1,243 results on '"Brandt, Alexander"'
Search Results
2. Digital Motor Biomarkers of Cerebellar Ataxia Using an RGB-Depth Camera-Based Motion Analysis System
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Suzuki, Masahide, Hirano, Shigeki, Otte, Karen, Schmitz-Hübsch, Tanja, Izumi, Michiko, Tamura, Mitsuyoshi, Kuroiwa, Ryota, Sugiyama, Atsuhiko, Mori, Masahiro, Röhling, Hanna M., Brandt, Alexander U., Murata, Atsushi, Paul, Friedemann, and Kuwabara, Satoshi
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- 2024
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3. N-acetylglucosamine inhibits inflammation and neurodegeneration markers in multiple sclerosis: a mechanistic trial.
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Sy, Michael, Newton, Barbara, Pawling, Judy, Hayama, Ken, Cordon, Andres, Kuhle, Jens, Dennis, James, Brandt, Alexander, Yu, Zhaoxia, and Demetriou, Michael
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Chronic-active brain inflammation ,Multiple sclerosis ,N-acetylglucosamine ,N-glycan branching ,Humans ,Animals ,Mice ,Acetylglucosamine ,Interleukin-17 ,Glatiramer Acetate ,Interleukin-6 ,Multiple Sclerosis ,Inflammation ,Encephalitis ,Cytokines - Abstract
BACKGROUND: In the demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis (MS), chronic-active brain inflammation, remyelination failure and neurodegeneration remain major issues despite immunotherapy. While B cell depletion and blockade/sequestration of T and B cells potently reduces episodic relapses, they act peripherally to allow persistence of chronic-active brain inflammation and progressive neurological dysfunction. N-acetyglucosamine (GlcNAc) is a triple modulator of inflammation, myelination and neurodegeneration. GlcNAc promotes biosynthesis of Asn (N)-linked-glycans, which interact with galectins to co-regulate the clustering/signaling/endocytosis of multiple glycoproteins simultaneously. In mice, GlcNAc crosses the blood brain barrier to raise N-glycan branching, suppress inflammatory demyelination by T and B cells and trigger stem/progenitor cell mediated myelin repair. MS clinical severity, demyelination lesion size and neurodegeneration inversely associate with a marker of endogenous GlcNAc, while in healthy humans, age-associated increases in endogenous GlcNAc promote T cell senescence. OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: An open label dose-escalation mechanistic trial of oral GlcNAc at 6 g (n = 18) and 12 g (n = 16) for 4 weeks was performed in MS patients on glatiramer acetate and not in relapse from March 2016 to December 2019 to assess changes in serum GlcNAc, lymphocyte N-glycosylation and inflammatory markers. Post-hoc analysis examined changes in serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) as well as neurological disability via the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). RESULTS: Prior to GlcNAc therapy, high serum levels of the inflammatory cytokines IFNγ, IL-17 and IL-6 associated with reduced baseline levels of a marker of endogenous serum GlcNAc. Oral GlcNAc therapy was safe, raised serum levels and modulated N-glycan branching in lymphocytes. Glatiramer acetate reduces TH1, TH17 and B cell activity as well as sNfL, yet the addition of oral GlcNAc dose-dependently lowered serum IFNγ, IL-17, IL-6 and NfL. Oral GlcANc also dose-dependently reduced serum levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, which is increased in the brain of MS patients. 30% of treated patients displayed confirmed improvement in neurological disability, with an average EDSS score decrease of 0.52 points. CONCLUSIONS: Oral GlcNAc inhibits inflammation and neurodegeneration markers in MS patients despite concurrent immunomodulation by glatiramer acetate. Blinded studies are required to investigate GlcNAcs potential to control residual brain inflammation, myelin repair and neurodegeneration in MS.
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- 2023
4. Diagnostic value of intereye difference metrics for optic neuritis in aquaporin-4 antibody seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders.
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Oertel, Frederike, Zimmermann, Hanna, Motamedi, Seyedamirhosein, Chien, Claudia, Aktas, Orhan, Albrecht, Philipp, Ringelstein, Marius, Dcunha, Anitha, Pandit, Lekha, Martinez-Lapiscina, Elena, Sanchez-Dalmau, Bernardo, Villoslada, Pablo, Palace, Jacqueline, Roca-Fernández, Adriana, Leite, Maria, Sharma, Srilakshmi, Leocani, Letizia, Pisa, Marco, Radaelli, Marta, Lana-Peixoto, Marco, Fontenelle, Mariana, Havla, Joachim, Ashtari, Fereshteh, Kafieh, Rahele, Dehghani, Alireza, Pourazizi, Mohsen, Marignier, Romain, Cobo-Calvo, Alvaro, Asgari, Nasrin, Jacob, Anu, Huda, Saif, Mao-Draayer, Yang, Green, Ari, Kenney, Rachel, Yeaman, Michael, Smith, Terry, Cook, Lawrence, Brandt, Alexander, Paul, Friedemann, and Petzold, Axel
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neuroimmunology ,neuroophthalmology ,vision ,Humans ,Neuromyelitis Optica ,Retrospective Studies ,Benchmarking ,Optic Neuritis ,Tomography ,Optical Coherence ,Autoantibodies ,Aquaporins ,Aquaporin 4 - Abstract
BACKGROUND: The novel optic neuritis (ON) diagnostic criteria include intereye differences (IED) of optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters. IED has proven valuable for ON diagnosis in multiple sclerosis but has not been evaluated in aquaporin-4 antibody seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (AQP4+NMOSD). We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of intereye absolute (IEAD) and percentage difference (IEPD) in AQP4+NMOSD after unilateral ON >6 months before OCT as compared with healthy controls (HC). METHODS: Twenty-eight AQP4+NMOSD after unilateral ON (NMOSD-ON), 62 HC and 45 AQP4+NMOSD without ON history (NMOSD-NON) were recruited by 13 centres as part of the international Collaborative Retrospective Study on retinal OCT in Neuromyelitis Optica study. Mean thickness of peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (pRNFL) and macular ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) were quantified by Spectralis spectral domain OCT. Threshold values of the ON diagnostic criteria (pRNFL: IEAD 5 µm, IEPD 5%; GCIPL: IEAD: 4 µm, IEPD: 4%) were evaluated using receiver operating characteristics and area under the curve (AUC) metrics. RESULTS: The discriminative power was high for NMOSD-ON versus HC for IEAD (pRNFL: AUC 0.95, specificity 82%, sensitivity 86%; GCIPL: AUC 0.93, specificity 98%, sensitivity 75%) and IEPD (pRNFL: AUC 0.96, specificity 87%, sensitivity 89%; GCIPL: AUC 0.94, specificity 96%, sensitivity 82%). The discriminative power was high/moderate for NMOSD-ON versus NMOSD-NON for IEAD (pRNFL: AUC 0.92, specificity 77%, sensitivity 86%; GCIP: AUC 0.87, specificity 85%, sensitivity 75%) and for IEPD (pRNFL: AUC 0.94, specificity 82%, sensitivity 89%; GCIP: AUC 0.88, specificity 82%, sensitivity 82%). CONCLUSIONS: Results support the validation of the IED metrics as OCT parameters of the novel diagnostic ON criteria in AQP4+NMOSD.
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- 2023
5. Visually Evoked Potential as Prognostic Biomarker for Neuroaxonal Damage in Multiple Sclerosis From a Multicenter Longitudinal Cohort
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Oertel, Frederike Cosima, Krämer, Julia, Motamedi, Seyedamirhosein, Keihani, Azeen, Zimmermann, Hanna G, Dimitriou, Nikolaos G, Condor-Montes, Shivany, Bereuter, Charlotte, Cordano, Christian, Abdelhak, Ahmed, Trip, Anand, Aktas, Orhan, Meuth, Sven G, Wiendl, Heinz, Ruprecht, Klemens, Bellmann-Strobl, Judith, Paul, Friedemann, Petzold, Axel, Brandt, Alexander U, Albrecht, Philipp, and Green, Ari J
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Ophthalmology and Optometry ,Neurodegenerative ,Clinical Research ,Multiple Sclerosis ,Neurosciences ,Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision ,Brain Disorders ,Autoimmune Disease ,Eye ,Neurological ,Humans ,Male ,Evoked Potentials ,Optic Neuritis ,Prognosis ,Retina ,Retinal Ganglion Cells ,Female ,Adult ,Middle Aged - Abstract
Background and objectivesWith the increasing use of visually evoked potentials (VEPs) as quantitative outcome parameters for myelin in clinical trials, an in-depth understanding of longitudinal VEP latency changes and their prognostic potential for subsequent neuronal loss will be required. In this longitudinal multicenter study, we evaluated the association and prognostic potential of VEP latency for retinal neurodegeneration, measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT), in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS).MethodsWe included 293 eyes of 147 patients with RRMS (age [years, median ± SD] 36 ± 10, male sex 35%, F/U [years, median {IQR} 2.1 {1.5-3.9}]): 41 eyes had a history of optic neuritis (ON) ≥6 months before baseline (CHRONIC-ON), and 252 eyes had no history of ON (CHRONIC-NON). P100 latency (VEP), macular combined ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer volume (GCIPL), and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (pRNFL) (OCT) were quantified.ResultsP100 latency change over the first year predicted subsequent GCIPL loss (36 months) across the entire chronic cohort (p = 0.001) and in (and driven by) the CHRONIC-NON subset (p = 0.019) but not in the CHRONIC-ON subset (p = 0.680). P100 latency and pRNFL were correlated at baseline (CHRONIC-NON p = 0.004, CHRONIC-ON p < 0.001), but change in P100 latency and pRNFL were not correlated. P100 latency did not differ longitudinally between protocols or centers.DiscussionVEP in non-ON eyes seems to be a promising marker of demyelination in RRMS and of potential prognostic value for subsequent retinal ganglion cell loss. This study also provides evidence that VEP may be a useful and reliable biomarker for multicenter studies.
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- 2023
6. On Distributed Gravitational N-Body Simulations
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Brandt, Alexander
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Computer Science - Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science ,Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing ,Computer Science - Mathematical Software - Abstract
The N-body problem is a classic problem involving a system of N discrete bodies mutually interacting in a dynamical system. At any moment in time there are N*(N - 1)/2 such interactions occurring. This scaling as N^2 leads to computational difficulties where simulations range from tens of thousands of bodies to many millions. Approximation algorithms, such as the famous Barnes-Hut algorithm, simplify the number of interactions to scale as N(log N). Even still, this improvement in complexity is insufficient to achieve the desired performance for very large simulations on computing clusters with many nodes and many cores. In this work we explore a variety of algorithmic techniques for distributed and parallel variations on the Barnes-Hut algorithm to improve parallelism and reduce inter-process communication requirements. Explicit algorithms and details are provided for reproducibility. Our MPI implementation of distributed gravitational N-body simulation, freely available on GitHub, is evaluated on a cluster of 10 nodes, each with two 6-core CPUs, to test the effectiveness and scalability of the aforementioned techniques., Comment: 41 pages, 10 figures
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- 2022
7. Central Macular Topographic and Volumetric Measures: New Biomarkers for Detection of Glaucoma
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Mohammadzadeh, Vahid, Cheng, Melodyanne, Zadeh, Sepideh Heydar, Edalati, Kiumars, Yalzadeh, Dariush, Caprioli, Joseph, Yadav, Sunil, Kadas, Ella M, Brandt, Alexander U, and Nouri-Mahdavi, Kouros
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Ophthalmology and Optometry ,Prevention ,Neurosciences ,Neurodegenerative ,Aging ,Clinical Research ,Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision ,Detection ,screening and diagnosis ,4.2 Evaluation of markers and technologies ,Eye ,Biomarkers ,Glaucoma ,Humans ,Nerve Fibers ,ROC Curve ,Retinal Ganglion Cells ,Tomography ,Optical Coherence ,optical coherence tomography ,macula ,foveal shape ,topography ,volume ,deep learning ,gradient boost model ,Biomedical Engineering ,Opthalmology and Optometry ,Ophthalmology and optometry - Abstract
PurposeTo test the hypothesis that newly developed shape measures using optical coherence tomography (OCT) macular volume scans can discriminate patients with perimetric glaucoma from healthy subjects.MethodsOCT structural measures defining macular topography and volume were recently developed based on cubic Bézier curves. We exported macular volume scans from 135 eyes with glaucoma (133 patients) and 155 healthy eyes (85 subjects) and estimated global and quadrant-based measures. The best subset of measures to predict glaucoma was explored with a gradient boost model (GBM) with subsequent logistic regression. Accuracy and area under receiver operating curves (AUC) were the primary metrics. In addition, we separately investigated model performance in 66 eyes with mild glaucoma (mean deviation ≥ -6 dB).ResultsAverage (±SD) 24-2 mean deviation was -8.2 (±6.1) dB in eyes with glaucoma. The main predictive measures for glaucoma were temporal inferior rim height, nasal inferior pit volume, and temporal inferior pit depth. Lower values for these measures predicted higher risk of glaucoma. Sensitivity, specificity, and AUC for discriminating between healthy and glaucoma eyes were 81.5% (95% CI = 76.6-91.9%), 89.7% (95% CI = 78.7-94.2%), and 0.915 (95% CI = 0.882-0.948), respectively. Corresponding metrics for mild glaucoma were 84.8% (95% CI = 72.1%-95.5%), 85.8% (95% CI = 87.1%-97.4%), and 0.913 (95% CI = 0.867-0.958), respectively.ConclusionsNovel macular shape biomarkers detect early glaucoma with clinically relevant performance. Such biomarkers do not depend on intraretinal segmentation accuracy and may be helpful in eyes with suboptimal macular segmentation.Translational relevanceMacular shape biomarkers provide valuable information for detection of early glaucoma and may provide additional information beyond thickness measurements.
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- 2022
8. Astrocytic outer retinal layer thinning is not a feature in AQP4-IgG seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
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Lu, Angelo, Zimmermann, Hanna G, Specovius, Svenja, Motamedi, Seyedamirhosein, Chien, Claudia, Bereuter, Charlotte, Lana-Peixoto, Marco A, Fontenelle, Mariana Andrade, Ashtari, Fereshteh, Kafieh, Rahele, Dehghani, Alireza, Pourazizi, Mohsen, Pandit, Lekha, D'Cunha, Anitha, Kim, Ho Jin, Hyun, Jae-Won, Jung, Su-Kyung, Leocani, Letizia, Pisa, Marco, Radaelli, Marta, Siritho, Sasitorn, May, Eugene F, Tongco, Caryl, De Sèze, Jérôme, Senger, Thomas, Palace, Jacqueline, Roca-Fernández, Adriana, Leite, Maria Isabel, Sharma, Srilakshmi M, Stiebel-Kalish, Hadas, Asgari, Nasrin, Soelberg, Kerstin Kathrine, Martinez-Lapiscina, Elena H, Havla, Joachim, Mao-Draayer, Yang, Rimler, Zoe, Reid, Allyson, Marignier, Romain, Cobo-Calvo, Alvaro, Altintas, Ayse, Tanriverdi, Uygur, Yildirim, Rengin, Aktas, Orhan, Ringelstein, Marius, Albrecht, Philipp, Tavares, Ivan Maynart, Bichuetti, Denis Bernardi, Jacob, Anu, Huda, Saif, de Castillo, Ibis Soto, Petzold, Axel, Green, Ari J, Yeaman, Michael R, Smith, Terry J, Cook, Lawrence, Paul, Friedemann, Brandt, Alexander U, and Oertel, Frederike Cosima
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Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision ,Brain Disorders ,Neurosciences ,Neurodegenerative ,Adult ,Aquaporin 4 ,Astrocytes ,Autoantibodies ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Female ,Humans ,Male ,Middle Aged ,Neuromyelitis Optica ,Retina ,Tomography ,Optical Coherence ,vision ,clinical neurology ,ophthalmology ,GJCF International Clinical Consortium for NMOSD ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Psychology and Cognitive Sciences ,Neurology & Neurosurgery - Abstract
BackgroundPatients with anti-aquaporin-4 antibody seropositive (AQP4-IgG+) neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) frequently suffer from optic neuritis (ON) leading to severe retinal neuroaxonal damage. Further, the relationship of this retinal damage to a primary astrocytopathy in NMOSD is uncertain. Primary astrocytopathy has been suggested to cause ON-independent retinal damage and contribute to changes particularly in the outer plexiform layer (OPL) and outer nuclear layer (ONL), as reported in some earlier studies. However, these were limited in their sample size and contradictory as to the localisation. This study assesses outer retinal layer changes using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in a multicentre cross-sectional cohort.Method197 patients who were AQP4-IgG+ and 32 myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein antibody seropositive (MOG-IgG+) patients were enrolled in this study along with 75 healthy controls. Participants underwent neurological examination and OCT with central postprocessing conducted at a single site.ResultsNo significant thinning of OPL (25.02±2.03 µm) or ONL (61.63±7.04 µm) were observed in patients who were AQP4-IgG+ compared with patients who were MOG-IgG+ with comparable neuroaxonal damage (OPL: 25.10±2.00 µm; ONL: 64.71±7.87 µm) or healthy controls (OPL: 24.58±1.64 µm; ONL: 63.59±5.78 µm). Eyes of patients who were AQP4-IgG+ (19.84±5.09 µm, p=0.027) and MOG-IgG+ (19.82±4.78 µm, p=0.004) with a history of ON showed parafoveal OPL thinning compared with healthy controls (20.99±5.14 µm); this was not observed elsewhere.ConclusionThe results suggest that outer retinal layer loss is not a consistent component of retinal astrocytic damage in AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD. Longitudinal studies are necessary to determine if OPL and ONL are damaged in late disease due to retrograde trans-synaptic axonal degeneration and whether outer retinal dysfunction occurs despite any measurable structural correlates.
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- 2022
9. Multivariate Power Series in Maple
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Asadi, Mohammadali, Brandt, Alexander, Kazemi, Mahsa, Maza, Marc Moreno, and Postma, Erik
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Computer Science - Symbolic Computation - Abstract
We present MultivariatePowerSeries, a Maple library introduced in Maple 2021, providing a variety of methods to study formal multivariate power series and univariate polynomials over such series. This library offers a simple and easy-to-use user interface. Its implementation relies on lazy evaluation techniques and takes advantage of Maple's features for object-oriented programming. The exposed methods include Weierstrass Preparation Theorem and factorization via Hensel's lemma. The computational performance is demonstrated by means of an experimental comparison with software counterparts.
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- 2021
10. On the Complexity and Parallel Implementation of Hensel's Lemma and Weierstrass Preparation
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Brandt, Alexander and Maza, Marc Moreno
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Computer Science - Symbolic Computation ,Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing ,Computer Science - Mathematical Software - Abstract
Hensel's lemma, combined with repeated applications of Weierstrass preparation theorem, allows for the factorization of polynomials with multivariate power series coefficients. We present a complexity analysis for this method and leverage those results to guide the load-balancing of a parallel implementation to concurrently update all factors. In particular, the factorization creates a pipeline where the terms of degree k of the first factor are computed simultaneously with the terms of degree k-1 of the second factor, etc. An implementation challenge is the inherent irregularity of computational work between factors, as our complexity analysis reveals. Additional resource utilization and load-balancing is achieved through the parallelization of Weierstrass preparation. Experimental results show the efficacy of this mixed parallel scheme, achieving up to 9x parallel speedup on 12 cores., Comment: 21 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Computer Algebra in Scientific Computing CASC 2021
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- 2021
11. Seltene Erkrankungen mit retroperitonealer Beteiligung
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Brandt, Alexander Sascha, Goedde, Daniel, Roth, Stephan, Section editor, Michel, Maurice Stephan, editor, W. Thüroff, Joachim, editor, Janetschek, Günter, editor, and Wirth, Manfred P., editor
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- 2023
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12. Retroperitoneale Tumoren
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Brandt, Alexander Sascha, Goedde, Daniel, Kamper, Lars, Schmalz, Oliver, Haage, Patrick, Störkel, Stephan, Roth, Stephan, Michel, Maurice Stephan, editor, W. Thüroff, Joachim, editor, Janetschek, Günter, editor, and Wirth, Manfred P., editor
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- 2023
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13. Retroperitoneale Fibrose (Morbus Ormond)
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Brandt, Alexander Sascha, Goedde, Daniel, Kamper, Lars, Haage, Patrick, Störkel, Stephan, Roth, Stephan, Michel, Maurice Stephan, editor, W. Thüroff, Joachim, editor, Janetschek, Günter, editor, and Wirth, Manfred P., editor
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- 2023
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14. A Modular Algorithm for Computing the Intersection of a One-Dimensional Quasi-Component and a Hypersurface
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Brandt, Alexander, González Trochez, Juan Pablo, Moreno Maza, Marc, Yuan, Haoze, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Boulier, François, editor, England, Matthew, editor, Kotsireas, Ilias, editor, Sadykov, Timur M., editor, and Vorozhtsov, Evgenii V., editor
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- 2023
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15. Retinal Optical Coherence Tomography in Neuromyelitis Optica.
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Oertel, Frederike, Specovius, Svenja, Zimmermann, Hanna, Chien, Claudia, Motamedi, Seyedamirhosein, Bereuter, Charlotte, Cook, Lawrence, Lana Peixoto, Marco, Fontanelle, Mariana, Kim, Ho, Hyun, Jae-Won, Palace, Jacqueline, Roca-Fernandez, Adriana, Leite, Maria, Sharma, Srilakshmi, Ashtari, Fereshteh, Kafieh, Rahele, Dehghani, Alireza, Pourazizi, Mohsen, Pandit, Lekha, DCunha, Anitha, Aktas, Orhan, Ringelstein, Marius, Albrecht, Philipp, May, Eugene, Tongco, Caryl, Leocani, Letizia, Pisa, Marco, Radaelli, Marta, Martinez-Lapiscina, Elena, Stiebel-Kalish, Hadas, Siritho, Sasitorn, de Seze, Jérome, Senger, Thomas, Havla, Joachim, Marignier, Romain, Cobo-Calvo, Alvaro, Bichuetti, Denis, Tavares, Ivan, Asgari, Nasrin, Soelberg, Kerstin, Altintas, Ayse, Yildirim, Rengin, Tanriverdi, Uygur, Jacob, Anu, Huda, Saif, Rimler, Zoe, Reid, Allyson, Mao-Draayer, Yang, Soto de Castillo, Ibis, Petzold, Axel, Green, Ari, Yeaman, Michael, Smith, Terry, Brandt, Alexander, and Paul, Friedemann
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Adult ,Aquaporin 4 ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Female ,Humans ,Male ,Middle Aged ,Neuromyelitis Optica ,Optic Neuritis ,Retinal Neurons ,Retrospective Studies ,Tomography ,Optical Coherence ,Young Adult - Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To determine optic nerve and retinal damage in aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-IgG)-seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) in a large international cohort after previous studies have been limited by small and heterogeneous cohorts. METHODS: The cross-sectional Collaborative Retrospective Study on retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) in neuromyelitis optica collected retrospective data from 22 centers. Of 653 screened participants, we included 283 AQP4-IgG-seropositive patients with NMOSD and 72 healthy controls (HCs). Participants underwent OCT with central reading including quality control and intraretinal segmentation. The primary outcome was thickness of combined ganglion cell and inner plexiform (GCIP) layer; secondary outcomes were thickness of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and visual acuity (VA). RESULTS: Eyes with ON (NMOSD-ON, N = 260) or without ON (NMOSD-NON, N = 241) were assessed compared with HCs (N = 136). In NMOSD-ON, GCIP layer (57.4 ± 12.2 μm) was reduced compared with HC (GCIP layer: 81.4 ± 5.7 μm, p < 0.001). GCIP layer loss (-22.7 μm) after the first ON was higher than after the next (-3.5 μm) and subsequent episodes. pRNFL observations were similar. NMOSD-NON exhibited reduced GCIP layer but not pRNFL compared with HC. VA was greatly reduced in NMOSD-ON compared with HC eyes, but did not differ between NMOSD-NON and HC. DISCUSSION: Our results emphasize that attack prevention is key to avoid severe neuroaxonal damage and vision loss caused by ON in NMOSD. Therapies ameliorating attack-related damage, especially during a first attack, are an unmet clinical need. Mild signs of neuroaxonal changes without apparent vision loss in ON-unaffected eyes might be solely due to contralateral ON attacks and do not suggest clinically relevant progression but need further investigation.
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- 2021
16. Optical coherence tomography reflects clinically relevant gray matter damage in patients with multiple sclerosis
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Cagol, Alessandro, Fuertes, Nuria Cerdá, Stoessel, Marc, Barakovic, Muhamed, Schaedelin, Sabine, D’Souza, Marcus, Würfel, Jens, Brandt, Alexander U., Kappos, Ludwig, Sprenger, Till, Naegelin, Yvonne, Kuhle, Jens, Granziera, Cristina, and Papadopoulou, Athina
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- 2023
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17. Hydrostatic pressure of the renal pelvis as a radiation-free alternative to fluoroscopic nephrostogram following percutaneous nephrolithotomy
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Dreger, Nici Markus, Stapelmann, Dominik, Rebacz, Patrick, Roth, Stephan, Brandt, Alexander Sascha, von Rundstedt, Friedrich-Carl, and Degener, Stephan
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- 2023
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18. Artificial intelligence extension of the OSCAR-IB criteria.
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Petzold, Axel, Albrecht, Philipp, Balcer, Laura, Bekkers, Erik, Brandt, Alexander U, Calabresi, Peter A, Deborah, Orla Galvin, Graves, Jennifer S, Green, Ari, Keane, Pearse A, Nij Bijvank, Jenny A, Sander, Josemir W, Paul, Friedemann, Saidha, Shiv, Villoslada, Pablo, Wagner, Siegfried K, Yeh, E Ann, and IMSVISUAL, ERN-EYE Consortium
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IMSVISUAL ,ERN-EYE Consortium ,Clinical Sciences ,Neurosciences - Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI)-based diagnostic algorithms have achieved ambitious aims through automated image pattern recognition. For neurological disorders, this includes neurodegeneration and inflammation. Scalable imaging technology for big data in neurology is optical coherence tomography (OCT). We highlight that OCT changes observed in the retina, as a window to the brain, are small, requiring rigorous quality control pipelines. There are existing tools for this purpose. Firstly, there are human-led validated consensus quality control criteria (OSCAR-IB) for OCT. Secondly, these criteria are embedded into OCT reporting guidelines (APOSTEL). The use of the described annotation of failed OCT scans advances machine learning. This is illustrated through the present review of the advantages and disadvantages of AI-based applications to OCT data. The neurological conditions reviewed here for the use of big data include Alzheimer disease, stroke, multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson disease, and epilepsy. It is noted that while big data is relevant for AI, ownership is complex. For this reason, we also reached out to involve representatives from patient organizations and the public domain in addition to clinical and research centers. The evidence reviewed can be grouped in a five-point expansion of the OSCAR-IB criteria to embrace AI (OSCAR-AI). The review concludes by specific recommendations on how this can be achieved practically and in compliance with existing guidelines.
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- 2021
19. Discrimination of multiple sclerosis using OCT images from two different centers
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Khodabandeh, Zahra, Rabbani, Hossein, Ashtari, Fereshteh, Zimmermann, Hanna G., Motamedi, Seyedamirhosein, Brandt, Alexander U., Paul, Friedemann, and Kafieh, Rahele
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- 2023
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20. KLARAPTOR: A Tool for Dynamically Finding Optimal Kernel Launch Parameters Targeting CUDA Programs
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Brandt, Alexander, Mohajerani, Davood, Maza, Marc Moreno, Paudel, Jeeva, and Wang, Linxiao
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Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing ,Computer Science - Performance - Abstract
In this paper we present KLARAPTOR (Kernel LAunch parameters RAtional Program estimaTOR), a new tool built on top of the LLVM Pass Framework and NVIDIA CUPTI API to dynamically determine the optimal values of kernel launch parameters of a CUDA program P. To be precise, we describe a novel technique to statically build (at the compile time of P) a so-called rational program R. Using a performance prediction model, and knowing particular data and hardware parameters of P at runtime, the program R can automatically and dynamically determine the values of launch parameters of P that will yield optimal performance. Our technique can be applied to parallel programs in general, as well as to generic performance prediction models which account for program and hardware parameters. We are particularly interested in programs targeting manycore accelerators. We have implemented and successfully tested our technique in the context of GPU kernels written in CUDA using the MWP-CWP performance prediction model., Comment: 10 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1906.00142
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- 2019
21. A Technique for Finding Optimal Program Launch Parameters Targeting Manycore Accelerators
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Brandt, Alexander, Mohajerani, Davood, Maza, Marc Moreno, Paudel, Jeeva, and Wang, Lin-Xiao
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Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing ,Computer Science - Performance - Abstract
In this paper, we present a new technique to dynamically determine the values of program parameters in order to optimize the performance of a multithreaded program P. To be precise, we describe a novel technique to statically build another program, say, R, that can dynamically determine the optimal values of program parameters to yield the best program performance for P given values for its data and hardware parameters. While this technique can be applied to parallel programs in general, we are particularly interested in programs targeting manycore accelerators. Our technique has successfully been employed for GPU kernels using the MWP-CWP performance model for CUDA.
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- 2019
22. On the Parallelization of Triangular Decomposition of Polynomial Systems
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Asadi, Mohammadali, Brandt, Alexander, Moir, Robert H. C., Maza, Marc Moreno, and Xie, Yuzhen
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Computer Science - Symbolic Computation ,Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing ,Computer Science - Mathematical Software - Abstract
We discuss the parallelization of algorithms for solving polynomial systems symbolically by way of triangular decomposition. Algorithms for solving polynomial systems combine low-level routines for performing arithmetic operations on polynomials and high-level procedures which produce the different components (points, curves, surfaces) of the solution set. The latter "component-level" parallelization of triangular decompositions, our focus here, belongs to the class of dynamic irregular parallel applications. Possible speedup factors depend on geometrical properties of the solution set (number of components, their dimensions and degrees); these algorithms do not scale with the number of processors. In this paper we combine two different concurrency schemes, the fork-join model and producer-consumer patterns, to better capture opportunities for component-level parallelization. We report on our implementation with the publicly available BPAS library. Our experimentation with 340 systems yields promising results.
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- 2019
23. Uncovering convolutional neural network decisions for diagnosing multiple sclerosis on conventional MRI using layer-wise relevance propagation
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Eitel, Fabian, Soehler, Emily, Bellmann-Strobl, Judith, Brandt, Alexander U., Ruprecht, Klemens, Giess, René M., Kuchling, Joseph, Asseyer, Susanna, Weygandt, Martin, Haynes, John-Dylan, Scheel, Michael, Paul, Friedemann, and Ritter, Kerstin
- Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Abstract
Machine learning-based imaging diagnostics has recently reached or even superseded the level of clinical experts in several clinical domains. However, classification decisions of a trained machine learning system are typically non-transparent, a major hindrance for clinical integration, error tracking or knowledge discovery. In this study, we present a transparent deep learning framework relying on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and layer-wise relevance propagation (LRP) for diagnosing multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is commonly diagnosed utilizing a combination of clinical presentation and conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), specifically the occurrence and presentation of white matter lesions in T2-weighted images. We hypothesized that using LRP in a naive predictive model would enable us to uncover relevant image features that a trained CNN uses for decision-making. Since imaging markers in MS are well-established this would enable us to validate the respective CNN model. First, we pre-trained a CNN on MRI data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (n = 921), afterwards specializing the CNN to discriminate between MS patients and healthy controls (n = 147). Using LRP, we then produced a heatmap for each subject in the holdout set depicting the voxel-wise relevance for a particular classification decision. The resulting CNN model resulted in a balanced accuracy of 87.04% and an area under the curve of 96.08% in a receiver operating characteristic curve. The subsequent LRP visualization revealed that the CNN model focuses indeed on individual lesions, but also incorporates additional information such as lesion location, non-lesional white matter or gray matter areas such as the thalamus, which are established conventional and advanced MRI markers in MS. We conclude that LRP and the proposed framework have the capability to make diagnostic decisions of...
- Published
- 2019
24. N-acetylglucosamine drives myelination by triggering oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation.
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Sy, Michael, Brandt, Alexander U, Lee, Sung-Uk, Newton, Barbara L, Pawling, Judy, Golzar, Autreen, Rahman, Anas MA, Yu, Zhaoxia, Cooper, Graham, Scheel, Michael, Paul, Friedemann, Dennis, James W, and Demetriou, Michael
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Myelin Sheath ,Animals ,Mice ,Inbred C57BL ,Mice ,Demyelinating Diseases ,Receptor ,Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha ,Acetylglucosamine ,Neuroprotective Agents ,Administration ,Oral ,Signal Transduction ,Cell Differentiation ,Endocytosis ,Female ,Male ,Biomarkers ,Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells ,N-acetylglucosamine ,N-glycan branching ,N-linked glycosylation ,metabolism ,multiple sclerosis ,myelin ,myelin repair ,myelination ,oligodendrocyte ,oligodendrocyte precursor cell ,oligodendrocytes ,Chemical Sciences ,Biological Sciences ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Biochemistry & Molecular Biology - Abstract
Myelination plays an important role in cognitive development and in demyelinating diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS), where failure of remyelination promotes permanent neuro-axonal damage. Modification of cell surface receptors with branched N-glycans coordinates cell growth and differentiation by controlling glycoprotein clustering, signaling, and endocytosis. GlcNAc is a rate-limiting metabolite for N-glycan branching. Here we report that GlcNAc and N-glycan branching trigger oligodendrogenesis from precursor cells by inhibiting platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α cell endocytosis. Supplying oral GlcNAc to lactating mice drives primary myelination in newborn pups via secretion in breast milk, whereas genetically blocking N-glycan branching markedly inhibits primary myelination. In adult mice with toxin (cuprizone)-induced demyelination, oral GlcNAc prevents neuro-axonal damage by driving myelin repair. In MS patients, endogenous serum GlcNAc levels inversely correlated with imaging measures of demyelination and microstructural damage. Our data identify N-glycan branching and GlcNAc as critical regulators of primary myelination and myelin repair and suggest that oral GlcNAc may be neuroprotective in demyelinating diseases like MS.
- Published
- 2020
25. Cohort profile: a collaborative multicentre study of retinal optical coherence tomography in 539 patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (CROCTINO).
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Specovius, Svenja, Zimmermann, Hanna G, Oertel, Frederike Cosima, Chien, Claudia, Bereuter, Charlotte, Cook, Lawrence J, Lana Peixoto, Marco Aurélio, Fontenelle, Mariana Andrade, Kim, Ho Jin, Hyun, Jae-Won, Jung, Su-Kyung, Palace, Jacqueline, Roca-Fernandez, Adriana, Diaz, Alejandro Rubio, Leite, Maria Isabel, Sharma, Srilakshmi M, Ashtari, Fereshte, Kafieh, Rahele, Dehghani, Alireza, Pourazizi, Mohsen, Pandit, Lekha, Dcunha, Anitha, Aktas, Orhan, Ringelstein, Marius, Albrecht, Philipp, May, Eugene, Tongco, Caryl, Leocani, Letizia, Pisa, Marco, Radaelli, Marta, Martinez-Lapiscina, Elena H, Stiebel-Kalish, Hadas, Hellmann, Mark, Lotan, Itay, Siritho, Sasitorn, de Seze, Jérôme, Senger, Thomas, Havla, Joachim, Marignier, Romain, Tilikete, Caroline, Cobo Calvo, Alvaro, Bichuetti, Denis Bernardi, Tavares, Ivan Maynart, Asgari, Nasrin, Soelberg, Kerstin, Altintas, Ayse, Yildirim, Rengin, Tanriverdi, Uygur, Jacob, Anu, Huda, Saif, Rimler, Zoe, Reid, Allyson, Mao-Draayer, Yang, de Castillo, Ibis Soto, Yeaman, Michael R, Smith, Terry J, Brandt, Alexander U, Paul, Friedemann, and GJCF International Clinical Consortium for NMOSD
- Subjects
GJCF International Clinical Consortium for NMOSD ,medical retina ,neuro-ophthalmology ,neurology ,radiology & imaging ,radiology & ,imaging ,Clinical Sciences ,Public Health and Health Services ,Other Medical and Health Sciences - Abstract
PurposeOptical coherence tomography (OCT) captures retinal damage in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). Previous studies investigating OCT in NMOSD have been limited by the rareness and heterogeneity of the disease. The goal of this study was to establish an image repository platform, which will facilitate neuroimaging studies in NMOSD. Here we summarise the profile of the Collaborative OCT in NMOSD repository as the initial effort in establishing this platform. This repository should prove invaluable for studies using OCT to investigate NMOSD.ParticipantsThe current cohort includes data from 539 patients with NMOSD and 114 healthy controls. These were collected at 22 participating centres from North and South America, Asia and Europe. The dataset consists of demographic details, diagnosis, antibody status, clinical disability, visual function, history of optic neuritis and other NMOSD defining attacks, and OCT source data from three different OCT devices.Findings to dateThe cohort informs similar demographic and clinical characteristics as those of previously published NMOSD cohorts. The image repository platform and centre network continue to be available for future prospective neuroimaging studies in NMOSD. For the conduct of the study, we have refined OCT image quality criteria and developed a cross-device intraretinal segmentation pipeline.Future plansWe are pursuing several scientific projects based on the repository, such as analysing retinal layer thickness measurements, in this cohort in an attempt to identify differences between distinct disease phenotypes, demographics and ethnicities. The dataset will be available for further projects to interested, qualified parties, such as those using specialised image analysis or artificial intelligence applications.
- Published
- 2020
26. Effect of vitamin D supplementation on N-glycan branching and cellular immunophenotypes in MS.
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Bäcker-Koduah, Priscilla, Infante-Duarte, Carmen, Ivaldi, Federico, Uccelli, Antonio, Bellmann-Strobl, Judith, Wernecke, Klaus-Dieter, Sy, Michael, Demetriou, Michael, Dörr, Jan, Paul, Friedemann, and Ulrich Brandt, Alexander
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B-Lymphocyte Subsets ,Killer Cells ,Natural ,T-Lymphocyte Subsets ,Humans ,Multiple Sclerosis ,Relapsing-Remitting ,Cholecalciferol ,Polysaccharides ,Immunologic Factors ,Treatment Outcome ,Dietary Supplements ,Adult ,Middle Aged ,Female ,Male ,Clinical Research ,Prevention ,Neurodegenerative ,Brain Disorders ,Nutrition ,Neurosciences ,Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities ,Complementary and Integrative Health ,HIV/AIDS ,Autoimmune Disease ,Multiple Sclerosis ,Clinical Sciences - Abstract
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) supplementation on peripheral immune cell frequency and N-glycan branching in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS).MethodsExploratory analysis of high-dose (20 400 IU) and low-dose (400 IU) vitamin D3 supplementation taken every other day of an 18-month randomized controlled clinical trial including 38 RRMS patients on stable immunomodulatory therapy (NCT01440062). We investigated cholecalciferol treatment effects on N-glycan branching using L-PHA stain (phaseolus vulgaris leukoagglutinin) at 6 months and frequencies of T-, B-, and NK-cell subpopulations at 12 months with flow cytometry.ResultsHigh-dose supplementation did not change CD3+ T cell subsets, CD19+ B cells subsets, and NK cells frequencies, except for CD8+ T regulatory cells, which were reduced in the low-dose arm compared to the high-dose arm at 12 months. High-dose supplementation decreased N-glycan branching on T and NK cells, measured as L-PHA mean fluorescence intensity (MFI). A reduction of N-glycan branching in B cells was not significant. In contrast, low-dose supplementation did not affect N-glycan branching. Changes in N-glycan branching did not correlate with cell frequencies.InterpretationImmunomodulatory effect of vitamin D may involve regulation of N-glycan branching in vivo. Vitamin D3 supplementation did at large not affect the frequencies of peripheral immune cells.
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- 2020
27. Functionally Relevant Maculopathy and Optic Atrophy in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1
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Oertel, Frederike Cosima, Zeitz, Oliver, Rönnefarth, Maria, Bereuter, Charlotte, Motamedi, Seyedamirhosein, Zimmermann, Hanna G, Kuchling, Joseph, Grosch, Anne Sophie, Doss, Sarah, Browne, Andrew, Paul, Friedemann, Schmitz‐Hübsch, Tanja, and Brandt, Alexander U
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Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Ophthalmology and Optometry ,Clinical Research ,Rare Diseases ,Neurodegenerative ,Neurosciences ,Brain Disorders ,Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision ,Eye ,SCA-ATXN1 ,SCA1 ,optical coherence tomography ,optic atrophy ,maculopathy ,SCA‐ATXN1 ,Clinical sciences - Abstract
BackgroundSpinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA-ATXN1) is an inherited progressive ataxia disorder characterized by an adult-onset cerebellar syndrome combined with nonataxia signs. Retinal or optic nerve affection are not systematically described.ObjectivesTo describe a retinal phenotype and its functional relevance in SCA-ATXN1.MethodsWe applied optical coherence tomography (OCT) in 20 index cases with SCA-ATXN1 and 22 healthy controls (HCs), investigating qualitative changes and quantifying the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness and combined ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer (GCIP) volume as markers of optic atrophy and outer retinal layers as markers of maculopathy. Visual function was assessed by high- (HC-VA) and low-contrast visual acuity (LC-VA) and the Hardy-Rand-Rittler pseudoisochromatic test for color vision.ResultsFive patients (25%) showed distinct maculopathies in the ellipsoid zone (EZ). Furthermore, pRNFL (P
- Published
- 2020
28. A Modular Algorithm for Computing the Intersection of a One-Dimensional Quasi-Component and a Hypersurface
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Brandt, Alexander, primary, González Trochez, Juan Pablo, additional, Moreno Maza, Marc, additional, and Yuan, Haoze, additional
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- 2023
- Full Text
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29. Retroperitoneale Tumoren
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Brandt, Alexander Sascha, primary, Goedde, Daniel, additional, Kamper, Lars, additional, Schmalz, Oliver, additional, Haage, Patrick, additional, Störkel, Stephan, additional, and Roth, Stephan, additional
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Subresultant Chains Using Bézout Matrices
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Asadi, Mohammadali, Brandt, Alexander, Jeffrey, David J., Maza, Marc Moreno, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Boulier, François, editor, England, Matthew, editor, Sadykov, Timur M., editor, and Vorozhtsov, Evgenii V., editor
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Parallelization of triangular decompositions: Techniques and implementation
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Asadi, Mohammadali, Brandt, Alexander, Moir, Robert H.C., Moreno Maza, Marc, and Xie, Yuzhen
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Diagnosis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease: International MOGAD Panel proposed criteria
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Banwell, Brenda, Bennett, Jeffrey L, Marignier, Romain, Kim, Ho Jin, Brilot, Fabienne, Flanagan, Eoin P, Ramanathan, Sudarshini, Waters, Patrick, Tenembaum, Silvia, Graves, Jennifer S, Chitnis, Tanuja, Brandt, Alexander U, Hemingway, Cheryl, Neuteboom, Rinze, Pandit, Lekha, Reindl, Markus, Saiz, Albert, Sato, Douglas Kazutoshi, Rostasy, Kevin, Paul, Friedemann, Pittock, Sean J, Fujihara, Kazuo, and Palace, Jacqueline
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. A large CRISPR-induced bystander mutation causes immune dysregulation.
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Simeonov, Dimitre R, Brandt, Alexander J, Chan, Alice Y, Cortez, Jessica T, Li, Zhongmei, Woo, Jonathan M, Lee, Youjin, Carvalho, Claudia MB, Indart, Alyssa C, Roth, Theodore L, Zou, James, May, Andrew P, Lupski, James R, Anderson, Mark S, Buaas, F William, Rokhsar, Daniel S, and Marson, Alexander
- Subjects
T-Lymphocytes ,Cells ,Cultured ,Animals ,Mice ,Inbred NOD ,DNA Damage ,DNA Repair ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Gene Duplication ,Base Sequence ,Mutation ,T-Lymphocytes ,Regulatory ,Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit ,CRISPR-Cas Systems ,Gene Editing ,Cells ,Cultured ,Mice ,Inbred NOD ,Regulatory - Abstract
A persistent concern with CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing has been the potential to generate mutations at off-target genomic sites. While CRISPR-engineering mice to delete a ~360 bp intronic enhancer, here we discovered a founder line that had marked immune dysregulation caused by a 24 kb tandem duplication of the sequence adjacent to the on-target deletion. Our results suggest unintended repair of on-target genomic cuts can cause pathogenic "bystander" mutations that escape detection by routine targeted genotyping assays.
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- 2019
34. Diagnostic Value of Inter-Eye Difference Metrics on OCT for Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Optic Neuritis.
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Volpe, Giulio, Jurkute, Neringa, Girafa, Gabriela, Zimmermann, Hanna G., Motamedi, Seyedamirhosein, Bereuter, Charlotte, Pandit, Lekha, D'Cunha, Anitha, Yeaman, Michael R., Smith, Terry J., Cook, Lawrence J., Brandt, Alexander U., Paul, Friedemann, Petzold, Axel, and Oertel, Frederike C.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Computational Schemes for Subresultant Chains
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Asadi, Mohammadali, Brandt, Alexander, Moreno Maza, Marc, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Boulier, François, editor, England, Matthew, editor, Sadykov, Timur M., editor, and Vorozhtsov, Evgenii V., editor
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Brain disconnectome mapping derived from white matter lesions and serum neurofilament light levels in multiple sclerosis: A longitudinal multicenter study
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Rise, Henning H., Brune, Synne, Chien, Claudia, Berge, Tone, Bos, Steffan D., Andorrà, Magí, Valdeolivas, Irene Pulido, Beyer, Mona K., Sowa, Piotr, Scheel, Michael, Brandt, Alexander U., Asseyer, Susanna, Blennow, Kaj, Pedersen, Mads L., Zetterberg, Henrik, de Schotten, Michel Thiebaut, Cellerino, Maria, Uccelli, Antonio, Paul, Friedemann, Villoslada, Pablo, Harbo, Hanne F., Westlye, Lars T., and Høgestøl, Einar A.
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- 2022
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37. 56/m mit Volumenzunahme des linken Skrotums und beidseitiger Hydronephrose: Vorbereitung auf die Facharztprüfung: Fall 24
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Brandt, Alexander Sascha, Roth, Stephan, and von Rundstedt, Friedrich-Carl
- Published
- 2022
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38. Multicenter reliability of semiautomatic retinal layer segmentation using OCT
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Oberwahrenbrock, Timm, Traber, Ghislaine L, Lukas, Sebastian, Gabilondo, Iñigo, Nolan, Rachel, Songster, Christopher, Balk, Lisanne, Petzold, Axel, Paul, Friedemann, Villoslada, Pablo, Brandt, Alexander U, Green, Ari J, and Schippling, Sven
- Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Ophthalmology and Optometry ,Biomedical Imaging ,Clinical Research ,Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision ,Neurodegenerative ,Neurosciences ,Eye - Abstract
ObjectiveTo evaluate the inter-rater reliability of semiautomated segmentation of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) macular volume scans.MethodsMacular OCT volume scans of left eyes from 17 subjects (8 patients with MS and 9 healthy controls) were automatically segmented by Heidelberg Eye Explorer (v1.9.3.0) beta-software (Spectralis Viewing Module v6.0.0.7), followed by manual correction by 5 experienced operators from 5 different academic centers. The mean thicknesses within a 6-mm area around the fovea were computed for the retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner plexiform layer (IPL), inner nuclear layer, outer plexiform layer (OPL), and outer nuclear layer (ONL). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated for mean layer thickness values. Spatial distribution of ICC values for the segmented volume scans was investigated using heat maps.ResultsAgreement between raters was good (ICC > 0.84) for all retinal layers, particularly inner retinal layers showed excellent agreement across raters (ICC > 0.96). Spatial distribution of ICC showed highest values in the perimacular area, whereas the ICCs were poorer for the foveola and the more peripheral macular area. The automated segmentation of the OPL and ONL required the most correction and showed the least agreement, whereas differences were less prominent for the remaining layers.ConclusionsAutomated segmentation with manual correction of macular OCT scans is highly reliable when performed by experienced raters and can thus be applied in multicenter settings. Reliability can be improved by restricting analysis to the perimacular area and compound segmentation of GCL and IPL.
- Published
- 2018
39. Structure–function correlates of vision loss in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
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Gigengack, Norman K., Oertel, Frederike C., Motamedi, Seyedamirhosein, Bereuter, Charlotte, Duchow, Ankelien, Rust, Rebekka, Bellmann-Strobl, Judith, Ruprecht, Klemens, Schmitz-Hübsch, Tanja, Paul, Friedemann, Brandt, Alexander U., and Zimmermann, Hanna G.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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40. Berlin Registry of Neuroimmunological entities (BERLimmun): protocol of a prospective observational study
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Sperber, Pia S., Brandt, Alexander U., Zimmermann, Hanna G., Bahr, Lina S., Chien, Claudia, Rekers, Sophia, Mähler, Anja, Böttcher, Chotima, Asseyer, Susanna, Duchow, Ankelien Solveig, Bellmann-Strobl, Judith, Ruprecht, Klemens, Paul, Friedemann, and Schmitz-Hübsch, Tanja
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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41. Power Series Arithmetic with the BPAS Library
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Brandt, Alexander, Kazemi, Mahsa, Moreno-Maza, Marc, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Boulier, François, editor, England, Matthew, editor, Sadykov, Timur M., editor, and Vorozhtsov, Evgenii V., editor
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Employing C++ Templates in the Design of a Computer Algebra Library
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Brandt, Alexander, Moir, Robert H. C., Moreno Maza, Marc, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Bigatti, Anna Maria, editor, Carette, Jacques, editor, Davenport, James H., editor, Joswig, Michael, editor, and de Wolff, Timo, editor
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. IT-unterstützte AC-Technik bei Profil M
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Paschen, Michael, Brandt, Alexander, and Stulle, Klaus P., editor
- Published
- 2020
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44. The APOSTEL Recommendations
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Aytulun, Aykut, Cruz-Herranz, Andrés, Balk, Lisanne, Brandt, Alexander U., Albrecht, Philipp, Grzybowski, Andrzej, editor, and Barboni, Piero, editor
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Genome Evolution of Asexual Organisms and the Paradox of Sex in Eukaryotes
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Hörandl, Elvira, Bast, Jens, Brandt, Alexander, Scheu, Stefan, Bleidorn, Christoph, Cordellier, Mathilde, Nowrousian, Minou, Begerow, Dominik, Sturm, Anja, Verhoeven, Koen, Boenigk, Jens, Friedl, Thomas, Dunthorn, Micah, and Pontarotti, Pierre, editor
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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46. Normative Data and Conversion Equation for Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in an International Healthy Control Cohort
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Kenney, Rachel, Liu, Mengling, Hasanaj, Lisena, Joseph, Binu, Al-Hassan, Abdullah A., Balk, Lisanne, Behbehani, Raed, Brandt, Alexander U., Calabresi, Peter A., Frohman, Elliot M., Frohman, Teresa, Havla, Joachim, Hemmer, Bernhard, Jiang, Hong, Knier, Benjamin, Korn, Thomas, Leocani, Letizia, Martínez-Lapiscina, Elena H., Papadopoulou, Athina, Paul, Friedemann, Petzold, Axel, Pisa, Marco, Villoslada, Pablo, Zimmermann, Hanna, Ishikawa, Hiroshi, Schuman, Joel S., Wollstein, Gadi, Chen, Yu, Saidha, Shiv, Thorpe, Lorna E., Galetta, Steven L., and Balcer, Laura J.
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- 2022
- Full Text
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47. Retroperitoneale Fibrose (Morbus Ormond)
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Brandt, Alexander Sascha, primary, Goedde, Daniel, additional, Kamper, Lars, additional, Haage, Patrick, additional, Störkel, Stephan, additional, and Roth, Stephan, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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48. Retroperitoneale Tumoren
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Brandt, Alexander Sascha, primary, Goedde, Daniel, additional, Kamper, Lars, additional, Schmalz, Oliver, additional, Haage, Patrick, additional, Störkel, Stephan, additional, and Roth, Stephan, additional
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Subresultant Chains Using Bézout Matrices
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Asadi, Mohammadali, primary, Brandt, Alexander, additional, Jeffrey, David J., additional, and Maza, Marc Moreno, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Whole-body positional manipulators for ocular imaging of anaesthetised mice and rats: a do-it-yourself guide.
- Author
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Dietrich, Michael, Cruz-Herranz, Andrés, Yiu, Hao, Aktas, Orhan, Brandt, Alexander U, Hartung, Hans-Peter, Green, Ari, and Albrecht, Philipp
- Subjects
do-it-yourself ,holder ,ocular imaging ,rodent - Abstract
Background:In vivo retinal imaging of rodents has gained a growing interest in ophthalmology and neurology. The bedding of the animals with the possibility to perform adjustments in order to obtain an ideal camera-to-eye angle is challenging. Methods:We provide a guide for a cost-effective, do-it-yourself rodent holder for ocular imaging techniques. The set-up was tested and refined in over 2000 optical coherence tomography measurements of mice and rats. Results:The recommended material is very affordable, readily available and easily assembled. The holder can be adapted to both mice and rats. A custom-made mouthpiece is provided for the use of inhalant anaesthesia. The holder is highly functional and assures that the rodent's eye is the centre of rotation for adjustments in both the axial and the transverse planes with a major time benefit over unrestrained positioning of the rodents. Conclusion:We believe this guide is very useful for eye researchers focusing on in vivo retinal imaging in rodents as it significantly reduces examination times for ocular imaging.
- Published
- 2017
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