Search

Your search keyword '"Dhillon, Parveen"' showing total 38 results
Start Over Author "Dhillon, Parveen" Publication Year Range Last 50 years
38 results on '"Dhillon, Parveen"'

1. Humidity-Aware Model Predictive Control for Residential Air Conditioning: A Field Study

Author

Pergantis, Elias N., Dhillon, Parveen, Premer, Levi D. Reyes, Lee, Alex H., Ziviani, Davide, and Kircher, Kevin J.

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract

Model predictive control of residential air conditioning could reduce energy costs and greenhouse gas emissions while maintaining or improving occupants' thermal comfort. However, most approaches to predictive air conditioning control either do not model indoor humidity or treat it as constant. This simplification stems from challenges with modeling indoor humidity dynamics, particularly the high-order, nonlinear equations that govern heat and mass transfer between the air conditioner's evaporator coil and the indoor air. This paper develops a machine-learning approach to modeling indoor humidity dynamics that is suitable for real-world deployment at scale. This study then investigates the value of humidity modeling in four field tests of predictive control in an occupied house. The four field tests evaluate two different building models: One with constant humidity and one with time-varying humidity. Each modeling approach is tested in two different predictive controllers: One that focuses on reducing energy costs and one that focuses on constraining electric power during a demand response event. The two models lead to similar performance for reducing energy costs. Combining the results of this study and a prior heating study of the same house, the estimated year-round energy cost savings were $340-497 or 22-31% (95% confidence intervals); these savings were consistent across both humidity models. However, in the demand response tests, the simplifying assumption of constant humidity led to far more frequent and severe violations of the power constraint. These results suggest that accurate building models are important for nonlinear objectives, such as reducing or constraining peak demand, while for linear objectives such as reducing energy costs or emissions, model accuracy is less important.

Published
2024

2. Field demonstration of predictive heating control for an all-electric house in a cold climate

Author

Pergantis, Elias N., Priyadarshan, Theeb, Nadah Al, Dhillon, Parveen, Ore, Jonathan P., Ziviani, Davide, Groll, Eckhard A., and Kircher, Kevin J.

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract

Efficient electric heat pumps that replace fossil-fueled heating systems could significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, electric heat pumps can sharply increase electricity demand, causing high utility bills and stressing the power grid. Residential neighborhoods could see particularly high electricity demand during cold weather, when heat demand rises and heat pump efficiencies fall. This paper presents the development and field demonstration of a predictive control system for an air-to-air heat pump with backup electric resistance heat. The control system adjusts indoor temperature set-points based on weather forecasts, occupancy conditions, and data-driven models of the building and heating equipment. Field tests from January to March of 2023 in an occupied, all-electric, 208 m^2 detached single-family house in Indiana, USA, included outdoor temperatures as low as -15 C. On average over these tests, the control system reduced daily heating energy use by 19% (95% confidence interval: 13--24%), energy used for backup heat by 38%, and the frequency of using the highest stage (19 kW) of backup heat by 83%. Concurrent surveys of residents showed that the control system maintained satisfactory thermal comfort. The control system could reduce the house's total annual heating costs by about $300 (95% confidence interval: 23--34%). These real-world results could strengthen the case for deploying predictive home heating control, bringing the technology one step closer to reducing emissions, utility bills, and power grid impacts at scale.

Published
2024

8. Post-anaesthesia pulmonary complications after use of muscle relaxants (POPULAR): a multicentre, prospective observational study

Author

Abad Gurumeta, Alfredo, Abernethy, Caroline, Abigail, Patrick, Achaibar, Kira, Adam, Emily, Afshari, Arash, Agudelo Montoya, M. Elizabeth, Akgün, Fatma Nur, Aletti, Gabriele, Alkış, Neslihan, Allan, Katie, Allan, Ashley, Allaouchiche, Bernard, Allcock, Clare, Almasy, Emoke, Amey, Isobel, Amigoni, Maria, Andersen, Elin, Andersson, Peder, Anipchenko, Natalya, Antunes, Pedro, Armstrong, Earlene, Aslam, Tayyba Naz, Aslin, Bjorn, Assunção, José Pedro, Ausserer, Julia, Avvai, Mary, Awad, Nahla, Ayas Montero, Begoña, Ayuso, Mercedes, Azevedo, Patricia, Badarau, Victoria, Badescu, Roxana, Baiardo Redaelli, Martina, Baird, Colin, Baird, Yolanda, Baker, Tim, Balaji, Packianathaswamy, Bălan, Cristina, Balandin, Alina, Balescu-Arion, Carmen, Baliuliene, Vilda, Baltasar Isabel, Jorge, Baluch, Saif Nasr, Bandrabur, Daniela, Bankewitz, Carla, Barber, Katrina, Barbera, Francesco, Barcraft-Barnes, Helena, Barletti, Valentina, Barnett, Gill, Baron, Kirsty, Barros, Ana, Barsan, Victoria, Bartlett, Pauline, Batistaki, Chrysanthi, Baumgarten, Georg, Baytas, Volkan, Beauchamp, Nigel, Becerra Cayetano, Isabel A., Bell, Stephanie, Bellandi, Mattia, Belletti, Alessandro, Belmonte Cuenca, Julio, Benitez-Cano, Adela, Beretta, Luigi, Berger, Marc, Bergmann, Nicole, Bergmark, Kristina, Bermudez Lopez, Maria, Bernotaite, Monika, Beurskens, Charlotte, Bidd, Heena, Bifulco, Francesca, Bignami, Elena, Bilic, Aleksandar, Bilskiene, Diana, Bischoff, Petra, Bishop, Luke, Bjonness, Therese, Blaylock, Hether, Blethyn, Kate, Blincoe, Thomas, Blokhin, Ivan, Blunt, Nadia, Boer, Christa, Bois, Grégory, Bonicolini, Eleonora, Booth, Joanna, Borecka-Kedzierska, Miroslawa, Borstnar, Katarina, Borys, Michał, Boselli, Emmanuel, Bouvet, Lionel, Bouwman, Arthur, Bowen, Leonora, Bowrey, Sarah, Boxall, Leigh, Božić, Teodora, Bradley, Tom, Branco, Teresa, Brazzi, Luca, Brazzoni, Marcella, Brear, Tracy, Brogly, Nicolas, Brohi, Farooq, Broms, Jacob, Bubliauskas, Andrius, Bucolo, Gea Erika, Buerkle, Hartmut, Buggy, Donal, Buhre, Wolfgang, Bukauskas, Tomas, Butturini, Francesco, Byttner, Anders, Cabrera Díaz, Itahísa, Calderon, Adriana, Calhau, Ricardo, Callejo, Angel, Cammu, Guy, Campesato, Manuela, Can, Özlem S, Candeias, Margarida, Cantor, Andreea, Carise, Elsa, Carmona, Cristina, Carreteiro, Joana, Carrieri, Cosima, Carter, Anna, Casal, Manuela, Casanova, Irene, Cascella, Marco, Casero, Luis M., Casiraghi, Guiseppina Maria, Castelo-Branco, Laila, Castro Arranz, Carlos, Cernea, Daniela Denisa, Cervantes, Jesoporiol, Chandler, Ben, Charnock, Robert, Chatzimicali, Aikaterini, Chinery, Elane, Chishti, Ahmed, Chondhury, Priyakam, Christie, Emily, Christodoudiles, George, Ciardo, Stefano, Cimpeanu, Luminata, Cindea, Iulia, Cinnella, Gilda, Clark, Sebastian, Clayton, Matthew, Cocu, Simona, Collyer, Thomas, Colvin, Carie, Cope, Sean, Copeta, Filomena, Copotoiu, Sanda-Maria, Correia de Barros, Filinto, Corso, Ruggero Massimo, Cortegiani, Andrea, Costa, Gabriela, Cowton, Amanda, Cox, Nicolas, Craig, James, Cricca, Valentina, Cronin, John, Cunha, Mariana, Cuomo, Arturo, Curley, Katherine, Czuczwar, Mirosław, Dabrowska, Domenika, Damster, Sabrine, Danguy des Déserts, Marc, Daniliuc, Aura, Danninger, Thomas, Darwish, Imad, Dascalu, Corina, Davies, Kirsty, Davies, Simon, De Boer, Hans, De Flaviis, Adelisa, De Selincourt, Gabrielle, Deana, Cristian, Debaene, Bertrand, Debreceni, Gabor, Dedhia, Jatin, Delgado Garcia, Isabel, Della Rocca, Giorgio, Delroy-Buelles, Llana, Desai, Tejal, Dhillon, Parveen, Di Giacinto, Ida, Di Mauro, Piero, Diaz Gomez, Tamara V., Dimitrovski, Aleksandar, Dinic, Vesna, Dîrzu, Dan-Sebastian, Divander, Mona Britt, Dolinar, Janez, Domingues, Susana, Doolan, James, Downes, Charlotte, Dragoescu, Nicoleta Alice, Droc, Gabriela, Dum, Elisabeth, Dumitrescu, Alexandra, Duncan, Louise, Dzurňáková, Paul, Eberl, Susanne, Edwards, Jayne, Edwards, Mark, Ekelund, Kim, Ekengren, Patrik, Elghouty, Eyad, Ellerkmann, Richard, Ellis, Helen, Elme, Andreas, Ernst, Thomas, Errando, Carlos Luis, Estenes, Simao, Ewaldsson, Callis, Farid, Nahla, Featherstone, James, Febres, Daniela, Fedorov, Sergey, Feggeler, Johanna, Feijten, Prisca, Fellmann, Tobias, Fernandez Candil, Juan, Fernandez Castineira, Ana, Fernández Castineira, Juan, Fernando, Aruna, Ferrando, Carlos, Ferreira, Leonia, Ferreira, Patrick, Feyling, Anders, Filipescu, Daniela, Fleischer, Andreas, Floris, Leda, Foerster, Urs, Fox, Benjamin, Franke, Uwe, Frasca, Denis, Frey, Christian, Frost, Victoria, Fullin, Giorgio, Fumagalli, Jacopo, Furneval, Julie, Fusari, Maurizio, Gallacher, Stuart, Galushka, Svetlana, Gambale, Giorgio, Gambino, Irene, Garcia-Perez, Maria Luisa, Garg, Sanjeev, Garlak, Justyna, Gavranovic, Zeljka, Gavrilov, Roman, Gaynor, Lames, Gecaj Gashi, Agreta, Georghiou, Maria, Gerjevic, Bozena, Gferer, Gudrun, Giarratano, Antonino, Gibson, Andy, Gievski, Vanja, Giles, Julian, Gillberg, Lars, Gilowska, Katarzyna, Gilsanz Rodriguez, Fernando, Gioia, Antonio, Giovannoni, Cecilia, Girotra, Vandana, Gkinas, Dimitrios, Gkiokas, George, Godoroja, Daniela, Goebel, Ulrich, Goel, Vandana, Gonzalez, Matilde, Goranovic, Tatjana, Gornik-Wlaszczuk, Ewa, Gosavi, Smita, Gottfridsson, peter, Gottschalk, André, Granell, Manuel, Granstrom, Anna, Grassetto, Alberto, Greenwood, Anna, Grigoras, Ioana, Grintescu, Ioana, Gritsan, Alexey, Gritsan, Galina, Grynyuk, Andriy, Guadagnin, Giovanni Maria, Guarnieri, Marcello, Güçlü, Çiğdem, Guerrero Diez, Maria, Gunenc, Ferim, Günther, Ulf, Gupta, Pawan, Guttenthaler, Vera, Hack, Yvonne, Hafisayena, Ade, Hagau, Natalia, Haldar, Jagannath, Hales, Dawn, Hancı, Volkan, Hanna-Jumma, Sameer, Harazim, Hana, Harlet, Pierre, Harper, Daniel, Harris, Benjamin, Harvey, Orla, Hashimi, Medita, Hawkins, Lesley, Hayes, Conrad, Heaton, James, Heier, Tom, Helliwell, Laurence, Hemmes, Sabrine, Henderson, Kate, Hermanides, Jeroen, Hermanns, Henning, Herrera Hueso, Berta, Hestenes, Siv, Hettiarachchi, Roshane, Highgate, Judith, Hodgson, Keith, Hoelbling, Daniel, Holland, Jonathan, Horhota, Lucian, Hormis, Anil, Hribar, Renata, Hua, Alina, Humphreys, Sally, Humphries, Ryan, Humpliková, Simona, Hunt, Janez, Husnain, Ali, Hussein, Ahmed, Hyams, Benjamin, Iannuccelli, Fabrizio, Ilette, Katie, Ilyas, Carl, Inan, Turgay, India, Immaculada, Ionițăv, Victor, Irwin, Foo, Jain, Vipul, Janez, Benedikt, Jankovic, Radmilo, Jenkins, Sarah, Jenko, Matej, Jimenez, Raquel, Jiménez Gomez, Bárbara, Joachim, Sugganthi, Joelsson-Alm, Eva, John, John, Jonikaite, Lina, Jovic, Miomir, Jungwirth, Bettina, Junke, Etienne, Kabakov, Borys, Kadaoui, Salah-Din, Kanski, Andrzej, Karadag, Süheyla, Karbonskiene, Aurika, Karjagin, Juri, Kasnik, Darja, Katanolli, Fatos, Katsika, Eleni, Kaufmann, Kai, Keane, Helen, Kelly, Martin, Kent, Melanie, Keraitiene, Grazina, Khudhur, Ahmed, Khuenl-Brady, Karin, Kidd, Laurie, King, Siobhan, Kirchgäßner, Katharina, Klancir, Tino, Klucniks, Andris, Knotzer, Johann, Knowlden, Peter, Koers, Lena, Kompan, Janez, Koneti, Kiran K, Kooij, Fabian, Koolen, Eric, Koopman - van Gemert, Anna Wilhelmina Margaretha Maria, Kopp, Kristen, Korfiotis, Dimitrios, Korolkov, Oleg, Kosinová, Martina, Köstenberger, Markus, Kotzinger, Oskar, Kovačević, Marko, Kranke, Peter, Kranke, Eva, Kraus, Christiane, Kraus, Stephanie, Kubitzek, Christiane, Kucharski, Rafal, Kucukguclu, Semih, Kudrashou, Allaksandr, Kumar, Vinayak, Kummen, Live, Kunit, Cornelia, Kushakovsky, Vlad, Kuvaki, Bahar, Kuzmanovska, Biljana, Kyttari, Aikaterina, Landoni, Giovanni, Lau, Gary, Lazarev, Konstantin, Legett, Samantha, Legrottaglie, Anna Maria, Leonardi, Silvia, Leong, Maria, Lercher, Helene, Leuvrey, Matthieu, Leva, Brigitte, Levstek, Meta, Limb, James, Lindholm, Espen, Linton, Fiona, Liperi, Corradero, Lipski, Fabian, Lirk, Philipp, Lisi, Alberto, Lišková, Katarina, Lluch Oltra, Aitana, Loganathan, Vinothan, Lombardi, Stefania, Lopez, Eloisa, Lopez Rodríguez, Maria, Lorenzini, Laura, Lowicka, Malgorzata, Lugovoy, Alexander, Luippold, Madeleine, Lumb, Andrew, Macas, Andrius, Macgregor, Mark, Machado, Humberto, Maciariello, Maria, Madeira, Isabel, Maitan, Stefan, Majewski, Jacek, Maldini, Branka, Malewski, Georgia, Manfredini, Livia, Männer, Olja, Marchand, Bahareh, Marcu, Alexandra, Margalef, Jordi, Margarson, Michael, Marinheiro, Lucia, Markic, Ana, Markovic Bozic, Jasmina, Marrazzo, Francesco, Martin, Jane, Martin Ayuso, Maria, Martinez, Esteher, Martino, Enrico Antonio, Martinson, Victoria, Marusic-Gaser, Katarina, Mascarenhas, Catia, Mathis, Cindy, Matsota, Paraskevi, Mavrommati, Eleni, Mazul Sunko, Branka, McCourt, Killian, McGill, Neil, McKee, Raymond, Meço, Başak Ceyda, Meier, Sonja, Melbourne, Susan, Melbybråthen, Grethe, Meli, Andrea, Melia, Aiden, Melotti, Rita Maria, Menga, Maria Rosaria, Mercer, Pauline, Merotra, Susan, Mescolini, Silvia, Metterlein, Thomas, Michalov, Martin, Michlig, Sam, Midgley, Susan, Milić, Morena, Milojevic, Milan, Miñana, Amanda, Minto, Gary, Mirabella, Lucia, Mirea, Liliana, Mittelstädt, Ludger, Moeglen, Aude, Moise, Alida, Mokini, Zhirajr, Molin, Anna, Moltó, Luis, Monea, Maria Concetta, Montalto, Francesca, Montgomery, Jane, Montgomery, Claire, Montillo, Gerardo, Moore, Sally, Moore, Faye, Moreira, Zelia, Moreno, Tania, Moreno, Ricardo, Moret, Enrique, Moreton, Sarah, Morgan, Marianne, Moro Velasco, Concepción, Morri, Davide, Moull, Alice, Moura, Fernando, Mráz, Peter, Mrozek, Katarzyna, Mukhtar, Karim, Muniyappa, Sudeshkumar, Murray, Heather, Murthy, Burra VS, Mushambi, Mary, Nadolski, Maria, Nardelli, Pasquale, Nardin, Giordano, Navarro Pérez, Rosalía, Naveiro, Andrea, Negri, Manuela, Nesek Adam, Visnja, Neskovic, Vojislava, Neuwersch, Stefan, Neves, Miriam, Nguyen, Bavinh, Ní Eochagáin, Aisling, Nicholas, Caroline, Nightingale, Jeremy, Norrie, Kylie, Novak-Jankovic, Vesna, Novakova, Andrea, Novillo, Marta, Numan, Sandra, Oduro-Dominah, Louise, Oldner, Anders, Oliveira, Isabel, Ologoiu, Daniela, Oloktsidou, Irini, O'Reilly, Rosalind, Orlando, Alessandro, Ovezov, Alexey, Ozbilgin, Sule, Paal, Peter, Padin Barreiro, Lidia, Palugniok, Ryszard, Papaioannou, Alexandra, Papapostolou, Konstantinos, Paranthaman, Prabhakar, Pardey Bracho, Gilda, Parente, Suzana, Parfeni, Alexandru, Pasin, Laura, Passey, Samuel, Pastor, Ernesto, Patch, Sarah, Patil, Andan, Paunescu, Marilena-Alina, Pehboeck, Daniel, Pereira, Manuela, Pereira, Carla, Perez Caballero, Paula, Pérez García, Aníbal, Pérez Soto, Antonia, Perez Tejero, Gisela, Perez-Cerda, Francisco, Pesenti, Antonio, Petta, Rocco, Philippe, Simon, Pickering, David, Pico Veloso, Jandro, Pina, Pedro, Pinho-Oliveira, Vítor, Pinol, Santiago, Pinto, Rita, Pistidda, Laura, Pitterle, Manuela, Piwowarczyk, Paweł, Plotnikova, Olga, Pohl, Holger, Poldermann, Jorinde, Polkovicová, Lucia, Pompei, Livia, Popescu, Mihai, Popović, Radmila, Pota, Vincenzo, Potocnik, Miriam, Potręć, Beata, Potter, Alison, Pramod, Nalwaya, Prchalova, Martina, Preckel, Benedikt, Pugh, Richard, Pulletz, Mark, Radoeshki, Aleksandar, Rafi, Amir, Ragazzi, Riccardo, Raineri Santi, Maurizio, Rajamanickam, Tamiselvan, Rajput, Zahra, Ramachandran, Rajeskar, Ramasamy, Radhika, Ramessur, Suneil, Rao, Roshan, Rasmussen, Anders, Rato, André, Razaque, Usman, Real Navacerrada, M. Isabel, Reavley, Caroline, Reid, James, Reschreiter, Henrik, Rial, Erick, Ribas Carrasco, Patricia, Ribeiro, Sandy, Rich, Nathalie, Richardson, Lydia, Rimaitis, Kestutis, Rimaitis, Marius, Ringvold, Else-Marie, Ripke, Fabian, Ristescu, Irina, Ritchie, Keith, Ródenas, Frederic, Rodrigues, Patrícia, Rogers, Emma, Rogerson, David, Romagnoli, Stefano, Romero, Esther, Rondovic, Goran, Rose, Bernd Oliver, Roth, Winfried, Rotter, Marie-Therese, Rousseau, Guy, Rudjord, Anders, Rueffert, Henrik, Rundgren, Malin, Rupprecht, Korbinian, Rushton, Andrew, Russotto, Vincenzo, Rypulak, Elżbieta, Ryszka, Maciej, Sà, Jacinta, Sà Couto, Paula, Saby, Sandrine, Sagic, Jelena, Saleh, Omar, Sales, Gabriele, Sánchez Sánchez, Yván, Sanghera, Sumayer, Şanli Karip, Ceren, Santiveri Papiol, Francisco Javier, Santos, Sofia, Sarno, Stephen, Saul, Daniel, Saunders, David, Savic, Nenad, Scalco, Loïc, Scanlon, Deborah, Schaller, Stefan, Schax, Christoph, Scheffer, Gert Jan, Schening, Anna, Schiavone, Vincenzo, Schmidt-Ehrenberg, Florian, Schmidt-Mutter, Catherine, Schönberg, Christina, Schopflin, Christian, Schreiber, Jan-Uwe, Schultz, Marcus, Schurig, Marlen, Scott, Carmen, Sebestian, Siby, Sehgal, Selena, Sem, Victoria, Semenas, Egidijus, Serafini, Elena, Serchan, Pashalitsa, Shields, Martin, Shobha, Ramakrishnan, Shosholcheva, Mirjana, Siamansour, Tanja, Siddaiah, Narendra, Siddiqi, Khalid, Sinclair, Rhona, Singh, Permendra, Singh, Rajendra, Sinha, Aneeta, Sinha, Ashok, Skinner, Amanda, Smee, Elizabeth, Smekalova, Olga, Smith, Neil, Smith, Thomas, Smitz, Carine, Smole, Daniel, Sojčić, Nataša, Soler Pedrola, Maria, Somanath, Sameer, Sonksen, Julian, Sorella, Maria Christina, Sörmus, Alar, Soro, Marina, Soto, Carmen, Spada, Anna, Spadaro, Savino, Spaeth, Johannes, Sparr, Harald, Spielmann, Annika, Spindler-Vesel, Alenka, Stamelos, Matthaios, Stancombe L, Liucia, Stanculescu, Andreea, Standl, Thomas, Standley, Tom, Stanek, Ondrej, Stanisavljević, Snežana, Starczewska, Malgorzata, Stäuble, Christiane, Steen, Julie, Stefan, Oana Maria, Stell, Elizabeth, Stera, Caterina, Stevens, Markus, Stoerckel, Marlène, Stošić, Biljana, Stourac, Petr, Stroumpoulis, Konstantinos, Struck, Rafael, Suarez de la Rica, Alejandro, Sultanpori, Altaf, Sundara Rajan, Rajinikanth, Suying, Ong, Svensen, Christer, Swan, Louise, Syrogianni, Paulina, Sysiak, Justyna, Szederjesi, Janos, Taddei, Stefania, Tan Hao, Ern, Tanou, Virginia, Tarabová, Katarina, Tardaguila Sancho, Paula, Tarroso, Maria, Tartaglione, Marco, Taylor, Emma, Tbaily, Lee, Telford, Richard, Terenzoni, Massimo, Theodoraki, Kassiani, Thornley, Helen, Tiganiuc, Liviu, Toim, Hardo, Tomescu, Dana, Tommasino, Concezione, Toni, Jessica, Toninelli, Arturo, Toretti, Ilaria, Townley, Stephen, Trepenaitis, Darius, Trethowan, Brian, Tsaousi, Georgia, Tsiftsi, Aikaterini, Tudor, Adrada, Turan, Güldem, Turhan, Sanem Çakar, Unic-Stojanovic, Dragana, Unterbuchner, Christoph, Unzueta, Carmen, Uranjek, Jasna, Ursic, Tomaz, Vaida, Simona, Valldeperas Ferrer, Silvia, Valldeperas Hernandez, Maria Inmaculada, Valsamidis, Dimitri, Van Beek, Rienk, Van dasselaer, Nick, Van Der Beek, Tim, Van Duivenvoorde, Yoni, van Klei, Wilton A., Van Poorter, Frans, Van Zaane, Bas, Van Zundert, Tom, Van Zyl, Rebekka, Vargas Munoz, Ana Milena, Varsani, Nimu, Vasconcelos, Pedro, Vassilakis, Georgios, Vecchiatini, Tommaso, Vecera, Lubomir, Vercauteren, Marcel, Verdouw, Bas, Verheyen, Veerle, Verri, Marco, Vicari Sottosanti, Luigi Giancarlo, Vico, Manuel, Vidal Mitjans, Patricia, Vilardi, Anna, Vissicchio, Daniela, Vitale, Giovanni, Vitković, Bibiana, Vizcaychipi, Marcela Paola, Voicu, Alexandra, Voje, Minca, Volfová, Ivana, Volta, Carlo Alberto, Von Lutterotti, Theresa, von Tiesenhausen, Anna, Vrecic-Slabe, Simona, Vukcevic, Dejan, Vukovic, Rade, Vullo, P. Agostina, Wade, Andrew, Wallberg, Hanna, Wallden, Jakob, Wallner, Johann, Walther Sturesson, Louise, Watson, Davina, Weber, Stefan, Wegiel Leskiewiq, Anna, Weller, Debbie, Wensing, Carine, Werkmann, Markus, Westberg, Henrik, Wikström, Erik, Williams, Benedict, Wilson, Robin, Wirth, Steffen, Wittmann, Maria, Wood, Laura, Wright, Stella, Zachoval, Christian, Zambon, Massimo, Zampieri, Silvia, Zampone, Salvatore, Zangrillo, Alberto, Zani, Gianluca, Zavackiene, Asta, Zieglerder, Raphael, Zonneveldt, Harry, Zsisku, Lajos, Zucker, Tom-Philipp, Żukowski, Maciej, Zuleika, Mehrun, Zupanĕiĕ, Darja, Kirmeier, Eva, Eriksson, Lars I, Lewald, Heidrun, Jonsson Fagerlund, Malin, Hoeft, Andreas, Hollmann, Markus, Meistelman, Claude, Hunter, Jennifer M, Ulm, Kurt, and Blobner, Manfred

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. Antiphospholipid antibodies and vitamin D deficiency in COVID-19 infection with and without venous or arterial thrombosis: A pilot case-control study

Author

Shah, Ruchi, primary, Mohammed, Yaqub Nadeem, additional, Koehler, Tracy J., additional, Kaur, Jasmeet, additional, Toufeili, Margarita, additional, Pulipati, Priyanjali, additional, Alqaysi, Ahmed, additional, Khan, Ali, additional, Khalid, Mahrukh, additional, Lee, Yi, additional, Dhillon, Parveen, additional, Dan, Anna Thao, additional, Kumar, Nicholas, additional, Bowen, Monica, additional, Sule, Anupam A., additional, and Krishnamoorthy, Geetha, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

19. Extension, Evaluation, and Validation of Load Based Testing for Residential and Commercial HVAC Equipment

Author

Dhillon, Parveen

Subjects
Mechanical engineering not elsewhere classified
Abstract

With rising temperatures, urbanization, population growth, improving economic wellbeing, decarbonization and electrification efforts, the demand for space cooling and heating equipment is continuously increasing around the world. To counteract the effect of rising demand for air conditioners and heat pumps on total energy consumption, peak electricity demand, and emissions, it is crucial to promote the development and market penetration of energy-efficient systems. Establishing minimum energy performance standards (MEPS), energy labeling and utility programs are some of the effective and tested methods for achieving this goal. The technical basis for these energy efficiency standards is a testing and rating procedure for estimating equipment seasonal performance from laboratory tests. Although the current rating procedures provide standardized metrics to compare different equipment performances, they fail to appropriately characterize the field representative performance of systems by not considering the effects of: 1) test unit embedded controls, thermostat, and realistic interactions with the building load and dynamics; 2) different climate zones and building types; and 3) and other integrated accessories for improving energy efficiency such as economizer for rooftop units (RTUs). Therefore, current approaches for performance ratings neither incentives the development and implementation of improved system and control designs nor consumers with a metric that represents the advanced systems' actual energy savings. To address this, a load-based testing methodology that enables dynamic performance evaluation of equipment with its integrated controls, thermostat, and other accessories was recently proposed. The test methodology is based on the concept of emulating the response of a representative building conditioned by the test unit in a test lab using a virtual building model. In this work, the proposed load-based testing methodology was further extended, evaluated, and validated for residential heat pumps to integrate it into next-generation energy efficiency testing and rating procedures and to serve as a tool for engineers to develop and validate improved control algorithms in a laboratory setting. Further, a load-based testing method for evaluating the dynamic performance of RTUs with integrated economizers was also developed and demonstrated. A load-based testing approach previously developed for residential cooling equipment is extended for heat pump heating-mode and demonstrated for a variable-speed system. The heat pump's typical dynamic behaviors are captured along with controller imperfections that aren't reflected in current testing approaches. Further, a comprehensive comparison was performed between the proposed load-based testing approach to the current steady-state testing approach in the U.S., AHRI 210/240, based on performance evaluation of three residential variable-speed heat pumps to understand the differences and their significance for the next-generation rating procedure. For cooling mode, steady-state testing estimates higher seasonal performance, but for heating mode, the steady-state testing approach estimates higher seasonal performance for warmer climates and is comparable for colder climates. The load-based testing methodology was validated by comparing the laboratory performance of a heat pump to that of a residential building in a controlled environment. The virtual building modeling approach for building loads and thermal dynamics effectively captured these characteristics of the house. The heat pump's cycling rate response with run-time fraction, which represents the unit's overall dynamic response, matched well between lab load-based tests and house tests. The test unit's COP difference for cooling and heating tests was within 3% between the two facilities, except for 9% in 95°F and 6% in 104°F cooling dry-coil test intervals. To evaluate the applicability of the developed load-based testing methodology as next-generation rating standards, its repeatability and reproducibility were assessed based on multiple heat pump round-robin tests conducted in two labs. Overall, reasonable to good repeatability was observed in load-based test results in both labs, however, poor reproducibility was observed except for one heat pump heating mode results. A root cause analysis of the observed differences along with recommendations for a next-generation rating approach are presented. This work aided in the development of a CSA (Canadian Standards Association) standard EXP07:19 and its subsequent revision for equipment rating based on load-based testing. The application of the load-based testing methodology as a tool for the development and evaluation of a residential heat pump controller design was demonstrated. Further, a load-based testing methodology was developed and demonstrated for the dynamic performance evaluation of RTUs with integrated economizers in a test laboratory setting. Recommendations for future work to further develop and improve the repeatability, reproducibility, and representativeness of the load-based testing and rating approach for residential and commercial air conditioners and heat pumps are summarized at the end of the dissertation.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

20. Laboratory load-based testing and performance rating of residential heat pumps in heating mode.

Author

Dhillon, Parveen, Cheng, Li, Travis Horton, W., and Braun, James E.

Subjects
*HEAT pumps, *TECHNOLOGICAL innovations, *TESTING laboratories, *PERFORMANCE standards, *ENERGY consumption, *CONSTRUCTION equipment
Abstract

Improving the energy efficiency of air conditioners and heat pumps is crucial for reducing the effects of continuously rising energy demands for space conditioning. One of the effective and tested approaches for achieving this goal has been to set energy efficiency benchmarks based on minimum energy performance standards which drive technological innovation and implementation in the market. For heat pumps, a testing and rating procedure that estimates equipment seasonal performance from laboratory measurements forms the technical basis for these standards. However, with current residential heat pumps rating standards, significant differences have been observed between efficiency measured in the lab and actual operational performance in field applications. One of the reasons for this is that with current rating approaches, the test unit native controls are overridden when measuring performance in the laboratory. As an alternative, a load-based testing approach has been developed that captures dynamic interactions of the integrated controls, equipment and building with the goal of better-representing field application conditions. In this paper, a load-based testing approach previously developed for air-conditioners is extended for heat–pump heating-mode and demonstrated for a variable-speed system. Climate-specific heating seasonal performance ratings were determined by propagating the test results through a temperature-bin method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

21. Design and Development of a Human Building Interaction Laboratory

Author

Yadav, Sourabh, Dhillon, Parveen, Kurtulus, Orkan, Baxter, Charles, Ziviani, Davide, Horton, W Travis, Karava, Panagiota, and Braun, James E

Subjects
Radiative Heating and Cooling, Modular Construction, Comfort Delivery, Occupant Interaction
Abstract

A future is envisioned where buildings are assembled on-site from factory manufactured modular elements that integrate the smart technology needed to enable scalable, cost-effective solutions with autonomous, occupant-responsive, healthy, and sustainable features. The use of modular elements would mean that buildings are assembled rather than constructed on-site with better quality control, less material waste, and more predictable schedules. The use of manufactured building elements can enable more cost-effective integration of new sensors, embedded intelligence, networking, adaptive interfaces, renewable energy, energy recovery, comfort delivery, and resiliency technologies, making high-performance buildings more affordable. To explore and evaluate these modular and intelligent comfort delivery concepts and advanced approaches for interaction with occupants, a new human-building interaction laboratory (HBIL) has been designed and is under development. The facility has a modular construction layout with thermally active panels. The interior surface temperature of each panel can be individually controlled using a hydronic system. Such configuration allows us to emulate different climate zones and building type conditions and perform studies such as the effect of different active building surfaces on thermal comfort, localized comfort delivery, and occupant comfort control, among others. Moreover, each panel is reconfigurable to allow investigating different interior surface treatments for different visual and acoustic comfort conditions. In this paper, the overall design approach of the facility is presented. Furthermore, a prototype panel has been constructed to validate the design and assess the dynamic and steady-state thermal performance. Test results for the prototype panel are also presented here with a discussion on their agreement with design phase modeling results.

Published
2021

22. Validation of a Load-Based Testing Method for Characterizing Residential Air-Conditioner Performance

Author

Dhillon, Parveen, Welch, Drew, Butler, Brian, Horton, W. Travis, and Braun, James E.

Subjects
Load-based Testing, Field Testing, Air Conditioning, Heat Pump, Dynamic Performance
Abstract

Seasonal performance assessments of air-conditioning and heat-pump systems are typically carried out based on performance measurement of equipment in a test laboratory. The performance ratings that arise from these assessments are important in providing information to consumers, and in influencing policymakers to determine appropriate incentives for high-efficiency equipment in the marketplace. The current testing and rating approach for performance evaluation of residential air-conditioning and heat-pump systems is based on steady-state performance measurements, with a degradation coefficient to account for the cycling losses that occur during part-load operating conditions. However, this current methodology fails to appropriately characterize the true performance characteristics of these systems in the field, and as a consequence, SEER (seasonal energy efficiency ratio) improvements have not resulted in proportional savings in energy. As an alternative, a load-based testing methodology has been developed with the motivation of capturing realistic equipment performance in a laboratory setting while operating similar to field application conditions. In this approach, the equipment responds to a simulated virtual building load, and the system dynamic performance is measured with its integrated controls and thermostat. However, there is a lack of field-testing data to characterize how well the load-based testing approach captures equipment performance and dynamic behavior compared to a typical field application. To fill this gap, a 3-ton heat pump system was tested within the Residential Home Ecosystem at the Helix Innovation Center where a 2-story house is located within an environmental chamber that can vary external ambient temperature and humidity conditions. During tests, the house was subjected to cooling loads resulting from different outdoor temperature conditions, and its air conditioning system responded accordingly. Similar cooling equipment was also tested within psychrometric chambers at the Ray W. Herrick Laboratories using the load-based testing methodology. A comparison of the test equipment performance and its dynamic behavior in cooling mode between testing performed at the Helix Center and at the Herrick Laboratories is presented in this paper.

Published
2021

23. Experimental and Numerical Optimization of a Variable-Geometry Ejector in a Transcritical CO2 Refrigeration Cycle

Author

Barta, Riley B., Dhillon, Parveen, Ziviani, Davide, Braun, James E., and Groll, Eckhard A.

Subjects
Expansion Work Recovery, Ejector Design, Multi-Objective Optimization, Component Optimization, Natural Refrigerants
Abstract

Implementation of an ejector for expansion work recovery in transcritical carbon dioxide (CO2) cycles provides an opportunity to improve the efficiency of these environmentally-friendly refrigeration systems. However, literature outlining an approach to ejector design for a given application is lacking. This paper presents a tool to design a complete ejector applied in a vapor compression cycle. In this work, the developed design tool was validated using experimentally-derived polynomials for air-conditioning conditions. Then, constant values for nozzle and mixing section efficiencies were used as inputs into design tool to broaden the analysis outside of the application boundaries of the experimentally-derived polynomials to study a transcritical CO2 system with an ejector operating in the evaporating temperature and gas cooler pressure in the range of -15 °C to 20 °C and 80 bar to 110 bar, respectively. The design tool allows for the calculation of the motive and suction nozzle throat diameters, the mixing section diameter, and the diffuser outlet diameter, as well as the lengths of each section, to output a full internal geometry of the ejector based on performance requirements. Individual component sub-models are presented within the proposed model structure. The model which forms the basis of the design tool was experimentally validated with a mean absolute error (MAE) between 3% to 4%. Additionally, the sensitivity of the ejector geometry and performance to component efficiencies, operating conditions, and component versus system optimization was investigated. The optimization and parametric studies provided novel insights into the impact of desired efficiency and operating conditions on ejector geometry, thus allowing a designer to make decisions based on the tradeoff between ejector size and performance. For example, as the diffuser length increased by 5.1 mm to obtain an efficiency increase, to obtain a further efficiency increase of the same amount would require a 17.1 mm length increase in diffuser length. Potential model improvements and other future work are also discussed.

Published
2021

24. Demonstration of a Load-Based Testing Methodology for Rooftop Units with Integrated Economizers

Author

Dhillon, Parveen, Horton, W. Travis, and Braun, James E.

Subjects
Load-based Testing, Integrated Controls, Rooftop Unit, Economizer, Dynamic Performance
Abstract

Current performance evaluation approaches for commercial packaged air conditioning and heat pump equipment (e.g. AHRI 340/360) utilize full-load steady-state performance tests to estimate system EER (energy efficiency ratio) at different ambient conditions and part-load steady-state tests to estimate an IEER (integrated energy efficiency ratio), a figure of merit for system part-load performance. There are some limitations of the current testing approaches and performance metric estimations, including that they do not consider the effects of: 1) test unit embedded controls and their realistic interactions with the building load; 2) different climate zones and building types; and 3) economizer operation. As a result, the overall performance measurement procedure does not appropriately incentivize the development of better performing controls and economizers. In this paper, an improved testing procedure applied to packaged air conditioning equipment, such as rooftop units (RTUs), that include the effects of embedded controls, economizers, climate, and building type is presented. The testing approach is based on allowing the integrated equipment system and controls to respond naturally to a “virtual building load”. This is termed load-based testing and involves dynamically adjusting the indoor room temperature and humidity setpoints for the psychrometric chamber reconditioning system in a manner that emulates the response of a building’s sensible and latent loads to the test equipment controls. The developed test methodology is demonstrated to evaluate the dynamic performance of a 5-ton variable-speed RTU with an integrated economizer in a psychrometric test facility.

Published
2021

25. Heat-Pump Control Design Performance Evaluation using Load-Based Testing

Author

Ma, Jie, Dhillon, Parveen, Horton, W. Travis, and Braun, James E.

Subjects
Performance Evaluation, Load-based Testing, Control Development, Comfort Delivery, Heat Pump
Abstract

Space heating is one of the primary components of residential energy usage in the U.S., accounting for nearly 43% (EIA, 2015) of the total residential energy consumption. To reduce this energy usage, heat-pumps provide an energy-efficient alternative to currently prevalent systems such as electric heaters and gas furnaces. Advanced control strategies have the potential to further improve heat-pump system energy efficiency and comfort delivery. In recent years, advancements in the microprocessor field have made it possible to widely implement advanced energy-efficient controls within heat-pump systems. However, still only a very small fraction of residential air-conditioners and heat-pumps currently sold in the U.S. market utilize these next-generation controls (ACEEE, 2019). To facilitate an acceleration in the development and implementation of advanced control architectures within heat-pump equipment, a load-based testing methodology can be utilized. Load-based testing allows realistic dynamic behavior and performance evaluation of energy efficiency and comfort delivery for heat pumping and air conditioning equipment with embedded controls in a laboratory setting. In the load-based testing methodology, the sensible and latent loads of a representative residential building are emulated in the indoor psychrometric test room by dynamically varying the test room conditions utilizing a virtual building model. The test equipment responds dynamically to this virtual building with its embedded controls based on the thermostat sensing response. This enables engineers to evaluate the performance of a heat-pump in a controlled setting under dynamic conditions that are similar to a field application but with a significant reduction in testing time and cost. This paper demonstrates the application of load-based testing for evaluating the performance of a 5-ton split-type residential heat-pump with its integrated controls in a heating mode application. Furthermore, the effect of equipment oversizing and undersizing on the heat-pump energy consumption and comfort delivery are also presented.

Published
2021

26. Comparison of Steady-State and Dynamic Load-Based Performance Evaluation Methodologies for a Residential Air Conditioner

Author

Dhillon, Parveen, Horton, W. Travis, and Braun, James E.

Subjects
Steady-State Testing, Load-based Testing, AHRI 210/240, Air Conditioner, CSA EXP07
Abstract

Space cooling and heating equipment account for nearly 32% of the total residential electricity consumption in the U.S. In the residential space conditioning equipment market, air-conditioning and heat-pumping systems are prevalent, so even a slight improvement in these system efficiencies can have a significant impact on reducing the overall energy consumption. Over the years, the energy efficiency benchmarks established by the U.S. Department of Energy have been successful in encouraging manufacturers to develop higher efficiency equipment. These benchmarks are based on an energy efficiency standard, and these standards are based on a rating test procedure that forms the technical basis. Currently, in the U.S., AHRI 210/240 is the rating procedure for residential air-conditioning and heat-pumping equipment, which is based on a steady-state performance measurement method with a degradation coefficient to account for the cycling losses in part-load conditions. Although it provides a standard metric to compare different equipment performances, there has been a debate that this current methodology fails to appropriately characterize the performance of systems with variable-speed compressors and advanced control design. This is largely attributed to the steady-state nature of this current testing approach, which also involves overriding the equipment native control. In contrast to this, a load-based testing methodology has been developed in which the equipment responds to a simulated virtual building load, and the system dynamic performance is measured with its integrated controls. The load-based testing methodology is described in detail by Hjortland and Braun (2019), Patil et al. (2018), and Cheng et al. (2021), which forms the basis for CSA standard draft EXP07:2019 (CSA, 2019). In this paper, these two performance measurement methodologies, steady-state and dynamic load-based, are compared for application to a 5ton residential heat-pump system. The equipment performance was measured in cooling mode and the seasonal performance estimates based on the two testing approaches are compared. The differences in the two test methodologies' performance evaluation results are discussed with a causal analysis of the observed differences.

Published
2021

27. Repeatability Assessment of Load-Based Testing Methodology for Residential Air Conditioning Equipment.

Author

Dhillon, Parveen, Kim, Dohyeon, Horton, W. Travis, and Braun, James E.

Subjects
*COOLING systems, *AIR conditioning, *TEMPERATURE control equipment, *STRUCTURAL dynamics, *STATISTICAL reliability, *HEAT pumps
Abstract

Current rating standards for residential, electric-driven vapor compression systems determine seasonal energy efficiency (e.g., SEER) using a bin method along with equipment performance data from steady-state tests at different operating conditions. These standards were originally developed for equipment with single or two-stage thermostat control but have been incrementally updated to include equipment with advanced controls and variable-speed compressors and fans. However, the controls are overridden during equipment testing and therefore the rated performance does not consider the interaction of the integrated controls, equipment, and building dynamics. As a result, the standard ratings do not fully capture the characteristics of part-load operation and do not necessarily reward equipment with superior controllers. To address these issues, a load-based testing methodology has recently been developed for estimating the seasonal performance of variable-capacity cooling and heating equipment. The load-based testing methodology emulates the response of building sensible and latent loads to the equipment controls in a psychrometric test chamber by continuously updating the room temperature and humidity based on a virtual building model. The test unit thermostat naturally responds to the dynamic temperature variation and controls the equipment capacity in response to a deviation from its setpoint. The test unit thermostat is installed in a thermostat environment emulator to provide a standardized environment to the thermostat in order to ensure realistic and reproducible conditions for the thermostat. This enables the load-based testing procedure to capture realistic control interactions and performance of a heat pump in a laboratory using psychrometric test chambers. However, to adopt the developed methodology for nextgeneration rating standards, it is crucial to assess the repeatability and reproducibility of the load-based testing approach. In this paper, the assessment of the repeatability of the load-based testing methodology for a 3-ton variable-speed heat-pump operating in cooling mode is presented. The test unit performance was measured multiple times in the same psychrometric facility based on the load-based testing approach. A comparison of the test equipment estimated seasonal performance for different sets of tests is presented along with a discussion of the causes for the differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022

28. Comparison of Residential Heat Pump Heating Seasonal Performance Based on Load-Based and Steady-State Testing Methodologies.

Author

Dhillon, Parveen, Horton, W. Travis, and Braun, James E.

Subjects
*HEAT pumps, *SEASONS, *TESTING equipment, *PERFORMANCE standards
Abstract

In the U.S., the current testing and rating procedure for residential air-conditioning and heat-pumping equipment (e.g., AHRI 210/240) is based on a steady-state performance measurement approach with a degradation coefficient to account for cycling losses at part-load conditions. The test equipment performance is measured at different ambient conditions with different compressor and fan speeds, which is then propagated through a temperature-bin method to estimate seasonal performance. Though the current rating approach provides a standard performance metric for comparing different equipment relative performances, it is a steady-state testing approach that involves overriding the native controls and therefore does not consider the effect of test unit integrated controls and their dynamic interactions with representative building loads. As an alternative, a load-based testing methodology has been developed in which the dynamic performance of equipment is measured in a test facility by allowing it to respond to a simulated virtual building model. Hjortland and Braun (2019), Patil et al. (2018), and Cheng et al. (2021) describe the load-based testing methodology in detail which forms the basis for CSA standard draft EXP07 (2019). In this paper, a comparison of the steady-state and load-based approaches is performed for seasonal performance estimation of a heat pump in heating mode. Here, a 5-ton heat pump system performance was measured based on the two testing approaches, and heating seasonal performance was estimated and compared for different climate zones. The differences in the two test methodologies' performance evaluation results for different ambient conditions are discussed, along with their ability in capturing equipment performance that is representative of field application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022

29. Performance Evaluation of Heat Pump Systems Based on a Load-based Testing Methodology

Author

Dhillon, Parveen, Patil, Akash, Cheng, Li, Braun, James E, and Horton, W. Travis

Subjects
SEER, Load-based testing, Ratings Standard
Abstract

This paper presents results of testing variable-speed heat pumps using a new load-based testing methodology that is described in a companion paper. The testing methodology involves emulating the response of a building’s sensible and latent loads to equipment controls by dynamically adjusting the temperature and humidity setpoints of the psychrometric chamber reconditioning system using a simple building model. The advantage of this approach over existing testing approaches specified in ratings standards is that it considers the interaction of the integrated controls with the equipment. As a result, it better captures the full range of part-load operation and the benefits of improved controls. This paper presents performance results for application of the automated load-based testing methodology to different variable-speed residential heat pump systems. In order to assess the benefits of load-based testing versus existing standards, tests were also conducted based on AHRI 210/240 and seasonal performance estimates are compared using data obtained with the two testing approaches.

Published
2018

30. Load-based Testing to Characterize the Performance of Variable-Speed Equipment

Author

Patil, Akash, Hjortland, Andrew L., Cheng, Li, Dhillon, Parveen, Braun, James E, and Horton, W. Travis

Subjects
Load-based testing, Ratings Standard
Abstract

The characterization of heating and cooling performance of HVAC&R equipment is required of all manufacturers for determining seasonal energy efficiency ratings. The current rating standards, e.g. AHRI Standard 210/240, CSA C656, determine seasonal energy efficiency (e.g., SEER) using a bin method along with data from steady-state tests at different operating conditions. These standards were originally developed for equipment with single or two-stage thermostat control, but have been incrementally updated to consider equipment with variable-speed compressors and fans. However, the equipment testing is performed using control overrides and doesn’t consider the interaction of the integrated controls with the equipment. As a result, the standard ratings don’t capture the full range of part-load operation and don’t necessarily reward manufacturers who have superior controllers. To address this issue, we have been working with the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) to develop and evaluate a load-based testing methodology for evaluating the seasonal performance of variable-capacity equipment. This new testing methodology could be applied to both variable-speed and staged equipment, enabling a more direct and fair comparison of their performance. The testing methodology involves emulating the response of a building’s sensible and latent loads to equipment controls by dynamically adjusting temperature and humidity setpoints of the psychrometric chamber reconditioning system. Convergence criteria have been developed to automate the overall testing methodology so that the equipment performance can be fully evaluated using short-term tests (e.g., 1 day). Ultimately, automated load-based testing could lead to a practical approach for capturing equipment performance models that could be used in energy simulation programs for determining more accurate and application specific performance ratings. This paper presents the overall methodology of load-based testing in addition to a discussion of some of the experimental results.

Published
2018

31. Impact of Virtual Building Model and Thermostat Installation on Performance and Dynamics of Variable-Speed Equipment during Load-based Tests

Author

Cheng, Li, Patil, Akash, Dhillon, Parveen, Braun, James E, and Horton, W. Travis

Subjects
virtual building model, Load-based testing, thermostat installation
Abstract

To better characterize the performance of variable-speed DX (Direct Expansion) equipment in a laboratory environment, a load-based psychrometric chamber testing methodology has been developed as an alternative to existing steady-state testing approaches. The methodology allows equipment to respond dynamically to a virtual building model using its integrated controls. To mimic an actual building, a virtual building model incorporates sensible and latent loads along with simple lumped capacitance building dynamics that interact with the variable-speed equipment. The rated capacity of the test equipment is used along with a specified sizing factor and target sensible heat ratio (SHR) to specify the building sensible and latent load models. In addition, heuristic approaches are used to specify and scale sensible and latent capacitances of the virtual building model. Two companion papers present the overall methodology and results for different variable-speed heat pumps using default building parameters. This paper studies the impact of the virtual building load parameters on overall performance and dynamic behavior of the equipment for load-based testing. It is shown that equipment seasonal performance can increase significantly with increasing sizing factor. In addition, performance increases with decreasing building SHR results. In addition to simple lumped capacitance models, more detailed two-node models are investigated to evaluate more realistic dynamics and their impacts on seasonal efficiency ratings. In addition, the impact of the thermostat location on equipment dynamics and performance ratings is considered.

Published
2018

32. Post-anaesthesia pulmonary complications after use of muscle relaxants (POPULAR): a multicentre, prospective observational study

Author

Kirmeier, Eva, primary, Eriksson, Lars I, additional, Lewald, Heidrun, additional, Jonsson Fagerlund, Malin, additional, Hoeft, Andreas, additional, Hollmann, Markus, additional, Meistelman, Claude, additional, Hunter, Jennifer M, additional, Ulm, Kurt, additional, Blobner, Manfred, additional, Abad Gurumeta, Alfredo, additional, Abernethy, Caroline, additional, Abigail, Patrick, additional, Achaibar, Kira, additional, Adam, Emily, additional, Afshari, Arash, additional, Agudelo Montoya, M. Elizabeth, additional, Akgün, Fatma Nur, additional, Aletti, Gabriele, additional, Alkış, Neslihan, additional, Allan, Katie, additional, Allan, Ashley, additional, Allaouchiche, Bernard, additional, Allcock, Clare, additional, Almasy, Emoke, additional, Amey, Isobel, additional, Amigoni, Maria, additional, Andersen, Elin, additional, Andersson, Peder, additional, Anipchenko, Natalya, additional, Antunes, Pedro, additional, Armstrong, Earlene, additional, Aslam, Tayyba Naz, additional, Aslin, Bjorn, additional, Assunção, José Pedro, additional, Ausserer, Julia, additional, Avvai, Mary, additional, Awad, Nahla, additional, Ayas Montero, Begoña, additional, Ayuso, Mercedes, additional, Azevedo, Patricia, additional, Badarau, Victoria, additional, Badescu, Roxana, additional, Baiardo Redaelli, Martina, additional, Baird, Colin, additional, Baird, Yolanda, additional, Baker, Tim, additional, Balaji, Packianathaswamy, additional, Bălan, Cristina, additional, Balandin, Alina, additional, Balescu-Arion, Carmen, additional, Baliuliene, Vilda, additional, Baltasar Isabel, Jorge, additional, Baluch, Saif Nasr, additional, Bandrabur, Daniela, additional, Bankewitz, Carla, additional, Barber, Katrina, additional, Barbera, Francesco, additional, Barcraft-Barnes, Helena, additional, Barletti, Valentina, additional, Barnett, Gill, additional, Baron, Kirsty, additional, Barros, Ana, additional, Barsan, Victoria, additional, Bartlett, Pauline, additional, Batistaki, Chrysanthi, additional, Baumgarten, Georg, additional, Baytas, Volkan, additional, Beauchamp, Nigel, additional, Becerra Cayetano, Isabel A., additional, Bell, Stephanie, additional, Bellandi, Mattia, additional, Belletti, Alessandro, additional, Belmonte Cuenca, Julio, additional, Benitez-Cano, Adela, additional, Beretta, Luigi, additional, Berger, Marc, additional, Bergmann, Nicole, additional, Bergmark, Kristina, additional, Bermudez Lopez, Maria, additional, Bernotaite, Monika, additional, Beurskens, Charlotte, additional, Bidd, Heena, additional, Bifulco, Francesca, additional, Bignami, Elena, additional, Bilic, Aleksandar, additional, Bilskiene, Diana, additional, Bischoff, Petra, additional, Bishop, Luke, additional, Bjonness, Therese, additional, Blaylock, Hether, additional, Blethyn, Kate, additional, Blincoe, Thomas, additional, Blokhin, Ivan, additional, Blunt, Nadia, additional, Boer, Christa, additional, Bois, Grégory, additional, Bonicolini, Eleonora, additional, Booth, Joanna, additional, Borecka-Kedzierska, Miroslawa, additional, Borstnar, Katarina, additional, Borys, Michał, additional, Boselli, Emmanuel, additional, Bouvet, Lionel, additional, Bouwman, Arthur, additional, Bowen, Leonora, additional, Bowrey, Sarah, additional, Boxall, Leigh, additional, Božić, Teodora, additional, Bradley, Tom, additional, Branco, Teresa, additional, Brazzi, Luca, additional, Brazzoni, Marcella, additional, Brear, Tracy, additional, Brogly, Nicolas, additional, Brohi, Farooq, additional, Broms, Jacob, additional, Bubliauskas, Andrius, additional, Bucolo, Gea Erika, additional, Buerkle, Hartmut, additional, Buggy, Donal, additional, Buhre, Wolfgang, additional, Bukauskas, Tomas, additional, Butturini, Francesco, additional, Byttner, Anders, additional, Cabrera Díaz, Itahísa, additional, Calderon, Adriana, additional, Calhau, Ricardo, additional, Callejo, Angel, additional, Cammu, Guy, additional, Campesato, Manuela, additional, Can, Özlem S, additional, Candeias, Margarida, additional, Cantor, Andreea, additional, Carise, Elsa, additional, Carmona, Cristina, additional, Carreteiro, Joana, additional, Carrieri, Cosima, additional, Carter, Anna, additional, Casal, Manuela, additional, Casanova, Irene, additional, Cascella, Marco, additional, Casero, Luis M., additional, Casiraghi, Guiseppina Maria, additional, Castelo-Branco, Laila, additional, Castro Arranz, Carlos, additional, Cernea, Daniela Denisa, additional, Cervantes, Jesoporiol, additional, Chandler, Ben, additional, Charnock, Robert, additional, Chatzimicali, Aikaterini, additional, Chinery, Elane, additional, Chishti, Ahmed, additional, Chondhury, Priyakam, additional, Christie, Emily, additional, Christodoudiles, George, additional, Ciardo, Stefano, additional, Cimpeanu, Luminata, additional, Cindea, Iulia, additional, Cinnella, Gilda, additional, Clark, Sebastian, additional, Clayton, Matthew, additional, Cocu, Simona, additional, Collyer, Thomas, additional, Colvin, Carie, additional, Cope, Sean, additional, Copeta, Filomena, additional, Copotoiu, Sanda-Maria, additional, Correia de Barros, Filinto, additional, Corso, Ruggero Massimo, additional, Cortegiani, Andrea, additional, Costa, Gabriela, additional, Cowton, Amanda, additional, Cox, Nicolas, additional, Craig, James, additional, Cricca, Valentina, additional, Cronin, John, additional, Cunha, Mariana, additional, Cuomo, Arturo, additional, Curley, Katherine, additional, Czuczwar, Mirosław, additional, Dabrowska, Domenika, additional, Damster, Sabrine, additional, Danguy des Déserts, Marc, additional, Daniliuc, Aura, additional, Danninger, Thomas, additional, Darwish, Imad, additional, Dascalu, Corina, additional, Davies, Kirsty, additional, Davies, Simon, additional, De Boer, Hans, additional, De Flaviis, Adelisa, additional, De Selincourt, Gabrielle, additional, Deana, Cristian, additional, Debaene, Bertrand, additional, Debreceni, Gabor, additional, Dedhia, Jatin, additional, Delgado Garcia, Isabel, additional, Della Rocca, Giorgio, additional, Delroy-Buelles, Llana, additional, Desai, Tejal, additional, Dhillon, Parveen, additional, Di Giacinto, Ida, additional, Di Mauro, Piero, additional, Diaz Gomez, Tamara V., additional, Dimitrovski, Aleksandar, additional, Dinic, Vesna, additional, Dîrzu, Dan-Sebastian, additional, Divander, Mona Britt, additional, Dolinar, Janez, additional, Domingues, Susana, additional, Doolan, James, additional, Downes, Charlotte, additional, Dragoescu, Nicoleta Alice, additional, Droc, Gabriela, additional, Dum, Elisabeth, additional, Dumitrescu, Alexandra, additional, Duncan, Louise, additional, Dzurňáková, Paul, additional, Eberl, Susanne, additional, Edwards, Jayne, additional, Edwards, Mark, additional, Ekelund, Kim, additional, Ekengren, Patrik, additional, Elghouty, Eyad, additional, Ellerkmann, Richard, additional, Ellis, Helen, additional, Elme, Andreas, additional, Ernst, Thomas, additional, Errando, Carlos Luis, additional, Estenes, Simao, additional, Ewaldsson, Callis, additional, Farid, Nahla, additional, Featherstone, James, additional, Febres, Daniela, additional, Fedorov, Sergey, additional, Feggeler, Johanna, additional, Feijten, Prisca, additional, Fellmann, Tobias, additional, Fernandez Candil, Juan, additional, Fernandez Castineira, Ana, additional, Fernández Castineira, Juan, additional, Fernando, Aruna, additional, Ferrando, Carlos, additional, Ferreira, Leonia, additional, Ferreira, Patrick, additional, Feyling, Anders, additional, Filipescu, Daniela, additional, Fleischer, Andreas, additional, Floris, Leda, additional, Foerster, Urs, additional, Fox, Benjamin, additional, Franke, Uwe, additional, Frasca, Denis, additional, Frey, Christian, additional, Frost, Victoria, additional, Fullin, Giorgio, additional, Fumagalli, Jacopo, additional, Furneval, Julie, additional, Fusari, Maurizio, additional, Gallacher, Stuart, additional, Galushka, Svetlana, additional, Gambale, Giorgio, additional, Gambino, Irene, additional, Garcia-Perez, Maria Luisa, additional, Garg, Sanjeev, additional, Garlak, Justyna, additional, Gavranovic, Zeljka, additional, Gavrilov, Roman, additional, Gaynor, Lames, additional, Gecaj Gashi, Agreta, additional, Georghiou, Maria, additional, Gerjevic, Bozena, additional, Gferer, Gudrun, additional, Giarratano, Antonino, additional, Gibson, Andy, additional, Gievski, Vanja, additional, Giles, Julian, additional, Gillberg, Lars, additional, Gilowska, Katarzyna, additional, Gilsanz Rodriguez, Fernando, additional, Gioia, Antonio, additional, Giovannoni, Cecilia, additional, Girotra, Vandana, additional, Gkinas, Dimitrios, additional, Gkiokas, George, additional, Godoroja, Daniela, additional, Goebel, Ulrich, additional, Goel, Vandana, additional, Gonzalez, Matilde, additional, Goranovic, Tatjana, additional, Gornik-Wlaszczuk, Ewa, additional, Gosavi, Smita, additional, Gottfridsson, peter, additional, Gottschalk, André, additional, Granell, Manuel, additional, Granstrom, Anna, additional, Grassetto, Alberto, additional, Greenwood, Anna, additional, Grigoras, Ioana, additional, Grintescu, Ioana, additional, Gritsan, Alexey, additional, Gritsan, Galina, additional, Grynyuk, Andriy, additional, Guadagnin, Giovanni Maria, additional, Guarnieri, Marcello, additional, Güçlü, Çiğdem, additional, Guerrero Diez, Maria, additional, Gunenc, Ferim, additional, Günther, Ulf, additional, Gupta, Pawan, additional, Guttenthaler, Vera, additional, Hack, Yvonne, additional, Hafisayena, Ade, additional, Hagau, Natalia, additional, Haldar, Jagannath, additional, Hales, Dawn, additional, Hancı, Volkan, additional, Hanna-Jumma, Sameer, additional, Harazim, Hana, additional, Harlet, Pierre, additional, Harper, Daniel, additional, Harris, Benjamin, additional, Harvey, Orla, additional, Hashimi, Medita, additional, Hawkins, Lesley, additional, Hayes, Conrad, additional, Heaton, James, additional, Heier, Tom, additional, Helliwell, Laurence, additional, Hemmes, Sabrine, additional, Henderson, Kate, additional, Hermanides, Jeroen, additional, Hermanns, Henning, additional, Herrera Hueso, Berta, additional, Hestenes, Siv, additional, Hettiarachchi, Roshane, additional, Highgate, Judith, additional, Hodgson, Keith, additional, Hoelbling, Daniel, additional, Holland, Jonathan, additional, Horhota, Lucian, additional, Hormis, Anil, additional, Hribar, Renata, additional, Hua, Alina, additional, Humphreys, Sally, additional, Humphries, Ryan, additional, Humpliková, Simona, additional, Hunt, Janez, additional, Husnain, Ali, additional, Hussein, Ahmed, additional, Hyams, Benjamin, additional, Iannuccelli, Fabrizio, additional, Ilette, Katie, additional, Ilyas, Carl, additional, Inan, Turgay, additional, India, Immaculada, additional, Ionițăv, Victor, additional, Irwin, Foo, additional, Jain, Vipul, additional, Janez, Benedikt, additional, Jankovic, Radmilo, additional, Jenkins, Sarah, additional, Jenko, Matej, additional, Jimenez, Raquel, additional, Jiménez Gomez, Bárbara, additional, Joachim, Sugganthi, additional, Joelsson-Alm, Eva, additional, John, John, additional, Jonikaite, Lina, additional, Jovic, Miomir, additional, Jungwirth, Bettina, additional, Junke, Etienne, additional, Kabakov, Borys, additional, Kadaoui, Salah-Din, additional, Kanski, Andrzej, additional, Karadag, Süheyla, additional, Karbonskiene, Aurika, additional, Karjagin, Juri, additional, Kasnik, Darja, additional, Katanolli, Fatos, additional, Katsika, Eleni, additional, Kaufmann, Kai, additional, Keane, Helen, additional, Kelly, Martin, additional, Kent, Melanie, additional, Keraitiene, Grazina, additional, Khudhur, Ahmed, additional, Khuenl-Brady, Karin, additional, Kidd, Laurie, additional, King, Siobhan, additional, Kirchgäßner, Katharina, additional, Klancir, Tino, additional, Klucniks, Andris, additional, Knotzer, Johann, additional, Knowlden, Peter, additional, Koers, Lena, additional, Kompan, Janez, additional, Koneti, Kiran K, additional, Kooij, Fabian, additional, Koolen, Eric, additional, Koopman - van Gemert, Anna Wilhelmina Margaretha Maria, additional, Kopp, Kristen, additional, Korfiotis, Dimitrios, additional, Korolkov, Oleg, additional, Kosinová, Martina, additional, Köstenberger, Markus, additional, Kotzinger, Oskar, additional, Kovačević, Marko, additional, Kranke, Peter, additional, Kranke, Eva, additional, Kraus, Christiane, additional, Kraus, Stephanie, additional, Kubitzek, Christiane, additional, Kucharski, Rafal, additional, Kucukguclu, Semih, additional, Kudrashou, Allaksandr, additional, Kumar, Vinayak, additional, Kummen, Live, additional, Kunit, Cornelia, additional, Kushakovsky, Vlad, additional, Kuvaki, Bahar, additional, Kuzmanovska, Biljana, additional, Kyttari, Aikaterina, additional, Landoni, Giovanni, additional, Lau, Gary, additional, Lazarev, Konstantin, additional, Legett, Samantha, additional, Legrottaglie, Anna Maria, additional, Leonardi, Silvia, additional, Leong, Maria, additional, Lercher, Helene, additional, Leuvrey, Matthieu, additional, Leva, Brigitte, additional, Levstek, Meta, additional, Limb, James, additional, Lindholm, Espen, additional, Linton, Fiona, additional, Liperi, Corradero, additional, Lipski, Fabian, additional, Lirk, Philipp, additional, Lisi, Alberto, additional, Lišková, Katarina, additional, Lluch Oltra, Aitana, additional, Loganathan, Vinothan, additional, Lombardi, Stefania, additional, Lopez, Eloisa, additional, Lopez Rodríguez, Maria, additional, Lorenzini, Laura, additional, Lowicka, Malgorzata, additional, Lugovoy, Alexander, additional, Luippold, Madeleine, additional, Lumb, Andrew, additional, Macas, Andrius, additional, Macgregor, Mark, additional, Machado, Humberto, additional, Maciariello, Maria, additional, Madeira, Isabel, additional, Maitan, Stefan, additional, Majewski, Jacek, additional, Maldini, Branka, additional, Malewski, Georgia, additional, Manfredini, Livia, additional, Männer, Olja, additional, Marchand, Bahareh, additional, Marcu, Alexandra, additional, Margalef, Jordi, additional, Margarson, Michael, additional, Marinheiro, Lucia, additional, Markic, Ana, additional, Markovic Bozic, Jasmina, additional, Marrazzo, Francesco, additional, Martin, Jane, additional, Martin Ayuso, Maria, additional, Martinez, Esteher, additional, Martino, Enrico Antonio, additional, Martinson, Victoria, additional, Marusic-Gaser, Katarina, additional, Mascarenhas, Catia, additional, Mathis, Cindy, additional, Matsota, Paraskevi, additional, Mavrommati, Eleni, additional, Mazul Sunko, Branka, additional, McCourt, Killian, additional, McGill, Neil, additional, McKee, Raymond, additional, Meço, Başak Ceyda, additional, Meier, Sonja, additional, Melbourne, Susan, additional, Melbybråthen, Grethe, additional, Meli, Andrea, additional, Melia, Aiden, additional, Melotti, Rita Maria, additional, Menga, Maria Rosaria, additional, Mercer, Pauline, additional, Merotra, Susan, additional, Mescolini, Silvia, additional, Metterlein, Thomas, additional, Michalov, Martin, additional, Michlig, Sam, additional, Midgley, Susan, additional, Milić, Morena, additional, Milojevic, Milan, additional, Miñana, Amanda, additional, Minto, Gary, additional, Mirabella, Lucia, additional, Mirea, Liliana, additional, Mittelstädt, Ludger, additional, Moeglen, Aude, additional, Moise, Alida, additional, Mokini, Zhirajr, additional, Molin, Anna, additional, Moltó, Luis, additional, Monea, Maria Concetta, additional, Montalto, Francesca, additional, Montgomery, Jane, additional, Montgomery, Claire, additional, Montillo, Gerardo, additional, Moore, Sally, additional, Moore, Faye, additional, Moreira, Zelia, additional, Moreno, Tania, additional, Moreno, Ricardo, additional, Moret, Enrique, additional, Moreton, Sarah, additional, Morgan, Marianne, additional, Moro Velasco, Concepción, additional, Morri, Davide, additional, Moull, Alice, additional, Moura, Fernando, additional, Mráz, Peter, additional, Mrozek, Katarzyna, additional, Mukhtar, Karim, additional, Muniyappa, Sudeshkumar, additional, Murray, Heather, additional, Murthy, Burra VS, additional, Mushambi, Mary, additional, Nadolski, Maria, additional, Nardelli, Pasquale, additional, Nardin, Giordano, additional, Navarro Pérez, Rosalía, additional, Naveiro, Andrea, additional, Negri, Manuela, additional, Nesek Adam, Visnja, additional, Neskovic, Vojislava, additional, Neuwersch, Stefan, additional, Neves, Miriam, additional, Nguyen, Bavinh, additional, Ní Eochagáin, Aisling, additional, Nicholas, Caroline, additional, Nightingale, Jeremy, additional, Norrie, Kylie, additional, Novak-Jankovic, Vesna, additional, Novakova, Andrea, additional, Novillo, Marta, additional, Numan, Sandra, additional, Oduro-Dominah, Louise, additional, Oldner, Anders, additional, Oliveira, Isabel, additional, Ologoiu, Daniela, additional, Oloktsidou, Irini, additional, O'Reilly, Rosalind, additional, Orlando, Alessandro, additional, Ovezov, Alexey, additional, Ozbilgin, Sule, additional, Paal, Peter, additional, Padin Barreiro, Lidia, additional, Palugniok, Ryszard, additional, Papaioannou, Alexandra, additional, Papapostolou, Konstantinos, additional, Paranthaman, Prabhakar, additional, Pardey Bracho, Gilda, additional, Parente, Suzana, additional, Parfeni, Alexandru, additional, Pasin, Laura, additional, Passey, Samuel, additional, Pastor, Ernesto, additional, Patch, Sarah, additional, Patil, Andan, additional, Paunescu, Marilena-Alina, additional, Pehboeck, Daniel, additional, Pereira, Manuela, additional, Pereira, Carla, additional, Perez Caballero, Paula, additional, Pérez García, Aníbal, additional, Pérez Soto, Antonia, additional, Perez Tejero, Gisela, additional, Perez-Cerda, Francisco, additional, Pesenti, Antonio, additional, Petta, Rocco, additional, Philippe, Simon, additional, Pickering, David, additional, Pico Veloso, Jandro, additional, Pina, Pedro, additional, Pinho-Oliveira, Vítor, additional, Pinol, Santiago, additional, Pinto, Rita, additional, Pistidda, Laura, additional, Pitterle, Manuela, additional, Piwowarczyk, Paweł, additional, Plotnikova, Olga, additional, Pohl, Holger, additional, Poldermann, Jorinde, additional, Polkovicová, Lucia, additional, Pompei, Livia, additional, Popescu, Mihai, additional, Popović, Radmila, additional, Pota, Vincenzo, additional, Potocnik, Miriam, additional, Potręć, Beata, additional, Potter, Alison, additional, Pramod, Nalwaya, additional, Prchalova, Martina, additional, Preckel, Benedikt, additional, Pugh, Richard, additional, Pulletz, Mark, additional, Radoeshki, Aleksandar, additional, Rafi, Amir, additional, Ragazzi, Riccardo, additional, Raineri Santi, Maurizio, additional, Rajamanickam, Tamiselvan, additional, Rajput, Zahra, additional, Ramachandran, Rajeskar, additional, Ramasamy, Radhika, additional, Ramessur, Suneil, additional, Rao, Roshan, additional, Rasmussen, Anders, additional, Rato, André, additional, Razaque, Usman, additional, Real Navacerrada, M. Isabel, additional, Reavley, Caroline, additional, Reid, James, additional, Reschreiter, Henrik, additional, Rial, Erick, additional, Ribas Carrasco, Patricia, additional, Ribeiro, Sandy, additional, Rich, Nathalie, additional, Richardson, Lydia, additional, Rimaitis, Kestutis, additional, Rimaitis, Marius, additional, Ringvold, Else-Marie, additional, Ripke, Fabian, additional, Ristescu, Irina, additional, Ritchie, Keith, additional, Ródenas, Frederic, additional, Rodrigues, Patrícia, additional, Rogers, Emma, additional, Rogerson, David, additional, Romagnoli, Stefano, additional, Romero, Esther, additional, Rondovic, Goran, additional, Rose, Bernd Oliver, additional, Roth, Winfried, additional, Rotter, Marie-Therese, additional, Rousseau, Guy, additional, Rudjord, Anders, additional, Rueffert, Henrik, additional, Rundgren, Malin, additional, Rupprecht, Korbinian, additional, Rushton, Andrew, additional, Russotto, Vincenzo, additional, Rypulak, Elżbieta, additional, Ryszka, Maciej, additional, Sà, Jacinta, additional, Sà Couto, Paula, additional, Saby, Sandrine, additional, Sagic, Jelena, additional, Saleh, Omar, additional, Sales, Gabriele, additional, Sánchez Sánchez, Yván, additional, Sanghera, Sumayer, additional, Şanli Karip, Ceren, additional, Santiveri Papiol, Francisco Javier, additional, Santos, Sofia, additional, Sarno, Stephen, additional, Saul, Daniel, additional, Saunders, David, additional, Savic, Nenad, additional, Scalco, Loïc, additional, Scanlon, Deborah, additional, Schaller, Stefan, additional, Schax, Christoph, additional, Scheffer, Gert Jan, additional, Schening, Anna, additional, Schiavone, Vincenzo, additional, Schmidt-Ehrenberg, Florian, additional, Schmidt-Mutter, Catherine, additional, Schönberg, Christina, additional, Schopflin, Christian, additional, Schreiber, Jan-Uwe, additional, Schultz, Marcus, additional, Schurig, Marlen, additional, Scott, Carmen, additional, Sebestian, Siby, additional, Sehgal, Selena, additional, Sem, Victoria, additional, Semenas, Egidijus, additional, Serafini, Elena, additional, Serchan, Pashalitsa, additional, Shields, Martin, additional, Shobha, Ramakrishnan, additional, Shosholcheva, Mirjana, additional, Siamansour, Tanja, additional, Siddaiah, Narendra, additional, Siddiqi, Khalid, additional, Sinclair, Rhona, additional, Singh, Permendra, additional, Singh, Rajendra, additional, Sinha, Aneeta, additional, Sinha, Ashok, additional, Skinner, Amanda, additional, Smee, Elizabeth, additional, Smekalova, Olga, additional, Smith, Neil, additional, Smith, Thomas, additional, Smitz, Carine, additional, Smole, Daniel, additional, Sojčić, Nataša, additional, Soler Pedrola, Maria, additional, Somanath, Sameer, additional, Sonksen, Julian, additional, Sorella, Maria Christina, additional, Sörmus, Alar, additional, Soro, Marina, additional, Soto, Carmen, additional, Spada, Anna, additional, Spadaro, Savino, additional, Spaeth, Johannes, additional, Sparr, Harald, additional, Spielmann, Annika, additional, Spindler-Vesel, Alenka, additional, Stamelos, Matthaios, additional, Stancombe L, Liucia, additional, Stanculescu, Andreea, additional, Standl, Thomas, additional, Standley, Tom, additional, Stanek, Ondrej, additional, Stanisavljević, Snežana, additional, Starczewska, Malgorzata, additional, Stäuble, Christiane, additional, Steen, Julie, additional, Stefan, Oana Maria, additional, Stell, Elizabeth, additional, Stera, Caterina, additional, Stevens, Markus, additional, Stoerckel, Marlène, additional, Stošić, Biljana, additional, Stourac, Petr, additional, Stroumpoulis, Konstantinos, additional, Struck, Rafael, additional, Suarez de la Rica, Alejandro, additional, Sultanpori, Altaf, additional, Sundara Rajan, Rajinikanth, additional, Suying, Ong, additional, Svensen, Christer, additional, Swan, Louise, additional, Syrogianni, Paulina, additional, Sysiak, Justyna, additional, Szederjesi, Janos, additional, Taddei, Stefania, additional, Tan Hao, Ern, additional, Tanou, Virginia, additional, Tarabová, Katarina, additional, Tardaguila Sancho, Paula, additional, Tarroso, Maria, additional, Tartaglione, Marco, additional, Taylor, Emma, additional, Tbaily, Lee, additional, Telford, Richard, additional, Terenzoni, Massimo, additional, Theodoraki, Kassiani, additional, Thornley, Helen, additional, Tiganiuc, Liviu, additional, Toim, Hardo, additional, Tomescu, Dana, additional, Tommasino, Concezione, additional, Toni, Jessica, additional, Toninelli, Arturo, additional, Toretti, Ilaria, additional, Townley, Stephen, additional, Trepenaitis, Darius, additional, Trethowan, Brian, additional, Tsaousi, Georgia, additional, Tsiftsi, Aikaterini, additional, Tudor, Adrada, additional, Turan, Güldem, additional, Turhan, Sanem Çakar, additional, Unic-Stojanovic, Dragana, additional, Unterbuchner, Christoph, additional, Unzueta, Carmen, additional, Uranjek, Jasna, additional, Ursic, Tomaz, additional, Vaida, Simona, additional, Valldeperas Ferrer, Silvia, additional, Valldeperas Hernandez, Maria Inmaculada, additional, Valsamidis, Dimitri, additional, Van Beek, Rienk, additional, Van dasselaer, Nick, additional, Van Der Beek, Tim, additional, Van Duivenvoorde, Yoni, additional, van Klei, Wilton A., additional, Van Poorter, Frans, additional, Van Zaane, Bas, additional, Van Zundert, Tom, additional, Van Zyl, Rebekka, additional, Vargas Munoz, Ana Milena, additional, Varsani, Nimu, additional, Vasconcelos, Pedro, additional, Vassilakis, Georgios, additional, Vecchiatini, Tommaso, additional, Vecera, Lubomir, additional, Vercauteren, Marcel, additional, Verdouw, Bas, additional, Verheyen, Veerle, additional, Verri, Marco, additional, Vicari Sottosanti, Luigi Giancarlo, additional, Vico, Manuel, additional, Vidal Mitjans, Patricia, additional, Vilardi, Anna, additional, Vissicchio, Daniela, additional, Vitale, Giovanni, additional, Vitković, Bibiana, additional, Vizcaychipi, Marcela Paola, additional, Voicu, Alexandra, additional, Voje, Minca, additional, Volfová, Ivana, additional, Volta, Carlo Alberto, additional, Von Lutterotti, Theresa, additional, von Tiesenhausen, Anna, additional, Vrecic-Slabe, Simona, additional, Vukcevic, Dejan, additional, Vukovic, Rade, additional, Vullo, P. Agostina, additional, Wade, Andrew, additional, Wallberg, Hanna, additional, Wallden, Jakob, additional, Wallner, Johann, additional, Walther Sturesson, Louise, additional, Watson, Davina, additional, Weber, Stefan, additional, Wegiel Leskiewiq, Anna, additional, Weller, Debbie, additional, Wensing, Carine, additional, Werkmann, Markus, additional, Westberg, Henrik, additional, Wikström, Erik, additional, Williams, Benedict, additional, Wilson, Robin, additional, Wirth, Steffen, additional, Wittmann, Maria, additional, Wood, Laura, additional, Wright, Stella, additional, Zachoval, Christian, additional, Zambon, Massimo, additional, Zampieri, Silvia, additional, Zampone, Salvatore, additional, Zangrillo, Alberto, additional, Zani, Gianluca, additional, Zavackiene, Asta, additional, Zieglerder, Raphael, additional, Zonneveldt, Harry, additional, Zsisku, Lajos, additional, Zucker, Tom-Philipp, additional, Żukowski, Maciej, additional, Zuleika, Mehrun, additional, and Zupanĕiĕ, Darja, additional

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results