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To provide scientific instruction in predicting the climate changes and adopting the suitable measures for field cultivation and management of tobacco, the changes of main climatic parameters on multi-time scales in the six tobacco-planting counties of Chenzhou city in China were studied. Sunshine hours (S) in the six counties had significant positive linear correlation with year (from 1980 to 2020) and precipitation (P) changed irregularly on the scales of year, field-growth period, and rooting and flourishing stages, and they changed significantly in maturing stage. Sunshine hours (S) in the six counties had significant positive linear correlation with year on the scale of rooting stage, changed irregular with year on the scale of year, and showed different change tendencies in different counties in flourishing and maturing stages. On the scale of field-growth period, the daily cumulative temperature (T) was lower than the optimal value in rooting and flourishing stages, but higher than the optimal value in maturing stage. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 977-985, 2021 (September) Special

The creep problems are often involved in soil under cyclic loading, and its behaviors of soil under cyclic loading sparks many arguments in current research field. To propose one new model to demonstrate these creep behaviors of soil under cyclic loading, the cyclic loading was simplified equivalently, and the elastic-viscoplastic model (EVPM) for soil under cyclic loading was established based on the Bingham model. The yield criterion for soil under cyclic loading with constant amplitude was proposed following the simplified load. A constitutive equation based on the EVPM was constructed by using the flow criterion related to the yield criterion. Meanwhile, the parameters of EVPM were identified and discussed. In addition, the case analysis of the EVPM was also performed. The results indicate that the stable and destructive creep behaviors of soil under cyclic loading could be well described by the recommended EVPM, and the obtained parameters in the model exhibited a clear regularity with the increase of dynamic stress amplitude. Besides, the established model could be selected to predict the stable and destructive creep behavior of soil under cyclic loading.

We propose a 10-Gb/s Wavelength-Division-Multiplexed Passive Optical Network (WDM-PON) scheme with upstream transmission employing Reflective Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (RSOA) and Fibre Bragg Grating (FBG) optical equaliser. Transmissions of 10-Gb/s non return-to-zero signals using a 1.2-GHz RSOA and FBG optical equaliser with different setups are demonstrated. Significant performance improvement and 40-km standard single mode fibre transmission are achieved using FBG optical equaliser and Remotely Pumped Erbium-Doped Fibre Amplifier (RP-EDFA), where they are used to equalise the output of the band-limited RSOA and amplify the seed light and upstream signal, respectively.

In modern distribution system high efficient, clean, reliable and flexible electricity energy is required to supply to customers. Self-healing distribution network has been raised as one of the most emerging and significant characters for such smart distribution system to cope with all kinds of threatens from inside and outside of the system. Events and alarms are the bases for system status comprehend and decision making. Alarm management is a traditional feature of Supervisor control and data acquisition (SCADA) and distribution management systems (DMS), and key feature for smart self-healing distribution system as intelligent alarm. When events occur in distribution system, too many alarms rush to control center. The alarms are separated and maybe suspicious preventing the understanding of the whole event. In this paper, an alarm management framework is proposed for intelligent alarm processing. Firstly the events and alarms for self-healing smart distribution system are categorized. Then a complex event processing based intelligent alarm processing method is proposed for effective management alarms and events. Finally, example is shown based our framework. and the advantage of alarm management is illustrated. The alarm management framework can not only recognize the event sequence, providing effective intelligent alarm, but also reduce the amount of alarms to process by system operators. facilitating decision making.

An EAM-based comb source generator is proposed in this article. The simulation result demonstrates 32 carriers spaced 0.2nm (25GHz) spanning 8nm with flatness in 2.5dB and extinction ratio of 30dB.