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4. Cognition, function, and prevalent dementia in centenarians and near‐centenarians: An individual participant data (IPD) meta‐analysis of 18 studies

Author

Leung, Yvonne, Barzilai, Nir, Batko‐Szwaczka, Agnieszka, Beker, Nina, Boerner, Kathrin, Brayne, Carol, Brodaty, Henry, Cheung, Karen Siu‐Lan, Corrada, María M, Crawford, John D, Galbussera, Alessia A, Gondo, Yasuyuki, Holstege, Henne, Hulsman, Marc, Ishioka, Yoshiko Lily, Jopp, Daniela, Kawas, Claudia H, Kaye, Jeff, Kochan, Nicole A, Lau, Bobo Hi‐Po, Lipnicki, Darren M, Lo, Jessica W, Lucca, Ugo, Makkar, Steve R, Marcon, Gabriella, Martin, Peter, Meguro, Kenichi, Milman, Sofiya, Poon, Leonard W, Recchia, Angela, Ribeiro, Oscar, Riva, Emma, Rott, Christoph, Sikkes, Sietske AM, Skoog, Ingmar, Stephan, Blossom, Szewieczek, Jan, Teixeira, Laetitia, Tettamanti, Mauro, Wilczyński, Krzysztof, and Sachdev, Perminder

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research, Behavioral and Social Science, Dementia, Prevention, Brain Disorders, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegenerative, Aging, Neurological, Quality Education, Male, Aged, 80 and over, Humans, Female, Centenarians, Cognition, Body Mass Index, Educational Status, centenarians, dementia, education, exceptional longevity, prevalence, risk factors, Geriatrics, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology
Abstract

IntroductionThere are limited data on prevalence of dementia in centenarians and near-centenarians (C/NC), its determinants, and whether the risk of dementia continues to rise beyond 100.MethodsParticipant-level data were obtained from 18 community-based studies (N = 4427) in 11 countries that included individuals ≥95 years. A harmonization protocol was applied to cognitive and functional impairments, and a meta-analysis was performed.ResultsThe mean age was 98.3 years (SD = 2.67); 79% were women. After adjusting for age, sex, and education, dementia prevalence was 53.2% in women and 45.5% in men, with risk continuing to increase with age. Education (OR 0.95;0.92-0.98) was protective, as was hypertension (odds ratio [OR] 0.51;0.35-0.74) in five studies. Dementia was not associated with diabetes, vision and hearing impairments, smoking, and body mass index (BMI).DiscussionAmong the exceptional old, dementia prevalence remains higher in the older participants. Education was protective against dementia, but other factors for dementia-free survival in C/NC remain to be understood.

Published
2023

6. LATE-NC staging in routine neuropathologic diagnosis: an update

Author

Nelson, Peter T, Lee, Edward B, Cykowski, Matthew D, Alafuzoff, Irina, Arfanakis, Konstantinos, Attems, Johannes, Brayne, Carol, Corrada, Maria M, Dugger, Brittany N, Flanagan, Margaret E, Ghetti, Bernardino, Grinberg, Lea T, Grossman, Murray, Grothe, Michel J, Halliday, Glenda M, Hasegawa, Masato, Hokkanen, Suvi RK, Hunter, Sally, Jellinger, Kurt, Kawas, Claudia H, Keene, C Dirk, Kouri, Naomi, Kovacs, Gabor G, Leverenz, James B, Latimer, Caitlin S, Mackenzie, Ian R, Mao, Qinwen, McAleese, Kirsty E, Merrick, Richard, Montine, Thomas J, Murray, Melissa E, Myllykangas, Liisa, Nag, Sukriti, Neltner, Janna H, Newell, Kathy L, Rissman, Robert A, Saito, Yuko, Sajjadi, S Ahmad, Schwetye, Katherine E, Teich, Andrew F, Thal, Dietmar R, Tomé, Sandra O, Troncoso, Juan C, Wang, Shih-Hsiu J, White, Charles L, Wisniewski, Thomas, Yang, Hyun-Sik, Schneider, Julie A, Dickson, Dennis W, and Neumann, Manuela

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Genetics, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Neurodegenerative, Brain Disorders, Dementia, Rare Diseases, Neurological, Humans, Alzheimer Disease, Frontotemporal Dementia, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, DNA-Binding Proteins, Processes, NCI, TDP-43, FTD, Stages, Hippocampal sclerosis, Neuroanatomy, Aging, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

An international consensus report in 2019 recommended a classification system for limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathologic changes (LATE-NC). The suggested neuropathologic staging system and nomenclature have proven useful for autopsy practice and dementia research. However, some issues remain unresolved, such as cases with unusual features that do not fit with current diagnostic categories. The goal of this report is to update the neuropathologic criteria for the diagnosis and staging of LATE-NC, based primarily on published data. We provide practical suggestions about how to integrate available genetic information and comorbid pathologies [e.g., Alzheimer's disease neuropathologic changes (ADNC) and Lewy body disease]. We also describe recent research findings that have enabled more precise guidance on how to differentiate LATE-NC from other subtypes of TDP-43 pathology [e.g., frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)], and how to render diagnoses in unusual situations in which TDP-43 pathology does not follow the staging scheme proposed in 2019. Specific recommendations are also made on when not to apply this diagnostic term based on current knowledge. Neuroanatomical regions of interest in LATE-NC are described in detail and the implications for TDP-43 immunohistochemical results are specified more precisely. We also highlight questions that remain unresolved and areas needing additional study. In summary, the current work lays out a number of recommendations to improve the precision of LATE-NC staging based on published reports and diagnostic experience.

Published
2023

9. Frequency of LATE neuropathologic change across the spectrum of Alzheimer’s disease neuropathology: combined data from 13 community-based or population-based autopsy cohorts

Author

Nelson, Peter T, Brayne, Carol, Flanagan, Margaret E, Abner, Erin L, Agrawal, Sonal, Attems, Johannes, Castellani, Rudolph J, Corrada, Maria M, Cykowski, Matthew D, Di, Jing, Dickson, Dennis W, Dugger, Brittany N, Ervin, John F, Fleming, Jane, Graff-Radford, Jonathan, Grinberg, Lea T, Hokkanen, Suvi RK, Hunter, Sally, Kapasi, Alifiya, Kawas, Claudia H, Keage, Hannah AD, Keene, C Dirk, Kero, Mia, Knopman, David S, Kouri, Naomi, Kovacs, Gabor G, Labuzan, Sydney A, Larson, Eric B, Latimer, Caitlin S, Leite, Renata EP, Matchett, Billie J, Matthews, Fiona E, Merrick, Richard, Montine, Thomas J, Murray, Melissa E, Myllykangas, Liisa, Nag, Sukriti, Nelson, Ruth S, Neltner, Janna H, Nguyen, Aivi T, Petersen, Ronald C, Polvikoski, Tuomo, Reichard, R Ross, Rodriguez, Roberta D, Suemoto, Claudia K, Wang, Shih-Hsiu J, Wharton, Stephen B, White, Lon, and Schneider, Julie A

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Clinical Research, Alzheimer's Disease, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Aging, Brain Disorders, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Neurodegenerative, Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (ADRD), Dementia, Behavioral and Social Science, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Neurological, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease, Amyloid, Autopsy, DNA-Binding Proteins, Frontotemporal Dementia, Humans, Male, Nervous System Diseases, Plaque, Amyloid, ADRD, Tau, NFT, Nondemented, Oldest-old, Epidemiology, APOE, ROS-MAP, Vantaa 85+, HAAS, CFAS, CC75C, The 90+study, ACT, VITA, Nun study, Biobank for aging studies, Mayo clinic study of aging, The 90 + study, Vantaa 85 + , Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathologic change (LATE-NC) and Alzheimer's disease neuropathologic change (ADNC) are each associated with substantial cognitive impairment in aging populations. However, the prevalence of LATE-NC across the full range of ADNC remains uncertain. To address this knowledge gap, neuropathologic, genetic, and clinical data were compiled from 13 high-quality community- and population-based longitudinal studies. Participants were recruited from United States (8 cohorts, including one focusing on Japanese-American men), United Kingdom (2 cohorts), Brazil, Austria, and Finland. The total number of participants included was 6196, and the average age of death was 88.1 years. Not all data were available on each individual and there were differences between the cohorts in study designs and the amount of missing data. Among those with known cognitive status before death (n = 5665), 43.0% were cognitively normal, 14.9% had MCI, and 42.4% had dementia-broadly consistent with epidemiologic data in this age group. Approximately 99% of participants (n = 6125) had available CERAD neuritic amyloid plaque score data. In this subsample, 39.4% had autopsy-confirmed LATE-NC of any stage. Among brains with "frequent" neuritic amyloid plaques, 54.9% had comorbid LATE-NC, whereas in brains with no detected neuritic amyloid plaques, 27.0% had LATE-NC. Data on LATE-NC stages were available for 3803 participants, of which 25% had LATE-NC stage > 1 (associated with cognitive impairment). In the subset of individuals with Thal Aβ phase = 0 (lacking detectable Aβ plaques), the brains with LATE-NC had relatively more severe primary age-related tauopathy (PART). A total of 3267 participants had available clinical data relevant to frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and none were given the clinical diagnosis of definite FTD nor the pathological diagnosis of frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 inclusions (FTLD-TDP). In the 10 cohorts with detailed neurocognitive assessments proximal to death, cognition tended to be worse with LATE-NC across the full spectrum of ADNC severity. This study provided a credible estimate of the current prevalence of LATE-NC in advanced age. LATE-NC was seen in almost 40% of participants and often, but not always, coexisted with Alzheimer's disease neuropathology.

Published
2022

13. Prevention of dementia using mobile phone applications (PRODEMOS): a multinational, randomised, controlled effectiveness–implementation trial

Author

Witvliet, Patrick, Hoitink, Mart, van de Groep, Bram, Liu, Hongmei, Ge, Siqi, He, Mingyue, Li, Cancan, Jian, Xuening, Jiang, Bin, Sun, Haixin, Ru, Xiaojuan, Sun, Dongling, Lian, Tenghong, Zhang, Weijiao, Zhang, Wenjing, Qi, Jing, Li, Jinghui, Guan, Huiying, Luo, Dongmei, Zhang, Weijia, Yue, Hao, Zheng, Zijing, Zeng, Qiang, Yang, Huangdai, Tang, Yanyan, Tao, Tianqi, Song, Yan, Meng, Xiaosheng, Zhu, Sirui, Jia, Dongmei, Li, Mo, Li, Wenjie, Mu, Haiyan, Jiang, Wenjing, Gao, Wenchao, Hu, Yueqing, Wang, Guohua, Xu, Xizhu, Zhang, Yichun, Li, Dong, Zhang, Xiaoyu, Guo, Xiuhua, Ye, Xiaoyan, Wei, Xi, Moll van Charante, Eric P, Hoevenaar-Blom, Marieke P, Song, Manshu, Andrieu, Sandrine, Barnes, Linda, Birck, Cindy, Brooks, Rachael, Coley, Nicola, Eggink, Esmé, Georges, Jean, Hafdi, Melanie, van Gool, Willem A, Handels, Ron, Hou, Haifeng, Lyu, Jihui, Niu, Yixuan, Song, Libin, Wang, Wenzhi, Wang, Youxin, Wimo, Anders, Yu, Yueyi, Zhang, Jinxia, Zhang, Wei, Brayne, Carol, Wang, Wei, and Richard, Edo

Published
2024
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14. Factors That Influence Meeting the Recommended Weekly Physical Activity Target Among Older People With Physical Multimorbidity: Evidence From 6 Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Author

Smith, Lee, Yon, Dong Keon, Butler, Laurie, Kostev, Karel, Brayne, Carol, Barnett, Yvonne, Underwood, Benjamin R., Shin, Jae Il, Rahmati, Masoud, Neufeld, Sharon A.S., Ragnhildstveit, Anya, López Sánchez, Guillermo F., and Koyanagi, Ai

Subjects
OLDER people, MIDDLE-income countries, COMORBIDITY, FRAIL elderly, ACTIVITIES of daily living, LOGISTIC regression analysis, EPIDEMIOLOGICAL transition
Abstract

Background: There is a scarcity of studies on the association between physical multimorbidity and lower levels of physical activity among older adults from low- and middle-income countries, while the potential mediating variables in this association are largely unknown. Methods: Cross-sectional, community-based, nationally representative data from the World Health Organization Study on global AGEing and adult health were analyzed. Data on 11 chronic physical conditions were collected. Scoring <150 minutes of moderate- to high-intensity physical activity per week was considered low physical activity. Multivariable logistic regression and mediation analysis were done to assess associations and quality of life measures which might influence these associations. Results: Data on 14,585 people aged ≥65 years were analyzed (mean [SD] age 72.6 (11.5) y, maximum age 114 y; 55.0% women). After adjustment for potential confounders, compared with no chronic conditions, ≥3 conditions were associated with a significant 1.59 to 2.42 times higher odds for low physical activity. Finally, mobility mediated the largest proportion of the association between ≥3 chronic physical conditions and low physical activity (mediated percentage 50.7%), followed by activities of daily living disability (30.7%), cognition (24.0%), affect (23.6%), and pain/discomfort (22.0%). Conclusions: Physical multimorbidity was associated with higher odds for low physical activity among older adults residing in low- and middle-income countries. Mobility, disability, cognition, affect, and pain/discomfort explained the largest proportion of this association. Given the universal benefits of regular and sustained participation in physical activity, it would be prudent to implement interventions among older people with physical multimorbidity to increase levels of physical activity. Future studies should assess the impact of addressing the identified potential mediators among people with multimorbidity on physical activity levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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16. Global, regional, and national burden of disorders affecting the nervous system, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author

Steinmetz, Jaimie D, Seeher, Katrin Maria, Schiess, Nicoline, Nichols, Emma, Cao, Bochen, Servili, Chiara, Cavallera, Vanessa, Cousin, Ewerton, Hagins, Hailey, Moberg, Madeline E, Mehlman, Max L, Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abbas, Jaffar, Abbasi, Madineh Akram, Abbasian, Mohammadreza, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abdollahi, Mozhan, Abdollahifar, Mohammad-Amin, Abd-Rabu, Rami, Abdulah, Deldar Morad, Abdullahi, Auwal, Abedi, Aidin, Abedi, Vida, Abeldańo Zuńiga, Roberto Ariel, Abidi, Hassan, Abiodun, Olumide, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Aboyans, Victor, Abrha, Woldu Aberhe, Abualhasan, Ahmed, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Aburuz, Salahdein, Adamu, Lawan Hassan, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adekiya, Tayo Alex, Adikusuma, Wirawan, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Adra, Saryia, Afework, Tsion, Afolabi, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika, Afraz, Ali, Afzal, Saira, Aghamiri, Shahin, Agodi, Antonella, Agyemang-Duah, Williams, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Danish, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmadzade, Amir Mahmoud, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed, Ayman, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Jivan Qasim, Ahmed, Luai A, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Ahmed, Syed Anees, Ajami, Marjan, Aji, Budi, Ajumobi, Olufemi, Akade, Seyed Esma'il, Akbari, Morteza, Akbarialiabad, Hossein, Akhlaghi, Shiva, Akinosoglou, Karolina, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akonde, Maxwell, Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz, Alahdab, Fares, AL-Ahdal, Tareq Mohammed Ali, Al-amer, Rasmieh Mustafa, Albashtawy, Mohammed, AlBataineh, Mohammad T, Aldawsari, Khalifah A, Alemi, Hediyeh, Alemi, Sharifullah, Algammal, Abdelazeem M, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, Alhalaiqa, Fadwa Alhalaiqa Naji, Alhassan, Robert Kaba, Ali, Abid, Ali, Endale Alemayehu, Ali, Liaqat, Ali, Mohammed Usman, Ali, Musa Mohammed, Ali, Rafat, Ali, Shahid, Ali, Syed Shujait Shujait, Ali, Zahid, Alif, Sheikh Mohammad, Alimohamadi, Yousef, Aliyi, Ahmednur Adem, Aljofan, Mohamad, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Alladi, Suvarna, Almazan, Joseph Uy, Almustanyir, Sami, Al-Omari, Basem, Alqahtani, Jaber S, Alqasmi, Ibrahim, Alqutaibi, Ahmed Yaseen, Al-Shahi Salman, Rustam, Altaany, Zaid, Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed, Aly, Hany, Aly, Safwat, Alzoubi, Karem H, Amani, Reza, Amindarolzarbi, Alireza, Amiri, Sohrab, Amirzade-Iranaq, Mohammad Hosein, Amu, Hubert, Amugsi, Dickson A, Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi, Amzat, Jimoh, Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderlini, Deanna, Anderson, David B, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Androudi, Sofia, Angappan, Dhanalakshmi, Angesom, Teklit W, Anil, Abhishek, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Anwer, Razique, Arafat, Mosab, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Areda, Demelash, Ariffin, Hany, Arifin, Hidayat, Arkew, Mesay, Ärnlöv, Johan, Arooj, Mahwish, Artamonov, Anton A, Artanti, Kurnia Dwi, Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo, Asadi-Pooya, Ali A, Asena, Tilahun Ferede, Asghari-Jafarabadi, Mohammad, Ashraf, Muhammad, Ashraf, Tahira, Atalell, Kendalem Asmare, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atinafu, Bantalem Tilaye Tilaye, Atorkey, Prince, Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi, Atreya, Alok, Aujayeb, Avinash, Avan, Abolfazl, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, Ayatollahi, Haleh, Ayinde, Olatunde O, Ayyoubzadeh, Seyed Mohammad, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Azizi, Zahra, Azizian, Khalil, Azzam, Ahmed Y, Babaei, Mahsa, Badar, Muhammad, Badiye, Ashish D, Baghdadi, Soroush, Bagherieh, Sara, Bai, Ruhai, Baig, Atif Amin, Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar, Balalla, Shivanthi, Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin, Banach, Maciej, Bandyopadhyay, Soham, Banerjee, Indrajit, Baran, Mehmet Firat, Barboza, Miguel A, Barchitta, Martina, Bardhan, Mainak, Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barrow, Amadou, Bashash, Davood, Bashiri, Hamideh, Bashiru, Hameed Akande, Basiru, Afisu, Basso, João Diogo, Basu, Sanjay, Batiha, Abdul-Monim Mohammad, Batra, Kavita, Baune, Bernhard T, Bedi, Neeraj, Begde, Ahmet, Begum, Tahmina, Behnam, Babak, Behnoush, Amir Hossein, Beiranvand, Maryam, Béjot, Yannick, Bekele, Alehegn, Belete, Melaku Ashagrie, Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal, Bemanalizadeh, Maryam, Bender, Rose G, Benfor, Bright, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berice, Betyna, Bettencourt, Paulo J G, Beyene, Kebede A, Bhadra, Abhishek, Bhagat, Devidas S, Bhangdia, Kayleigh, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhargava, Ashish, Bhaskar, Sonu, Bhat, Ajay Nagesh, Bhat, Vivek, Bhatti, Gurjit Kaur, Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh, Bhatti, Rajbir, Bijani, Ali, Bikbov, Boris, Bilalaga, Mariah Malak, Biswas, Atanu, Bitaraf, Saeid, Bitra, Veera R, Bjørge, Tone, Bodolica, Virginia, Bodunrin, Aadam Olalekan, Boloor, Archith, Braithwaite, Dejana, Brayne, Carol, Brenner, Hermann, Briko, Andrey, Bringas Vega, Maria L, Brown, Julie, Budke, Christine M, Buonsenso, Danilo, Burkart, Katrin, Burns, Richard A, Bustanji, Yasser, Butt, Muhammad Hammad, Butt, Nadeem Shafique, Butt, Zahid A, Cabral, Lucas Scotta, Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Calina, Daniela, Campos-Nonato, Ismael R, Cao, Chao, Carabin, Hélène, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carreras, Giulia, Carvalho, Andre F, Castańeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Casulli, Adriano, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Catapano, Alberico L, Caye, Arthur, Cegolon, Luca, Cenderadewi, Muthia, Cerin, Ester, Chacón-Uscamaita, Pamela R, Chan, Jeffrey Shi Kai, Chanie, Gashaw Sisay, Charan, Jaykaran, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chekol Abebe, Endeshaw, Chen, Hui, Chen, Jianqi, Chi, Gerald, Chichagi, Fatemeh, Chidambaram, Saravana Babu, Chimoriya, Ritesh, Ching, Patrick R, Chitheer, Abdulaal, Chong, Yuen Yu, Chopra, Hitesh, Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan, Chowdhury, Enayet Karim, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christensen, Hanne, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chukwu, Isaac Sunday, Chung, Eric, Coberly, Kaleb, Columbus, Alyssa, Comachio, Josielli, Conde, Joao, Cortesi, Paolo Angelo, Costa, Vera Marisa, Couto, Rosa A S, Criqui, Michael H, Cruz-Martins, Natália, Dabbagh Ohadi, Mohammad Amin, Dadana, Sriharsha, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Xiaochen, Dai, Zhaoli, D'Amico, Emanuele, Danawi, Hadi A, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Darwish, Amira Hamed, Das, Saswati, Das, Subasish, Dascalu, Ana Maria, Dash, Nihar Ranjan, Dashti, Mohsen, De la Hoz, Fernando Pio, de la Torre-Luque, Alejandro, De Leo, Diego, Dean, Frances E, Dehghan, Amin, Dehghan, Azizallah, Dejene, Hiwot, Demant, Daniel, Demetriades, Andreas K, Demissie, Solomon, Deng, Xinlei, Desai, Hardik Dineshbhai, Devanbu, Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan, Dhama, Kuldeep, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Dhimal, Meghnath, Dias da Silva, Diana, Diaz, Daniel, Dibas, Mahmoud, Ding, Delaney D, Dinu, Monica, Dirac, M Ashworth, Diress, Mengistie, Do, Thanh Chi, Do, Thao Huynh Phuong, Doan, Khanh Duy Khanh, Dodangeh, Milad, Doheim, Mohamed Fahmy, Dokova, Klara Georgieva, Dongarwar, Deepa, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Dube, John, Duraisamy, Senbagam, Durojaiye, Oyewole Christopher, Dutta, Sulagna, Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian, Edinur, Hisham Atan, Eissazade, Negin, Ekholuenetale, Michael, Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus, El Nahas, Nevine, El Sayed, Iman, Elahi Najafi, Mohammad Amin, Elbarazi, Iffat, Elemam, Noha Mousaad, Elgar, Frank J, Elgendy, Islam Y, Elhabashy, Hala Rashad, Elhadi, Muhammed, Elilo, Legesse Tesfaye, Ellenbogen, Richard G, Elmeligy, Omar Abdelsadek Abdou, Elmonem, Mohamed A, Elshaer, Mohammed, Elsohaby, Ibrahim, Emamverdi, Mehdi, Emeto, Theophilus I, Endres, Matthias, Esezobor, Christopher Imokhuede, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Fadaei, Abdolmajid, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Fahim, Ayesha, Faramarzi, Ali, Fares, Jawad, Farjoud Kouhanjani, Mohsen, Faro, Andre, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Fathi, Mobina, Fathi, Saeid, Fatima, Syeda Anum Fatima, Feizkhah, Alireza, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Ferrari, Alize J, Ferreira, Nuno, Fetensa, Getahun, Firouraghi, Neda, Fischer, Florian, Fonseca, Ana Catarina, Force, Lisa M, Fornari, Arianna, Foroutan, Behzad, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Gadanya, Muktar A, Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, Galali, Yaseen, Galehdar, Nasrin, Gan, Quan, Gandhi, Aravind P, Ganesan, Balasankar, Gardner, William M, Garg, Naval, Gau, Shuo-Yan, Gautam, Rupesh K, Gebre, Teshome, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin, Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn, Gebreslassie, Haftay Gebremedhin, Getacher, Lemma, Ghaderi Yazdi, Bardiya, Ghadirian, Fataneh, Ghaffarpasand, Fariborz, Ghanbari, Reza, Ghasemi, MohammadReza, Ghazy, Ramy Mohamed, Ghimire, Sailaja, Gholami, Ali, Gholamrezanezhad, Ali, Ghotbi, Elena, Ghozy, Sherief, Gialluisi, Alessandro, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Glasstetter, Logan M, Gnedovskaya, Elena V, Golchin, Ali, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goleij, Pouya, Golinelli, Davide, Gomes-Neto, Mansueto, Goulart, Alessandra C, Goyal, Anmol, Gray, Richard J, Grivna, Michal, Guadie, Habtamu Alganeh, Guan, Bin, Guarducci, Giovanni, Guicciardi, Stefano, Gunawardane, Damitha Asanga, Guo, Hanbing, Gupta, Bhawna, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Sapna, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Gutiérrez, Reyna Alma, Habibzadeh, Farrokh, Hachinski, Vladimir, Haddadi, Rasool, Hadei, Mostafa, Hadi, Najah R, Haep, Nils, Haile, Teklehaimanot Gereziher, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Hall, Brian J, Halwani, Rabih, Hameed, Sajid, Hamiduzzaman, Mohammad, Hammoud, Ahmad, Han, Hannah, Hanifi, Nasrin, Hankey, Graeme J, Hannan, Md. Abdul, Hao, Junwei, Harapan, Harapan, Hareru, Habtamu Endashaw, Hargono, Arief, Harlianto, Netanja I., Haro, Josep Maria, Hartman, Nicholas Nathaniel, Hasaballah, Ahmed I., Hasan, Faizul, Hasani, Hamidreza, Hasanian, Mohammad, Hassan, Amr, Hassan, Shoaib, Hassanipour, Soheil, Hassankhani, Hadi, Hassen, Mohammed Bheser, Haubold, Johannes, Hay, Simon I, Hayat, Khezar, Hegazy, Mohamed I, Heidari, Golnaz, Heidari, Mohammad, Heidari-Soureshjani, Reza, Hesami, Hamed, Hezam, Kamal, Hiraike, Yuta, Hoffman, Howard J, Holla, Ramesh, Hopf, Kathleen Pillsbury, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hossain, Md Mahbub, Hossain, Md. Belal, Hossain, Sahadat, Hosseinzadeh, Hassan, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hu, Chengxi, Huang, Junjie, Huda, Md. 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and Dua, Tarun

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2024
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17. Chronic neuropsychiatric sequelae of SARS‐CoV‐2: Protocol and methods from the Alzheimer's Association Global Consortium

Author

Erausquin, Gabriel A, Snyder, Heather, Brugha, Traolach S, Seshadri, Sudha, Carrillo, Maria, Sagar, Rajesh, Huang, Yueqin, Newton, Charles, Tartaglia, Carmela, Teunissen, Charlotte, Håkanson, Krister, Akinyemi, Rufus, Prasad, Kameshwar, D'Avossa, Giovanni, Gonzalez‐Aleman, Gabriela, Hosseini, Akram, Vavougios, George D, Sachdev, Perminder, Bankart, John, Mors, Niels Peter Ole, Lipton, Richard, Katz, Mindy, Fox, Peter T, Katshu, Mohammad Zia, Iyengar, M Sriram, Weinstein, Galit, Sohrabi, Hamid R, Jenkins, Rachel, Stein, Dan J, Hugon, Jacques, Mavreas, Venetsanos, Blangero, John, Cruchaga, Carlos, Krishna, Murali, Wadoo, Ovais, Becerra, Rodrigo, Zwir, Igor, Longstreth, William T, Kroenenberg, Golo, Edison, Paul, Mukaetova‐Ladinska, Elizabeta, Staufenberg, Ekkehart, Figueredo‐Aguiar, Mariana, Yécora, Agustín, Vaca, Fabiana, Zamponi, Hernan P, Re, Vincenzina Lo, Majid, Abdul, Sundarakumar, Jonas, Gonzalez, Hector M, Geerlings, Mirjam I, Skoog, Ingmar, Salmoiraghi, Alberto, Boneschi, Filippo Martinelli, Patel, Vibuthi N, Santos, Juan M, Arroyo, Guillermo Rivera, Moreno, Antonio Caballero, Felix, Pascal, Gallo, Carla, Arai, Hidenori, Yamada, Masahito, Iwatsubo, Takeshi, Sharma, Malveeka, Chakraborty, Nandini, Ferreccio, Catterina, Akena, Dickens, Brayne, Carol, Maestre, Gladys, Blangero, Sarah Williams, Brusco, Luis I, Siddarth, Prabha, Hughes, Timothy M, Zuñiga, Alfredo Ramírez, Kambeitz, Joseph, Laza, Agustin Ruiz, Allen, Norrina, Panos, Stella, Merrill, David, Ibáñez, Agustín, Tsuang, Debby, Valishvili, Nino, Shrestha, Srishti, Wang, Sophia, Padma, Vasantha, Anstey, Kaarin J, Ravindrdanath, Vijayalakshmi, Blennow, Kaj, Mullins, Paul, Łojek, Emilia, Pria, Anand, Mosley, Thomas H, Gowland, Penny, Girard, Timothy D, Bowtell, Richard, and Vahidy, Farhaan S

Subjects
Neurosciences, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Brain Disorders, Alzheimer's Disease, Infectious Diseases, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Clinical Research, Dementia, Neurodegenerative, Prevention, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Aging, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Neurological, Good Health and Well Being, cognitive impairment, dementia, neuropsychiatric sequelae, predictors, SARS-CoV-2, SARS‐CoV‐2
Abstract

IntroductionCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused >3.5 million deaths worldwide and affected >160 million people. At least twice as many have been infected but remained asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic. COVID-19 includes central nervous system manifestations mediated by inflammation and cerebrovascular, anoxic, and/or viral neurotoxicity mechanisms. More than one third of patients with COVID-19 develop neurologic problems during the acute phase of the illness, including loss of sense of smell or taste, seizures, and stroke. Damage or functional changes to the brain may result in chronic sequelae. The risk of incident cognitive and neuropsychiatric complications appears independent from the severity of the original pulmonary illness. It behooves the scientific and medical community to attempt to understand the molecular and/or systemic factors linking COVID-19 to neurologic illness, both short and long term.MethodsThis article describes what is known so far in terms of links among COVID-19, the brain, neurological symptoms, and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias. We focus on risk factors and possible molecular, inflammatory, and viral mechanisms underlying neurological injury. We also provide a comprehensive description of the Alzheimer's Association Consortium on Chronic Neuropsychiatric Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (CNS SC2) harmonized methodology to address these questions using a worldwide network of researchers and institutions.ResultsSuccessful harmonization of designs and methods was achieved through a consensus process initially fragmented by specific interest groups (epidemiology, clinical assessments, cognitive evaluation, biomarkers, and neuroimaging). Conclusions from subcommittees were presented to the whole group and discussed extensively. Presently data collection is ongoing at 19 sites in 12 countries representing Asia, Africa, the Americas, and Europe.DiscussionThe Alzheimer's Association Global Consortium harmonized methodology is proposed as a model to study long-term neurocognitive sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection.Key pointsThe following review describes what is known so far in terms of molecular and epidemiological links among COVID-19, the brain, neurological symptoms, and AD and related dementias (ADRD)The primary objective of this large-scale collaboration is to clarify the pathogenesis of ADRD and to advance our understanding of the impact of a neurotropic virus on the long-term risk of cognitive decline and other CNS sequelae. No available evidence supports the notion that cognitive impairment after SARS-CoV-2 infection is a form of dementia (ADRD or otherwise). The longitudinal methodologies espoused by the consortium are intended to provide data to answer this question as clearly as possible controlling for possible confounders. Our specific hypothesis is that SARS-CoV-2 triggers ADRD-like pathology following the extended olfactory cortical network (EOCN) in older individuals with specific genetic susceptibility.The proposed harmonization strategies and flexible study designs offer the possibility to include large samples of under-represented racial and ethnic groups, creating a rich set of harmonized cohorts for future studies of the pathophysiology, determinants, long-term consequences, and trends in cognitive aging, ADRD, and vascular disease.We provide a framework for current and future studies to be carried out within the Consortium. and offers a "green paper" to the research community with a very broad, global base of support, on tools suitable for low- and middle-income countries aimed to compare and combine future longitudinal data on the topic.The Consortium proposes a combination of design and statistical methods as a means of approaching causal inference of the COVID-19 neuropsychiatric sequelae. We expect that deep phenotyping of neuropsychiatric sequelae may provide a series of candidate syndromes with phenomenological and biological characterization that can be further explored. By generating high-quality harmonized data across sites we aim to capture both descriptive and, where possible, causal associations.

Published
2022

20. What’s new in dementia risk prediction modelling? An updated systematic review

Author

Brain, Jacob, primary, Kafadar, Aysegul Humeyra, additional, Errington, Linda, additional, Kirkley, Rachael, additional, Tang, Eugene Y.H., additional, Akyea, Ralph K., additional, Bains, Manpreet, additional, Brayne, Carol, additional, Figueredo, Grazziela, additional, Greene, Leanne, additional, Louise, Jennie, additional, Morgan, Catharine, additional, Pakpahan, Eduwin, additional, Reeves, David, additional, Robinson, Louise, additional, Salter, Amy, additional, Siervo, Mario, additional, Tully, Phillip J., additional, Turnbull, Deborah, additional, Qureshi, Nadeem, additional, and Stephan, Blossom C.M., additional

Published
2024
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21. Education and the moderating roles of age, sex, ethnicity and apolipoprotein epsilon 4 on the risk of cognitive impairment

Author

Makkar, Steve R, Lipnicki, Darren M, Crawford, John D, Kochan, Nicole A, Castro-Costa, Erico, Lima-Costa, Maria Fernanda, Diniz, Breno Satler, Brayne, Carol, Stephan, Blossom, Matthews, Fiona, Llibre-Rodriguez, Juan J, Llibre-Guerra, Jorge J, Valhuerdi-Cepero, Adolfo J, Lipton, Richard B, Katz, Mindy J, Zammit, Andrea, Ritchie, Karen, Carles, Sophie, Carriere, Isabelle, Scarmeas, Nikolaos, Yannakoulia, Mary, Kosmidis, Mary, Lam, Linda, Fung, Ada, Chan, Wai Chi, Guaita, Antonio, Vaccaro, Roberta, Davin, Annalisa, Kim, Ki Woong, Han, Ji Won, Suh, Seung Wan, Riedel-Heller, Steffi G, Roehr, Susanne, Pabst, Alexander, Ganguli, Mary, Hughes, Tiffany F, Jacobsen, Erin P, Anstey, Kaarin J, Cherbuin, Nicolas, Haan, Mary N, Aiello, Allison E, Dang, Kristina, Kumagai, Shuzo, Narazaki, Kenji, Chen, Sanmei, Ng, Tze Pin, Gao, Qi, Nyunt, Ma Shwe Zin, Meguro, Kenichi, Yamaguchi, Satoshi, Ishii, Hiroshi, Lobo, Antonio, Escolar, Elena Lobo, De la Cámara, Concepción, Brodaty, Henry, Trollor, Julian N, Leung, Yvonne, Lo, Jessica W, Sachdev, Perminder, and Consortium, for Cohort Studies of Memory in an International

Subjects
Public Health, Health Sciences, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Neurodegenerative, Alzheimer's Disease, Neurosciences, Brain Disorders, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Women's Health, Behavioral and Social Science, Dementia, Aging, Quality Education, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Apolipoprotein E4, Cognitive Dysfunction, Educational Status, Ethnicity, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Risk Factors, Cognitive decline, Education, Ageing, Sex, Age, for Cohort Studies of Memory in an International Consortium
Abstract

BackgroundWe examined how the relationship between education and latelife cognitive impairment (defined as a Mini Mental State Examination score below 24) is influenced by age, sex, ethnicity, and Apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 (APOE*4).MethodsParticipants were 30,785 dementia-free individuals aged 55-103 years, from 18 longitudinal cohort studies, with an average follow-up ranging between 2 and 10 years. Pooled hazard ratios were obtained from multilevel parametric survival analyses predicting cognitive impairment (CI) from education and its interactions with baseline age, sex, APOE*4 and ethnicity. In separate models, education was treated as continuous (years) and categorical, with participants assigned to one of four education completion levels: Incomplete Elementary; Elementary; Middle; and High School.ResultsCompared to Elementary, Middle (HR = 0.645, P = 0.004) and High School (HR = 0.472, P

Published
2020

22. APOE ε4 and the Influence of Sex, Age, Vascular Risk Factors, and Ethnicity on Cognitive Decline

Author

Makkar, Steve R, Lipnicki, Darren M, Crawford, John D, Kochan, Nicole A, Castro-Costa, Erico, Lima-Costa, Maria Fernanda, Diniz, Breno Satler, Brayne, Carol, Stephan, Blossom, Matthews, Fiona, Llibre-Rodriguez, Juan J, Llibre-Guerra, Jorge J, Valhuerdi-Cepero, Adolfo J, Lipton, Richard B, Katz, Mindy J, Wang, Cuiling, Ritchie, Karen, Carles, Sophie, Carriere, Isabelle, Scarmeas, Nikolaos, Yannakoulia, Mary, Kosmidis, Mary, Lam, Linda, Chan, Wai Chi, Fung, Ada, Guaita, Antonio, Vaccaro, Roberta, Davin, Annalisa, Kim, Ki Woong, Han, Ji Won, Suh, Seung Wan, Riedel-Heller, Steffi G, Roehr, Susanne, Pabst, Alexander, Ganguli, Mary, Hughes, Tiffany F, Snitz, Beth, Anstey, Kaarin J, Cherbuin, Nicolas, Easteal, Simon, Haan, Mary N, Aiello, Allison E, Dang, Kristina, Ng, Tze Pin, Gao, Qi, Nyunt, Ma Shwe Zin, Brodaty, Henry, Trollor, Julian N, Leung, Yvonne, Lo, Jessica W, and Sachdev, Perminder

Subjects
Health Sciences, Neurosciences, Clinical Research, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Genetics, Neurodegenerative, Alzheimer's Disease, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Aging, Prevention, Dementia, Brain Disorders, Behavioral and Social Science, 2.4 Surveillance and distribution, Aetiology, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alleles, Apolipoprotein E4, Cognitive Dysfunction, Female, Genotype, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Cognitive decline, APOE genotype, Epidemiology, Sex, Ethnicity, Clinical Sciences, Gerontology, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

We aimed to examine the relationship between Apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE*4) carriage on cognitive decline, and whether these associations were moderated by sex, baseline age, ethnicity, and vascular risk factors. Participants were 19,225 individuals aged 54-103 years from 15 longitudinal cohort studies with a mean follow-up duration ranging between 1.2 and 10.7 years. Two-step individual participant data meta-analysis was used to pool results of study-wise analyses predicting memory and general cognitive decline from carriage of one or two APOE*4 alleles, and moderation of these associations by age, sex, vascular risk factors, and ethnicity. Separate pooled estimates were calculated in both men and women who were younger (ie, 62 years) and older (ie, 80 years) at baseline. Results showed that APOE*4 carriage was related to faster general cognitive decline in women, and faster memory decline in men. A stronger dose-dependent effect was observed in older men, with faster general cognitive and memory decline in those carrying two versus one APOE*4 allele. Vascular risk factors were related to an increased effect of APOE*4 on memory decline in younger women, but a weaker effect of APOE*4 on general cognitive decline in older men. The relationship between APOE*4 carriage and memory decline was larger in older-aged Asians than Whites. In sum, APOE*4 is related to cognitive decline in men and women, although these effects are enhanced by age and carriage of two APOE*4 alleles in men, a higher numbers of vascular risk factors during the early stages of late adulthood in women, and Asian ethnicity.

Published
2020

23. Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2020 report of the Lancet Commission

Author

Livingston, Gill, Huntley, Jonathan, Sommerlad, Andrew, Ames, David, Ballard, Clive, Banerjee, Sube, Brayne, Carol, Burns, Alistair, Cohen-Mansfield, Jiska, Cooper, Claudia, Costafreda, Sergi G, Dias, Amit, Fox, Nick, Gitlin, Laura N, Howard, Robert, Kales, Helen C, Kivimäki, Mika, Larson, Eric B, Ogunniyi, Adesola, Orgeta, Vasiliki, Ritchie, Karen, Rockwood, Kenneth, Sampson, Elizabeth L, Samus, Quincy, Schneider, Lon S, Selbæk, Geir, Teri, Linda, and Mukadam, Naaheed

Subjects
Air Pollution, Alcoholism, Craniocerebral Trauma, Dementia, Health Policy, Healthcare Disparities, Healthy Lifestyle, Humans, Risk Factors, Medical and Health Sciences, General & Internal Medicine
Published
2020

25. Investigation of antihypertensive class, dementia, and cognitive decline: A meta-analysis.

Author

Peters, Ruth, Yasar, Sevil, Anderson, Craig S, Andrews, Shea, Antikainen, Riitta, Arima, Hisatomi, Beckett, Nigel, Beer, Joanne C, Bertens, Anne Suzanne, Booth, Andrew, van Boxtel, Martin, Brayne, Carol, Brodaty, Henry, Carlson, Michelle C, Chalmers, John, Corrada, Maria, DeKosky, Steven, Derby, Carol, Dixon, Roger A, Forette, Françoise, Ganguli, Mary, van Gool, Willem A, Guaita, Antonio, Hever, Ann M, Hogan, David B, Jagger, Carol, Katz, Mindy, Kawas, Claudia, Kehoe, Patrick G, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka, Kenny, Rose Ann, Köhler, Sebastian, Kunutsor, Setor K, Laukkanen, Jari, Maxwell, Colleen, McFall, G Peggy, van Middelaar, Tessa, Moll van Charante, Eric P, Ng, Tze-Pin, Peters, Jean, Rawtaer, Iris, Richard, Edo, Rockwood, Kenneth, Rydén, Lina, Sachdev, Perminder S, Skoog, Ingmar, Skoog, Johan, Staessen, Jan A, Stephan, Blossom CM, Sebert, Sylvain, Thijs, Lutgarde, Trompet, Stella, Tully, Phillip J, Tzourio, Christophe, Vaccaro, Roberta, Vaaramo, Eeva, Walsh, Erin, Warwick, Jane, and Anstey, Kaarin J

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Clinical Sciences, Neurodegenerative, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Aging, Brain Disorders, Clinical Research, Cardiovascular, Dementia, Alzheimer's Disease, Prevention, Neurological, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antihypertensive Agents, Cognitive Dysfunction, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Male, Middle Aged, Cognitive Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Clinical sciences
Abstract

ObjectiveHigh blood pressure is one of the main modifiable risk factors for dementia. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding the best antihypertensive class for optimizing cognition. Our objective was to determine whether any particular antihypertensive class was associated with a reduced risk of cognitive decline or dementia using comprehensive meta-analysis including reanalysis of original participant data.MethodsTo identify suitable studies, MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO and preexisting study consortia were searched from inception to December 2017. Authors of prospective longitudinal human studies or trials of antihypertensives were contacted for data sharing and collaboration. Outcome measures were incident dementia or incident cognitive decline (classified using the reliable change index method). Data were separated into mid and late-life (>65 years) and each antihypertensive class was compared to no treatment and to treatment with other antihypertensives. Meta-analysis was used to synthesize data.ResultsOver 50,000 participants from 27 studies were included. Among those aged >65 years, with the exception of diuretics, we found no relationship by class with incident cognitive decline or dementia. Diuretic use was suggestive of benefit in some analyses but results were not consistent across follow-up time, comparator group, and outcome. Limited data precluded meaningful analyses in those ≤65 years of age.ConclusionOur findings, drawn from the current evidence base, support clinical freedom in the selection of antihypertensive regimens to achieve blood pressure goals.Clinical trials registrationThe review was registered with the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO), registration number CRD42016045454.

Published
2020

26. Future Directions for Dementia Risk Reduction and Prevention Research: An International Research Network on Dementia Prevention Consensus

Author

Anstey, Kaarin J, Peters, Ruth, Zheng, Lidan, Barnes, Deborah E, Brayne, Carol, Brodaty, Henry, Chalmers, John, Clare, Linda, Dixon, Roger A, Dodge, Hiroko, Lautenschlager, Nicola T, Middleton, Laura E, Qiu, Chengxuan, Rees, Glenn, Shahar, Suzana, and Yaffe, Kristine

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Biological Psychology, Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Psychology, Acquired Cognitive Impairment, Aging, Alzheimer's Disease, Brain Disorders, Prevention, Dementia, Alzheimer's Disease including Alzheimer's Disease Related Dementias (AD/ADRD), Neurodegenerative, Neurological, Good Health and Well Being, Biomedical Research, Consensus, Europe, Humans, North America, Risk Factors, Risk Reduction Behavior, Multi-domain, primary prevention, risk factor, risk reduction, Cognitive Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Clinical sciences, Biological psychology
Abstract

In the past decade a large body of evidence has accumulated on risk factors for dementia, primarily from Europe and North America. Drawing on recent integrative reviews and a consensus workshop, the International Research Network on Dementia Prevention developed a consensus statement on priorities for future research. Significant gaps in geographical location, representativeness, diversity, duration, mechanisms, and research on combinations of risk factors were identified. Future research to inform dementia risk reduction should fill gaps in the evidence base, take a life-course, multi-domain approach, and inform population health approaches that improve the brain-health of whole communities.

Published
2020

27. Reply: LATE to the PART-y

Author

Nelson, Peter T, Dickson, Dennis W, Trojanowski, John Q, Jack, Clifford R, Boyle, Patricia A, Arfanakis, Konstantinos, Rademakers, Rosa, Alafuzoff, Irina, Attems, Johannes, Brayne, Carol, Coyle-Gilchrist, Ian TS, Fardo, David W, Flanagan, Margaret E, Halliday, Glenda, Hunter, Sally, Jicha, Gregory A, Katsumata, Yuriko, Kawas, Claudia H, Keene, C Dirk, Kovacs, Gabor G, Kukull, Walter A, Levey, Allan I, Makkinejad, Nazanin, Montine, Thomas J, Murray, Melissa E, Nag, Sukriti, Seeley, William W, Sperling, Reisa A, White, Charles L, and Schneider, Julie A

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Psychology, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Published
2019

28. Autism Screening and Conditional Cash Transfers in Chile: Using the Quantitative Checklist (Q-CHAT) for Early Autism Detection in a Low Resource Setting

Author

Roman-Urrestarazu, Andres, Yáñez, Carolina, López-Garí, Claudia, Elgueta, Constanza, Allison, Carrie, Brayne, Carol, Troncoso, Mónica, and Baron-Cohen, Simon

Abstract

Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) can be an extended procedure since ASC tend to both vary greatly across individual symptoms and diagnostic pathways with serious challenges to opportune access and diagnosis in low resource settings. We adapted the Q-CHAT-25 for use in a routine health check-ups programme at Chilean primary health clinics by developing a 10-item version of this questionnaire recruiting n = 287 (F: 112/M: 175) participants (Controls: n = 125, F: 58/M: 67; Developmental Delay: n = 149, F: 53/M: 96; Autism Spectrum Conditions: n = 13, F: 1/M: 12). Our findings show that the Q-CHAT-10 can be successfully applied in health-check programmes. The results for the Q-CHAT-10 show high internal consistency (Cronbach's [alpha]: 0.85) and good overall performance, significantly correlating (r = 0.79, p < 0.0001) with the Q-CHAT-25. The Q-CHAT-10 had a sensitivity of 92.86% and a specificity of 76.86% in the Developmental Delay sample. The positive predictive value was 48% with a positive likelihood ratio of 4.01 and a negative likelihood ratio of 0.09 with a post-test probability of disease of 19%. This study provides evidence that the implementation of Autism Spectrum Condition screening programmes using the Q-CHAT-10 is a cost-effective measure that improves diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Conditions in those participating in conditional cash transfer programmes in low- and middle-income countries or low resource setting in high income countries.

Published
2021
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30. Exploring indicators of system-of-systems resilience: outcomes of a health systems design workshop at an international conference.

Author

Pannunzio, Valeria, Komashie, Alexander, Walsh, Sebastian, Milne, Richard, Kipouros, Timoleon, Lamé, Guillaume, Maier, Anja, Brayne, Carol, and Clarkson, P. John

Subjects
SYSTEM of systems, SYSTEMS design, DESIGN research, SELF-organizing systems, MEDICAL care
Abstract

This contribution departs from an existing model, the Design Framework for Systems-of-Systems Resilience, to explore systems resilience issues across the health, environmental, and economic domains. The reported research activities include 1) a rapid review to collect a set of systems indicators and 2) a design workshop employing causal loop diagramming to map expected causal influences between indicators. Through this exercise, we examine key themes in this research domain and outline directions for further enquiry, while involving members of the design research community in an open dialogue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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31. Designing for systems-of-systems resilience: from the individual to the planet.

Author

Pannunzio, Valeria, Kipouros, Timoleon, Khan, Amber, Friday, Laurie, Brayne, Carol, and Clarkson, P. John

Subjects
SYSTEM of systems, SELF-organizing systems, SYSTEMS design, INDEXES
Abstract

This contribution builds on the Design Framework for System-of-Systems Resilience to investigate the potential of a new systems resilience measuring approach inspired by the Frailty Index. To explore this research direction, we provide a brief overview of the evolution of the notion of resilience, offer a characterisation of systems resilience as an opposite of systems frailty, and perform a rapid review to identify and inspect existing multi-domain indices of community resilience. Finally, we suggest piloting the proposed system-of-systems resilience index in the Fens in the United Kingdom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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35. Delirium is more common and associated with worse outcomes in Parkinson’s disease compared to older adult controls: results of two prospective longitudinal cohort studies

Author

Gerakios, Florence, primary, Yarnall, Alison J, additional, Bate, Gemma, additional, Wright, Laura, additional, Davis, Daniel, additional, Stephan, Blossom C M, additional, Robinson, Louise, additional, Brayne, Carol, additional, Stebbins, Glenn, additional, Taylor, John-Paul, additional, Burn, David J, additional, Allan, Louise M, additional, Richardson, Sarah J, additional, and Lawson, Rachael A, additional

Published
2024
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40. Determinants of cognitive performance and decline in 20 diverse ethno-regional groups: A COSMIC collaboration cohort study.

Author

Lipnicki, Darren M, Makkar, Steve R, Crawford, John D, Thalamuthu, Anbupalam, Kochan, Nicole A, Lima-Costa, Maria Fernanda, Castro-Costa, Erico, Ferri, Cleusa Pinheiro, Brayne, Carol, Stephan, Blossom, Llibre-Rodriguez, Juan J, Llibre-Guerra, Jorge J, Valhuerdi-Cepero, Adolfo J, Lipton, Richard B, Katz, Mindy J, Derby, Carol A, Ritchie, Karen, Ancelin, Marie-Laure, Carrière, Isabelle, Scarmeas, Nikolaos, Yannakoulia, Mary, Hadjigeorgiou, Georgios M, Lam, Linda, Chan, Wai-Chi, Fung, Ada, Guaita, Antonio, Vaccaro, Roberta, Davin, Annalisa, Kim, Ki Woong, Han, Ji Won, Suh, Seung Wan, Riedel-Heller, Steffi G, Roehr, Susanne, Pabst, Alexander, van Boxtel, Martin, Köhler, Sebastian, Deckers, Kay, Ganguli, Mary, Jacobsen, Erin P, Hughes, Tiffany F, Anstey, Kaarin J, Cherbuin, Nicolas, Haan, Mary N, Aiello, Allison E, Dang, Kristina, Kumagai, Shuzo, Chen, Tao, Narazaki, Kenji, Ng, Tze Pin, Gao, Qi, Nyunt, Ma Shwe Zin, Scazufca, Marcia, Brodaty, Henry, Numbers, Katya, Trollor, Julian N, Meguro, Kenichi, Yamaguchi, Satoshi, Ishii, Hiroshi, Lobo, Antonio, Lopez-Anton, Raul, Santabárbara, Javier, Leung, Yvonne, Lo, Jessica W, Popovic, Gordana, Sachdev, Perminder S, and for Cohort Studies of Memory in an International Consortium (COSMIC)

Subjects
for Cohort Studies of Memory in an International Consortium, Humans, Diabetes Mellitus, Exercise, Risk Assessment, Risk Factors, Smoking, Cognition, Age Factors, Comorbidity, Health Education, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, Ethnic Groups, Female, Male, Stroke, Cognitive Dysfunction, and over, General & Internal Medicine, Medical and Health Sciences
Abstract

BackgroundWith no effective treatments for cognitive decline or dementia, improving the evidence base for modifiable risk factors is a research priority. This study investigated associations between risk factors and late-life cognitive decline on a global scale, including comparisons between ethno-regional groups.Methods and findingsWe harmonized longitudinal data from 20 population-based cohorts from 15 countries over 5 continents, including 48,522 individuals (58.4% women) aged 54-105 (mean = 72.7) years and without dementia at baseline. Studies had 2-15 years of follow-up. The risk factors investigated were age, sex, education, alcohol consumption, anxiety, apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE*4) status, atrial fibrillation, blood pressure and pulse pressure, body mass index, cardiovascular disease, depression, diabetes, self-rated health, high cholesterol, hypertension, peripheral vascular disease, physical activity, smoking, and history of stroke. Associations with risk factors were determined for a global cognitive composite outcome (memory, language, processing speed, and executive functioning tests) and Mini-Mental State Examination score. Individual participant data meta-analyses of multivariable linear mixed model results pooled across cohorts revealed that for at least 1 cognitive outcome, age (B = -0.1, SE = 0.01), APOE*4 carriage (B = -0.31, SE = 0.11), depression (B = -0.11, SE = 0.06), diabetes (B = -0.23, SE = 0.10), current smoking (B = -0.20, SE = 0.08), and history of stroke (B = -0.22, SE = 0.09) were independently associated with poorer cognitive performance (p < 0.05 for all), and higher levels of education (B = 0.12, SE = 0.02) and vigorous physical activity (B = 0.17, SE = 0.06) were associated with better performance (p < 0.01 for both). Age (B = -0.07, SE = 0.01), APOE*4 carriage (B = -0.41, SE = 0.18), and diabetes (B = -0.18, SE = 0.10) were independently associated with faster cognitive decline (p < 0.05 for all). Different effects between Asian people and white people included stronger associations for Asian people between ever smoking and poorer cognition (group by risk factor interaction: B = -0.24, SE = 0.12), and between diabetes and cognitive decline (B = -0.66, SE = 0.27; p < 0.05 for both). Limitations of our study include a loss or distortion of risk factor data with harmonization, and not investigating factors at midlife.ConclusionsThese results suggest that education, smoking, physical activity, diabetes, and stroke are all modifiable factors associated with cognitive decline. If these factors are determined to be causal, controlling them could minimize worldwide levels of cognitive decline. However, any global prevention strategy may need to consider ethno-regional differences.

Published
2019

41. Erratum

Author

Nelson, Peter T, Dickson, Dennis W, Trojanowski, John Q, Jack, Clifford R Jr, Boyle, Patricia A, Arfanakis, Konstantinos, Rademakers, Rosa, Alafuzoff, Irina, Attems, Johannes, Brayne, Carol, Coyle-Gilchrist, Ian TS, Chui, Helena C, Fardo, David W, Flanagan, Margaret E, Halliday, Glenda, Hokkanen, Suvi RK, Hunter, Sally, Jicha, Gregory A, Katsumata, Yuriko, Kawas, Claudia H, Keene, C Dirk, Kovacs, Gabor G, Kukull, Walter A, Levey, Allan I, Makkinejad, Nazanin, Montine, Thomas J, Murayama, Shigeo, Murray, Melissa E, Nag, Sukriti, Rissman, Robert A, Seeley, William W, Sperling, Reisa A, White, Charles LIII, Yu, Lei, and Schneider, Julie A

Subjects
Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

The publisher apologizes for erroneously omitting part of the footnote for Table 2. This has now been corrected both online and in print.

Published
2019

42. Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE): consensus working group report.

Author

Nelson, Peter T, Dickson, Dennis W, Trojanowski, John Q, Jack, Clifford R, Boyle, Patricia A, Arfanakis, Konstantinos, Rademakers, Rosa, Alafuzoff, Irina, Attems, Johannes, Brayne, Carol, Coyle-Gilchrist, Ian TS, Chui, Helena C, Fardo, David W, Flanagan, Margaret E, Halliday, Glenda, Hokkanen, Suvi RK, Hunter, Sally, Jicha, Gregory A, Katsumata, Yuriko, Kawas, Claudia H, Keene, C Dirk, Kovacs, Gabor G, Kukull, Walter A, Levey, Allan I, Makkinejad, Nazanin, Montine, Thomas J, Murayama, Shigeo, Murray, Melissa E, Nag, Sukriti, Rissman, Robert A, Seeley, William W, Sperling, Reisa A, White Iii, Charles L, Yu, Lei, and Schneider, Julie A

Subjects
Brain, Humans, Brain Diseases, Alzheimer Disease, Retrospective Studies, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration, TDP-43 Proteinopathies, Frontotemporal Dementia, Neuroimaging, FTLD, MRI, PET, SNAP, epidemiology, and over, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

We describe a recently recognized disease entity, limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE). LATE neuropathological change (LATE-NC) is defined by a stereotypical TDP-43 proteinopathy in older adults, with or without coexisting hippocampal sclerosis pathology. LATE-NC is a common TDP-43 proteinopathy, associated with an amnestic dementia syndrome that mimicked Alzheimer's-type dementia in retrospective autopsy studies. LATE is distinguished from frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 pathology based on its epidemiology (LATE generally affects older subjects), and relatively restricted neuroanatomical distribution of TDP-43 proteinopathy. In community-based autopsy cohorts, ∼25% of brains had sufficient burden of LATE-NC to be associated with discernible cognitive impairment. Many subjects with LATE-NC have comorbid brain pathologies, often including amyloid-β plaques and tauopathy. Given that the 'oldest-old' are at greatest risk for LATE-NC, and subjects of advanced age constitute a rapidly growing demographic group in many countries, LATE has an expanding but under-recognized impact on public health. For these reasons, a working group was convened to develop diagnostic criteria for LATE, aiming both to stimulate research and to promote awareness of this pathway to dementia. We report consensus-based recommendations including guidelines for diagnosis and staging of LATE-NC. For routine autopsy workup of LATE-NC, an anatomically-based preliminary staging scheme is proposed with TDP-43 immunohistochemistry on tissue from three brain areas, reflecting a hierarchical pattern of brain involvement: amygdala, hippocampus, and middle frontal gyrus. LATE-NC appears to affect the medial temporal lobe structures preferentially, but other areas also are impacted. Neuroimaging studies demonstrated that subjects with LATE-NC also had atrophy in the medial temporal lobes, frontal cortex, and other brain regions. Genetic studies have thus far indicated five genes with risk alleles for LATE-NC: GRN, TMEM106B, ABCC9, KCNMB2, and APOE. The discovery of these genetic risk variants indicate that LATE shares pathogenetic mechanisms with both frontotemporal lobar degeneration and Alzheimer's disease, but also suggests disease-specific underlying mechanisms. Large gaps remain in our understanding of LATE. For advances in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, there is an urgent need for research focused on LATE, including in vitro and animal models. An obstacle to clinical progress is lack of diagnostic tools, such as biofluid or neuroimaging biomarkers, for ante-mortem detection of LATE. Development of a disease biomarker would augment observational studies seeking to further define the risk factors, natural history, and clinical features of LATE, as well as eventual subject recruitment for targeted therapies in clinical trials.

Published
2019

43. Global, regional, and national burden of neurological disorders, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Author

Collaborators, GBD 2016 Neurology, Feigin, Valery L, Nichols, Emma, Alam, Tahiya, Bannick, Marlena S, Beghi, Ettore, Blake, Natacha, Culpepper, William J, Dorsey, E Ray, Elbaz, Alexis, Ellenbogen, Richard G, Fisher, James L, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Giussani, Giorgia, Glennie, Linda, James, Spencer L, Johnson, Catherine Owens, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Marin, Benoît, Mountjoy-Venning, W Cliff, Nguyen, Minh, Ofori-Asenso, Richard, Patel, Anoop P, Piccininni, Marco, Roth, Gregory A, Steiner, Timothy J, Stovner, Lars Jacob, Szoeke, Cassandra EI, Theadom, Alice, Vollset, Stein Emil, Wallin, Mitchell Taylor, Wright, Claire, Zunt, Joseph Raymond, Abbasi, Nooshin, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdelalim, Ahmed, Abdollahpour, Ibrahim, Aboyans, Victor, Abraha, Haftom Niguse, Acharya, Dilaram, Adamu, Abdu A, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Adeoye, Abiodun Moshood, Adsuar, Jose C, Afarideh, Mohsen, Agrawal, Sutapa, Ahmadi, Alireza, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Aichour, Ibtihel, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akseer, Nadia, Al-Eyadhy, Ayman, Salman, Rustam Al-Shahi, Alahdab, Fares, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Altirkawi, Khalid, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Anber, Nahla Hamed, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Arabloo, Jalal, Aremu, Olatunde, Ärnlöv, Johan, Asayesh, Hamid, Asghar, Rana Jawad, Atalay, Hagos Tasew, Awasthi, Ashish, Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala, Ayuk, Tambe B, Badawi, Alaa, Banach, Maciej, Banoub, Joseph Adel Mattar, Barboza, Miguel A, Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Baune, Bernhard T, Bedi, Neeraj, Behzadifar, Masoud, Behzadifar, Meysam, Béjot, Yannick, Bekele, Bayu Begashaw, Belachew, Abate Bekele, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berhane, Adugnaw, Beuran, Mircea, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Biadgo, Belete, Bijani, Ali, Bililign, Nigus, Bin Sayeed, Muhammad Shahdaat, Blazes, Christopher Kynrint, Brayne, Carol, Butt, Zahid A, Campos-Nonato, Ismael R, and Cantu-Brito, Carlos

Subjects
Neurosciences, Headaches, Pain Research, Aging, Brain Disorders, Prevention, Neurodegenerative, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Neurological, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cause of Death, Dementia, Disability Evaluation, Female, Global Burden of Disease, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Nervous System Diseases, Prevalence, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Socioeconomic Factors, GBD 2016 Neurology Collaborators, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

BackgroundNeurological disorders are increasingly recognised as major causes of death and disability worldwide. The aim of this analysis from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2016 is to provide the most comprehensive and up-to-date estimates of the global, regional, and national burden from neurological disorders.MethodsWe estimated prevalence, incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs; the sum of years of life lost [YLLs] and years lived with disability [YLDs]) by age and sex for 15 neurological disorder categories (tetanus, meningitis, encephalitis, stroke, brain and other CNS cancers, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, motor neuron diseases, idiopathic epilepsy, migraine, tension-type headache, and a residual category for other less common neurological disorders) in 195 countries from 1990 to 2016. DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool, was the main method of estimation of prevalence and incidence, and the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm) was used for mortality estimation. We quantified the contribution of 84 risks and combinations of risk to the disease estimates for the 15 neurological disorder categories using the GBD comparative risk assessment approach.FindingsGlobally, in 2016, neurological disorders were the leading cause of DALYs (276 million [95% UI 247-308]) and second leading cause of deaths (9·0 million [8·8-9·4]). The absolute number of deaths and DALYs from all neurological disorders combined increased (deaths by 39% [34-44] and DALYs by 15% [9-21]) whereas their age-standardised rates decreased (deaths by 28% [26-30] and DALYs by 27% [24-31]) between 1990 and 2016. The only neurological disorders that had a decrease in rates and absolute numbers of deaths and DALYs were tetanus, meningitis, and encephalitis. The four largest contributors of neurological DALYs were stroke (42·2% [38·6-46·1]), migraine (16·3% [11·7-20·8]), Alzheimer's and other dementias (10·4% [9·0-12·1]), and meningitis (7·9% [6·6-10·4]). For the combined neurological disorders, age-standardised DALY rates were significantly higher in males than in females (male-to-female ratio 1·12 [1·05-1·20]), but migraine, multiple sclerosis, and tension-type headache were more common and caused more burden in females, with male-to-female ratios of less than 0·7. The 84 risks quantified in GBD explain less than 10% of neurological disorder DALY burdens, except stroke, for which 88·8% (86·5-90·9) of DALYs are attributable to risk factors, and to a lesser extent Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (22·3% [11·8-35·1] of DALYs are risk attributable) and idiopathic epilepsy (14·1% [10·8-17·5] of DALYs are risk attributable).InterpretationGlobally, the burden of neurological disorders, as measured by the absolute number of DALYs, continues to increase. As populations are growing and ageing, and the prevalence of major disabling neurological disorders steeply increases with age, governments will face increasing demand for treatment, rehabilitation, and support services for neurological disorders. The scarcity of established modifiable risks for most of the neurological burden demonstrates that new knowledge is required to develop effective prevention and treatment strategies.FundingBill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Published
2019

44. Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author

Nichols, Emma, Steinmetz, Jaimie D, Vollset, Stein Emil, Fukutaki, Kai, Chalek, Julian, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdoli, Amir, Abualhasan, Ahmed, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Akram, Tayyaba Tayyaba, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Alahdab, Fares, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alipour, Vahid, Almustanyir, Sami, Amu, Hubert, Ansari, Iman, Arabloo, Jalal, Ashraf, Tahira, Astell-Burt, Thomas, Ayano, Getinet, Ayuso-Mateos, Jose L, Baig, Atif Amin, Barnett, Anthony, Barrow, Amadou, Baune, Bernhard T, Béjot, Yannick, Bezabhe, Woldesellassie M Mequanint, Bezabih, Yihienew Mequanint, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhaskar, Sonu, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bijani, Ali, Biswas, Atanu, Bolla, Srinivasa Rao, Boloor, Archith, Brayne, Carol, Brenner, Hermann, Burkart, Katrin, Burns, Richard A, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Cao, Chao, Carvalho, Felix, Castro-de-Araujo, Luis F S, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Cerin, Ester, Chavan, Prachi P, Cherbuin, Nicolas, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Costa, Vera Marisa, Couto, Rosa A S, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Xiaochen, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, De la Cruz-Góngora, Vanessa, Dhamnetiya, Deepak, Dias da Silva, Diana, Diaz, Daniel, Douiri, Abdel, Edvardsson, David, Ekholuenetale, Michael, El Sayed, Iman, El-Jaafary, Shaimaa I, Eskandari, Khalil, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Esmaeilnejad, Saman, Fares, Jawad, Faro, Andre, Farooque, Umar, Feigin, Valery L, Feng, Xiaoqi, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, Eduarda, Ferrara, Pietro, Filip, Irina, Fillit, Howard, Fischer, Florian, Gaidhane, Shilpa, Galluzzo, Lucia, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Ghith, Nermin, Gialluisi, Alessandro, Gilani, Syed Amir, Glavan, Ionela-Roxana, Gnedovskaya, Elena V, Golechha, Mahaveer, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Haider, Mohammad Rifat, Hall, Brian J, Hamidi, Samer, Hanif, Asif, Hankey, Graeme J, Haque, Shafiul, Hartono, Risky Kusuma, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hasan, M Tasdik, Hassan, Amr, Hay, Simon I, Hayat, Khezar, Hegazy, Mohamed I, Heidari, Golnaz, Heidari-Soureshjani, Reza, Herteliu, Claudiu, Househ, Mowafa, Hussain, Rabia, Hwang, Bing-Fang, Iacoviello, Licia, Iavicoli, Ivo, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M, Ilic, Milena D, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Iso, Hiroyasu, Iwagami, Masao, Jabbarinejad, Roxana, Jacob, Louis, Jain, Vardhmaan, Jayapal, Sathish Kumar, Jayawardena, Ranil, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B, Joseph, Nitin, Kalani, Rizwan, Kandel, Amit, Kandel, Himal, Karch, André, Kasa, Ayele Semachew, Kassie, Gizat M, Keshavarz, Pedram, Khan, Moien AB, Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli, Khoja, Tawfik Ahmed Muthafer, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Min Seo, Kim, Yun Jin, Kisa, Adnan, Kisa, Sezer, Kivimäki, Mika, Koroshetz, Walter J, Koyanagi, Ai, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Manasi, Lak, Hassan Mehmood, Leonardi, Matilde, Li, Bingyu, Lim, Stephen S, Liu, Xuefeng, Liu, Yuewei, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Lorkowski, Stefan, Lucchetti, Giancarlo, Lutzky Saute, Ricardo, Magnani, Francesca Giulia, Malik, Ahmad Azam, Massano, João, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Menezes, Ritesh G, Meretoja, Atte, Mohajer, Bahram, Mohamed Ibrahim, Norlinah, Mohammad, Yousef, Mohammed, Arif, Mokdad, Ali H, Mondello, Stefania, Moni, Mohammad Ali Ali, Moniruzzaman, Md, Mossie, Tilahun Belete, Nagel, Gabriele, Naveed, Muhammad, Nayak, Vinod C, Neupane Kandel, Sandhya, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Oancea, Bogdan, Otstavnov, Nikita, Otstavnov, Stanislav S, Owolabi, Mayowa O, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pashazadeh Kan, Fatemeh, Pasovic, Maja, Patel, Urvish K, Pathak, Mona, Peres, Mario F P, Perianayagam, Arokiasamy, Peterson, Carrie B, Phillips, Michael R, Pinheiro, Marina, Piradov, Michael A, Pond, Constance Dimity, Potashman, Michele H, Pottoo, Faheem Hyder, Prada, Sergio I, Radfar, Amir, Raggi, Alberto, Rahim, Fakher, Rahman, Mosiur, Ram, Pradhum, Ranasinghe, Priyanga, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Rezaei, Nima, Rezapour, Aziz, Robinson, Stephen R, Romoli, Michele, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Sahathevan, Ramesh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Sathian, Brijesh, Sattin, Davide, Sawhney, Monika, Saylan, Mete, Schiavolin, Silvia, Seylani, Allen, Sha, Feng, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shaji, KS, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Shetty, Jeevan K, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Jae Il, Shiri, Rahman, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, João Pedro, Silva, Renata, Singh, Jasvinder A, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Smith, Amanda E, Soshnikov, Sergey, Spurlock, Emma Elizabeth, Stein, Dan J, Sun, Jing, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Thakur, Bhaskar, Timalsina, Binod, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tsegaye, Gebiyaw Wudie, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, Valdez, Pascual R, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Vlassov, Vasily, Vu, Giang Thu, Vu, Linh Gia, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Wimo, Anders, Winkler, Andrea Sylvia, Yadav, Lalit, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Yang, Lin, Yano, Yuichiro, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yu, Chuanhua, Yunusa, Ismaeel, Zadey, Siddhesh, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zastrozhina, Anasthasia, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Murray, Christopher J L, and Vos, Theo

Published
2022
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45. Temporal trends in population attributable fractions of modifiable risk factors for dementia: a time-series study of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2004–2019).

Author

Chen, Shanquan, Underwood, Benjamin R., Cardinal, Rudolf N., Chen, Xi, Chen, Shu, Amin, Jay, Jin, Huajie, Huang, Jing, Mueller, Christoph, Yan, Lijing L., Brayne, Carol, and Kuper, Hannah

Subjects
DISEASE risk factors, SEDENTARY behavior, HEARING disorders, LONGITUDINAL method, BRAIN injuries
Abstract

Background: Interest in modifiable risk factors (MRFs) for dementia is high, given the personal, social, and economic impact of the disorder, especially in ageing societies such as the United Kingdom. Exploring the population attributable fraction (PAF) of dementia attributable to MRFs and how this may have changed over time remains unclear. Unravelling the temporal dynamics of MRFs is crucial for informing the development of evidence-based and effective public health policies. This investigation examined the temporal trajectories of MRFs for dementia in England. Methods: We used data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, a panel study over eight waves collected between 2004 and 2019 (76,904 interviews in total). We calculated the PAFs for twelve MRFs (including six early- to mid-life factors and six late-life factors), as recommended by the Lancet Commission, and the individual weighted PAFs (IW-PAFs) for each risk factor. Temporal trends were analysed to understand the changes in the overall PAF and IW-PAF over the study period. Subgroup analyses were conducted by sex and socioeconomic status (SES). Results: The overall PAF for dementia MRFs changed from 46.73% in 2004/2005 to 36.79% in 2018/2019, though this trend was not statistically significant. During 2004–2019, hypertension, with an average IW-PAF of 8.21%, was the primary modifiable determinant of dementia, followed by obesity (6.16%), social isolation (5.61%), hearing loss (4.81%), depression (4.72%), low education (4.63%), physical inactivity (3.26%), diabetes mellitus (2.49%), smoking (2.0%), excessive alcohol consumption (1.16%), air pollution (0.42%), and traumatic brain injury (TBI) (0.26%). During 2004–2019, only IW-PAFs of low education, social isolation, and smoking showed significant decreasing trends, while IW-PAFs of other factors either did not change significantly or increased (including TBI, diabetes mellitus, and air pollution). Upon sex-specific disaggregation, a higher overall PAF for MRFs was found among women, predominantly associated with later-life risk factors, most notably social isolation, depression, and physical inactivity. Additionally, hearing loss, classified as an early- to mid-life factor, played a supplementary role in the identified sex disparity. A comparable discrepancy was evident upon PAF evaluation by SES, with lower income groups experiencing a higher dementia risk, largely tied to later-life factors such as social isolation, physical inactivity, depression, and smoking. Early- to mid-life factors, in particular, low education and obesity, were also observed to contribute to the SES-associated divergence in dementia risk. Temporal PAF and IW-PAF trends, stratified by sex and SES, revealed that MRF PAF gaps across sex or SES categories have persisted or increased. Conclusions: In England, there was little change over time in the proportion of dementia attributable to known modifiable risk factors. The observed trends underscore the continuing relevance of these risk factors and the need for targeted public health strategies to address them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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46. The longitudinal associations between ambient air pollution exposure and dementia in the UK: results from the cognitive function and ageing study II and Wales.

Author

Wu, Yu-Tzu, Kitwiroon, Nutthida, Beevers, Sean, Barratt, Benjamin, Brayne, Carol, Cerin, Ester, Franklin, Rachel, Houlden, Vikki, Woods, Bob, Zied Abozied, Eman, Prina, Matthew, and Matthews, Fiona

Subjects
AIR pollution, COGNITIVE aging, COGNITIVE ability, DEMENTIA, AIR pollutants
Abstract

Background: Air pollution has been recognised as a potential risk factor for dementia. Yet recent epidemiological research shows mixed evidence. The aim of this study is to investigate the longitudinal associations between ambient air pollution exposure and dementia in older people across five urban and rural areas in the UK. Methods: This study was based on two population-based cohort studies of 11329 people aged ≥ 65 in the Cognitive Function and Ageing Study II (2008–2011) and Wales (2011–2013). An algorithmic diagnosis method was used to identify dementia cases. Annual concentrations of four air pollutants (NO2, O3, PM10, PM2.5) were modelled for the year 2012 and linked via the participants' postcodes. Multistate modelling was used to examine the effects of exposure to air pollutants on incident dementia incorporating death and adjusting for sociodemographic factors and area deprivation. A random-effect meta-analysis was carried out to summarise results from the current and nine existing cohort studies. Results: Higher exposure levels of NO2 (HR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.14), O3 (HR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.70, 1.15), PM10 (HR: 1.17; 95% CI: 0.86, 1.58), PM2.5 (HR: 1.41; 95% CI: 0.71, 2.79) were not strongly associated with dementia in the two UK-based cohorts. Inconsistent directions and strengths of the associations were observed across the two cohorts, five areas, and nine existing studies. Conclusions: In contrast to the literature, this study did not find clear associations between air pollution and dementia. Future research needs to investigate how methodological and contextual factors can affect evidence in this field and clarity the influence of air pollution exposure on cognitive health over the lifecourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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47. Immune-related genetic enrichment in frontotemporal dementia: An analysis of genome-wide association studies

Author

Broce, Iris, Karch, Celeste M, Wen, Natalie, Fan, Chun C, Wang, Yunpeng, Hong Tan, Chin, Kouri, Naomi, Ross, Owen A, Höglinger, Günter U, Muller, Ulrich, Hardy, John, Momeni, Parastoo, Hess, Christopher P, Dillon, William P, Miller, Zachary A, Bonham, Luke W, Rabinovici, Gil D, Rosen, Howard J, Schellenberg, Gerard D, Franke, Andre, Karlsen, Tom H, Veldink, Jan H, Ferrari, Raffaele, Yokoyama, Jennifer S, Miller, Bruce L, Andreassen, Ole A, Dale, Anders M, Desikan, Rahul S, Sugrue, Leo P, Brayne, Carol, and International FTD-Genomics Consortium

Published
2018

48. Long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of life of people with dementia and their family carers

Author

Read, Sanna, primary, Hicks, Ben, additional, Budden, Emily, additional, Douglass, Jacob, additional, Grahamslaw, Amanda, additional, Herrero, Elena, additional, Joseph, Gregory, additional, Kirkup, Christine, additional, Pusey, Martha, additional, Russell, Alice, additional, Sondh, Harsharon, additional, Sondh, Sharon, additional, Storey, Bryony, additional, Towson, Georgia, additional, Baxter, Kate, additional, Birks, Yvonne, additional, Brayne, Carol, additional, Colclough, Carmen, additional, Dangoor, Margaret, additional, Dixon, Josie, additional, Donaghy, Paul, additional, Gridley, Kate, additional, Harris, Peter R, additional, Hu, Bo, additional, King, Derek, additional, Knapp, Martin, additional, Miles, Eleanor, additional, Mueller, Christoph, additional, Perach, Rotem, additional, Robinson, Louise, additional, Rusted, Jennifer, additional, Thomas, Alan J, additional, Wittenberg, Raphael, additional, and Banerjee, Sube, additional

Published
2024
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49. Incident dementia risk among patients with type 2 diabetes receiving metformin versus alternative oral glucose-lowering therapy: an observational cohort study using UK primary healthcare records

Author

Doran, William, primary, Tunnicliffe, Louis, additional, Muzambi, Rutendo, additional, Rentsch, Christopher T, additional, Bhaskaran, Krishnan, additional, Smeeth, Liam, additional, Brayne, Carol, additional, Williams, Dylan M, additional, Chaturvedi, Nish, additional, Eastwood, Sophie V, additional, Dunachie, Susanna J, additional, Mathur, Rohini, additional, and Warren-Gash, Charlotte, additional

Published
2024
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