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Your search keyword '"Anderegg, William R. L."' showing total 498 results
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498 results on '"Anderegg, William R. L."'

6. Absentee and Economic Impact of Low-Level Fine Particulate Matter and Ozone Exposure in K-12 Students

Author

Mendoza, Daniel L., Pirozzi, Cheryl S., Crosman, Erik T., Liou, Theodore G., Zhang, Yue, Cleeves, Jessica J., Bannister, Stephen C., Anderegg, William R. L., and Paine III, Robert

Subjects
Economics - General Economics, Computer Science - Computers and Society
Abstract

High air pollution levels are associated with school absences. However, low level pollution impact on individual school absences are under-studied. We modelled PM2.5 and ozone concentrations at 36 schools from July 2015 to June 2018 using data from a dense, research grade regulatory sensor network. We determined exposures and daily absences at each school. We used generalized estimating equations model to retrospectively estimate rate ratios for association between outdoor pollutant concentrations and school absences. We estimated lost school revenue, productivity, and family economic burden. PM2.5 and ozone concentrations and absence rates vary across the School District. Pollution exposure were associated with as high a rate ratio of 1.02 absences per ug/m$^3$ and 1.01 per ppb increase for PM2.5 and ozone, respectively. Significantly, even PM2.5 and ozone exposure below regulatory standards (<12.1 ug/m$^3$ and <55 ppb) was associated with positive rate ratios of absences: 1.04 per ug/m$^3$ and 1.01 per ppb increase, respectively. Granular local measurements enabled demonstration of air pollution impacts that varied between schools undetectable with averaged pollution levels. Reducing pollution by 50% would save $452,000 per year districtwide. Pollution reduction benefits would be greatest in schools located in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas. Exposures to air pollution, even at low levels, are associated with increased school absences. Heterogeneity in exposure, disproportionately affecting socioeconomically disadvantaged schools, points to the need for fine resolution exposure estimation. The economic cost of absences associated with air pollution is substantial even excluding indirect costs such as hospital visits and medication. These findings may help inform decisions about recess during severe pollution events and regulatory considerations for localized pollution sources., Comment: 31 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables

Published
2020
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10. We need a solid scientific basis for nature-based climate solutions in the United States

Author

Novick, Kimberly A., primary, Keenan, Trevor F., additional, Anderegg, William R. L., additional, Normile, Caroline P., additional, Runkle, Benjamin R. K., additional, Oldfield, Emily E., additional, Shrestha, Gyami, additional, Baldocchi, Dennis D., additional, Evans, Margaret E. K., additional, Randerson, James T., additional, Sanderman, Jonathan, additional, Torn, Margaret S., additional, Trugman, Anna T., additional, and Williams, Christopher A., additional

Published
2024
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11. Mechanisms of woody-plant mortality under rising drought, CO2 and vapour pressure deficit

Author

McDowell, Nate G., Sapes, Gerard, Pivovaroff, Alexandria, Adams, Henry D., Allen, Craig D., Anderegg, William R. L., Arend, Matthias, Breshears, David D., Brodribb, Tim, Choat, Brendan, Cochard, Hervé, De Cáceres, Miquel, De Kauwe, Martin G., Grossiord, Charlotte, Hammond, William M., Hartmann, Henrik, Hoch, Günter, Kahmen, Ansgar, Klein, Tamir, Mackay, D. Scott, Mantova, Marylou, Martínez-Vilalta, Jordi, Medlyn, Belinda E., Mencuccini, Maurizio, Nardini, Andrea, Oliveira, Rafael S., Sala, Anna, Tissue, David T., Torres-Ruiz, José M., Trowbridge, Amy M., Trugman, Anna T., Wiley, Erin, and Xu, Chonggang

Published
2022
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12. The competitive advantage of a constitutive CAM species over a C 4 grass species under drought and CO 2 enrichment

Author

Yu, Kailiang, D'Odorico, Paolo, Collins, Scott L, Carr, David, Porporato, Amilcare, Anderegg, William R. L, Gilhooly, William P, Wang, Lixin, Bhattachan, Abinash, Bartlett, Mark, Hartzell, Samantha, Yin, Jun, He, Yongli, Li, Wei, Tatlhego, Mokganedi, and Fuentes, Jose D

Subjects
BRII recipient: Tatlhego
Abstract

Plants with crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) are increasing in distribution and abundance in drylands worldwide, but the underlying drivers remain unknown. We investigate the impacts of extreme drought and CO2 enrichment on the competitive relationships between seedlings of Cylindropuntia imbricata (CAM species) and Bouteloua eriopoda (C4 grass), which coexist in semiarid ecosystems across the Southwestern United States. Our experiments under altered water and CO2 water conditions show that C. imbricata positively responded to CO2 enrichment under extreme drought conditions, while B. eriopoda declined from drought stress and did not recover after the drought ended. Conversely, in well‐watered conditions B. eriopoda had a strong competitive advantage on C. imbricata such that the photosynthetic rate and biomass (per individual) of C. imbricata grown with B. eriopoda were lower relative to when growing alone. A meta‐analysis examining multiple plant families across global drylands shows a positive response of CAM photosynthesis and productivity to CO2 enrichment. Collectively, our results suggest that under drought and elevated CO2 concentrations, projected with climate change, the competitive advantage of plant functional groups may shift and the dominance of CAM plants may increase in semiarid ecosystems.

Published
2019

15. Community assembly influences plant trait economic spectra and functional trade-offs at ecosystem scales.

Author

Anderegg, William R. L., Martinez-Vilalta, Jordi, Mencuccini, Maurizio, and Poyatos, Rafael

Subjects
*SOCIAL influence, *CLIMATE feedbacks, *ECOSYSTEM dynamics, *CARBON cycle, *ECOSYSTEMS, *PLANTATIONS, *WATER shortages
Abstract

Plant functional traits hold the potential to greatly improve the understanding and prediction of climate impacts on ecosystems and carbon cycle feedback to climate change. Traits are commonly used to place species along a global conservative-acquisitive trade-off, yet how and if functional traits and conservative-acquisitive trade-offs scale up to mediate community and ecosystem fluxes is largely unknown. Here, we combine functional trait datasets and multibiome datasets of forest water and carbon fluxes at the species, community, and ecosystem-levels to quantify the scaling of the tradeoff between maximum flux and sensitivity to vapor pressure deficit. We find a strong conservative-acquisitive trade-off at the species scale, which weakens modestly at the community scale and largely disappears at the ecosystem scale. Functional traits, particularly plant water transport (hydraulic) traits, are strongly associated with the key dimensions of the conservative-acquisitive trade-off at community and ecosystem scales, highlighting that trait composition appears to influence community and ecosystem flux dynamics. Our findings provide a foundation for improving carbon cycle models by revealing i) that plant hydraulic traits are most strongly associated with community-and ecosystem scale flux dynamics and ii) community assembly dynamics likely need to be considered explicitly, as they give rise to ecosystem-level flux dynamics that differ substantially from trade-offs identified at the species-level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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16. Forest and woodland replacement patterns following drought-related mortality

Author

Batllori, Enric, Lloret, Francisco, Aakala, Tuomas, Anderegg, William R. L., Aynekulu, Ermias, Bendixsen, Devin P., Bentouati, Abdallah, Bigler, Christof, Burk, C. John, Camarero, J. Julio, Colangelo, Michele, Coop, Jonathan D., Fensham, Roderick, Floyd, M. Lisa, Galiano, Lucía, Ganey, Joseph L., Gonzalez, Patrick, Jacobsen, Anna L., Kane, Jeffrey Michael, Kitzberger, Thomas, Linares, Juan C., Marchetti, Suzanne B., Matusick, George, Michaelian, Michael, Navarro-Cerrillo, Rafael M., Pratt, RobertBrandon, Redmond, Miranda D., Rigling, Andreas, Ripullone, Francesco, Sangüesa-Barreda, Gabriel, Sasal, Yamila, Saura-Mas, Sandra, Suarez, Maria Laura, Veblen, Thomas T., Vilà-Cabrera, Albert, Vincke, Caroline, and Zeeman, Ben

Published
2020

23. A new empirical framework to quantify the hydraulic effects of soil and atmospheric drivers on plant water status.

Author

Mencuccini, Maurizio, Anderegg, William R. L., Binks, Oliver, Knipfer, Thorsten, Konings, Alexandra G., Novick, Kim, Poyatos, Rafael, and Martínez‐Vilalta, Jordi

Subjects
*PLANT-water relationships, *AQUATIC plants, *SOILS, *ATMOSPHERIC temperature, *AIR pressure
Abstract

Metrics to quantify regulation of plant water status at the daily as opposed to the seasonal scale do not presently exist. This gap is significant since plants are hypothesised to regulate their water potential not only with respect to slowly changing soil drought but also with respect to faster changes in air vapour pressure deficit (VPD), a variable whose importance for plant physiology is expected to grow because of higher temperatures in the coming decades. We present a metric, the stringency of water potential regulation, that can be employed at the daily scale and quantifies the effects exerted on plants by the separate and combined effect of soil and atmospheric drought. We test our theory using datasets from two experiments where air temperature and VPD were experimentally manipulated. In contrast to existing metrics based on soil drought that can only be applied at the seasonal scale, our metric successfully detects the impact of atmospheric warming on the regulation of plant water status. We show that the thermodynamic effect of VPD on plant water status can be isolated and compared against that exerted by soil drought and the covariation between VPD and soil drought. Furthermore, in three of three cases, VPD accounted for more than 5 MPa of potential effect on leaf water potential. We explore the significance of our findings in the context of potential future applications of this metric from plant to ecosystem scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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25. The impacts of climate change, energy policy and traditional ecological practices on future firewood availability for Diné (Navajo) People

Author

Magargal, Kate, primary, Wilson, Kurt, additional, Chee, Shaniah, additional, Campbell, Michael J., additional, Bailey, Vanessa, additional, Dennison, Philip E., additional, Anderegg, William R. L., additional, Cachelin, Adrienne, additional, Brewer, Simon, additional, and Codding, Brian Frank, additional

Published
2023
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31. Exploring the impacts of unprecedented climate extremes on forest ecosystems: hypotheses to guide modeling and experimental studies

Author

Holm, Jennifer A., primary, Medvigy, David M., additional, Smith, Benjamin, additional, Dukes, Jeffrey S., additional, Beier, Claus, additional, Mishurov, Mikhail, additional, Xu, Xiangtao, additional, Lichstein, Jeremy W., additional, Allen, Craig D., additional, Larsen, Klaus S., additional, Luo, Yiqi, additional, Ficken, Cari, additional, Pockman, William T., additional, Anderegg, William R. L., additional, and Rammig, Anja, additional

Published
2023
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40. Declining tree growth resilience mediates subsequent forest mortality in the US Mountain West.

Author

Cabon, Antoine, DeRose, R. Justin, Shaw, John D., and Anderegg, William R. L.

Subjects
TREE growth, TREE-rings, CARBON sequestration in forests, DEAD trees, TREE mortality, FOREST microclimatology, FOREST surveys, NUMBERS of species
Abstract

Climate change‐triggered forest die‐off is an increasing threat to global forests and carbon sequestration but remains extremely challenging to predict. Tree growth resilience metrics have been proposed as measurable proxies of tree susceptibility to mortality. However, it remains unclear whether tree growth resilience can improve predictions of stand‐level mortality. Here, we use an extensive tree‐ring dataset collected at ~3000 permanent forest inventory plots, spanning 13 dominant species across the US Mountain West, where forests have experienced strong drought and extensive die‐off has been observed in the past two decades, to test the hypothesis that tree growth resilience to drought can explain and improve predictions of observed stand‐level mortality. We found substantial increases in growth variability and temporal autocorrelation as well declining drought resistance and resilience for a number of species over the second half of the 20th century. Declining resilience and low tree growth were strongly associated with cross‐ and within‐species patterns of mortality. Resilience metrics had similar explicative power compared to climate and stand structure, but the covariance structure among predictors implied that the effect of tree resilience on mortality could partially be explained by stand and climate variables. We conclude that tree growth resilience offers highly valuable insights on tree physiology by integrating the effect of stressors on forest mortality but may have only moderate potential to improve large‐scale projections of forest die‐off under climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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43. A multi-species synthesis of physiological mechanisms in drought-induced tree mortality

Author

Adams, Henry D., Zeppel, Melanie J. B., Anderegg, William R. L., Hartmann, Henrik, Landhäusser, Simon M., Tissue, David T., Huxman, Travis E., Hudson, Patrick J., Franz, Trenton E., Allen, Craig D., Anderegg, Leander D. L., Barron-Gafford, Greg A., Beerling, David J., Breshears, David D., Brodribb, Timothy J., Bugmann, Harald, Cobb, Richard C., Collins, Adam D., Dickman, L. Turin, Duan, Honglang, Ewers, Brent E., Galiano, Lucía, Galvez, David A., Garcia-Forner, Núria, Gaylord, Monica L., Germino, Matthew J., Gessler, Arthur, Hacke, Uwe G., Hakamada, Rodrigo, Hector, Andy, Jenkins, Michael W., Kane, Jeffrey M., Kolb, Thomas E., Law, Darin J., Lewis, James D., Limousin, Jean-Marc, Love, David M., Macalady, Alison K., Martínez-Vilalta, Jordi, Mencuccini, Maurizio, Mitchell, Patrick J., Muss, Jordan D., O’Brien, Michael J., O’Grady, Anthony P., Pangle, Robert E., Pinkard, Elizabeth A., Piper, Frida I., Plaut, Jennifer A., Pockman, William T., Quirk, Joe, Reinhardt, Keith, Ripullone, Francesco, Ryan, Michael G., Sala, Anna, Sevanto, Sanna, Sperry, John S., Vargas, Rodrigo, Vennetier, Michel, Way, Danielle A., Xu, Chonggang, Yepez, Enrico A., and McDowell, Nate G.

Published
2017
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50. Global patterns of drought recovery

Author

Schwalm, Christopher R., Anderegg, William R. L., Michalak, Anna M., Fisher, Joshua B., Biondi, Franco, Koch, George, Litvak, Marcy, Ogle, Kiona, Shaw, John D., Wolf, Adam, Huntzinger, Deborah N., Schaefer, Kevin, Cook, Robert, Wei, Yaxing, Fang, Yuanyuan, Hayes, Daniel, Huang, Maoyi, Jain, Atul, and Tian, Hanqin

Subjects
Droughts -- Environmental aspects, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Author(s): Christopher R. Schwalm (corresponding author) [1, 2]; William R. L. Anderegg [3]; Anna M. Michalak [4]; Joshua B. Fisher [5]; Franco Biondi [6]; George Koch [2]; Marcy Litvak [7]; [...]

Published
2017
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