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Copyright of Canadian Veterinary Journal / Revue Vétérinaire Canadienne is the property of Canadian Veterinary Medical Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

SomeSalmonellaspp. are zoonotic, a frequent cause of foodborne illness in Canada, and known to infect humans through contaminated poultry and poultry products. Certain serotypes ofSalmonellaspp. have been demonstrated to be vertically transmitted from hen to egg. The incidence ofSalmonellaspp. isolation in the flock has been correlated to its isolation from the environment. Twenty-one producers were enrolled in this study to examine the occurrence ofSalmonellaspp. in 48 table egg layer flocks housed in 35 barns in Alberta. The purpose of this study was to: (i) identifySalmonellaserotypes isolated from the environment of table egg layer facilities in Alberta and (ii) record the prevalence ofSalmonellaspp. across eight defined environmental sampling points.Salmonellaspp. were isolated from the environment of 20/35 barns representing 29/48 flocks. The most common serotypes isolated wereS. Heidelberg,S. Kentucky andS. Mbandaka. The order of most to least contaminated sample location was manure belts (54.1%), feeders (47.9%), feed motors (45.8%), egg belts and walls (41.7%), fans (35.0%), cage bottoms (31.3%) and lobbies (27.1%).Salmonellaspp. were isolated from 7/7 barns post cleaning and disinfection, demonstrating the persistence of this organism in the environment and the need for effective eradication protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Salmonella entericaserovar Heidelberg is one of the top three serovars implicated in human infections in Canada. In 2003, the Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance reported antimicrobial resistance (AMR) inS. Heidelberg in Canada. The study objective was to investigate the AMR ofS. Heidelberg isolated from poultry in Alberta. We examined 951S. Heidelberg poultry isolates obtained during 1996 to 2010 and tested against 18 antibiotics using the Sensititre AVIAN1F system. Temporal resistance patterns were analysed using single-level logistic regression models. Continuous variables were included in the multivariable models. Multivariable models were built and variables and interactions were included in these final models. Data were analysed using Stata 11 Intercooled. Ceftiofur resistance ranged annually from 0 to 10.5% and gentamicin resistance ranged annually from 0 to 33.3%; no isolates were enrofloxacin resistant. Resistance to amoxicillin (annual range 0 to 42.6%) varied significantly by time and interaction with commodity type. Meat turkeyS.Heidelberg isolates had higher ceftiofur resistance compared with chickens: layers plus layer breeders (odds ratio = 22.6,P< 0.01) and broiler breeders (odds ratio = 9.1,P< 0.01). Gentamicin resistance decreased significantly over the study period (odds ratio = 0.72 per year,P< 0.01). Tetracycline (TET) resistance changed significantly over time (annual range 0 to 39.6%), interacting with poultry commodity type. Meat turkey isolate TET resistance, higher overall than that of chicken, increased throughout the study. All turkey breeder isolates were resistant to TET. In conclusion, this study provides AMR data forS. Heidelberg isolates from the Alberta poultry industry and demonstrated significant trends in resistance, both temporal and between poultry commodities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objectives of this study were to describe the antimicrobial susceptibility and serotypes of clinical Salmonella spp. isolates from Alberta cattle, to inform antimicrobial stewardship decisions for Alberta bovine veterinarians and to provide data for national surveillance. Isolates were collected from cattle and serotyped by Alberta Agriculture and Forestry from 2006 to 2014. Susceptibility testing was completed using Canadian surveillance breakpoints. There were 81 unique Salmonella isolates from 72 visits to 27 farms. The majority of isolates were S. Typhimurium (66.7%) and S. Dublin (19.8%). The prevalence of multidrug resistance was high in S. Typhimurium (89.1%) and S. Dublin (93.8%), including ceftiofur resistance (43.6% and 68.8%, respectively), while there was no resistance in other serotypes. As ceftiofur is a recommended treatment option for enteritis and septicemia caused by Salmonella in cattle, these results reinforce that obtaining bacterial culture and susceptibility results is critical for suspected cases of bovine salmonellosis in Alberta.