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Abstract Colombia is a tropical country with a rich fern flora. The Quindío Department is in an area which is undergoing significant environmental changes due to anthropogenic activities, such as coffee cultivation. Gleicheniaceae, a family of pioneer ferns, is known for preferentially occupying open, sunny, and disturbed habitats, such as roadsides. Our study aimed to conduct a taxonomic treatment of the Gleicheniaceae species in the Quindío Department in Colombia. Our results revealed the presence of 10 species distributed in four genera, with the Sticherus genus accounting for most of the species (seven in total). Notably, a new record of Sticherus (S. brevitomentosus) was found for Colombia, indicating the potential for the discovery of additional species in future studies. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that 42% of the 24 species reported in the Andean region were present in the Quindío Department, and Calarcá and Salento were the municipalities with the highest diversity. We have provided taxonomic descriptions for the genera and species, as well as an identification key, maps, images, and comments on the taxonomy and distribution of the species.

ABSTRACT We discuss the importance of fern and lycophyte species in the Atlantic Forest ecosystem as well as the need for floristic inventories to understand their distribution and conservation status. We focus on the Serra do Papagaio region in southeastern Brazil, which is known for its high plant diversity but lacks comprehensive inventories of ferns and lycophytes. In this study, we conducted a floristic inventory of Serra do Papagaio and identified 172 fern and 29 lycophyte species. Our findings reveal 21 threatened species and two new records for Minas Gerais State. Additionally, we compared the floristic composition of Serra do Papagaio with that of other areas within the Atlantic Forest using non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and generalized dissimilarity modeling (GDM) analyses. The results highlight distinct clusters of areas based on elevation and geographic location. We emphasize the need for further sampling and conservation efforts in Serra do Papagaio as well as provide valuable insights into the drivers of fern and lycophyte diversity in the Atlantic Forest.

Abstract In order to contribute to the study of the fern flora of the state of Pernambuco, we provide a synopsis of the genus Serpocaulon (Polypodiaceae) for Pernambuco. The three main herbaria in the state (IPA, PEUFR, and UFP) and herbaria of national reference (BHCB, RB, and SP) were visited, and online databases were consulted. Field expeditions were carried out in the different phytogeographic zones of the state. Descriptions, diagnostic illustrations, a key to species identification, taxonomic comments, and the geographic distribution of the species in the state are presented. Five species were recorded: Serpocaulon catharinae, S. menisciifolium, S. polystichum, S. richardii, and S. triseriale. They occur from sea level up to 1100 m. All species were recorded in Atlantic Forest, and S. triseriale was also found in Caatinga. The occurrence of S. polystichum and S. richardii in Pernambuco are being confirmed in this study. Additionally, the northern distribution limit of the species S. catharinae and S. menisciifolium is recorded in this state.

ABSTRACT We describe a new species of Blechnum from Mato Grosso, Brazil: Blechnum rivulorum sp. nov. This new species was discovered as a result of visits to the herbaria BM, K, P, PR, and S, as part of the Reflora Project, by the first author. We also indicate its position in a new Blechnum phylogeny. Additionally, we confirm the occurrence of Blechnum meridense Klotzsch in Brazil and provide an updated key to all species of Blechnum in the country.

Brazilian protected areas are essential for the conservation of plants of the Atlantic Forest domain, one of 36 global biodiversity hotspots. A major challenge for improving conservation actions is to know the richness of plants protected by these areas. Online databases offer an accessible way to build plant species lists and to provide relevant information about biodiversity. A list of land plants of “Parque Nacional do Caparaó” (PNC) was previously built using online databases and published on the website "Catálogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservação do Brasil." Here, we provide and discuss additional information about plant species richness, endemism, and conservation in the PNC that could not be included in the list. We documented 1,791 species of land plants as occurring in PNC, of which 63 are cited as threatened (CR, EN, or VU) by the Brazilian National Red List, seven as data deficient (DD), and five as priorities for conservation."Parque Nacional do Caparaó" houses 8% of the land plant species endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, including 6% of its angiosperms, 31% of its lycophytes and ferns, and 14% of its avascular plants. Twelve percent of the threatened species listed for the state of Espírito Santo and 7% listed for the state of Minas Gerais are also protected by PNC. Surprisingly, 79% of the collections analyzed here were carried out in Minas Gerais, which represents just 21% of the total extension of the park. The compiled data uncover a huge botanical collection gap in this federally protected area.

This is the first voucher-based record of Selaginella conduplicata Spring in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and the Brazilian Northeast. This species was considered restricted to the Amazon Basin, and here we report its occurrence beyond the Amazonian limits, expanding its distribution. Illustrations of the diagnostic characters of the species, information of geographic distribution and conservation status are presented. Besides, we present description as well as taxonomic and nomenclatural comments.

Abstract Studies concerning the cytogenetics of Gleicheniaceae have been scarce, especially those employing evolutionary approaches. Two chromosome number evolutionary models have been hypothesized for Gleicheniaceae. One proposes that ancestral haploid numbers were small and that the chromosome numbers of extant species evolved through polyploidy. The other model proposes that, at the genus level, fern chromosome evolution occurred from ancestors with essentially the same high chromosome numbers seen in living lineages. Neither of those hypotheses has been tested based on phylogenetic frameworks. We sought to (i) present the state of the art of Gleicheniaceae chromosome numbers; (ii) test the two evolutionary models of chromosome numbers within a phylogenetic framework; (iii) test correlations between DNA contents and chromosome numbers in the family. We report here DNA C-values for five species, which increases the number of investigated taxa nearly twofold and report two new genera records. Ancestral state chromosome reconstruction corroborates the hypothesis that ancestral chromosome numbers in Gleicheniaceae were as high as those of extant lineages. Our results demonstrate the possible role of dysploidy in the evolutionary chromosome history of Gleicheniaceae at the genus level and suggest that the relationship between chromosome number and DNA content does not appear to be linear.

Serpocaulon triseriale (Sw.) A.R. Sm. is considered the most widespread species in the genus. It has been recorded from south of Mexico to Bolivia, Paraguay and Brazil. Here, we expand its distribution by reporting a new record from Salta province, Argentina, based on material that was previously misidentified as S. polystichum (Link) A.R. Sm. We compare the S. triseriale and S. polystichum with their relatives (S. attenuatum (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) A.R. Sm., and S. rex Schwartsb. & A.R. Sm.), providing photographs of the plants in the field, SEM images of the spores and light photos of the rhizome scales to discriminate S. rex from S. triseriale. In addition, distributional records are included.

Polypodiaceae is one of the most diverse and abundant families of ferns in tropical and subtropical forests. Despite multiple studies investigating its phylogeny and taxonomy, several generic boundaries within the family still need clarification. One of the most problematic circumscriptions is that of Polypodium L., and one species that still contributes to this uncertainty is Polypodium chrysolepis Hook. The main goal of this study was to use molecular and morphological data to clarify the relationships of P. chrysolepis inside the polygrammoid clade. Sequences from three plastid regions (cpDNA – rbcL, rps4 and rps4–trnS IGS) from fifty species belonging to thirty-two genera of Polypodiaceae were analyzed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. Polypodium chrysolepis constitutes an isolated lineage among the neotropical polygrammoid ferns, close to Serpocaulon and the grammitids, and is recognized here in a new genus. It can be distinguished by its entire leaves with free veins and peltate, pedicellate, lanceolate paraphyses. A new combination, Adetogramma chrysolepis, is proposed and a new taxonomic treatment is presented; its conservation status was assessed using IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.

We present a list of vascular plants found in Legado das Águas, Reserva Votorantim, a private reserve having an area of approximately 35,000 ha that spans the municipalities of Tapiraí, Miracatú, and Juquiá, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The reserve is part of a complex of state-protected areas including Alto Ribeira Touristic State Park, Intervales State Park , Carlos Botelho State Park, Jurupará State Park, and Serra do Mar State Park. Together, these form an important and large area of continuous and well-preserved forest. Our study, which involved two main floristic surveys in March/April 2013 and April 2014, recorded 768 species, representing 131 families and 432 genera. The majority of species were angiosperms (619) representing 106 families and 370 genera. There were also two species of gymnosperms belonging to two genera in separate families; 147 species of ferns and lycophytes belonging to 23 families and 60 genera. In demonstrating the presence of almost 800 species of plants, of which 16 are threatened, our study highlights the importance of floristic surveys and the critical role of private protected areas in managing and preserving native flora.

Resumo Este estudo trata os táxons das famílias Athyriaceae, Lomariopsidaceae, Metaxyaceae e Saccolomataceae (Polypodiopsida) encontrados nas formações de Floresta Ombrófila Densa circunvizinhas às formações de canga da Serra dos Carajás, estado do Pará, e conta com descrições, imagens, distribuição e comentários. Na área de estudo foram registradas oito espécies distribuídas em cinco gêneros.

Selaginella P. Beauv. is the only genus in the family Selaginellaceae Willk. The genus is monophyletic, has a cosmopolitan distribution, contains about 750 species and can be characterized by the presence of rhizophores, leaves, a ligule, heterospory and adaxial, reniform sporangia. Twenty species were found in the study area: Selaginella alstonii, S. contigua, S. convoluta, S. decomposita, S. erectifolia, S. erythropus, S. flexuosa, S. jungermannioides, S. macrostachya, S. marginata, S. microphylla, S. muscosa, S. producta, S. sellowii, S. sematophylla, S. suavis, S. sulcata, S. tenella, S. tenuissima and S. vestiens. Two new species records for the state are presented (S. jungermannioides and S. tenella). We present descriptions of the genus and species, an identification key, the synonyms pertaining to Brazil, illustrations, and comments about the taxonomy and distribution of species in Brazil.

This study surveyed lycophyte and fern species in four forest fragments in western Paraná, Brazil, and compared them to 15 other fragments with different plant formations from the Atlantic Forest biome in southern Brazil. In total, five lycophyte species (in two families and two genera) and 98 species and two varieties of ferns (in 16 families and 38 genera) were registered in the four fragments. The most represented families were Pteridaceae (23 spp.), Polypodiaceae (18 spp.), Aspleniaceae (13 spp.), and Thelypteridaceae (11 spp.). Asplenium (12 spp.), Thelypteris (10 spp.), and Blechnum (seven spp.) were among the most represented genera. The occurrence of Dicksonia sellowiana was noteworthy because it was associated with seasonal semideciduous forest and is threatened in Brazil. Similarity among areas was determined by a cluster analysis (UPGMA and Sørensen’s index) and the relation between similarity and geographic distance was determined through Matel’s analysis. The analyses revealed greater similarity among the four study areas and, for these areas as a whole, greater similarity to fragments in Rio Grande do Sul, which is evidence that these areas have similar environmental conditions.

We describe seven new species of Selaginella subg. Stachygynandrum (S. alstonii, S. blepharodella, S. crinita, S. mucronata, S. mucugensis, S. saltuicola, and S. sematophylla) from Brazil and discuss their possible affinities and conservation status. Scanning electron micrographs of stem sections, leaves, and spores are provided to illustrate the new taxa. In Selaginella alstonii and S. saltuicola vegetative growth from strobilus tips is reported and discussed. Four of the new species are from the Espinhaço Mountain Range associated with Campos Rupestres (montane savannah/rocky fields) vegetation. Three of these (i.e., Selaginella blepharodella, S. crinita, and S. mucugensis) were collected in the northern part of the range in Chapada Diamantina, state of Bahia, while S. alstonii is from the southern part of the range in the state of Minas Gerais. Selaginella mucronata is found in Atlantic Rainforest vegetation in the state of Espírito Santo, whereas S. saltuicola inhabits Cerrado (tropical savannah) vegetation in the state of Mato Grosso. Selaginella sematophylla is the most widely distributed of the new species and was collected in Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, and Rio de Janeiro states in Campos Rupestres and Atlantic Rainforest vegetation. Selaginella alstonii occurs in rocky caves, S. blepharodella, S. crinita, S. mucugensis, and S. sematophylla seem adapted to seasonally dry places, living on sandy or humid soils, S. mucronata occupies humid, forest understory, and S. saltuicola is adapted to wet places associated with rocks or logs in waterfalls. Of the seven new species, six are considered local endemics (except for S. sematophylla) because of their restricted currently known distributions to one or two localities within a single state in Brazil. Additionally, we propose new synonymy for S. palmiformis (syn. = S. bahiensis subsp. manausensis, ≡ S. manausensis) and S. vestiens (syn. = S. fragillima); the last species is endemic to Brazil, recorded in the states of Goiás and Minas Gerais. Finally, based on literature discussed and this study, we conclude that the number of well-documented Brazilian Selaginella species is 61, of which 58 are native and three introduced and naturalized. These statistics are likely to change with further work on Selaginella from Brazil.

Thirteen fern species are reported for the first time for Brazil. Among the new records, eight are from Acre state (Cyathea subincisa, Cyclodium trianae, Elaphoglossum stenophyllum, Hypoderris brauniana, Pleopeltis stolzei, Thelypteris arcana, Thelypteris comosa, Thelypteris valdepilosa), two are from Pará state (Polypodium flagellare, Tectaria heracleifolia), one from Minas Gerais state (Alsophila salvinii), one from Ceará state (Campyloneurum costatum) and one from Bahia state (Thelypteris rolandii). Part of the species shows a disjunct occurrence or illustrates floristic relations between Brazilian and Andean Mountains or Central American Mountains.

Descreve-se o perfil de 40 propriedades rurais com pastagens invadidas por Pteridium arachnoideum na região norte de Mato Grosso, bem como a prevalência de hematúria enzoótica bovina (HEB) em bovinos de leite e corte nessa região. A HEB foi observada em 15/40 propriedades com prevalências variando entre 0,8 e 16,6%. Aspectos relacionados à implantação das pastagens e manejos utilizados foram discutidos. A maior parte das propriedades que apresentaram HEB possuíam pastagens altamente invadidas pela planta, enquanto que a maioria das propriedades que nunca apresentaram animais acometidos por HEB possuíam pastos com áreas invadidas abaixo de 10%. O desmatamento e a utilização de queimada foram fatores determinantes na invasão de piquetes por P. arachnoidem.

We conducted a floristic survey of lycophytes and monilophytes in Rio Preto State Park, located in the municipality of São Gonçalo do Rio Preto, and in the surrounding areas, including the municipality of Felício dos Santos, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The study area is within the Espinhaço Mountain Range. Collections were made from June 1999 to August 2008, and the specimens were deposited in the Herbarium of the Federal University of Minas Gerais. Were identified 188 taxa (185 species, one subspecies and two varieties), distributed among 20 families and 60 genera. The most representative families were Polypodiaceae, with 35 species; Pteridaceae, with 24 species; Dryopteridaceae, with 23 species; Hymenophyllaceae, with 17 species; and Lycopodiaceae, with 13 species and one variety. The most species-rich genera were Elaphoglossum (n = 19), Asplenium (n = 12), Blechnum (n = 10) and Thelypteris (n = 9). Of the taxa recorded, nine are endangered species. Here we present a taxa checklist for the studied area, data regarding growth habit and vegetation type for each species, as well as comparative analyses between Rio Preto State Park and other areas within the Espinhaço Range and the Atlantic Forest, in terms of species composition.

ABSTRACT Estimating species richness with herbarium data and new collections allows us to understand the distribution of diversity. We investigated the accuracy of lycophyte and fern sampling along a vegetation gradient in the subtropical Atlantic Forest in southern Brazil. We compiled lycophyte and fern collection metadata and estimated species richness and assessed sampling accuracy for sixty 50 x 50 km units using ACE, Chao 1, Chao 2, Jackknife 1 and Jackknife 2 estimators. We compiled data for 12,779 fern specimens of 441 species, 67 of which were sampled in only one unit (singletons) and 35 in two units (duplicates). Of the 60 units examined, only 11 had observed values that were above 70% of their estimated values, and 14 had observed levels between 65-70% of the estimated values, meaning that 35 units had a sampling accuracy of less than 65%. In spite of the long history of lycophyte and fern collecting in the study area, there remain units with a lower than expected sampling accuracy for a subtropical forest. This finding indicates that a sizeable collection effort is needed in order to discover the actual distribution of species before the effects of fragmentation and deforestation become permanent.

Uma das unidades federativas com melhor conhecimento de sua flora, Santa Catarina é o primeiro estado a concluir o Inventário Florístico Florestal na atualidade. Coberto por Floresta Ombrófila Densa, Floresta Ombrófila Mista, Floresta Estacional Decidual e formações associadas, possui grande riqueza de espécies. Este trabalho visa apresentar as espécies de pteridófitas coletadas nas 563 unidades amostrais visitadas. Ao todo 324 espécies foram registradas, das quais 300 são samambaias e 24, licófitas. Estas pertencem a 29 famílias e 94 gêneros, sendo as famílias com maior riqueza específica Polypodiaceae (48 espécies), Pteridaceae (42) e Dryopteridaceae (38). Os gêneros com maior diversidade de espécies foram Asplenium e Thelypteris, com 27 espécies, seguido por Blechnum com 15. Destacam-se ainda 75 espécies consideradas endêmicas para o bioma. 18 registros novos para a flora de Santa Catarina foram feitos. A distribuição por região fitoecológica é a que segue: 288 espécies para a Floresta Ombrófila Densa (128 exclusivas desta região fitoecológica), 177 para a Floresta Ombrófila Mista (30 exclusivas) e 57 para a Floresta Estacional Decidual (três exclusivas). Foram registradas ainda 17 espécies para a restinga. Destaca-se a importância do registro de Asplenium lacinulatum, espécie coletada em área de intensa exploração imobiliária e novo registro para Santa Catarina e Alansmia senilis primeiro registro para o Sul do Brasil.Santa Catarina is the first Brazilian state to complete its Forest and Floristic Inventory, and is considered one of the states with a well-known flora. This region is covered by evergreen tropical rain forest, Araucaria forest, seasonal deciduous forest and associated ecosystems, and shows high species richness. This paper presents a list of ferns collected in 563 sampling units. Altogether, 324 species were recorded (300 ferns and 24 lycophytes), which belong to 29 families and 94 genera. The most diverse families are Polypodiaceae (49 species), Pteridaceae (42), and Dryopteridaceae (38). Asplenium and Thelypteris are the most diverse genera, with 27 species each, followed by Blechnum (15). Of importance, too, are the 75 species considered endemic to the biome. Eighteen new records for the flora of Santa Catarina were made. The distribution of species according to the vegetation type is the following: 288 species occur in evergreen tropical rainforest (of which 128 are exclusive to this vegetation type); 177 species in Araucaria forest (30 exclusively) and 57 species in seasonal deciduous forest (3 exclusively). In addition, 17 species were recorded for restinga. A collection of Asplenium lacinulatum, from an area of intense development, is first record for Santa Catarina, and another of Alansmia senilis is the first record for the South Region of Brazil.

Este trabalho apresenta uma lista de espécies de pteridófitas que ocorrem na Serra Negra, Minas Gerais. A serra está inserida no complexo da Serra da Mantiqueira situada entre Rio Preto, Lima Duarte, Santa Bárbara do Monte Verde e Olaria, tendo seus limites nos pontos 21º58'11"S 43º53'21" W, 22º01'46,4" S 43º52'31,5" W, 21º58'21,4" S 43º50'06,5" W e 21º58'53" S 43º56'08" W. A vegetação da serra é formada por um mosaico de fitofisionomias, sendo encontradas formações florestais (florestas ombrófilas e semidecíduas) e campestres (campos rupestres). O inventário florístico foi realizado entre os anos de 2003 e 2008, em excursões mensais para coleta de amostras e registro de dados. Na serra foram registradas 209 táxons infragenéricos distribuídas em 24 famílias e 75 gêneros. As famílias com maior número de espécies foram Polypodiaceae (40), Dryopteridaceae (33) e Pteridaceae (25). A maioria das espécies (109) foi encontrada ocorrendo exclusivamente no interior de floresta. Em relação ao hábito, 69 espécies foram encontradas exclusivamente como terrestres, 37 como rupícolas ou terrestres e 32 exclusivamente epífitas. Este trabalho revela uma elevada riqueza de pteridófitas na região e indica a importância de estudos desta natureza na conservação e manejo das pteridófitas em Minas Gerais.This work presents an inventory of pteridophyte species that occur in the Serra Negra, of Minas Gerais. The area is part of the Mantiqueira Range, and is situated between the coordinates 21º58'11"S 43º53'21" W, 22º01'4.4" S, 43º52'31.5" W, 21º58'21.4" S, 43º50'06.5" W and 21º58'53" S, 43º56'08" W. The vegetation in the Serra Negra is characterized by a mosaic of different phytophysiognomies, divided into forests (evergreen and seasonal semideciduous forests) and open formations (rocky grasslands). The inventory was carried out from 2003 to 2008, during monthly excursions to collect botanical material and data in the study area. A total of 209 species, distributed in 24 families and 75 genera, were recorded. The families with the highest number of species were Polypodiaceae (40), Dryopteridaceae (33) and Pteridaceae (25). More than the half (110) of the inventoried species were recorded exclusively in the forests formations. Sixty-nine species were terrestrial, 37 were saxicolous or terrestrial and 32 were epiphytes. This work shows that this region is rich in ferns and reveals the importance of this kind of study for conservation and management of pteridophytes in the state of Minas Gerais.

Retracted — Check List 6(1): 74-115

Este trabalho refere-se ao levantamento da flora pteridofítica do Parque Estadual do Jacupiranga, localizado nos municípios de Barra do Turvo, Cajati, Cananéia, Eldorado, Iporanga e Jacupiranga, na região sul do Estado de São Paulo. As coletas foram realizadas em março e abril/2005 e os espécimes testemunho encontram-se depositados nos herbários BHCB, ESA, SPSF e UEC. Foram encontrados 212 táxons (207 espécies, uma subespécie e quatro variedades) distribuídas em 24 famílias e 65 gêneros. As famílias mais representativas foram Thelypteridaceae com 23 espécies e três variedades e Polypodiaceae com 23 espécies. Os gêneros mais ricos foram: Thelypteris com 22 espécies e três variedades e Asplenium com 18 espécies e uma variedade. Com relação à forma de vida, dos 212 táxons, 122 são terrestres, 65 epífitas, 17 rupícolas, três trepadeiras e cinco com mais de um hábitat. As espécies Diplazium rieddelianum Kunze, Stigmatopteris ulei (Christ) Sehnem e Thelypteris paranaensis Salino são aqui registradas pela primeira vez para o Estado de São Paulo.A floristic survey was carried out of the pteridophytes from Jacupiranga State Park, located in the municipal districts of Barra do Turvo, Cajati, Cananéia, Eldorado, Iporanga and Jacupiranga, in southern São Paulo state. Collecting was done in March and April/2005; voucher specimens are deposited in the BHCB, ESA, SPSF and UEC herbaria. Two hundred and twelve taxa (207 species, one subspecies and four varieties) distributed in 24 families and 65 genera were recorded. The most representative families were Thelypteridaceae with 23 species and three varieties and Polypodiaceae with 23 species. The richest genera were Thelypteris with 22 species and three varieties and Asplenium with 18 species and one variety. As regards life form, of the 212 taxa, 122 are terrestrial, 65 epiphytes, 17 lithophytes, three creepers and five with more than one habitat. The species Diplazium rieddelianum Kunze, Stigmatopteris ulei (Christ) Sehnem and Thelypteris paranaensis Salino are reported here for the first time in São Paulo state.

A floristic survey of pteridophytes (ferns and fern allies) was carried out in a 1ha plot in the Pico do Marumbi State Park, Morretes, State of Paraná, Southern Brazil. The study area is covered with a closed ombrophilous forest (Brazilian Atlantic Forest) and lies approximately 630 m in elevation. All species and life-forms of pteridophytes growing in the plot were registered and most of them were collected for taxonomic identification. A total of 81 species, belonging to 17 families were registered. The richest were Polypodiaceae (12 species), Hymenophyllaceae (11) and Lomariopsidaceae (11). The richest genera were Asplenium (ten species), Elaphoglossum (10) and Trichomanes (six). Life-form composition was: epiphytes (49 species), terrestrials (28), lithophytes (two), epiphytes/terrestrials/lithophytes (one) and epiphytes/lithophytes (one). No hemiepiphytes were found. Terrestrials included herbaceous (22 species), arborescent (four) and climbing (two). Species richness of the plot can be considered as high when compared to other neotropical sites.Um inventário florístico de pteridófitas (samambaias e grupos aparentados) foi realizado em uma área de 1ha (100×100 m) no Parque Estadual Pico do Marumbi, município de Morretes, Estado do Paraná, Brasil. A área de estudo é coberta por Floresta Ombrófila Densa Montana e situase a aproximadamente 630 m de altitude. Todas as espécies e formas de vida de pteridófitas ocorrentes no interior da área foram registradas e a maioria foi coletada para determinação específica. No total, 81 espécies pertencentes a 17 famílias foram registradas. As famílias mais ricas foram Polypodiaceae (12 espécies), Hymenophyllaceae (11) e Lomariopsidaceae (11). Os gêneros mais ricos foram Asplenium (dez espécies), Elaphoglossum (dez) e Trichomanes (seis). A composição por forma de vida foi: epífitas (49 espécies), terrícolas (28), rupícolas (duas), epífitas/terrícolas/rupícolas (uma) e epífitas/rupícolas (uma). Nenhuma hemiepífita foi encontrada. As plantas terrícolas incluíram espécies herbáceas (22), arborescentes (quatro) e escandentes (duas). A riqueza da área pode ser considerada elevada quando comparada a outras áreas neotropicais.

Neste trabalho foi realizado um levantamentode pteridófitas na Gleba Pé-de-Gigante do ParqueEstadual de Vassununga, localizado no municípiode Santa Rita do Passa Quatro, sob as coordenadas21º36’39,01054’’S e 47º37’03,46727’’W. As coletasforam realizadas em três trilhas, denominadasTrilha do Meliponário, Trilha do Córrego Paulicéiae Trilha da Torre. Foram reconhecidas 15 espéciesde pteridófitas pertencentes a 7 famílias. Dessas,as mais representativas foram Polypodiaceae eThelypteridaceae com quatro espécies cada,e Pteridaceae e Schizaeaceae que apresentaramduas espécies cada. Das 15 espécies registradas9 apresentam distribuição bastante restrita, ocorrendoapenas na Trilha do Córrego Paulicéia. Por outrolado, Microgramma squamulosa (Kaulf.) de laSota, Pleopeltis angusta Willd e Polypodiumpolypodioides (L.) Watt são as espécies deocorrência mais ampla. Em todas as trilhas hápteridófitas, sendo que a Trilha do CórregoPaulicéia é a mais rica, e a Trilha da Torre a maispobre em número de espécies. As pteridófitasocorrem no cerrado “sensu stricto”, cerradão e nafloresta de galeria. A maior diversidade de espéciesfoi encontrada na floresta de galeria.This work presents a pteridophyticalsurvey carried out at the Gleba Pé-de-Gigante ofthe Vassununga State Park, in the municipality ofSanta Rita do Passa Quatro (21º36’39.01054’’Sand 47º37’03.46727’’W). Collections wereaccomplished at three trails called “Trilha doMeliponário, Trilha do Córrego Paulicéia andTrilha da Torre ”. Fifteen species of pteridophytespertaining to 7 families were recognized. From these,the most representative ones were Polypodiaceaeand Thelypteridaceae, with 4 species each, andPteridaceae and Schizaeaceae, with two specieseach. From the 15 species registered, nine present avery restricted distribution occurring only in the“Trilha do Córrego Paulic��ia”, Microgrammasquamulosa, Pleopeltis angusta and Polypodiumlatipes are the most abundant species. There arepteridophytes in all the trails. “Trilha do CórregoPaulicéia” was found to be the richest in speciesand the “Trilha da Torre” is the poorest.Pteridophytes occur in gallery forest, cerrado“sensu stricto” and “cerradão”. The richest speciesdiversity was found in the gallery forest.

Neste trabalho realizou-se umlevantamento de pteridófitas na Floresta Estadualde Bebedouro, localizada no município deBebedouro, sob as coordenadas 20º57’ de latitudeS e 48º30’ de longitude W. As coletas foramrealizadas em três trilhas denominadas “Trilha daFloresta de Produção”, “Trilha da Mata Ciliar” e“Trilha do Viveiro”. Foram reconhecidas dezespécies de pteridófitas pertencentes a cincofamílias. Destas, as mais representativas foramPteridaceae com quatro espécies distribuídas emquatro gêneros e Polypodiaceae com três espéciesdistribuídas em dois gêneros. Das dez espéciesregistradas sete apresentaram distribuição bastanterestrita, ocorrendo apenas na “Trilha da MataCiliar” e duas, Cheilantes concolor Langsd. &Fisch. e Thelypteris dentata (Forssk.) E. St. John,foram as de ocorrência mais ampla. Em todas astrilhas ocorreram pteridófitas, sendo que a “Trilhada Mata Ciliar” foi a mais rica. As pteridófitasocorrem no cerrado “sensu stricto”, na mata ciliar ena mata estacional semidecidual. A maior riquezade espécies ocorre na mata ciliar e na mataestacional semidecidual.This work presents a pteridophyticalsurvey carried out at Bebedouro State Forest,in the municipality of Bebedouro (20º57’S and48º30’W). Collections were accomplished at threetrails: “Trilha da Floresta de Produção”, “Trilha daMata Ciliar” and “Trilha do Viveiro”. Ten speciesof Pteridophyta were recognized. From these, themost representative ones were Pteridaceae withfour species distributed into four genera andPolypodiaceae with three species distributed intotwo genera. From the ten registered species, sevenhad a very restricted distribution occurring only inthe “Trilha da Mata Ciliar” but Cheilantesconcolor and Thelypteris dentata presented a wideroccurrence. There were pteridophytes at all thetrails and “Trilha da Mata Ciliar” was found to bethe richest in species. Pteridophytes occur incerrado “sensu stricto”, semideciduous forest andgallery forest. The diversity is found in the galleryforest and semideciduous forest.

Neste trabalho foi realizado umlevantamento de pteridófitas nas Glebas CapetingaLeste e Capetinga Oeste do Parque Estadual daVassununga, localizado no município de Santa Rita doPassa Quatro, sob as coordenadas 21º41’00’’ –21º41’21’’S e 47º34’37’’ – 47º39’39’’W. As coletasforam realizadas em quatro trilhas, denominadasTrilha da Mina, Trilha do Ribeirão Bebedouro,Trilha dos Jequitibás e Trilha do Córrego da Gruta.Foram reconhecidas 34 espécies de pteridófitaspertencentes a 10 famílias. Destas, as maisrepresentativas foram Polypodiaceae e Thelypteridaceaecom seis espécies cada e Aspleniaceae e Pteridaceaeque apresentaram cinco espécies cada. Das 34espécies registradas 10 apresentam distribuiçãobastante restrita, ocorrendo apenas na Trilha da Mina.Por outro lado, Polypodium polypodioides (L.) Watt,Pteris denticulata var. denticulata Sw eThelypteris dentata (Forssk.) E. St. John são asespécies de ocorrência mais ampla. Em todas astrilhas há pteridófitas, sendo que a Trilha da Minaé a mais rica e a Trilha do Ribeirão Bebedouro amais pobre em número de espécies. As pteridófitasocorrem na floresta estacional semidecidual e namata ciliar. A maior diversidade de espécies foiencontrada na floresta estacional semidecidual.This work presents a pteridophyticalsurvey carried out at Glebas Capetinga Leste andCapetinga Oeste at Vassununga State Park,Santa Rita do Passa Quatro county, (21º41’00’’ –21º41’21’’S and 47º34’37’’ – 47º39’39’’W).Collections were done at four places called “Trilhada Mina”, “Trilha do Ribeirão Bebedouro”, “Trilhados Jequitibás” and “Trilha do Córrego da Gruta.”Thirty-four species of pteridophytes pertaining to10 families were recognized. Among them, themost representative ones were Polypodiaceaeand Thelypteridaceae, with six species each,and Aspleniaceae and Pteridaceae, with fivespecies each. Considering the 34 species registered,10 present a very restricted distribution, occurringonly in the “Trilha da Mina” where Polypodiumpolypodioides (L.) Watt, Pteris denticulata var.denticulata Sw and Thelypteris dentata (Forssk.)E. St. John are the most abundant species.Pteridophytes were found at all sites of the collection.“Trilha da Mina” is the richest one and “Trilha doRibeirão Bebedouro” is the poorest in number ofspecies. Pteridophytes occur at semi-deciduousforest and gallery forest. The largest species diversitywas found in the semideciduous forest.

Durante os estudos taxonômicos das Thelypteridaceae da região Sudeste do Brasil foi constatada a ocorrência de Thelypteris polypodioides (Raddi) C. F. Reed e Thelypteris villosa (Link) C. F. Reed., espécies consideradas raras e pouco conhecidas. A vinculação destas espécies a subgêneros de Thelypteris é controversa na literatura. Sendo assim, neste trabalho são apresentadas chaves de identificação, descrições, ilustrações e dados acerca da distribuição geográfica das espécies, bem como comentários relativos às afinidades taxonômicas destas espécies com os subgêneros de Thelypteris.

As florestas higrófilas são formações ribeirinhas caracterizadas por ocorrerem em solo permanentemente encharcado e restritas a pequenos fragmentos junto a outros tipos vegetacionais. Neste trabalho caracterizaram-se a florística e a estrutura do componente arbustivo-arbóreo (plantas com DAP>5cm) de uma área de 0,36ha de floresta higrófila localizada em Brotas (48º06'W 22º16'S, 470m.s.m.), Estado de São Paulo, usando-se método de parcelas (total de 24 parcelas). No total foram amostrados 735 indivíduos, distribuídos em 32 famílias e 51 espécies. As espécies que se destacaram na comunidade devido aos elevados valores de importância foram Calophyllum brasiliense Camb., Protium almecega L. Marchand, Podocarpus sellowii Klotzch., Tapirira guianensis Aubl. e Dendropanax cuneatum DC. Decne. & Planch. O índice de diversidade de Shannon foi igual a 2,81, valor pouco superior aos descritos para florestas semelhantes. Na comunidade, as espécies generalistas com relação ao encharcamento do solo e as de solo drenado contribuíram na riqueza total (juntas 62% do total de espécies amostradas), enquanto as espécies de solo encharcado tiveram maior contribuição na composição da dominância (66% da dominância total) e densidade (67% da densidade total) relativas. A diversidade de situações topográficas e a entrada de espécies da vegetação do cerrado adjacente permitiram que espécies com diferentes exigências hídricas se estabelecessem na área relativamente pequena da floresta e influenciaram fortemente a florística e estrutura da comunidade.Swamp forests occur in permanently flooded small forest fragments in southeastern Brazil. We studied the floristic composition and community structure (plants with DBH>5cm) of a swamp forest in Brotas municipality (48º06'W 22º16'S, 470m high), São Paulo State, Brazil. A total of 735 individuals, 32 families, and 51 woody species were recorded in the area. The most important species were Calophyllum brasiliense Camb., Protium almecega L. Marchand, Podocarpus sellowii Klotzch., Tapirira guianensis Aubl. and Dendropanax cuneatum DC. Decne. & Planch. The Shannon diversity index (2,81) was greater than that of similar forests. With respect to soil humidity, the majority of species (62%) are either generalists or prefer dry soils. However, dominant species (66% of total dominance) and species in high densities (67% of total density) prefer waterlogged soils. Differences in soil topography and the strong influence of surrounding savanna guaranteed the occurrence of species with different soil humidity requirement and determined the floristics and structure of the swamp forest.

As atividades de campo são essenciais à formação de um bom taxonomista. Os problemas mais usuais das atividades didáticas no campo são: a) grande número de alunos; b) formação heterogênea e desequilíbrio de conhecimento dos participantes; c) repetições e tendência de coletas direcionadas para as formas de vida mais evidentes. As causas e conseqüências destes problemas são discutidas. Como solução é proposta uma metodologia, fundamentada numa vivência de muitos anos de atividades didáticas no campo em cursos de graduação e pós-graduação. São abordados tópicos como o número ideal de participantes, área de abrangência, época de atividade, divisão de trabalho e material e equipamentos necessários. Dependendo do número de espécies coletadas na mesma localidade, esta metodologia pode gerar uma lista de espécies da região com indicações precisas de hábito, habitat, nomes vulgares, abundância, usos, fenologia e outras informações que sempre afloram em trabalhos desta natureza. Como exemplo são apresentados os resultados da aplicação dessa metodologia em um curso de campo realizado em Ubatuba-SP e região.The field activities are essential for the education of a good taxonomist. The most common problems found in field activities are: a) large number of students, b) heterogeneous educational background and unlevelled knowledge of the participants, c) repetitions and tendency of collecting the more evidents life-forms. The causes and consequences of such problems are discussed herein. The proposed solution is a methodology, based on many years of experience in field courses for undergraduate and graduate courses. Topics about the ideal number of participants, area of coverage, period of activity, division of work and the necessary material and equipment are discussed. According to the number of species collected at the same place, this methodology may result in a list of local species with precise information about the life-forms, habitat, common names, frequency, uses, phenology and further information in this kind of work. The results of the aplication of this metodology in a field course held in the region of Ubatuba-SP are presented.

Neste trabalho realizou-se um levantamento de pteridófitas na Floresta Estadual de Bebedouro, localizada no município de Bebedouro, sob as coordenadas 20º57’ de latitude S e 48º30’ de longitude W. As coletas foram realizadas em três trilhas denominadas “Trilha da Floresta de Produção”, “Trilha da Mata Ciliar” e “Trilha do Viveiro”. Foram reconhecidas dez espécies de pteridófitas pertencentes a cinco famílias. Destas, as mais representativas foram Pteridaceae com quatro espécies distribuídas em quatro gêneros e Polypodiaceae com três espécies distribuídas em dois gêneros. Das dez espécies registradas sete apresentaram distribuição bastante restrita, ocorrendo apenas na “Trilha da Mata Ciliar” e duas, Cheilantes concolor Langsd. & Fisch. e Thelypteris dentata (Forssk.) E. St. John, foram as de ocorrência mais ampla. Em todas as trilhas ocorreram pteridófitas, sendo que a “Trilha da Mata Ciliar” foi a mais rica. As pteridófitas ocorrem no cerrado “sensu stricto”, na mata ciliar e na mata estacional semidecidual. A maior riqueza de espécies ocorre na mata ciliar e na mata estacional semidecidual.