Search

Copyright of Die Unfallchirurgie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction. La surveillance des maladies cardiovasculaires (MCV) au Québec et dans le reste du Canada est effectuée à l'aide de fichiers médico-administratifs, parmi lesquels on retrouve, au Québec, le fichier des services médicaux rémunérés à l'acte. La présence d'actes facturés sans diagnostic peut entraîner une sous-estimation du nombre de cas de MCV. L'objectif de cette étude est d'estimer la proportion de diagnostics de MCV et de cas de MCV possiblement manquants dans ces fichiers. Méthodologie. L'étude a été réalisée en utilisant une cohorte prospective comprenant 8 781 participants de la région de Québec. L'accès aux fichiers médico-administratifs a été obtenu pour l'ensemble des 28 années de suivi. Nous avons d'abord effectué des analyses de fréquence afin d'estimer la proportion de diagnostics de MCV manquants. Nous avons ensuite utilisé des algorithmes validés afin d'identifier les cas de MCV et d'estimer la proportion de cas de MCV possiblement manquants sur 28 ans. Résultats. Environ un cinquième (22,1 %) des diagnostics du fichier des services médicaux rémunérés à l'acte était manquant. La proportion de cas de MCV manquants a été estimée à 12,7 % pour la période 1991-2018, avec des variations selon la période (1991-1996: 15,5 %; 1997-2013: 10,7 %; 2014-2018: 16,3 %). Conclusion. Environ 1 cas de MCV sur 10 n'est pas identifié en raison des diagnostics manquants. Cette sous-estimation constitue une limite potentielle dont il faut tenir compte lors de l'utilisation des fichiers médico-administratifs québécois pour l'identification des cas de MCV dans un contexte de travaux de surveillance et d'études épidémiologiques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human monkeypox (Mpox) is a zoonotic infection caused by Mpox virus (MPXV) that was first identified in a smallpox suspect in 1970, and presents with smallpox-like symptoms but with less severe manifestations. The infection is initiated through rapid replication at the inoculation site, with early symptoms including fever, chills, and exhaustion. The advent of smallpox vaccines has significantly contributed to its prevention. Due to its zoonotic nature, individuals who consume or handle animals susceptible to the virus are at increased risk and should take appropriate precautions. Both vaccines and non-pharmacological interventions have proven potent in limiting the spread of the infection. This narrative review examines the emergence and spread of Mpox in humans, delving into the epidemiology, clinical manifestations and preventive strategies for Mpox, as well as the transmission dynamics of the two MPXV clades. It also highlights the increase in cases outside Africa, with a particular focus on a UK outbreak linked to travel from Nigeria. The importance of vaccination, especially smallpox vaccines, is underscored, noting recent advancements in vaccine development such as the Vaccinia Ankara vaccine. The review emphasizes the need for robust surveillance, diagnostics, and strategies to control and manage epidemics, drawing lessons from past experiences. It concludes by stressing the clinical similarities between Mpox and smallpox and the growing public health concern posed by Mpox, especially in areas with high human-wildlife interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La maladie de Sjögren est une affection auto-immune complexe qui persiste à poser d'importants défis malgré les progrès de la recherche. Il s'agit d'une maladie rare dont la prévalence est estimée entre 0,01 % et 0,05 %. Son incidence est variable selon les pays mais pourrait être en augmentation sur les deux dernières décennies. Les facteurs de risque, incluant les antécédents familiaux, le stress et les expositions hormonales, demeurent incomplètement élucidés. La maladie de Sjögren peut coexister avec d'autres maladies auto-immunes en particulier avec les thyroïdites auto-immunes, la polyarthrite rhumatoïde, le lupus érythémateux systémique et la sclérodermie systémique. C'est la maladie auto-immune au cours de laquelle l'augmentation du risque de lymphome est la plus importante. Il pourrait également y avoir, comme au cours d'autres maladies auto-immunes telles que la polyarthrite rhumatoïde ou le lupus, une augmentation du risque cardiovasculaire, bien que les preuves à ce sujet restent à consolider. Les recherches actuelles révèlent l'existence de divers sous-groupes de patients, définis par leurs symptômes, leurs paramètres clinico-biologiques, et/ou leur origine géographique. Cette variabilité est à l'origine de profils évolutifs différents et d'un risque de mortalité très fortement influencé par la présence ou non de lymphome, la survenue ce dernier étant particulièrement lié à l'activité systémique de la maladie. Cette revue générale abordera les bases épidémiologiques, l'hétérogénie phénotypique et pronostique soulignant la nécessité d'une approche thérapeutique individualisée au cours de la maladie de Sjögren. Sjögren disease is a complex autoimmune disorder with ongoing challenges despite research advances. It is a rare disease with an estimated prevalence between 0.01% and 0.05%. Its incidence varies by country but could be increasing over the last two decades. Risk factors, including family history, stress, and hormonal exposures, remain incompletely understood. Sjögren disease can coexist with other autoimmune diseases, particularly autoimmune thyroid disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and systemic sclerosis. It is the autoimmune disease with the highest increased risk of lymphoma. There may also be, as in other autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus, an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, although evidence remains to be consolidated. Current research reveals the existence of various patient subgroups, defined by their symptoms, clinical presentation, biological parameters, and/or geographic origin. This variability leads to different evolutionary profiles and a risk of mortality strongly influenced by the presence or absence of lymphoma, the occurrence of which is particularly linked to the systemic activity of the disease. This general review will address the epidemiological foundations, phenotypic and prognostic heterogeneity, highlighting the need for an individualized therapeutic approach in Sjögren disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Clinical cancer registries are intended to reflect the reality of care through differentiated data analysis and, if necessary, to offer approaches for improving care. Methods: For the years 2000–2018, the data of the Clinical Epidemiological Cancer Registry Brandenburg-Berlin were examined separately for adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma with respect to epidemiology and health care reality. Results: Between 2000 and 2018 a total of 3207 esophageal cancers were documented in the cancer registry, of which 2182 were squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC), 843 adenocarcinomas (EAC) and 182 various others or missing histology. During the observation period there was a clear dominance of ESCC but with a significant increase in EAC in both sexes. Overall, the rate of new cases was 5 times higher for men than for women. The relative 5‑year survival probability of all esophageal cancers was 17.4% in men and 22.5% in women. Patients with EAC survived significantly longer than those with ESCC. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy, individually or in combination, were mainly used as treatment methods. Surgery was performed on 19% of ESCC and 42% of EAC. Conclusion: The proportion of ESCC in Brandenburg is still significantly higher than EAC, with a significant increase for the latter, especially in men. Although locally advanced tumors have been significantly more common, modern neoadjuvant concepts have rarely been documented, and although the quality of the surgery is comparable to the international standard, surgery is carried out in relatively few patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study is aimed at describing the patterns and trends of burns among children in the past 25 years in Albania, a transitional post-communist country in the Western Balkans. It included all burned children admitted to the Intensive Care Unit of the University Hospital Center "Mother Teresa" of Tirana in the past 5 years (i.e., 2018-2022). Overall, 275 children treated at the Service of Burns and Plastic Surgery were included in this analysis. Incidence of burns in children has importantly declined during the last 25 years. Of 275 children included in this study, 50.2% were boys and 49.8% were girls. The age range was from 2 months to 16 years. The number of children with burns declined progressively, but the lowest number was seen in 2020, which is explained by the Covid-19 pandemic. On the whole, the most affected age group is that of 1-3 year-olds. Regardless of age, hot liquids (51%) and pure hot water (39%) were the main causative agents of burns among children. There was an important decrease in the number of burns due to flame (from 18.5% to 7%) and chemical burns (from 5.9% to 1%). No electrical burns were found in the records. Most of the burned cases were burns of more than one site on the body, representing 35% of all the cases. Burns among children continue to constitute a significant burden of morbidity among Albanian children, which is a cause of concern. However, compared with 25 years ago, the total number of severely burned children has dropped in Albania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The CARMEN-France registry is a prospective, multicenter registry in France including adult patients with a new diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenia or of autoimmune immune hemolytic anemia (2402 patients included in December 31, 2023). The recording of clinical, biological and treatment data allows detailed epidemiological and pharmacoepidemiological real-world studies. This review summarizes the CARMEN-France registry protocol, gives examples of studies conducted in the registry, and indicates future directions such as inclusion of patient reported outcomes, linkage with the French national health insurance database and linkage with other registries in Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Die Gynäkologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Die Gastroenterologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Die Ophthalmologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background and Objective: Neuropathic pain is an occasionally reported complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) that has received increased attention in scientific literature. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to provide information on the frequency of neuropathic pain associated with Covid-19. Databases and Data Treatment: We systematically reviewed and analysed literature regarding neuropathic pain associated with Covid-19. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases. We considered prospective and retrospective studies published up until September 2022 (limitations included English language, full-text publications and studies including at least 10 patients). A random effects meta-analysis was performed and heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed. Results: We identified 149 studies. We included 17 studies in the systematic review, and six studies reporting the frequency of neuropathic pain in the acute/subacute phase of Covid-19 in the meta-analysis. The estimated frequency of neuropathic pain ranged between 0.4 and 25%. Forest plot analysis showed that the random effect overall frequency was 10% (95% confidence interval: 5%–15%), with a high level of heterogeneity (Chi2 = 104; Tau2 = 0.004; df = 5; I2 = 95%; test for overall effect: Z = 3.584; p < 0.0005). The overall risk of bias was moderate in all studies selected, particularly due to the poor description of neuropathic pain diagnostic criteria. Conclusions: The pooled estimated frequency of neuropathic pain associated with Covid-19 should be considered with caution due to the high heterogeneity across studies and the poor description of the neuropathic pain diagnostic criteria applied. Significance : Emerging evidence supports the development of neuropathic pain as a complication of Covid-19. However, longitudinal studies enrolling consecutive patients with Covid-19 that detail the diagnostic criteria for neuropathic pain are needed to better assess the frequency of this condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Les arthropathies microcristallines recouvrent la goutte, le rhumatisme à dépôts de pyrophosphate de calcium (PPCa), et le rhumatisme à hydroxyapatite. Ces rhumatismes sont parmi les plus fréquemment rencontrés en pratique quotidienne. La goutte est une complication de l'hyperuricémie chronique, mais tous les patients ayant une hyperuricémie ne développeront pas de goutte. Dans les pays occidentaux, la prévalence de l'hyperuricémie peut atteindre 20 % de la population adulte, mais celle de la goutte est estimée entre 1 et 4 %. Les facteurs de risque de goutte sont ceux de l'hyperuricémie avec, au premier plan, des facteurs alimentaires et génétiques, mais aussi certains médicaments comme les diurétiques. La prévalence du rhumatisme à PPCa est moins bien connue, car les études se sont souvent concentrées sur sa manifestation radiographique, la chondrocalcinose, dont la prévalence est estimée à 4–7 % de la population adulte. Ses facteurs de risque principaux sont l'hyperparathyroïdie primitive, l'hémochromatose génétique, l'hypomagnésémie, et l'arthrose. Les données épidémiologiques concernant le rhumatisme à hydroxyapatite manquent, et ne permettent pas d'estimer précisément sa prévalence en population générale. Crystal-associated arthropathies include gout, calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD) and basic calcium phosphate (BCP) crystal-associated arthropathies. These conditions are among the most frequently encountered in daily practice. Gout is a complication of chronic hyperuricaemia, but gout will not develop in all patients with hyperuricaemia. In Western countries, the prevalence of hyperuricaemia may be as high as 20% of the adult population, but the prevalence of gout is estimated to be between 1 and 4%. The risk factors for gout are the same as for hyperuricaemia, with dietary and genetic factors being the most important ones, along with diuretics. The prevalence of CPPD is less well known, as studies have often focused on chondrocalcinosis, its radiographic manifestation, the prevalence of which is estimated at 4–7% of the adult population. Its main risk factors are primary hyperparathyroidism, hereditary haemochromatosis, hypomagnesaemia and osteoarthritis. Epidemiological data on BCP crystal-associated arthropathies are lacking, and its prevalence in the general population is not precisely known. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L'arthrose est la maladie articulaire la plus fréquente. Le mode de définition (clinique, radiologique) doit être précisé ainsi que l'articulation ciblée pour l'appréciation des donnés épidémiologique et des multiples facteurs de risque clairement identifiés ou encore discutés (non envisagés ici). En France, la prévalence de l'arthrose symptomatique de la hanche et du genou en population générale âgée de 45 à 75 ans s'établit à 1,9 % pour les hommes et 4,7 % chez les femmes. Son taux d'incidence augmente rapidement avec l'âge, de façon plus marquée chez les femmes que chez les hommes. Des facteurs de risque systémiques peuvent être en cause : âge, sexe féminin, ethnie, génétique (30 à 65 % du risque), nutrition (vitamines D, C, K), obésité et syndrome métabolique, densité et masse osseuse élevées. Des facteurs de risque locaux interviennent aussi tels que la morphologie articulaire (particulièrement l'effet came), les troubles statiques (genu varum), l'activité physique excessive, les traumatismes articulaires ou encore les déficits musculaires. Le facteur individuel majeur modifiable, dont la prévalence ne va faire qu'augmenter dans les années à venir est l'obésité. Il est donc impératif de mieux comprendre le lien reliant l'excès de poids à l'arthrose afin de mettre en place des politiques de santé adaptées. Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disease. In France, the prevalence of symptomatic hip and knee osteoarthritis in the general population aged 45 to 75 is 1.9% in men and 4.7% in women. The incidence rate increases rapidly with age, more markedly in women than in men. Systemic risk factors may be involved: age and gender, ethnicity, genetics (30 to 65% of the risk), nutrition (vitamins D, C, K), obesity and metabolic syndrome, high bone density and mass. Local risk factors are also involved: joint morphology (particularly the cam effect), static disorders (genu varum), excessive physical activity, joint trauma, muscle deficiencies. The major modifiable individual factor, whose prevalence is set to increase in the years ahead, is obesity. It is therefore imperative to better understand the link between excess weight and osteoarthritis, in order to implement appropriate health policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Die Gastroenterologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: First Nations children face a greater risk of experiencing mental disorders than other children from the general population because of family and societal factors, yet there is little research examining their mental health. This study compares diagnosed mental disorders and suicidal behaviours of First Nations children living on-reserve and off-reserve to all other children living in Manitoba. Method: The research team, which included First Nations and non-First Nations researchers, utilized population-based administrative data that linked de-identified individual-level records from the 2016 First Nations Research File to health and social information for children living in Manitoba. Adjusted rates and rate ratios of mental disorders and suicide behaviours were calculated using a generalized linear modelling approach to compare First Nations children (n = 40,574) and all other children (n = 197,109) and comparing First Nations children living on- and off-reserve. Results: Compared with all other children, First Nations children had a higher prevalence of schizophrenia (adjusted rate ratio (aRR): 4.42, 95% confidence interval (CI), 3.36 to 5.82), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; aRR: 1.21, 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.33), substance use disorders (aRR: 5.19; 95% CI, 4.25 to 6.33), hospitalizations for suicide attempts (aRR: 6.96; 95% CI, 4.36 to 11.13) and suicide deaths (aRR: 10.63; 95% CI, 7.08 to 15.95). The prevalence of ADHD and mood/anxiety disorders was significantly higher for First Nations children living off-reserve compared with on-reserve; in contrast, hospitalization rates for suicide attempts were twice as high on-reserve than off-reserve. When the comparison cohort was restricted to only other children in low-income areas, a higher prevalence of almost all disorders remained for First Nations children. Conclusion: Large disparities were found in mental health indicators between First Nations children and other children in Manitoba, demonstrating that considerable work is required to improve the mental well-being of First Nations children. Equitable access to culturally safe services is urgently needed and these services should be self-determined, planned, and implemented by First Nations people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tar spot of corn is a disease that causes significant production losses in the Americas. However, the dynamics of tar spot epidemics in different countries is currently unknown. We assessed the temporal dynamics of tar spot epidemics from six efficacy trial experiments conducted in the United States (US) (three) and Honduras (three) from 2019 to 2021. Data collected corresponded to different canopy positions (lower, middle and upper). In all experiments and canopies, treatments contributed to reducing disease as compared to non-treated controls. In the US the time from disease onset (yons) to maximum disease level (ymax) was longer than in Honduras. In all experiments, the disease developed from the lower to the upper canopy. The logistic model described well the disease progression data in its linear and non-linear form. Overall, the linear rates (rL*) were lower in the US than in Honduras, but in the US the highest rates occurred in the upper canopy, while in Honduras they occurred in the lower canopy. Logistic non-linear rates were in general higher in the US than in Honduras. Multi-treatment meta-analysis and the effect size showed that yons, rL*, standardized AUDPC and ymax were higher in Honduras than in the US in the lower canopy and higher in the US than Honduras in the upper canopy. The best correlations occurred in the lower canopy in Honduras or the upper canopy in the US. The information generated in this study helped identify differences in epidemiological dynamics in high-risk areas in two countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrical burn injuries (EBI) affect both adults and children and are responsible for a very high number of major limb amputations. Their management is still a major challenge. This retrospective review concerns 42 children, admitted to an intensive burn care department in Tunisia for high electrical burns, from January 2016 to September 2022. The average age of our patients was 12 years, with a male predominance (90.5%). Electrotrauma was accidental in the majority of cases (93%) and secondary to a domestic accident in 54.8% of cases. Total body surface area was 19%. Burns were second degree in 2/3 of cases and third degree in 1/3 of cases. The most affected areas were distal extremities in 2/3 of the cases. Rhabdomyolysis was observed in 93% of cases and troponins were elevated in half of the patients. Escharotomy was required in 38% of cases. Amputation was performed in 18 children (43%): one limb (n=10); 2 limbs (n=6) and 3 limbs (n=2). The outcome was favorable in 9 children (21.4%); functional and cosmetic sequelae with an impact on schooling and psychology were reported in 25 cases. Mortality was 16.7%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetes causes peripheral neuropathy with loss of sensitivity of feet to pain, predisposing diabetic patients to a high risk of severe burns. Our retrospective study aimed to look at epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and outcome characteristics of feet burns occurring in patients with diabetes, hospitalized in the burn trauma center of Tunis over 4 years (from 2019 to 2022). We included 34 patients, among which 9 had only feet burns. Their mean age was 60 years (range: 41-83 years), with male predominance (sex ratio = 1.83). A quarter of patients (n=9) were on oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) and more than half (n=18) were at the stage of degenerative complications. At admission, blood glucose level was higher than 10 mmol/l in 73% of patients. TBSA was 19%. Twenty-two patients had deep feet burns, among which 5 patients underwent aponerrotomy for deep, circular burns. Amputation was done in 15 patients: toes (n=9), one limb (n=3) and two limbs (n=3). Duration of ICU stay was 18.3 days and mortality was 20.58%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cet article décrit le poids, les facteurs de risque, la mortalité et les tendances évolutives et à venir des fractures de l'extrémité supérieure du fémur en France. Le choix s'est porté sur l'analyse des données nationales disponibles en France avec notamment un focus méthodologique sur la caractérisation de l'événement et des paramètres associés étudiés. Si cette fracture est notamment observée chez le sujet âgé (60 ans et plus) et la femme, on ne peut négliger le rôle d'autres facteurs de risque tels les comorbidités avec notamment une place pour la démence et la dialyse, les fractures ostéoporotiques antérieures et l'insuffisance de prise en charge thérapeutique. La mortalité immédiate ou dans les suites de cette facture, qu'elle soit attribuable ou non à cette dernière, n'est pas à être sous-estimée. Si la tendance montre une augmentation du nombre des hospitalisations notamment liée aux évolutions démographiques, les projections estimées soulignent une hausse préoccupante, en particulier chez la femme, nécessitant une attention immédiate et des stratégies préventives efficaces. Il persiste le besoin de prioriser l'ostéoporose en tant que préoccupation majeure de santé publique en France. This article describes the burden, risk factors, mortality, and evolutionary and future trends of upper femoral fractures of the in France. The choice was made to analyze the national data available in France, with a methodological focus on characterizing the event and the associated parameters studied. While this fracture is particularly common in the elderly (aged 60 and over), especially women, the role of other factors cannot be overlooked, such as co-morbidities (with a particular focus on dementia and dialysis), previous osteoporotic fractures and inadequate therapeutic management. Mortality, whether or no attributable to the fracture, should not be underestimated. While the trend shows an increase in the number of hospital admissions, linked to demographic trends, estimated projections point to a worrying rise, particularly among women, requiring immediate attention and effective preventive strategies. There is still a need to prioritize osteoporosis as a major public health concern in France. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When the Ebola virus crossed undetected into Sierra Leone and exacerbated the 2014-15 crisis, the World Health Organization blamed the breach on a traditional healer treating patients from Guinea. Meanwhile, local residents initially maintained that her death was not Ebola-related but a serpent's curse, an assumption grounded in lived experience of snake charmer spectacles. Both narratives drowned out evidence that the virus spread not via the healer's covert herbalism, but via her professional connections at the local government clinic and, more broadly, an overtaxed and undertrained public health system. This article takes local rumours around Ebola as vernacular epidemiologies that resonated with sensory experience. They show that both community and humanitarian actors had information; complications arose from the diverse experiences and expectations that shaped responses to that information. Such expectations emerge from the borderland geography, where colonial infrastructures continue to channel perception according to "upriver", "downriver", and "crossriver" phenomenologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A vaccination, when understood and applied correctly, is an effective medicinal intervention. The latter is just a part of a multifactorial management protocol for the prevention and control of infectious diseases. The vaccination against Equine Herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) has, since 1 January 2023, become a prerequisite for the participation of horses in competitions according to the rules of the German Equestrian Federation. This regulation was introduced as a result of the incidents especially those sequelae with symptoms of EHM at and around an international longterm event in Valencia in 2021, which reoccurred in 2023. National racing authorities for thoroughbreds and standardbreds also introduced mandatory vaccination against EHV-1 for starters in their races. This has been introduced partly due to the incidents mentioned or are a reaction to the implementation of compulsory vaccination in other countries due to singular incidents. How the different regulatory bodies within their sphere of responsibility arrived at the decision to proscribe vaccination against EHV-1 remains unclear due to a lack of transparency. Only the Fédération Equestre International (FEI: International Federation for Equestrian Sports) has had the opportunity to review the incidents. To date, the FEI has not yet introduced a compulsory vaccination programme. The (not new) fact that the cases of horses that fell sick, especially those with symptoms of EHM, in Valencia in 2021 and 2023 did not allow a distinction to be made between vaccinated and unvaccinated horses may also contribute to this. It remains unclear “why” and “why now” a cause outside Germany can be enough to react with an inadequate measure: the compulsory vaccination against EHV-1. Another fundamental question could be whether this event is suitable as an example of contemporary history to describe the political struggle to assert one’s own interests (against the “interests” of equine health) with recourse to science that acts arbitrarily. The following explanations are intended to provide a factual, technical presentation [1] of the considerations and the resulting obligations from which no vaccination obligation can arise as a result. In particular, neo-democratic references to the legality of the “majoritarian sovereignty of interpretation” are neglected here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Die Urologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most common neurodegenerative dementia after Alzheimer's disease. Patients with DLB often have a poor prognosis, with worse outcomes than patients with Alzheimer's disease in terms of important parameters, such as quality of life, caregiver burden, health-related costs, frequency of hospital and nursing home admissions, shorter time to severe dementia, and lower survival. The DLB is frequently misdiagnosed and often undertreated. Therefore, it is critical to diagnose DLB as early as possible to ensure optimal care and treatment. Objective: The aim of this review article is to summarize the main recent findings on diagnostic tools, epidemiology and genetics of DLB. Results: Precise clinical diagnostic criteria exist for DLB that enable an etiologic assignment. Imaging techniques are used as standard in DLB, especially also to exclude non-neurodegenerative causes. In particular, procedures in nuclear medicine have a high diagnostic value. Discussion: The diagnosis is primarily based on clinical symptoms, although the development of in vivo neuroimaging and biomarkers is changing the scope of clinical diagnosis as well as research into this devastating disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast cancer is a public health issue worldwide. One of the main causes of death due to this disease is metastasis, which is understudied in our context. Thus, the objectives of this work were to: (1) estimate the frequency of synchronous metastatic breast cancer; (2) determine the overall survival rate; and (3) identify the main factors associated with metastatic breast cancer death in Malian women. Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study at Gabriel Touré Teaching hospital on breast cancer cases diagnosed during the period from January 1st, 2018 to August 31st, 2021. We included all pathologically confirmed of breast cancer with synchronous metastases. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze sociodemographic and clinical data. Identification of factors associated with metastatic breast cancer death was performed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression models to produce adjusted hazard ratios (AHR) with their 95% confidence intervals. Results: During the study period, a total of 231 cases of breast cancer were diagnosed in our department; among them, 60 cases were synchronous metastatic breast cancer (26%). The mean age of these cases was 45.3 ±12.1 years old. The most common histological form was non-specific infiltrating carcinoma, 55 cases (91.7%). The main metastatic sites were lung alone, 26 cases (43.3%), liver alone, 12 cases (20.0%) and 16 cases (26.6%) had more than one metastatic sites. The overall 2-year survival was less than 20%. Factor associated with the risk of death was lung metastases; AHR = 4.22 [95% CI: 1.13 - 15.79]. Conclusion: Synchronous metastatic breast cancer was very common in our setting and a poor prognosis was observed in patients with lung metastasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Dans le cadre de l'approche en santé publique en matière de protection de l'enfance, il est essentiel de recueillir des données sur les enfants placés hors de leur foyer familial afin d'évaluer les tendances à l'échelle de la population, de comprendre les facteurs à l'origine des inégalités sociales et de santé et d'analyser les conséquences pour les enfants et les familles. Nous avons analysé des données administratives provenant de l'ensemble du Canada pour décrire la population des enfants placés hors de leur foyer familial, estimer et comparer les taux de placement hors du foyer familial par province ou territoire, année, sexe ou genre, groupe d'âge et type de placement. Méthodologie. Nous avons effectué une analyse transversale des données basées sur des dénombrements ponctuels dans toutes les provinces et tous les territoires pour la période 2013-2014 à 2021-2022. Nous avons utilisé des fréquences et des pourcentages pour décrire la population d'enfants (et de jeunes jusqu'à 21 ans) placés hors de leur foyer familial et nous avons estimé les taux globaux et les ratios de taux. Résultats. Nous estimons qu'au Canada, 61 104 enfants étaient placés hors de leur foyer familial au 31 mars 2022. Le taux national de placement des enfants hors de leur foyer familial était de 8,24 enfants pour 1 000. Les variations de taux par province et territoire étaient importantes et ont changé au fil du temps. Les taux les plus élevés ont été relevés chez les garçons ainsi que chez les enfants de 1 à 3 ans et chez les jeunes de 16 et 17 ans. Si les familles d'accueil sont restées le type de placement le plus courant, le placement dans la parenté a représenté une part croissante des placements. Conclusion. Cette analyse a montré que les données administratives sont utilisables pour produire des indicateurs nationaux sur les enfants encadrés par le système de protection de l'enfance au Canada. Ces données sont utilisables aussi pour mesurer les progrès en matière d'équité sociale et de santé pour les enfants et les jeunes du Canada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tuberculoza este o boală infecțioasă gravă și răspândită la nivel global, cauzând un număr semnificativ de decese în fiecare an. Aceasta continuă să reprezinte o provocare majoră pentru sistemul de sănătate și necesită eforturi susținute de control și prevenție. Scopul acestei lucrări a fost de a analiza aspectele istorice ale tuberculozei și rezultatele programelor de control la nivel mondial și local. Materialele și metodele utilizate au implicat cercetarea literaturii de specialitate. Principalele concluzii includ evoluția istorică a tuberculozei, impactul descoperirilor și progreselor medicale asupra tratamentului și controlului bolii, precum și necesitatea continuă de a implementa strategii eficiente de prevenție și tratament.

The scarcity of data on burn-related injuries in Pakistan prompted this study. The study is specifically aimed at assessing the burn patients who were admitted to a national burn care center (BCC) in Pakistan. This single-center retrospective analysis was conducted for 12 months from January to December 2021. During this time period, 14,069 patients visited BCC with burn injuries of diverse natures while 613 of them were admitted. The patients' information was abstracted from the hospital database. This information included age, sex, diagnosis, burn depth/degree, time of arrival, circumstances of burn injury, TBSA (total burn surface area), complications, outcome, and management plan. This information was shifted to Microsoft Office Excel Worksheet 2015 and then coded into the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. Of 14,069 patients, 613 were admitted to the burn care center, indicating an admission rate of 4.35%. Among these 613 patients, there was a high proportion of males (58.89%) and a mean age of 20.2±12.5 years. Most patients (40.4%) visited within the first hour after being burnt and flame burns were the most common (41.10%). Most patients were burnt due to accidents (97.7%). The mean length of hospital stay was 15.5 days. Flames were the main cause of burns among our cohort of patients. Most patients had a TBSA of >10% and generally had a second-degree burn, mostly in the pediatric population. An urgent appraisal of burn policies and related legislation is needed to halt the burn burden in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Die Kardiologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Hintergrund: Frühere Studien haben einen Zusammenhang zwischen hohen Temperaturen und Krankenhauseinweisungen wegen Asthma festgestellt. Es wurde eine geschlechts- und altersabhängige Anfälligkeit festgestellt. Über die zeitliche Entwicklung dieses Effekts und seine regionale Variation ist jedoch wenig bekannt. Ziel dieser Studie ist es, den Zusammenhang zwischen Asthma-bedingten Krankenhauseinweisungen und warmen Temperaturen zu bewerten und die Anfälligkeit nach Alter, Geschlecht, Zeit und Region zu untersuchen. Methoden: Wir haben individuelle Daten zu Krankenhauseinweisungen wegen Asthma mit hoher zeitlicher (täglich) und regionaler (Postleitzahl) Auflösung für England im Zeitraum 2002 bis 2019 von NHS Digital abgerufen. Die Tagesmitteltemperatur mit einer Auflösung von 1 km × 1 km wurde vom britischen Met Office bezogen. Wir haben uns auf eine Latenzzeit von 0 bis 3 Tagen konzentriert. Wir haben ein Fall-Crossover-Studiendesign verwendet und Bayes'sche hierarchische Poisson-Modelle unter Berücksichtigung möglicher Störfaktoren (Niederschlag, relative Luftfeuchtigkeit, Windgeschwindigkeit und nationale Feiertage) angepasst. Ergebnisse: Nach Berücksichtigung der Störfaktoren fanden wir einen Anstieg des Risikos einer Asthma-bedingten Krankenhauseinweisung um 1,11% (95%-Kredibilitätsintervall: 0,88–1,34%) für jeden Anstieg der sommerlichen Umgebungstemperatur um 1 °C. Der Effekt war bei den 16- bis 64-jährigen Männern (2,10%, 1,59–2,61%) und in den ersten Jahren unserer Analyse am größten. Wir fanden auch Hinweise darauf, dass der Effekt mit der Zeit linear abnimmt. Die Bevölkerung in Yorkshire und dem Humber sowie in den East und West Midlands war am stärksten gefährdet. Schlussfolgerung: Diese Studie liefert Beweise für einen Zusammenhang zwischen hohen Temperaturen und Asthma-bedingten Krankenhauseinweisungen. Der Effekt nahm mit der Zeit ab. Mögliche Erklärungen sind zeitliche Unterschiede in den Mustern der Hitzeexposition, Anpassungsmechanismen, Asthmamanagement, Lebensstil, Komorbiditäten und berufsbedingte Gründe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dans cette communication, nous montrons que la littérature sur la prévalence des troubles psychiatriques et liés à l'usage de substances en milieu pénitentiaire est riche. Son interprétation se heurte toutefois à plusieurs difficultés : (i) une grande hétérogénéité des systèmes judiciaire et de soins de santé mentale entre les pays et (ii) des spécificités de l'environnement carcéral parfois négligées dans la méthodologie des études. Forts de ce constat, nous développons les résultats d'un certain nombre de travaux de référence sur la prévalence des troubles psychiatriques et liés à l'usage de substances dans les prisons françaises. Nous discutons enfin les perspectives en termes d'épidémiologie psychiatrique en milieu pénitentiaire. In this paper, we show that the literature on the prevalence of psychiatric and susbtance use disorders in prisons is substantial. However, there are a number of difficulties one encounters in interpreting this literature: (i) there is considerable heterogeneity between countries' judicial and mental health care systems, and (ii) the specific features of the prison environment are sometimes overlooked in the methodology used to conduct such studies. With this in mind, we discuss a number of benchmark studies on the prevalence of psychiatric and substance use disorders in French prisons. Finally, we discuss the perspectives for psychiatric epidemiology in prisons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Die Gastroenterologie is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic represented a serious challenge for healthcare systems worldwide. Special psychiatric patients represent a vulnerable group and are particularly affected by lockdown interventions. Knowledge on the possible effects for this group of patients in an emergency physician setting is low. Objective: The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of the first lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 on emergency ambulance services for psychiatric patients in a large German city. Material and methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on all prehospital psychiatric emergencies in a large German city during the first pandemic-related lockdown from 22 March 2020 to 4 May 2020, with the same period in 2019 serving as a reference. Results: During the first lockdown there was a significant increase in the number of emergency missions with respect to psychiatric cases. A substantial rise in substance-associated deployments was observed. Moreover, there was an increase in the proportion of psychiatric patients who did not meet emergency criteria. Suicidal tendencies and agitation status played a minor role during the lockdown. Conclusion: The lockdown had a notable impact on the frequency and profile of emergency physician calls in the metropolitan area studied. The substantial increase in substance-associated callouts can be interpreted as both a deterioration in access to the healthcare system and an expression of the increased stress faced by the general population and vulnerable groups in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)