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Unidentified opistognathid. Lissner and Dorsey (1986) observed from a manned submersible a jawfish they were unable to identify at Tanner��� Cortes Bank, southern California., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 150, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Lissner, A. L. & Dorsey, J. H. (1986) Deep-water biological assemblages of a hard-bottom bank-ridge complex of the southern California continental borderland. Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences, 85, 87 - 101."]}

Bathysaurus mollis G��nther, 1878. To 85 cm (33.4 in) TL (Sulak in Whitehead et al. 1984). Circumglobal; western Pacific Ocean north to Japan (Nakabo in Nakabo 2002); Oregon (Pearcy et al. 1982) to at least Isla Guadalupe, central Baja California (Personal communication: Scripps Institution of Oceanography Fish Collection, La Jolla, California); Clarion Clipperton Zone (Simon-Lled�� et al. 2020). Depth: 1,252 ���4,981 m (4,107 ���16,0338 ft) (min.: Fricke et al. 2019; max.: Erik Simon-Lled��, pers. comm. to M.L.)., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 64, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Whitehead, P. J. P., Bauchot, M. - L., Hureau, J. - C., Nielsen, J. & Tortonese, E. (Eds.). (1984) Fishes of the North-Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Volume I. UNESCO, Paris. [Reprint with corrections, 1989.]","Nakabo, T. (Ed.). (2002) Fishes of Japan with Pictorial Keys to the Species. Tokai University Press, Tokyo.","Pearcy, W. G., Stein, D. L. & Carney, R. S. (1982) The deep-sea benthic fish fauna of the northeastern Pacific Ocean on Cascadia and Tufts abyssal plains and adjoining continental slopes. Biological Oceanography, 1, 375 - 428.","Simon-Lledo, E., Pomee, C., Ahokava, A., Drazen, J. C., Leitner, A. B., Flynn, A., Parianos, J. & Jones, D. O. B. (2020) Multiscale variations in invertebrate and fish megafauna in the mid-eastern Clarion Clipperton Zone. Progress in Oceanography, 187, 102405. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. pocean. 2020.102405","Fricke, R., Allen, G. R., Amon, D., Andrefouet, S., Chen, W. - J., Kinch, J., Mana, R., Russel, B. C., Tully, D. & White, W. T. (2019) Checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 810 new records. Zootaxa, 4588, 1 - 360. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4588.1.1"]}

In this study, we use a geometric morphometric and a character evolution approach to study the evolutionary patterns of body-shape change and habitat transition in the Aulopiformes. Aulopiform fishes (lizardfishes; 289 spp.) inhabit diverse marine habitats from coral reefs to the deep sea and exhibit a wide range of body morphologies. Herein, we examine over 400 aulopiform specimens representing 38 of 44 genera and all families and identify that there are distinct patterns of body-shape change across the aulopiform radiation that coincide with habitat. A fusiform (torpedo-shaped) body is predominant among aulopiforms distributed in inshore-benthic and deep-sea benthic environments (e.g., Aulopidae, Bathysauridae, Synodontidae). There is a trend towards body elongation in taxa distributed in deep-sea pelagic habitats at depths of 200–4,000 meters (e.g., Alepisauridae, Lestidiidae, Notosudidae, Paralepididae) and a trend of body elongation with more centrally positioned dorsal and anal fins in the deep-benthic family Ipnopidae (tripodfishes). Additionally, deep-sea pelagic aulopiforms exhibit the largest variance in body-shape disparity with significant shape disparity compared to aulopiforms found in inshore-benthic and deep-sea environments. Deep-sea benthic lineages also have significantly higher body-shape variance and disparity compared to inshore-benthic lineages. We identify that there are considerable changes in body shape as aulopiform lineages transitioned to differing marine habitats. We infer the common ancestor of aulopiforms to have lived in a deep-sea benthic environment with a single transition to an inshore-benthic environment in the common ancestor of the Aulopoidei (lizardfishes, flagfin fishes) and two independent transitions into deep-sea pelagic environments, once in the common ancestor of Giganturidae, and once in the common ancestor of Alepisauroidea + Notosudoidea. This is the first study to quantitatively investigate changes in the body shape of aulopiform fishes tied to habitat transitions in marine environments from the deep sea to coral reefs. Our findings suggest that aulopiform body plans have broadly diversified in deep-sea pelagic and benthic habitats while remaining comparatively conservative in inshore-benthic habitats.

Andréfouët, Serge, Chen, Wei-Jen, Kinch, Jeff, Mana, Ralph, Russell, Barry C., Tully, Dean, White, William T. (2019): Checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 810 new records. Zootaxa 4588 (1): 1-360, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4588.1.1

Family Bathysauridae Bathysaurus ferox Günther, 1878 —Deep-sea lizardfish (Fig. 13) 1 specimen of 31 cm TL was caught at a depth of 1,685 m. Habitat and Distribution: bathydemersal, depth range 600–3,500 m, usually 1,000–2,500 m. Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific. In the eastern Atlantic Ocean, from Iceland to Guinea and also off South Africa. Vulnerability: DD (IUCN), MHV (FishBase).

Family Bathysauridae Bathysaurus ferox G��nther, 1878 ���Deep-sea lizardfish (Fig. 13) 1 specimen of 31 cm TL was caught at a depth of 1,685 m. Habitat and Distribution: bathydemersal, depth range 600���3,500 m, usually 1,000���2,500 m. Atlantic and Indo-West Pacific. In the eastern Atlantic Ocean, from Iceland to Guinea and also off South Africa. Vulnerability: DD (IUCN), MHV (FishBase)., Published as part of Ba��on, Rafael, Arronte, Juan Carlos, Rodriguez-Cabello, Cristina, Pi��eiro, Carmen-Gloria, Punzon, Antonio & Serrano, Alberto, 2016, Commented checklist of marine fishes from the Galicia Bank seamount (NW Spain), pp. 293-333 in Zootaxa 4067 (3) on page 311, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4067.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/256670

A commented checklist containing 139 species of marine fishes recorded at the Galician Bank seamount is presented. The list is based on nine prospecting and research surveys carried out from 1980 to 2011 with different fishing gears. The ichthyofauna list is diversified in 2 superclasses, 3 classes, 20 orders, 62 families and 113 genera. The largest family is Macrouridae, with 9 species, followed by Moridae, Stomiidae and Sternoptychidae with 7 species each. The trachichthyd Hoplostethus mediterraneus and the morid Lepidion lepidion were the most abundant species. Biogeographically, the Atlantic group, with 113 species (81.3%) is the best represented, followed by the Lusitanian one with 17 species (12.2%). Data on species abundance, as number of individuals caught, size and depth are reported. Habitat, distribution and vulnerability status are commented. Moreover, biometric data and meristic counts are also reported for several species. The results obtained showing a high fish biodiversity and a sensible number of threatened species, strongly support the future declaration of the Galicia Bank as a Marine Protected Area., SI

Family Bathysauridae Fowler 1944 Name in prevailing recent practice Macristiidae Regan 1911b:204 [ref. 32612] (family) Macristium Bathysauridae Fowler 1944a:489 [ref. 1448] (family) Bathysaurus [name only, but used as valid by Marshall 1961:364 [ref. 32613], by Bigelow 1963:98 and by Mead 1966:103 [ref. 32841] Article 13.2.1; family-group name used as valid by: Lindberg 1971 [ref. 27211], Johnson 1974 [ref. 7135], Nelson 1976 [ref. 32838], Nelson 1984 [ref. 13596], Paxton et al. 1989 [ref. 12442], McAllister 1990 [ref. 14674], Nelson 1994 [ref. 26204], Eschmeyer 1998 [ref. 23416], Russell 1999 [ref. 24747], Sato & Nakabo 2002 [ref. 25953], Russell 2003 [ref. 27004], Hoese et al. 2006, Nelson 2006 [ref. 32486]], Published as part of Laan, Richard Van Der, Eschmeyer, William N. & Fricke, Ronald, 2014, Family-group names of Recent fishes, pp. 1-230 in Zootaxa 3882 (2) on page 63, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3882.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7047777, {"references":["Regan, C. T. (1911 b) On the systematic position of Macristium chavesi. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 8, 7 (38), 204 - 205. [1 Feb, ref. 32612] http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222931108692922","Fowler, H. W. (1944 a) Results of the fifth George Vanderbilt expedition (1941) (Bahamas, Caribbean Sea, Panama, Galapagos Archipelago and Mexican Pacific islands). The Fishes. Monographs of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 6, 57 - 529. [25 August, ref. 1448]","Marshall, N. B. (1961) A young Macristium and the ctenothrissid fishes. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology, 7 (8), 355 - 370. [June, ref. 32613]","Bigelow, H. B. (1963) Order Isospondyli, characters and key to suborders and families. In: Bigelow, H. B. (Editor), Fishes of the western North Atlantic, Volume 3. Memoirs of the Sears Foundation of Marine Research, Sears Foundation for Marine Research, Yale University, New Haven, pp. 89 - 106. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10208","Mead, G. W. (1966) Family Bathysauridae. In: Mead, G. W. & Anderson, W. W. (Editors), Fishes of the Western Atlantic Volume 5. Memoirs of the Sears Foundation of Marine Research, Sears Foundation for Marine Research, Yale University, New Haven, pp. 103 - 113. [ref. 32841]","Lindberg, G. U. (1971) Opredelitel' i kharakteristika semeystv ryb mirovoy fauny [Families of the fishes of the world: a check list and a key]. Nauka, Leningrad, 472 pp. [in Russian. English translation by Hardin, H. (1973), Fishes of the world: a key to families and a checklist, Israel Program for Scientific Translations, distributed by John Wiley & Sons, New York, 545 pp.] [2 August, ref. 27211]","Johnson, R. K. (1974) A Macristium larva from the Gulf of Mexico with additional evidence for the synonymy of Macristium with Bathysaurus (Myctophiformes, Bathysauridae). Copeia, 1974 (4), 973 - 977. [31 December, ref. 7135] http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 1442599","Nelson, J. S. (1976) Fishes of the World. John Wiley & Sons, New York, xiii + 416 pp. [ref. 32838]","Nelson, J. S. (1984) Fishes of the World, 2 nd edition. John Wiley & Sons, New York, xv + 523 pp. [ref. 13596]","Paxton, J. R., Hoese, D. F., Allen, G. R. & Hanley, J. E. (1989) Zoological catalogue of Australia. Volume 7. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, xii + 665 pp. [ref. 12442]","McAllister, D. E. (1990) A list of the fishes of Canada. Syllogeus, 64, 1 - 310. [in English and French] [ref. 14674]","Nelson, J. S. (1994) Fishes of the World, 3 rd edition. John Wiley & Sons, New York, xvii + 600 pp. [ref. 26204]","Eschmeyer, W. N. (Editor) (1998) Catalog of Fishes. Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, Special Publication 1. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, vols. 1 - 3, 2905 pp. [May, ref. 23416]","Russell, B. C. (1999) Families Synodontidae and Bathysauridae. In: Carpenter, K. E. & Niem, V. E. (Editors), Species identification guide for fisheries purposes. The living marine resources of the western central Pacific. Batoid fishes, chimeras and bony fishes part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae). FAO, Rome, 3, pp. iii - vi + 1398 - 2068, Pls. I - IV. [ref. 24747]","Sato, T. & Nakabo, T. (2002) Paraulopidae and Paraulopus, a new family and genus of aulopiform fishes with revised relationships within the order. Ichthyological Research, 49 (1), 25 - 46. [ref. 25953]","Russell, B. C. (2003) Synodontidae and Bathysauridae. In: Carpenter, K. E. (Editor), The living marine resources of the Western Central Atlantic. Volume 2: Bony fishes part 1 (Acipenseridae to Grammatidae). FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes and American Society of Ichthyologist and Herpetologists Special Publication No. 5. FAO, Rome, pp. 923 - 932. [ref. 27004]","Nelson, J. S. (2006) Fishes of the World, 4 th edition. John Wiley & Sons, New York, xix + 601 pp. [ref. 32486]"]}

Laan, Richard Van Der, Eschmeyer, William N., Fricke, Ronald (2014): Family-group names of Recent fishes. Zootaxa 3882 (2): 1-230, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3882.1.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3882.1.1

The study of the Portuguese marine ichthyofauna has a long historical tradition, rooted back in the 18th Century. Here we present an annotated checklist of the marine fishes from Portuguese waters, including the area encompassed by the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf and the Economic Exclusive Zone (EEZ). The list is based on historical literature records and taxon occurrence data obtained from natural history collections, together with new revisions and occurrences. It comprises a total of 1191 species, distributed among 3 superclasses, 4 classes, 42 orders, 212 families and 617 genera. If considering only the EEZ and present territorial waters, this list represents an increase of 230 species (27.8%) and of 238 species (29.0%), when compared to the information available in FishBase (2012) and in the last checklist of marine and estuarine fishes of Portugal (1993), respectively. The order Perciformes shows the highest diversity, with 54 families, 162 genera and 299 species. Stomiidae (80 species), Myctophidae (71 species) and Macrouridae (37 species) are the richest families. From the listed species, 734 are present off mainland Portugal, 857 off the Azores and 766 off Madeira. Within the limits of the examined area, three species are reported for the first time in mainland Portugal and twenty-nine records are identified as doubtful. A total of 133 species have been recorded from the extended Portuguese continental shelf (2 off mainland Portugal, 117 off the Azores and 14 off Madeira), two of which are common to the Azores and Madeira extensions. Biogeographically, the Atlantic group is the most important (548 species – 46.01%), followed by the Lusitanian group (256 species – 21.49%), the African group (71 species – 5.96%), the Boreal group (34 species – 2.85%), the Mediterranean group (31 species – 2.60%), the Macaronesian group (21 species – 1.76%), the Atlantic/African group (19 species – 1.60%) and the Mediterranean/African and the Arctic groups, each with only 1 species (0.08%). Regarding the preferences for vertical habitat, the demersal fishes are the most important group (305 species – 25.61%), followed by the mesopelagic group (228 species – 19.14%), the bathypelagic group (164 species – 13.77%), the benthopelagic group (147 species – 12.34%), the bathydemersal group (115 species – 9.66%), the reef-associated group (88 species – 7.39%), the pelagic group (74 species – 6.21%), the epipelagic group (58 species – 4.87%) and 1 species (0.08%) of the benthic group. The oceanic habitat is the best represented group comprising 446 species (37.45%), followed by the shelf group (199 species – 16.71%), the slope group (164 species – 13.77%), the inner shelf group (89 species – 7.47%), the coastal group (70 species – 5.88%), the outer shelf group (29 species – 2.43%) and the oceanic/shelf group (7 species – 0.59%).

Bathysaurus ferox G��nther, 1878 ��� Deep-sea lizardfish; ������, Published as part of Carneiro, Miguel, Martins, Rog��lia, Landi, Monica & Costa, Filipe O., 2014, Updated checklist of marine fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf, pp. 1-73 in European Journal of Taxonomy 73 on page 30, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.73, http://zenodo.org/record/3866515

Bathysaurus mollis G��nther, 1878 ��� No common name; ������, Lagarto-da-costa or Peixe-lagarto ���, Published as part of Carneiro, Miguel, Martins, Rog��lia, Landi, Monica & Costa, Filipe O., 2014, Updated checklist of marine fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf, pp. 1-73 in European Journal of Taxonomy 73 on page 30, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.73, http://zenodo.org/record/3866515

BATHYSAURIDAE Bathysaurus mollis Günther, 1878 , was recorded in the western Mediterranean by Sulak (1984). Reconsideration of this record is necessary since no successive works, including the world-wide revision of deep-sea lizard fishes of the genus Bathysaurus (Sulak et al., 1985), mention the Mediterranean as part of the geographical distribution of this species.

BATHYSAURIDAE Bathysaurus mollis G��nther, 1878 , was recorded in the western Mediterranean by Sulak (1984). Reconsideration of this record is necessary since no successive works, including the world-wide revision of deep-sea lizard fishes of the genus Bathysaurus (Sulak et al., 1985), mention the Mediterranean as part of the geographical distribution of this species., Published as part of Psomadakis, Peter Nick, Giustino, Stefano & Vacchi, Marino, 2012, Mediterranean fish biodiversity: an updated inventory with focus on the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian seas, pp. 1-46 in Zootaxa 3263 on page 16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.280724, {"references":["Sulak, K. J. (1984) Synodontidae. In: Whitehead, P. J. P., Bauchot, M. L., Hureau, J. C., Nielsen, J. & Tortonese, E. (Eds.), Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Vol. 1. Unesco, Paris, pp. 405 - 411.","Sulak, K. J., Wenner, C. A., Sedberry, G. R. & Van Guelpen, L. (1985) The life history and systematics of deep-sea lizard fishes, genus Bathysaurus (Synodontidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology, 63, 623 - 642."]}

In this paper we update the Mediterranean fish inventory, analyse the biogeographic features of this fauna and provideexhaustive biodiversity data for the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian seas. According to the data available in 2010, the Mediterraneanfish diversity can be summarized as follows: 602 (including sub-species) bony fish species (Osteichthyes), 79 cartilaginous fishspecies (Chondrichthyes) and 3 cyclostomes (Agnatha); making a total of 684 species belonging to 173 families (147Osteichthyes, 24 Chondrichthyes, 2 Agnatha). Most species 403 (58.9%) have an Atlantic origin, 128 (18.7%) species arecosmopolitan, 90 (13.2%) species are Indo-Pacific, and 63 (9.2%) are endemic to the Mediterranean. In the Ligurian Sea,northern Tyrrhenian and southern Tyrrhenian Sea, the richness can be estimated at 454, 426 and 447 species, respectively. Themost speciose families for the Mediterranean as a whole, but also for the three intra-mediterranean areas studied are theGobiidae, Sparidae, Labridae and Blenniidae; whereas Carangidae is a numerically important family mainly at theMediterranean level. The percentage of endemic fishes within the intra-mediterranean areas studied gradually decrease acrosslatitude from the Ligurian Sea (9.4%) to the northern (8.7%) and southern (8.0%) Tyrrhenian Sea. The updated fish inventorycontains 81 Lessepsian and 48 Atlantic immigrant species, which represent 11.8% and 7.0% of the whole Mediterranean fishcommunity, respectively. The Ligurian Sea (3.1%) houses a higher amount of immigrants with respect to the northern (1.6%)and southern (2.7%) Tyrrhenian sectors.Field observations made during this study indicate that both the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian seas are presently subjected toincreasing colonization events by thermophilic species spreading from the southern Mediterranean and to a lesser degree by the arrival of exotic species either of Atlantic or Indo-Pacific origin.