatic plants and animals and is a source of water for the surrounding communities. However, the water quality of the lagoon has deteriorated due to anthropogenic activities such as pollution from agricultural runoff, domestic sewage and industrial effluents. The physico-chemical properties of the lagoon provide evidence of the significant changes in water quality that have occurred since the early 1980's. A noticeable decline in dissolved oxygen levels has been observed, indicating a shift in the lagoon's ecosystem. In addition, the concentrations of harmful substances such as phosphates have increased, suggesting anthropogenic activities are contributing to the lake's degradation. This review paper also gives insights about the trophic status of the lagoon by reviewing the different techniques to assess the condition of the lagoon and the need for effective measures to improve and protect the water quality of lagoon to ensure the sustainability of the surrounding communities and ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investments in Mutual Funds are rapidly increasing in India since last two decades. The investments made in open-ended mutual funds are comparably more than close-end mutual funds. The retail investors in India who are in position take risk on their investment are preferring open-ended equity mutual fund schemes. Open-ended equity mutual funds are the financial instruments and the performance of these funds are largely depending on Market fluctuations. The open-ended equity mutual fund schemes are risky investments compare to other forms mutual funds. These funds returns are based on the risk-taking ability of investors and bring the more returns to the investors in long run as compared to debt funds. The performance of open-ended mutual fund schemes is volatile in nature and majority of the fund depending on company and industry growth and the returns of the funds will give different benefits for short term and long-term investors. The present paper analyses the performance of select Indian open-ended equity mutual fund schemes and also analyse the risk and returns characteristics funds for select time period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Banking sector in India is one of the most important sector playing an important role in growth of Indian economy. After the liberalization the role of banks is increased to provide monetary services to entrepreneurs, customers and common people. Banking sector operations are increased due to growth of industrialization. The rapid growth in industrialization encouraged both public and private sector banks to expand their services to meet requirements of bank customers. The performance of banks is measured based on performance indicators like ROA (Return on Assets), ROE (Return on Equity) and NIM (Net Interest Margin). The said three factors are the key bank performance indicators to assess the concern bank performance. The ROA, ROE and NIM are most important factors in measuring the bank performance and the growth of any commercial banks is largely depends on these three financial ratios. The growth of ROA is very important for any bank to increase their assets in long run, ROE is concern with market movements and it is influenced by the different market conditions linking to banking sectors. NIM is very important to increase the internal operation efficiency of bank and to improve the liquidity and profitability conditions in banks. The current paper emphasizes on key performance indicators of select public and private banks and compare their performances and analysed the factors influencing the key performance indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information technology revolutionized education system. Knowledge now could spread to the remote corners of the country. It caters to the needs of many and the best part is, it is not time bound and has no time limits to the knowledge inputs. A little awareness of operating the gadgets will help to browse and explore the world of knowledge. The use of mobile phone is just made it easy that all the data is available with the finger touch. Books are now made available through online libraries and even audio books which help us in pronunciation and help the students to improve their vocabulary. Technology has helped us to reduce and save paper also to conserve the environment. This helps the students to pursue out of the curriculum subjects. The aids can be derived through focus and without deviation. Space consumption for E-Resources is too less and the devices we use are also portable and handy. We can attach any information to our mail as this secure feature helps us in storing the material land accessible at any place and at any point of time even during our travel. Electronic resources consists of data representing numbers, text graphics, images, moving images, music, sounds etc. All these utilize the multiple ways of brain simulation. Colorful videos and games improve to build the vocabulary and create interest in learning. It is said that imitation is best form of appreciation. Students appreciate and enjoy exposure to these resources and tend to learn quickly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The derivatives markets for crude oil, corn, soybeans, and other global economic mainstays are well developed, with active trading in financial contracts that derive their value from the asset. Notably, while the value of a derivative is based on a resource, possession of a derivative does not necessitate ownership of the asset. Derivatives are widely used by producers of commodities to lock in the prices of the goods they will sell or acquire at some point in the future. rude-oil futures are the top commodity contract traded on the commodity exchange MCXNSE-0.14%, allowing a wide range of investors to hedge their positions or merely to speculate on the volatility of crude oil. The contract gets its price cues from the New York Mercantile Exchange's futures contracts for West Texas Intermediate crude oil (NYMEX). The study concluded that there was high volatility in the crude oil futures market before and during COVID – 19. The macro factors throughout the world have contributed to the volatility. In this paper, the data which is taken from a secondary source i.e. from MCX (Multi commodity Exchange) website, India, related to crude oil future market Total Averages Daily Turn Overvalues in Lakhs during the period September 2019 to May 2020 attempted to present the crude-oil data graphically and to study the characteristics of volatility, descriptive statistics have been defined and also made the comparison of the data sample means using Z-statistic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water is closely linked with all living beings and it is the source of all developments in the form of societal, cultural, rituals and religious beliefs. The river Cauvery is the only perennial river in Tamil Nadu and the water level is raised during rainy season. Out of 133 chapters in Thirrukkural, one of the famous Tamil literature, the second chapter itself deals with the importance of water management and the need for the water cycle. All most all the ancient Tamil literatures have evidenced of various water management practices which were carried out to manage the water throughout the year. Several thousand years ago, the olden civilizations were invented to consume the water flowing through the canals and drainages to the maximum extent. Various dynasty were ruled in India before 1000 years onwards and the emperors handled the water management in a systematic approach and managed the floods and droughts in an effective manner. Various structures like canals, dams and water diversion were built by the emperors for the effective utilization of rain water. This paper deals with the effective water management exercises practiced in more than 1000 old Chozha dynasty in Tamil Nadu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When it comes to combating climate change and global warming, the best course of action is to promote the use of renewable energy sources (RESs) and reduce reliance on fossil fuels. In this regard, most nations have resolved to boost the use of solar photovoltaics (PV) and wind turbines (WTs) to generate clean green energy and curb carbon emissions. India is actively contributing to the international change of the energy sector. When it comes to renewable energy and encouraging the use of electric vehicles, India is among the top five countries in the world. There has been a recent push to increase the world's renewable energy generation capacity to 450 GW by 2030, up from its current level of around 400 GW. Getting India's total generation beyond 60%using the low-carbon energy sources is encouraged because it will help the country meet its larger climate goals and push it above the amount agreed upon in the Paris Agreement. Economic growth, increased energy security, and expanding access to energy for the rural population are only a few of the goals, roles, and responsibilities of government. As part of India's progress toward modernization, this paper details a number of related efforts, policy shifts, technical and economic hurdles, and regulatory rules for rolling out renewables and EVs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After globalization and the emergence of new technology, differentiated services, an innovation revolution, a creative explosion, and numerous alternatives, the working environment is under increasing strain. Education isn't an exception. Each educational institution competes for superb efficiency, enormous performance, and unequalled distinctiveness. The educational sector's administration expects too much from faculty members to stand out from competitors. Education's competitiveness challenges emotional intelligence and work-life balance. The goal of this paper is to look at the connection between work-life balance and emotional intelligence among university teachers at Private University in the Telangana district of Warangal. During the study process, a descriptive type of research design is used. The number of educators in the study was 30. The teachers were chosen through a method called "convenience sampling." The research tool was made by putting together Hayman's WLB scale from 2005 and Daniel Goleman's EI dimensions from 1997 into a structured questionnaire. Statistical tools were used to come up with and test two hypotheses. According to the findings, educators with a medium level of emotional intelligence have an equal number of educators who agree that work interferes with personal life, personal life interferes with work, and work and life are enhanced. The study has been limited to the faculty members of SR University, and it can be extended to other universities in India for further significant insight in understanding the levels of work-life balance and emotional intelligence. Educational policies and improving teaching pedagogies can help to improve the levels of WLB and EI among universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most important results of contemporary technological growth is the sharp increase in vehicle numbers, which has gotten more severe in the wake of the astounding rise in the overall population. Thus, the primary issue at hand is the delay in getting there. Sometimes the delay is explained by how long it takes to get to the hospital or receive initial care.I ndia's dire situation is made worse by traffic. A comprehensive solution is required to reduce the time taken at each step, even if the government is taking several initiatives. Some examples of these include evaluating the patient's status, calling for medical assistance, or making the nearest aid available. As a consequence, most countries in the globe today consider traffic congestion to be a serious problem. Using IOT, a system may be developed to enable emergency vehicles, such ambulances, to get at their destination as soon as feasible. The development of a smartphone application that will facilitate communication between traffic controllers and drivers is ongoing. We would provide the ambulance driver the option to choose the source and destination sites. Near traffic lights, digital screens will display the lane that the traffic controller selected. If other drivers can see the alert on the screen, they will be able to remove themselves from the scene or switch lanes before the ambulance comes. Thousands of fatalities may occur from ineffective traffic management if an ambulance won't be able to reach the hospital in time. However, the problem is becoming worse since, in emerging countries like India, annual road expansion is just around 4% while annual car growth is already at 11%. In light of this, the paper provides a novel, straightforward approach to traffic control in emergency situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Small hydropower is one of the most cost-effective and environmentally benign energy technologies for production of electrical power worldwide. In India, the available potential of small hydro is at about 15,000MW and small hydro can provide electricity to 120,000 unelectrified rural villages. Hence, this paper focuses the status of small hydro development in India and discusses the barriers/obstacles to the development of small hydro in India by taking government policy, economical aspects and environmental benefits of few countries into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Now days the impact of climate change in India are mostly affected to the agriculture field, most of the agricultural crops are being badly affected in terms of their performance of the crop. The crop yield is used to predict in advance because of its harvest, its help the farmers for taking good decisions in marketing. The results of knowing crop yield and building prototype for the purpose of easily available to the farmer. Thus, for such kind of data analysis in the crop, there are different techniques and algorithms to predict the crop in a field. In this we have used image processing algorithm. The data used are images are taken from the drone system. Our approach starts by seeing rows inside the area (or acre) and finding all the trees in a crop yield, by this knowing the size of plant in the crop can be easily to store the data of plants. Lately there has been a wide source of spatial photogrammetry available for agriculture. Most of this data gives new information about the crops. By analysis of crop statics and methods have not been widely performed due to limitations on the images and software involved. The classification was also validated by comparing dozens of trees in the field, with excellent results. The purpose of this paper is to provide farmers with a method for quickly and automatically classifying trees by size, regardless of the presence or absence of problems, so that they can more easily monitor the health of individual trees and gain a better grasp on how those trees are distributed across a given area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biomass in its original form with low bulk density causes large transport and storage costs, and therefore, it cannot be used as an effective combustion fuel. Densification of biomass using briquetting technology can resolve the aforementioned issues and enhance the effectiveness of biomass as a combustible fuel. The relevance of using this fuel in thermal conversion processes is growing because it is abundant and under-explored. Hence, examining the fuel characteristics of these resource materials is imperative for their effective utilization in energy generation. The aim of the present work is to assess the suitability of various agricultural and aquatic residues as sources of briquette production by determining their fuel properties. Sixteen types of agricultural and aquatic residues which are abundantly available in Kerala (southwestern coastal state of India) were selected for this investigation. The fuel properties of the selected feedstock materials were determined using proximate analysis, elemental analysis, and heating value testing. The density, moisture content, volatile matter content, ash content percentage, and fixed carbon percentage of the feedstock material were carried out according to different ISO standards. Furthermore, the elemental analysis and the heating value of all the feedstock materials have been determined. Finally, the paper concludes by comprehensively listing all the fuel properties of the feedstock materials investigated in this study. The density of the feedstock materials ranged from 105.92 to 700.10 kg/m3. The fuel properties showed that Water hyacinth leaves, oil palm fruit bunch, saw dust; grass waste, dry leaves, vegetable market waste, and spent tea waste have significant potential for bio-briquette production. Also, from the characterization of the feedstock material, it is evident that rice husk and banana peel have higher ash content (above 20 %). Therefore, they are not appropriate for the production of biomass briquettes. The fuel properties of various agro aquatic residues for briquette production obtained from this study are expected to be of great use to the manufacturers in the briquetting of these feedstock materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agriculture has always been considered a lifestyle, especially in rural India rather than a revenue making market. In the present trend of automation, machines make decisions which are rational, reasonable and accurate. In this state of art technology Internet of Things (IoT) is paving a new path in automation. Therefore, in this paper, the research is carried to employ the IOT technology in the field of agriculture. A rover, capable of reading all essential parameters like soil moisture, temperature, humidity, air quality, sunlight and rain is developed in this research. These detected parameter values by rover are then transmitted to a comprehensive interface, a Mobile application. Mobile application will then give the customized predictions such as soil moisture and temperature based on soil-type. With the help of these parameter values a farmer can take necessary measures to maintain the crop in optimum conditions [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agriculture is critical to our country's economic success. It yields the most profit in crop production on the farmer's land. India is a developing country, and agriculture is a major component of the Indian economy, accounting for approximately 17% of GDP. India is also the world's second largest producer and the largest exporter of rice. Being the chief grain of India, the country has the largest area under rice cultivation, but the optimal yield would only be guaranteed if the field is free from diseases, whether it be fungal or bacteria, pests and nutritional deficiencies. The presented study will be very beneficial for the researchers to recognize any diseases, pests and nutritional deficiencies of the rice plant. As pest attacks also result in damage to the entire field, causing a reduction in the optimal yield production. Plant nutrients are also required for plants' good overall health. These nutrients are classified into three classes: primary nutrients, micro-nutrients and macronutrients. Each of these nutrients is essential for plant growth and development, but for optimal rice production at least primary nutritional deficiency should be taken care of which includes nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus. Agricultural crop losses directly attributed to fungus are significant, but to increase the productivity to the fullest pest attacks as well as primary nutrition deficiencies must also be detected. In this paper, we have conducted a literature study on various approaches and analysis of rice plant diseases, pests and nutritional deficiencies have been shown in tables which highlight the number of diseases focused, numbers of pests focused and number of nutritional deficiencies focused by different researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cardiovascular disease are leading causes of mortality worldwide, accounting for a substantial fatality rate in recent years, In the last several decades, it has been the number one cause of death, not just in India but globally. It is tough for medical practitioners to forecast because it is a complex undertaking that requires expertise and advanced understanding. In the field of healthcare data analysis, predicting heart disease may be difficult. Machine learning can provide a quick and accurate decision-making solution. The main purpose of the paper is to use ML algorithms to predict presence or absence of heart disease. Various ML algorithms have been analyzed such as RF, SVM, DT, LR, XGBoost, Naive Bayes and KNN. And, out of all of these algorithms, Logistic Regression and SVM had the highest accuracy of 81.97%. The maximum accuracy, recall, precision, and f1 score is achieved by Logistic Regression and SVM, whereas the lowest accuracy, recall, precision, and f1 score is achieved by KNN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study is about the detailed analysis of the pandemic Corona Virus 2019 which has rocked the entire world with a maximum impact with its structure, its appearance and nomenclature, Clinical presentation and transmission, diagnostic technique. It's a respiratory illness caused by the virus SARS-CoV2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome). It's a syndrome is different from other virus syndromes as this might act as Symptomatic also as Asymptomatic. The common symptoms would be cold, fever, cough, sneezing, running nose, breathing issues, Fatigue, etc. The paper may be a vivid picture on the COVID 19 cases in Tamilnadu which is within the Southern part of India and therefore the treatments like Ventilator, Plasma, etc and therefore the remedy offered to the patients like Naturopathy, Ayurvedic, Siddha, Unani, Homeopathy, etc,.for better recovery and immunity to fight against the virus. It analyses the detailed reports and statistics during a regression form with reference to daily new death rate and total death rate with the assistance of statistical tools of the general rectilinear regression equation. the entire confirmed cases and daily new confirmed cases are plotted using Normal P-P plot of regression Standardized Residual. The Pearson correlation value is 0.837 which features a strong direct correlation between active cases and total recoveries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Indian government has proposed a national education policy designed by an eminent panel of experts, with the audacious goal of transforming the Indian education system. The policy plans to bring significant changes in the teaching-learning process from the school level to the university level. This paper studies the current information technology infrastructure that is available in Indian Universities for enabling e-learning. The data relating to IT infrastructure to facilitate e-learning was collected from 252 Universities across India. This was used to understand the present scenario of e-learning in the higher education context. An IT governance framework has been proposed which can effectively facilitate e-learning in alignment with the goals of the Indian National Education Policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globally, pesticide use continues to rise, estimated to be over four million tonnes yearly. In 2020, it was almost 2.7 million metric tons, up 57% from 1990. Nanotechnology is an innovative and exciting technology that offers new nanoscale molecule designs, formulations, and delivery systems to diminish the hazardous pesticide effects. Many studies on nano-pesticide production have been published, whereas nano-biopesticides are still limited. The purpose of this research is to answer the question of whether nano-biopesticide formulations will emerge along the development of nano-pesticides. The research was conducted by using bibliometric analysis. All nano-pesticide and nano-biopesticide-related publications are extracted from the Scopus with no limitations year. Using VOSviewer, data on research scope, authorship contributions, number of citations, and global research trends are evaluated and mapped. The results show that the publishing of nanoparticles has an exponential trend, with 125 nano-pesticide documents. However, only 14 nano-biopesticide documents are available. India is the most productive country, publishing both nano-pesticides and biopesticides articles, 52 and 9 publications. India connects the Australian and European continents regarding nano-pesticide publications. China is next, with 36 articles about nano-pesticides currently published. Al-Whaibi (average of 86 citations) and Iavicoli have extremely high citation counts (average of 125.5 citations). In synthesizing nano-biopesticide formulations, we found that essential oils are the most common ingredient in nano-biopesticides. In future, the topic related to the impact of nano-biopesticides on crop production and resistance; the combination of nano-biopesticides and nano-fertilizers; the study of nano-biopesticides' effects on the environment; and microbial as nano-biopesticides are some trend in the nano-biopesticide formulation. We predict that research on nano-biopesticides will increase rapidly in the context of eco-friendly issues. Finally, this paper can serve as a basis for the upcoming research on nano-biopesticide formulations, particularly those involving microorganisms as bioactive substances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper explores the role of entrepreneurship education and training amongst women entrepreneurs to promote agritourism sector of the Indian economy. This study employ qualitative and quantitative approaches to gather data questionnaires survey and in-depth face to face interviews, based on a semi-structured questionnaire. The research involved a matched sample of 10 registered farmers (from the Punjab Heritage Tourism Promotion Board) and 200 unregistered male and female farmers selected randomly from the Indian State of Punjab. Quantitative analysis suggests that there is a direct and significant impact of EET on the management, efficiency, and use of farming land. The findings also suggested that the fall in the agricultural productivity due to labour shortages; revenue losses are rising as commodity prices are falling. Therefore, it is not a surprise that farmers seek to supplement income through alternative means to enhance their socio-economic stability and viability. The findings suggest that there is high incidence of migration amongst male farming population and female farmers lack EET and reluctance on their part to work with external male population. However, analysis of male owner-managers of micro and small agritourist firms also reported to have lower levels of EET and hence the need for EET male and females; thus, EET and adequate access to finance were two major determinants of agritourist firms' success in Indian Punjab. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to understand how Artificial Intelligence (AI) can help the financial sector, in general, promote financial inclusion. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been growing at an unprecedented rate, thanks to a higher acceptance of new technological advancements. AI applications are being used in diverse fields, and the Banking, Financial Services, and Insurance (BFSI) Industry in India is one of the beneficiaries. The paper showcases the paradigm shifts due to the application of AI in the Indian Banking Sector compared to the earlier traditional banking mechanisms. AI applications, especially in the Banking Sector, benefit the underprivileged community greatly in helping them improve their access to credit lending, banking services and other critical information. The paper recommends using AI applications to ensure that the financially inactive/underprivileged sector participates in financial markets and benefits. Secondary Data is collected to gather information regarding the implementation of AI applications in the Banking and Financial Services industry and its impact on financial inclusion. The paper examines that artificial intelligence significantly affects financial inclusion, especially in solving information asymmetry, improving banking and credit services access to the underprivileged (low-income groups), providing customer service, and support through chatbots, fraud detection, and network security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are being employed more frequently for defense and civilian applications these days. Despite the fact that modern technology has many advantages, it also creates new business and industrial challenges. Current laws and regulations cannot be applied to UAV's due to the fact as they are not required to use in existing infrastructure. Even in dire circumstances, UAV's may quickly overcome physical obstacles and pose a threat to society. Hence, the present manuscript focused on creating a Drone Protection System (DPS). In India over the past ten years, the use of drones for both military and civilian purposes have been evaluated. To mitigate the dangers posed by UAVs, counter-drone technologies are also being put together in the interim. This paper examines the aforementionedproblem and provides suggestions to reduce the growing threat posed by drones. Moreover, modern technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), cognitive global positioning system avoidance, and hardware application security must be considered when evaluating the efficiency of anti-drone systems. A prototype for the Anti-Drone UAV system that can capture potentially dangerous UAV's in the air is presented in this paper. The aim of the present work includes the state of the art anti-drone capture mechanism with various existing ways to halt unidentified drones, and also to determine the best method for slicing the target in half. With the first preliminary observation, a simplified Net gun is modeled and affixed with the Anti-Drone Quad copter, and successfully deployed for capturing the UAV's. The obtained results and the present concept may be used to further develop a swarm mechanism for national aerial defense as a future work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental pollution is at present a major global concern. Internal combustion engines toxic emissions are one of the primary air pollutants. To reduce the effects of fossil fuel emissions and address environmental issues, electric vehicles (EVs) are being aggressively promoted around the world. To estimate electric mobility as a good solution, almost 31% of India's population lives in cities. This number is projected to increase to 40% in 2030 and 50% in 2050. Electric-powered trains can help reduce urban air pollution, reduce emissions and improve fuel safety. In this paper, the impact of electric vehicles on grid and battery requirements in India's potential EV adoption scenario is analyzed. The government is motivating people to adopt electric vehicles. Studies suggest that high cost of electric cars, unavailability of charging infrastructure, myths related to electrical vehicles may serve as barriers to customer acceptance. On road EVs by 2030 has been called by Government of India. In this paper, the estimation has been done for number of EVs that will be sold in 2030 and the requirements of battery pack for EVs accordingly, and the electrical power required from grid for charging EVs. EV sales and other relevant details has been estimated to promote EVs. The future forecast evaluation predicted shows that by 2030, 5 to 7 percent of total electricity demand will be used to charge EVs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyze and compare the psychological and behavioral factors affecting India's electric vehicle purchase for first-time buyers. There have been many studies on factors affecting customer purchase decisions on an electric vehicle as well as a fuel vehicle, but because of rapid change in perception and behavior, new insights and cognizance can be established. This research paper aims to understand the concern of people of CO2 emission and their effort to minimize it using Electric Vehicle. The scope of this paper includes the study of psychological and behavioral changes in a different segment of first-time buyers of Electric vehicles. The findings show affordability of the vehicle, charging infrastructure, and environmental concern as the major priorities for respondents when buying an electric vehicle. Similarly, respondents believe that electric vehicles are a developing trend, a future requirement, and have a bright future for the automobile industry. To achieve this, we will use secondary research to narrow down the factors and then use primary research to further explore the factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic caused a sudden shift to online teaching in almost all countries of the world. This paper examines the preparedness and professionalism of teachers for online teaching at a university in India during Lockdown-1 (April 2020) and Lockdown-2 (May 2021). The paper attempts to understand the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on teachers' preparedness and professionalism to adopt technology in classrooms. The data was collected through the semi-structured interviews of 12 teachers in April 2020 and May 2021. Online observation of teachers was also carried out to understand the preparedness and professionalism of teachers. The findings suggest that most teachers were not prepared for this rapid transition to an online mode of teaching both at the personal and contextual level. The paper finds a considerable improvement in the preparedness and professionalism of teachers after a year of online teaching. The results also highlight that universities need to devote a significant amount of resources for creating an enabling environment for effective online teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I have implemented certain ratios to find out the company's financial ability to acquire assets, clear debt, decrease liabilities. Many a time's research papers have analyzed the financial performance on basis of their profits and gross margins etc. But in this paper, I have extended to the step of establishing the ratios to compare the financial standings of RINL in a span of decade. The ratios are namely-Quick ratio, D/E ratio, Profit margin ratio, operating margin ratio, WC ratio, Debt ratio, Inventory turnover ratio, total asset turnover ratio, acid-test ratio, solvency ratio, return on equity ratio. Moreover, the company has not performed well since a decade. Inspire of earning profits, its expenses have increased like anything due to which it ran into losses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The capacity requirement for currently installed 3G and 4G technologies has been driven by increasing internet data traffic. Intensified research into 5th generation wireless communication networks is currently underway on a number of fronts. The development of 5G will usher in a new era of ubiquitous, high-capacity radio. 5G is the telecom industry's future. It is a cutting-edge technology that will provide limitless opportunities for growth. It serves as a road map for our country's future growth and socioeconomic development, with the goal of becoming a $5 trillion economy by 2025. By 2026, India's 5G subscriptions will total 350 million, accounting for 27% of all mobile subscriptions. 5G will be a key driver of growth in every industry, including agriculture, manufacturing, healthcare, education, robotics, blockchain, and AI-powered drones. The global market for robotics alone is expected to reach $75.4 billion by 2026. As critical technologies such as AI, automation, and data capture continue to evolve at an exponential rate, the pace of change will be relentless. The current technical prospects are discussed in this paper. This paper examines the 5G communication network requirements and use cases, technological study areas, and projected problems for India, as well as the current technical prospects for 5G evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In any democratic country, Voting is the root of democracy. It is the process that allows every single citizen to contribute to the democracy of the country. India is one of the countries with flawed democracy having a fair and free voting system in the elections. Worldwide countries, including India, are facing issues of security and transparency in the voting system. There are many opportunities due to technological advancements to make the voting system more powerful and trustworthy. Blockchain Technology is the latest advancement that offers a secure and temper-free system. This is the almost perfectly suitable option to provide privacy to voters and trust in any voting system in the current era. The main objective of this study is to find out the work done in blockchain technology in the field of electronic voting. In this paper, we have reviewed papers which are describing different systems for voting using blockchain. In the next step, we are able to find out the limitations identified from the review of the blockchain-based electronic voting system. In the final step, we can conclude about the role of blockchain technology in Electronic Voting. The review will be useful to understand the role of blockchain in improving the voting system worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In monitoring the ecosystem and climatic changes of the geomorphological area estimation of the Land Surface Temperature (LST) is important. In this paper we have estimated the fluctuation in ecosystem by correlating with LST, Atmospheric Temperature, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), radiation and precipitation using Landsat 8 (OLI/ TIRS) imagery of Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. Remotely sensed image of three consecutive year's i.e 2014, 2015 and 2016 of November were acquired to observe the correlation and inverse correlation among the parameters. In this paper Dark Object Subtraction and Radiometric Correction are done before image pre-processing Because of the cloud free conditions. Here no Atmospheric Correction is done. Ground trothing is also done to correlate the parameters obtained through satellite imagery. Regression analysis using R2 coefficient is also determined on the above parameters to estimate the correlation among them. R2 coefficient between LST and air temperature, max NDVI and max air temperature, max NDWI and LST, max NDWI and min NDVI shows positive correlation with accuracy equals to 99%. R2 coefficient between Radiation and LST shows inverse correlation which shows the direct impact on ecosystem disturbance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper elaborates on the user acceptance risks and convenience associated with digital voting in a developing nation like India. It also details the execution of the digital voting process in various countries around the world. The purpose of this paper is to ascertain the viewpoint of Indian citizens towards digital voting by applying Technology Adoption Model 2 (TAM 2) and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Tech. 2 (UTAUT 2) Models. A self made questionnaire was distributedamongst people of various age groups and varied professions. Analysis of the responses received was done using the Smart PLS software on factors like performance expectancy, willingness, trust in Tech., and government services trust. The results inferred that trust in Tech. and willingness is the two factors that affect the user's behavioral intentions. In contrast, performance efficiency and Trust in Government services do not. From the analysis, it can also be inferred that citizens have a positive perception of accepting digital voting as the future of India's voting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]