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11 results on '"Active jobs"'

1. Association between psychosocial working conditions in mid-life and leisure activity in old age.

Author

Nilsen, Charlotta, Andel, Ross, Agahi, Neda, Fritzell, Johan, and Kåreholt, Ingemar

Subjects
*WORK environment & psychology, *LEISURE, *WELL-being, *PATIENT aftercare, *SURVEYS, *PHYSICAL activity, *JOB involvement, *LOGISTIC regression analysis, *HEALTH promotion, *LONGITUDINAL method, *MIDDLE age
Abstract

Aims: Leisure activity helps people engage with life, and it promotes health and well-being as we age. This study investigated whether individuals with active jobs (high psychological demands, high control) in mid-life were more active during leisure time in old age compared with those with less active jobs. Methods: Two individually linked Swedish surveys were used (N =776) with 23 years of follow-up. Data were analysed with logistic regression. Results: Having an active job in mid-life was associated with greater engagement in intellectual/cultural, social and physical activity in old age, even when leisure activity in mid-life was taken into account. Conclusions: The results suggest that active jobs in mid-life may be replaced by active leisure during retirement. Active job conditions may promote engagement in society in old age, which in turn may have positive health consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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2. Psychosocial work environment and cross‐cultural competence among native and foreign‐born registered nurses.

Author

Wesołowska, Karolina, Elovainio, Marko, Gluschkoff, Kia, Hietapakka, Laura, Kaihlanen, Anu‐Marja, Lehtoaro, Salla, and Heponiemi, Tarja

Subjects
BIRTHPLACES, EMPATHY, HEALTH facilities, JOB stress, MOTIVATION (Psychology), NURSES, FOREIGN nurses, NURSING, QUESTIONNAIRES, RESEARCH funding, STATISTICAL sampling, MULTIPLE regression analysis, PSYCHOSOCIAL factors, POSITIVE psychology, CULTURAL competence, DESCRIPTIVE statistics
Abstract

Cross‐cultural competence is an essential component of the nursing profession, but little is known about the specific psychosocial work characteristics that potentially promote or hinder such competence. In the present study, psychosocial work characteristics were based on Karasek's Job Demand—Control Model. The researchers examined whether Karasek's psychosocial work characteristics, such as high‐strain jobs, high‐strain isolated jobs, active jobs, and active collective jobs, are associated with cross‐cultural competence (empathy, skills, positive attitudes, and motivation), and whether there are differences between native and foreign‐born registered nurses (RN) in these potential associations. A random sample of 744 native RNs (91.0% women) and a total sample (n = 212) of foreign‐born RNs (94.3% women) working in Finland were used. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed with a series of multiple linear regression analyses. High‐strain and high‐strain isolated jobs were negatively associated with all four dimensions of cross‐cultural competence. Active collective jobs, but not active jobs, were positively associated with cross‐cultural skills. There were no differences between native and migrant nurses in these associations. The psychosocial work environment is associated with cross‐cultural competence in both native and migrant nurses. Improvements in psychosocial working conditions, especially minimizing negative factors in the work environment, such as high‐strain and high‐strain isolated jobs, may need to be considered as a part of the efforts aimed to enhance cross‐cultural competence among nursing personnel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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3. Job Crafting: Autonomy and workload as antecedents and the willingness to continue working until retirement age as a positive outcome.

Author

VANBELLE, ELS, VAN DEN BROECK, ANJA, and DE WITTE, HANS

Subjects
INDUSTRIAL psychology, ORGANIZATIONAL sociology, WORK environment, RETIREMENT age, ATTITUDES toward work
Abstract

This study focuses on job crafting and explores autonomy and workload as antecedents and the willingness to continue working until retirement age as a positive outcome of job crafting in a population of employees aged between 45 and 65 years. We define job crafting as making changes in one’s job in order to optimize one’s functioning in terms of wellbeing, work-related attitudes or behaviour. Building on the selective optimization compensation theory, we expect job crafting to be a successful aging strategy which enhances the willingness to continue working. Furthermore, starting from the activation hypothesis of Karasek, we expect that employees in active jobs (i.e., a combination of high autonomy and workload) will craft their jobs to a higher extent. Results among 1168 governmental employees generally confirmed our hypotheses. An active work environment, in terms of high autonomy and high workload associated indirectly with an enhanced willingness to continue working via job crafting. Results and steps forward are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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4. The Role of Executive Function in the Effectiveness of Multi-Component Interventions Targeting Physical Activity Behavior in Office Workers

Author

Wang, Rui, Blom, Victoria, Nooijen, Carla F. J., Kallings, Lena, Ekblom, Örjan, and Ekblom, Maria M.

Subjects
self-regulation, health promotion, Idrottsvetenskap, physical activity, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, job demands, executive function, sedentary behavior, active jobs, Medicine, job control, Sport and Fitness Sciences
Abstract

A knowledge gap remains in understanding how to improve the intervention effectiveness in office workers targeting physically active (PA) behavior. We aim to identify the modifying effect of executive function (EF) on the intervention effectiveness targeting PA-behaviors, and to verify whether the observed effect varies by Job Demand Control (JDC) categories. This workplace-based intervention study included 245 participants who were randomized into a control group and two intervention arms—promoting physical activity (iPA) group or reducing sedentary behavior (iSED) group. The interventions were conducted through counselling-based cognitive behavioral therapy and team activities over 6 months. PA-behaviors were measured by an accelerometer. EF was assessed by the Trail Making Test-B, Stroop, and n-back test. The JDC categories were measured by the demand control questionnaire. Higher EF level at baseline was significantly associated with the intervention effect on increased sleep time (β-coefficient: 3.33, p = 0.003) and decreased sedentary time (−2.76, p = 0.049) in the iSED-group. Participants with active jobs (high job demands, high control) presented significantly increased light-intensity PA in the iSED-group in comparison to the control group. Among participants with a high level of EF and active jobs, relative to the control group, the iPA-group showed a substantial increase in light-intensity PA (1.58, p = 0.036) and the iSED-group showed a tendency of reducing sedentary behavior (−5.35, p = 0.054). The findings suggest that office workers with a high EF and active jobs may benefit most from an intervention study targeting PA-behaviors.

Published
2022

5. The Role of Executive Function in the Effectiveness of Multi-Component Interventions Targeting Physical Activity Behavior in Office Workers

Author

Ekblom, Rui Wang, Victoria Blom, Carla F. J. Nooijen, Lena V. Kallings, Örjan Ekblom, and Maria M.

Subjects
physical activity, sedentary behavior, executive function, job control, job demands, active jobs, self-regulation, health promotion
Abstract

A knowledge gap remains in understanding how to improve the intervention effectiveness in office workers targeting physically active (PA) behavior. We aim to identify the modifying effect of executive function (EF) on the intervention effectiveness targeting PA-behaviors, and to verify whether the observed effect varies by Job Demand Control (JDC) categories. This workplace-based intervention study included 245 participants who were randomized into a control group and two intervention arms—promoting physical activity (iPA) group or reducing sedentary behavior (iSED) group. The interventions were conducted through counselling-based cognitive behavioral therapy and team activities over 6 months. PA-behaviors were measured by an accelerometer. EF was assessed by the Trail Making Test-B, Stroop, and n-back test. The JDC categories were measured by the demand control questionnaire. Higher EF level at baseline was significantly associated with the intervention effect on increased sleep time (β-coefficient: 3.33, p = 0.003) and decreased sedentary time (−2.76, p = 0.049) in the iSED-group. Participants with active jobs (high job demands, high control) presented significantly increased light-intensity PA in the iSED-group in comparison to the control group. Among participants with a high level of EF and active jobs, relative to the control group, the iPA-group showed a substantial increase in light-intensity PA (1.58, p = 0.036) and the iSED-group showed a tendency of reducing sedentary behavior (−5.35, p = 0.054). The findings suggest that office workers with a high EF and active jobs may benefit most from an intervention study targeting PA-behaviors.

Published
2021
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6. The Role of Executive Function in the Effectiveness of Multi-Component Interventions Targeting Physical Activity Behavior in Office Workers

Author

Rui, Wang, Victoria, Blom, Carla F J, Nooijen, Lena V, Kallings, Örjan, Ekblom, and Maria M, Ekblom

Subjects
self-regulation, health promotion, physical activity, Article, Executive Function, job demands, executive function, sedentary behavior, active jobs, Humans, Occupations, Sedentary Behavior, Workplace, Exercise, job control
Abstract

A knowledge gap remains in understanding how to improve the intervention effectiveness in office workers targeting physically active (PA) behavior. We aim to identify the modifying effect of executive function (EF) on the intervention effectiveness targeting PA-behaviors, and to verify whether the observed effect varies by Job Demand Control (JDC) categories. This workplace-based intervention study included 245 participants who were randomized into a control group and two intervention arms—promoting physical activity (iPA) group or reducing sedentary behavior (iSED) group. The interventions were conducted through counselling-based cognitive behavioral therapy and team activities over 6 months. PA-behaviors were measured by an accelerometer. EF was assessed by the Trail Making Test-B, Stroop, and n-back test. The JDC categories were measured by the demand control questionnaire. Higher EF level at baseline was significantly associated with the intervention effect on increased sleep time (β-coefficient: 3.33, p = 0.003) and decreased sedentary time (−2.76, p = 0.049) in the iSED-group. Participants with active jobs (high job demands, high control) presented significantly increased light-intensity PA in the iSED-group in comparison to the control group. Among participants with a high level of EF and active jobs, relative to the control group, the iPA-group showed a substantial increase in light-intensity PA (1.58, p = 0.036) and the iSED-group showed a tendency of reducing sedentary behavior (−5.35, p = 0.054). The findings suggest that office workers with a high EF and active jobs may benefit most from an intervention study targeting PA-behaviors.

Published
2021

7. Crafting a job on a daily basis: Contextual correlates and the link to work engagement.

Author

Petrou, Paraskevas, Demerouti, Evangelia, Peeters, Maria C. W., Schaufeli, Wilmar B., and Hetland, Jørn

Subjects
JOB satisfaction, ENGAGEMENT (Philosophy), STATISTICAL correlation, EMPLOYEE motivation, MULTILEVEL models, FACTOR structure, AUTONOMY (Psychology), CRONBACH'S alpha, QUESTIONNAIRES, LIKERT scale
Abstract

This study focused on daily job crafting and explored its contextual determinants and one motivational outcome (i.e., work engagement). Job crafting was conceptualized as 'seeking resources,' 'seeking challenges,' and 'reducing demands.' Participants were 95 employees from several organizations who completed a 5-day diary survey. As hypothesized, we found a 3-factor structure for the job crafting instrument, both at the general and day levels. We hypothesized and found that the combination of high day-level work pressure and high day-level autonomy (active jobs) was associated with higher day-level seeking resources and lower day-level reducing demands. Furthermore, we found that day-level seeking challenges (but not resources) was positively associated with day-level work engagement, whereas day-level reducing demands was negatively associated with day-level work engagement. Findings suggest that job crafting is a daily employee behavior with implications for management practice and future research. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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8. Who reported having a high-strain job, low strain job, active job and passive job? The WIRUS screening study

Author

Randi Wågø Aas, Mikkel Magnus Thørrisen, Jens Christoffer Skogen, and Tore Bonsaksen

Subjects
Male, Economics, Cross-sectional study, Social Sciences, Logistic regression, Low strain jobs, Geographical Locations, Shift work, Occupational Stress, Mathematical and Statistical Techniques, 0302 clinical medicine, Sociology, active job, Surveys and Questionnaires, Passive jobs, 030212 general & internal medicine, Workplace, Active jobs, Latitude, Schools, Job descriptors, Multidisciplinary, Geography, Norway, Statistics, Age Factors, Middle Aged, 030210 environmental & occupational health, WIRUS, Occupational Diseases, Europe, Work (electrical), low-strain job, Physical Sciences, language, Medicine, Educational Status, Regression Analysis, Female, Psychology, passive job, Research Article, Adult, Employment, Cartography, Adolescent, Science, sociodemographic factors, Control (management), Workload, Jobs, Norwegian, Research and Analysis Methods, Education, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, Humans, high-strain job, Occupations, Statistical Methods, Educational Attainment, Aged, Medical disciplines: 700 [VDP], High strain jobs, Sociodemographic factors, arbeidsliv, language.human_language, Educational attainment, Cross-Sectional Studies, Age Groups, Labor Economics, People and Places, Earth Sciences, WIRUS screening, Population Groupings, Demographic economics, Mathematics
Abstract

Objective. The Job Demands and Control model classifies job types as active, passive, low-strain or high-strain, based on a combination of job demands and control. While studies have shown high-strain jobs to have adverse consequences for health and work participation, prognostic factors for the four job types have been less explored. The aim of this study was to assess the associations between sociodemographic factors and job descriptors and being in high-strain, low-strain, active and passive jobs. Methods. The WIRUS Screening study targeted Norwegian employees in private and public enterprises. In this study, associations with job types among 4,487 employees were investigated with binary logistic regression analyses, adjusting for sociodemographic and job-related variables. Results. In fully adjusted models, high-strain job was associated with female gender; lower education; shift work; and doing work outside the workplace. Low-strain job was associated with opposite scores on the same variables, and with lower job position. Active job was associated with lower age; female gender; higher levels of education; higher job position level; shift work; and not doing work outside the workplace. Passive job was associated with opposite scores on the same variables. Conclusions. The study corroborates the role gender and education have for experiencing the job, and expands on existing knowledge on the role of job position and irregular working hours and spaces. By identifying factors associated with job types, the prevention of health problems and work disability may become be more targeted. The Norwegian Directorate of Health and the Research Council of Norway funded the study.

Published
2019

9. The Role of Executive Function in the Effectiveness of Multi-Component Interventions Targeting Physical Activity Behavior in Office Workers.

Author

Wang R, Blom V, Nooijen CFJ, Kallings LV, Ekblom Ö, and Ekblom MM

Subjects
Exercise, Humans, Occupations, Workplace, Executive Function, Sedentary Behavior
Abstract

A knowledge gap remains in understanding how to improve the intervention effectiveness in office workers targeting physically active (PA) behavior. We aim to identify the modifying effect of executive function (EF) on the intervention effectiveness targeting PA-behaviors, and to verify whether the observed effect varies by Job Demand Control (JDC) categories. This workplace-based intervention study included 245 participants who were randomized into a control group and two intervention arms-promoting physical activity (iPA) group or reducing sedentary behavior (iSED) group. The interventions were conducted through counselling-based cognitive behavioral therapy and team activities over 6 months. PA-behaviors were measured by an accelerometer. EF was assessed by the Trail Making Test-B, Stroop, and n-back test. The JDC categories were measured by the demand control questionnaire. Higher EF level at baseline was significantly associated with the intervention effect on increased sleep time (β-coefficient: 3.33, p = 0.003) and decreased sedentary time (-2.76, p = 0.049) in the iSED-group. Participants with active jobs (high job demands, high control) presented significantly increased light-intensity PA in the iSED-group in comparison to the control group. Among participants with a high level of EF and active jobs, relative to the control group, the iPA-group showed a substantial increase in light-intensity PA (1.58, p = 0.036) and the iSED-group showed a tendency of reducing sedentary behavior (-5.35, p = 0.054). The findings suggest that office workers with a high EF and active jobs may benefit most from an intervention study targeting PA-behaviors.

Published
2021
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10. Do psychosocial working conditions contribute to healthy and active aging? studies of mortality, late-life health, and leisure

Author

Nilsen, Charlotta and Nilsen, Charlotta

Abstract

The growing demographic challenge posed by an aging population makes finding predictors of health in old age increasingly important. This thesis investigated long-term associations between midlife psychosocial working conditions and late-life health and leisure and examined whether sense of coherence in midlife modified the association between psychosocial working conditions and all-cause mortality. The studies were based on individually linked data from the Swedish Cause of Death Register and two Swedish longitudinal surveys, the Level of Living Survey (LNU) and the Swedish Panel Study of Living Conditions of the Oldest Old (SWEOLD). The results of Study I and Study II suggest that self-reported adverse psychosocial working conditions in late midlife, especially low job control, high strain, or passive jobs, were associated with complex health problems and limitations in physical functioning 20-24 years later. However, women and men seemed to be vulnerable to different self-reported psychosocial working conditions. High job strain (high psychological demands and low control) was more negative for women than men. Passive jobs (low psychological demands and low control) were negative for men but not for women. The results of Study III suggest that a weak sense of coherence magnified the association between occupation-based (measured with a job exposure matrix) high job strain in midlife and mortality in women and men and self-reported passive jobs in midlife and mortality in men. The results of Study IV suggest that occupation-based active jobs (high psychological demands and high control) in midlife were associated with physical, social, and intellectual/cultural activity 23 years later in women and men. In summary, the results underscore the importance of psychosocial working conditions in midlife for health, physical functioning, and leisure activity after retirement²and thus for healthy and active aging. It is therefore important to reduce stress at work but at t

Published
2017

11. Why job autonomy matters for young companies' performance: company maturity as a moderator between job autonomy and company performance

Author

Preenen, P.T.Y., Howaldt, J., Oeij, P.R.A., Dhondt, S., Kraan, K.O., and Jansen, E.

Subjects
Young firms, Workplace innovation, Job autonomy, Work and Employment, Company maturity, Company performance growth, Company age, The Netherlands, Firm performance, SP - Sustainable Productivity and Employability, Decision latitude, Work autonomy, Life, Company profit, ELSS - Earth, Life and Social Sciences, Workplace, Company revenue, Healthy Living, Active jobs
Abstract

Although the positive impact of job autonomy has been widely shown for individual-level employee outcomes, research on job autonomy and company-level outcomes has been surprisingly scarce. Therefore, among 3,311 companies in the Netherlands, we investigate the relationship between employees' job autonomy and company performance growth (revenue, profit). Moreover, we investigate the moderating effect of company maturity (young vs. older companies) in this relationship. Results indicate that job autonomy is positively related to growth of company revenue and this relationship is stronger for young companies. Job autonomy was positively related to company profit but only for young companies. These results suggest that it is important for young companies especially, to provide their employees with job autonomy and its supporting practices. Implications for theory and practice will be discussed.

Published
2016

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