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The article discusses Manuel Covo's book, "Entrepôt of Revolutions: Saint-Domingue, Commercial Sovereignty, and the French-American Alliance," which explores the relationship between political and commercial revolutions during the American, French, and Haitian Revolutions. The book examines the role of Saint-Domingue (Haiti) as an entrepôt between France and the United States, highlighting the importance of trade and commerce in these revolutions. Covo's research is based on extensive archival sources and offers a comprehensive understanding of the Age of Revolutions and Atlantic History. The article praises the book for its contribution to social history, history of ideas, and political economy. [Extracted from the article]

The article focuses on the concept of revisionist history and how it has been present since the dawn of historical inquiry, challenging the idea that it emerged solely in the 1960s or is associated only with political ideologies. It emphasizes that historical revisionism is an inherent aspect of historical inquiry, highlighting its evolution over millennia and its role in shaping our understanding of the past.

Mark Stout's book, "World War I and the foundations of American intelligence," provides valuable insights into the achievements and shortcomings of the US intelligence community during World War I. Stout challenges the prevailing narratives that view World War I intelligence as negative and that attribute the foundations of American intelligence primarily to World War II. He argues that modern intelligence for modern warfare emerged during World War I and explores the precedents and key figures that contributed to its development. Stout's research paints a comprehensive picture of the maturing intelligence community during the war and highlights its impact on subsequent intelligence practices. [Extracted from the article]

Spanish Olive Jar is a ubiquitous marker of the Spanish colonial period in the southeastern United States, appearing on both terrestrial and maritime sites where colonists resided and traveled between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries. The Olive Jar ceramic type has been the subject of many archaeological studies, most of which use vessel shape typologies and rim morphology to aid in the chronological placement of sites and proveniences where they are found, and more recently also using compositional analyses to determine locations of manufacture. Frequently lacking, however, is anything more than a cursory generic reference to what these vessels were likely to have originally contained, and how exactly they were used and reused by the people who lived and worked at the archaeological sites where their remains are so commonly found. The intent of this article is to explore primary source documents that provide quantifiable data to answer such questions, with the goal of enhancing the utility of Spanish Olive Jar for archaeological interpretation by situating it within its broader functional context as one of a number of different types of shipping containers used and reused in a variety of circumstances during the Spanish colonial period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Kathryn Gin Lum's book, "Heathen: Religion and Race in American History," explores the history of Christian efforts to save the "heathen" and how these ideas continue to shape American ways of conceptualizing and managing race. The book challenges the assumption that race replaced religion as modernity's primary marker for difference and shows how religious ideas, particularly Christian ones, have continued to inform American views on race. Gin Lum argues that the concept of heathenism remains alive today, perpetuating the idea that people in the so-called "Third World" are suffering victims in need of salvation from Americans. In contrast, Lucia Hulsether's book, "Capitalist Humanitarianism," exposes the capitalist delusions behind neoliberal humanitarian initiatives like microfinance and fair trade. Hulsether critiques these initiatives for facilitating economic exploitation while allowing well-meaning elites to feel good about themselves. Both books raise important questions about the entanglements of race, religion, and global capitalism, urging historians and scholars of religion to consider the ongoing power of these ideas and structures. [Extracted from the article]

"We Are Cuba! How a Revolutionary People Have Survived in a Post-Soviet World" by Helen Yaffe is a book that offers a comprehensive and nuanced perspective on the history, politics, and economy of Cuba. Yaffe's work challenges the traditional Western-centric perspective that dominates social sciences and aims to rebalance the field by incorporating the views and experiences of Cubans themselves. The book explores the complexity of Cuba's social, political, and economic system, considering both internal and external factors that shape it. It also highlights the diversity of opinions and debates within Cuba's history, providing a more nuanced understanding of the country. While not definitive, the book is an important contribution to the study of Cuba and offers readers a different lens through which to view the country. [Extracted from the article]

Benjamin Abrams and Peter Gardner have skilfully combined 15 contributions, examining a range of symbolic objects that feature in contentious politics, including social movements, civil wars and revolutions. As Abrams and Gardner argue, contentious objects are the "collaborators in the execution of contentious action" (p. 293). Politics is inevitably contentious. [Extracted from the article]

This article centers Indigenous epistemologies to critique the United States oceanic security state, a modality of militarization and blue-washing conservation that extends beyond land borders to encompass federal conceptualizations of national security throughout the Pacific Ocean. Beginning with Indigenous perspectives from Oceania, it provides examples of Indigenous peoples' continuing connections to ocean spaces and challenges to United States colonial geographic imaginaries and militarized destruction. Then, advancing the concept of the oceanic security state, it examines how United States assertions of sovereignty over Oceania are used to justify hyper-militarization while simultaneously destroying the environment and contributing to the climate crisis. These phenomena occur while the USA remains exempt from federal environmental conservation laws through 'blue-washing', and the United States government benefits from the exclusion of military emission data within international climate targets. The findings reveal how militarizing all ocean space in the name of United States national security operates within delineated borders of Exclusive Economic Zones, Marine National Monuments, and Marine Protected Areas. Guided by Indigenous epistemologies, the article concludes with alternative ways of understanding ocean spaces and constructing futures of genuine security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinese medicine is growing rapidly in the United States both as a field of research and in the daily treatment of illnesses. The popularity of Chinese medicine, particularly acupuncture, as a healing mechanism demonstrates American people's positive experience with Chinese medicine and their embracing it as an alternative to the mainstream Western biomedicine. Chinese medicine is an important part of the Alternative and Complementary Medicine or Integrated Medicine in the United States health system. It is increasingly used and covered by health insurance. Although Chinese medicine has been in the United States since colonial times, it was discriminated against by local authorities. However, things began to change in the 1970s when individual states gradually passed laws to legalize the practice of acupuncture as a healing mechanism. American public interest in Chinese medicine, particularly acupuncture, was aroused by the media's report of the "magic" power of acupuncture during President Nixon's visit to China. Non-Asians studied acupuncture in the following decades, which contributed to the establishment of acupuncture as a profession in the American health system. The history of Chinese medicine in the United States illustrates that Chinese and Asian immigrants promoted Chinese medicine in the communities, while Chinese American medical scientists who were trained in biomedicine played an important role in shaping the biomedical method of acupuncture research. This article investigates the changes of Chinese medicine in the United States, with a focus on acupuncture. Situating the discussion in a larger context of social and cultural changes, this study examines the contributions of Chinese immigrants and the popularity of acupuncture in the United States. It analyzes the development of acupuncture practice and research, the professional training in Chinese medicine, and American people's interest in using Chinese medicine as a reliable healing mechanism to many health problems, including chronic pain, cancer, and drug addictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After showing Jeeyon's tweet about the tiny person's campsite and a rich conversation about being resourced vs. being safe, we decided to make a tiny campsite, each of us, for someone impacted by the surge in anti-LGBTQIA2P laws and policies that were being debated, approved, and the site of much contestation over, quite simply, who get to be human. These critical policy classes departed sharply from similar courses that might include implications and suggestions from analyzing education policies for the interplay of power. We all had to analyze these policies in depth, and in keeping with a critical policy analysis class. I offered this rather unusual assignment soon after I was able to participate in an enlivening workshop led by outdoor educator and analog game designer, Jeeyon Shim. [Extracted from the article]

The article reports that the colonial historians of Latin American have made specific and sustained turns to the material, the environmental, and the animal over the last three decades. Topics include examines the Latin American historical archaeology with its attention to these same domains also came of age during this same period, with a genuine explosion in research on the colonial period over the past several decades in Mexico, the Caribbean, the Andes, the Cono Sur, and Brazil.

The commons has been adopted by Library Information Science (LIS) as a metaphor for transformational library spaces. However, post-colonial scholarship exposes the material violence and exclusionary practices that coincide(d) with commons-making in Europe and North America. When weighing such assessments against the traditional role of American libraries as mechanisms of colonial values, it becomes necessary for library professionals to critique their continued evocation of commons discourse from a perspective that centers on decolonization. Responding to this challenge, I historicize the commons as both an imagined ideology and an actual instrument of power to contextualize Indigenous and post-colonial assessments of commons-making in the settler colonial United States and dismantle taken-forgranted definitions of the commons. I then demonstrate how the history of the US public library has served to naturalize imagined commons-making projects. Finally, I use this discussion as a lens through which to analyze the commons discourse animating a selection of promotional literature published by urban public library commons spaces. Informed by the work of Eve Tuck and K. Wayne Yang, I will argue that LIS literature's fetishization of the commons to describe modernized urban library spaces reflects an idealized, future-oriented commons produced by the colonial consciousness that obscures the material reality of minority displacement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores how the Debt Recovery Act of 1732 led to a legal framework that favored creditors in the American colonies, which facilitated the growth of American capitalism through innovations that allowed them to reach land and slaves more easily.

The article discusses the implications of the change in colonial property rights for the American economy and its subsequent expansion, suggesting that secure property rights might inhibit economic development and proposing that the theory needs to be modified.

The article explores the scarcity of historians studying capitalism and evaluates Claire Priest's "Credit Nation: Property Laws and Institutions in Early America" for its contribution to legal-economic history by examining the transfer of land law from England to North America.

The article discusses the book "Credit Nation" by Claire Priest , which focuses on colonial entrepreneurship by mentioning the role of slavery in colonial commercial innovation, the balance between risk-taking and security for colonial entrepreneurs.

The article discusses the role of land in the early United States including the role of land speculators in the 18th century and the development of Manhattan real estate during John Jacob Astor's lifetime.

"The Puerto Rico Constitution" by Rafael Cox Alomar provides a comprehensive overview of the text and history of the constitutional document adopted in 1952. The book explores Puerto Rico's legal and constitutional history, emphasizing the island's colonial history and current situation. Cox Alomar analyzes the 1952 Constitution in the context of Puerto Rico's unique colonial condition, addressing the U.S. Supreme Court's decisions concerning Puerto Rico and the involvement of the U.S. Congress in Puerto Rico's self-government. The book also offers a provision-by-provision analysis of the Constitution, summarizing important decisions of the Puerto Rico Supreme Court. Overall, "The Puerto Rico Constitution" serves as a bridge between two worlds and facilitates a productive conversation about Puerto Rico's constitutional future. [Extracted from the article]

10 Garrison's history department colleague Lester Bugbee took up the call and began negotiating with the Bexar County Commissioners Court in San Antonio to have the considerable number of Spanish colonial records in their custody moved to the University of Texas in order to provide easy research access for historians. "Since Webb's major research interests transcended Texas", he wrote, "he never considered himself primarily a Texas historian", although most of his publications related in some fashion to the state and its history. This collection became the foundation of what would eventually become one of the most significant Latin American archival collections in the United States.11 Although he seldom used the term regionalism, Garrison's expansive view of Texas as something larger than a purely state-based definition of its history soon became apparent in the contents of the Quarterly. [Extracted from the article]

Federal officials in the early United States built an empire by purchase. But rather than hand over lump sums for Native lands, officials offered annual payments, or annuities. This article traces annuities' material evolution from payments in goods to high-powered money—especially specie—and their financial evolution from straightforward congressional outlays to interest accrued on investments held in trust. Annuities originated as devices that could permit territorial expansion within considerable military-fiscal constraints. But once in use, they became potent instruments of federal power, shoring up officials' capacity to intrude on Native economies, wrench further territorial transfers, and channel Indigenous wealth as capital for the very infrastructural projects that spread US settlement. Overall, annuities and the trust funds into which they evolved anchored a strategy of dispossession I call fiduciary colonialism: a mode of territorial acquisition and population management carried out through the expansion of administrative control over Native peoples' wealth. In the face of federal claims to financial superiority, Indigenous peoples did not wither into wardship. Rather, they engaged trusteeship with their own futures in mind, applying annuities and trusts toward social institutions that would allow their nations to survive the ordeal of dispossession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1706, local authorities institutionalized the Church of England in South Carolina hoping to bring Carolinian social practice into conformity with that of the metropole. Anglican missionaries worked to install religious instruction as a pillar of community identity in this contested space. Employing the specter of war and popery—and the associated fear of slave rebellion—helped ministers Samuel Thomas and Francis LeJau articulate a borderland-specific conception of race, place, and paternal responsibility in an aggressively expanding colony from 1701 to 1720. Utilizing correspondence surrounding the activities of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel (SPG), this article asserts that rather than serving as a link to English society, the Anglican missions of the SPG functioned as an ideological space for creating a distinct regional identity. Thomas and LeJau crafted a community-specific application of Anglican beliefs, working out their conceptions of religious practice concerning the threats presented by Spanish attempts to secure the loyalty of Yamasees Indians and enslaved Africans. Understanding how fear operated in the southeastern borderlands provides a nuanced understanding of how colonialism operated in the southern colonies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on committees of correspondence, groups formed roughly a decade previous to the American Revolution that used intercolonial communication to create newspaper articles, town halls, and street literature to spread their radicalized feeling against the British and to foster revolutionary support among those living in the colonies. This move was in protest to taxes and levies enacted after the French Indian War in which Great Britain attempted to recoup it's war expenses by the people in colonial America.

This article aims to expose the political and cultural processes that contributed to the eradication of problematic memories of the Italian colonial period during the national reconstruction following the Second World War. It offers a systematic examination of newsreels and documentaries about the Italian former colonies that were produced between 1946 and 1960, a film corpus that has largely been neglected by previous scholarship. The article first dissects the ambiguous political scenario that characterised the production of this footage through the study of original archival findings. The footage configured a particular form of self-exculpatory memory, which obstructed a thorough critique of the colonial period while articulating a new discourse about the future presence of Italy in the former colonies. This seems to be a case of aphasia rather than amnesia, insofar as the films addressed not an absence, but an inability to comprehend and articulate a critical discourse about the past. This aphasic configuration of colonial memories will be tackled through a close reading of the voice-over and commentary. In so doing, this work suggests that the footage actively contributed to spread un-problematised narratives and memories about the colonial period, whose results still infiltrate Italian contemporary society, politics and culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The power of assemblies in the British new world grew far beyond the bounds intended at their creation. Although the British crown instructed royal governors to use legal powers to restrain assemblies, they were unsuccessful. I develop a formal model to account for this. In this model colonial assemblies can challenge the agenda setting powers of colonial governors. "Strong" governors withstand these challenges easily; "weak" ones prefer to capitulate. The crown wishes to retain only strong governors; however, it observes only policy outcomes but not the resolution of challenges to the governor's agenda power. In equilibrium, the crown cannot distinguish between a strong governor holding agenda power against a tough assembly, and a weak governor conceding agenda power to a moderate one. Weak governors therefore avoid conflict with the assembly, yet conceal their weakness from the crown. But the assembly observes the governor's concessions, and challenges weak governors even more in the future. This creates a dynamic path of growing assembly power. The model provides a strategic logic of endogenous institutional change, and one of the most important institutional developments in American history: the growth of legislative power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The history of the Americas from the colonial period is marked by a large influx of persons from Europe and Africa. Fiction in 20th Century Latin America is marked by ties to the Chronicles and the history of human melding in the Americas, with a natural flow of social and religious syncretism that shapes the unique literary aesthetics of its literatures as may be witnessed in representative authors of genuine merit from different regions of Latin America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The connection between Hamilton and Judaism is traced to his mother Rachel Faucette's marriage to Johan Levine in St. Croix. Hamilton participated in establishing a government that condoned, supported, and promoted the theft of Native land and the buying and selling of human beings: the very antithesis of equality before the law. The two documented facts are that Rachel never gave up her married name and that Alexander Hamilton attended a Jewish school on Nevis. [Extracted from the article]

This essay introduces and prints for the first time Wilmot Vaughan's A Plan for the better Government of British America (1769). Vaughan authored this manuscript, currently held by the New-York Historical Society, while serving a single-year term on the Board of Trade. Vaughan believed that the imperial crisis would lead inexorably to an American revolution if Britain failed to radically alter the constitutional basis and institutional apparatus of its empire. To prevent such a revolt, he recommended thirty-seven distinct reforms, including the creation of a new "Kingdom of North America and the Isles," one governed by an American parliament and headed by an executive Lord Lieutenant lodged in a fortified Bostonian palace. Though some of Vaughan's recommendations were prescient, others reflect a complete misunderstanding of the mentality and politics of Britain's white North American colonists, particularly his prescriptions for Anglican establishments and Indigenous delegations to the new American parliament. A Plan for the better Government of British America reveals the limits of imagination and the extent of ignorance among Britain's imperialists as its American colonies hurdled toward rebellion in the 1760s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay proposes that we cannot write a history of Sanskrit studies without locating it in the settler colonial history of the United States. It provides examples of anti‐Black racism in the writings of early Sanskritists, and recommends that we understand them as Americans. It concludes by arguing for alternative minority histories in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the United States has experienced what appears to be a national reevaluation of traditional narratives concerning our identity and history. In the appendix, Ostler writes clearly about his hesitancy in using the term genocide, but in the end, he decided that he could not "escape the sense that genocide is an integral part of the history" (p. 386). [Extracted from the article]

The history of indentured migration to seventeenth-century English America relies heavily on a single body of sources known as the London record, a collection of contracts and registrations of servants who emigrated from the capital between 1683 and 1686. Of the original 1,000 contracts, 189 have long been considered to be missing. This article uses methods from the study of paperwork and print culture to demonstrate that Huntington Library item HM 1365 is one of those missing contracts. Read as a part of its parent collection, this indenture is evidence of how the writing and archiving of late seventeenth-century transatlantic service contracts functioned to constrain would-be servants' choices and protections during recruitment and servitude, while legitimizing new and exploitative practices in colonial labor relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the place of Plymouth Plantation in the history and historiography of the Atlantic world. Topics discussed include the significance of Plymouth in the national imaginary of the origins of the U.S., the connection of Plymouth with the Atlantic despite its image as a remote outpost, and the rivals of Plymouth in its own region including an outpost established by the Dutch in the Hudson River.

The article discusses the publication of Dutch-language imprints during colonial America. According to the article, publishers such as William Bradford and John Peter Zenger produced most of the Dutch-language books in colonial America, in addition to publishers Hugh Gaine, Henry Deforeest, and James Parker. The article states that almanacs comprised most of the printed Dutch books, followed by Dutch Reformed and Lutheran church catechisms, sermons, and tracts.