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1. The MICADO first light imager for the ELT: overview and current Status

Author

Sturm, E., Davies, R., Alves, J., Clénet, Y., Kotilainen, J., Monna, A., Nicklas, H., Pott, J. -U., Tolstoy, E., Vulcani, B., Achren, J., Annadevara, S., Anwand-Heerwart, H., Arcidiacono, C., Barboza, S., Barl, L., Baudoz, P., Bender, R., Bezawada, N., Biondi, F., Bizenberger, P., Blin, A., Boné, A., Bonifacio, P., Borgo, B., Born, J. van den, Buey, T., Cao, Y., Chapron, F., Chauvin, G., Chemla, F., Cloiseau, K., Cohen, M., Collin, C., Czoske, O., Dette, J. -O., Deysenroth, M., Dijkstra, E., Dreizler, S., Dupuis, O., van Egmond, G., Eisenhauer, F., Elswijk, E., Emslander, A., Fabricius, M., Fasola, G., Ferreira, F., Schreiber, N. M. Förster, Fontana, A., Gaudemard, J., Gautherot, N., Gendron, E., Gennet, C., Genzel, R., Ghouchou, L., Gillessen, S., Gratadour, D., Grazian, A., Grupp, F., Guieu, S., Gullieuszik, M., de Haan, M., Hartke, J., Hartl, M., Haussmann, F., Helin, T., Hess, H. -J., Hofferbert, R., Huber, H., Huby, E., Huet, J. -M., Ives, D., Janssen, A., Jaufmann, P., Jilg, T., Jodlbauer, D., Jost, J., Kausch, W., Kellermann, H., Kerber, F., Kravcar, H., Kravchenko, K., Kulcsár, C., Kunkarayakti, H., Kunst, P., Kwast, S., Lang, F., Lange, J., Lapeyrere, V., Ruyet, B. Le, Leschinski, K., Locatelli, H., Massari, D., Mattila, S., Mei, S., Merlin, F., Meyer, E., Michel, C., Mohr, L., Montargès, M., Müller, F., Münch, N., Navarro, R., Neumann, U., Neumayer, N., Neumeier, L., Pedichini, F., Pflüger, A., Piazzesi, R., Pinard, L., Porras, J., Portaluri, E., Przybilla, N., Rabien, S., Raffard, J., Raggazoni, R., Ramlau, R., Ramos, J., Ramsay, S., Raynaud, H. -F., Rhode, P., Richter, A., Rix, H. -W., Rodenhuis, M., Rohloff, R. -R., Romp, R., Rousselot, P., Sabha, N., Sassolas, B., Schlichter, J., Schuil, M., Schweitzer, M., Seemann, U., Sevin, A., Simioni, M., Spallek, L., Sönmez, A., Suuronen, J., Taburet, S., Thomas, J., Tisserand, E., Vaccari, P., Valenti, E., Kleijn, G. Verdoes, Verdugo, M., Vidal, F., Wagner, R., Wegner, M., van Winden, D., Witschel, J., Zanella, A., Zeilinger, W., Ziegleder, J., and Ziegler, B. more...

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

MICADO is a first light instrument for the Extremely Large Telescope (ELT), set to start operating later this decade. It will provide diffraction limited imaging, astrometry, high contrast imaging, and long slit spectroscopy at near-infrared wavelengths. During the initial phase operations, adaptive optics (AO) correction will be provided by its own natural guide star wavefront sensor. In its final configuration, that AO system will be retained and complemented by the laser guide star multi-conjugate adaptive optics module MORFEO (formerly known as MAORY). Among many other things, MICADO will study exoplanets, distant galaxies and stars, and investigate black holes, such as Sagittarius A* at the centre of the Milky Way. After their final design phase, most components of MICADO have moved on to the manufacturing and assembly phase. Here we summarize the final design of the instrument and provide an overview about its current manufacturing status and the timeline. Some lessons learned from the final design review process will be presented in order to help future instrumentation projects to cope with the challenges arising from the substantial differences between projects for 8-10m class telescopes (e.g. ESO-VLT) and the next generation Extremely Large Telescopes (e.g. ESO-ELT). Finally, the expected performance will be discussed in the context of the current landscape of astronomical observatories and instruments. For instance, MICADO will have similar sensitivity as the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), but with six times the spatial resolution., Comment: Proceedings of the SPIE, Volume 13096, id. 1309611 11 pp. (2024) more...

Published
2024
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2. The BlackGEM telescope array I: Overview

Author

Groot, Paul J., Bloemen, S., Vreeswijk, P., van Roestel, J., Jonker, P. G., Nelemans, G., Klein-Wolt, M., Poole, R. Le, Pieterse, D., Rodenhuis, M., Boland, W., Haverkorn, M., Aerts, C., Bakker, R., Balster, H., Bekema, M., Dijkstra, E., Dolron, P., Elswijk, E., van Elteren, A., Engels, A., Fokker, M., de Haan, M., Hahn, F., ter Horst, R., Lesman, D., Kragt, J., Morren, J., Nillissen, H., Pessemier, W., de Rijke, A, Raskin, G., Scheers, L. H. A., Schuil, M., Timmer, S. T., Amaral, L. Antunes, Arancibia-Rojas, E., Arcavi, I., Blagorodnova, N., Biswas, S., Breton, R., Dawson, H., Dayal, P., De Wet, S., Duffy, C., Faris, S., Fausnaugh, M., Gal-Yam, A., Geier, S., Horesh, A., Johnston, C., Wijnands, R. A. D., Modiano, D., Katusiime, G., Kelley, C., Kosakowski, A., Kupfer, T., Leloudas, G., Mogawana, O., Munday, J., Paice, J. A., Patat, F., Pelisoli, I., Ramsay, G., Ranaivomanana, P. T., Ruiz-Carmona, R., Schaffenroth, V., Scaringi, S., Stoppa, F., Street, R., Tranin, H., Uzundag, M., Valenti, S., Veresvarska, M., Vuckovic, M., Wichern, H. C. I., Wijers, R. A. M. J., and Zimmerman, E. more...

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The main science aim of the BlackGEM array is to detect optical counterparts to gravitational wave mergers. Additionally, the array will perform a set of synoptic surveys to detect Local Universe transients and short time-scale variability in stars and binaries, as well as a six-filter all-sky survey down to ~22nd mag. The BlackGEM Phase-I array consists of three optical wide-field unit telescopes. Each unit uses an f/5.5 modified Dall-Kirkham (Harmer-Wynne) design with a triplet corrector lens, and a 65cm primary mirror, coupled with a 110Mpix CCD detector, that provides an instantaneous field-of-view of 2.7~square degrees, sampled at 0.564\arcsec/pixel. The total field-of-view for the array is 8.2 square degrees. Each telescope is equipped with a six-slot filter wheel containing an optimised Sloan set (BG-u, BG-g, BG-r, BG-i, BG-z) and a wider-band 440-720 nm (BG-q) filter. Each unit telescope is independent from the others. Cloud-based data processing is done in real time, and includes a transient-detection routine as well as a full-source optimal-photometry module. BlackGEM has been installed at the ESO La Silla observatory as of October 2019. After a prolonged COVID-19 hiatus, science operations started on April 1, 2023 and will run for five years. Aside from its core scientific program, BlackGEM will give rise to a multitude of additional science cases in multi-colour time-domain astronomy, to the benefit of a variety of topics in astrophysics, such as infant supernovae, luminous red novae, asteroseismology of post-main-sequence objects, (ultracompact) binary stars, and the relation between gravitational wave counterparts and other classes of transients, Comment: Published in PASP more...

Published
2024
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3. Mid-infrared circumstellar emission of the long-period Cepheid l Carinae resolved with VLTI/MATISSE

Author

Hocdé, V., Nardetto, N., Matter, A., Lagadec, E., Mérand, A., Cruzalèbes, P., Meilland, A., Millour, F., Lopez, B., Berio, P., Weigelt, G., Petrov, R., Isbell, J. W., Jaffe, W., Kervella, P., Glindemann, A., Schöller, M., Allouche, F., Gallenne, A., de Souza, A. Domiciano, Niccolini, G., Kokoulina, E., Varga, J., Lagarde, S., Augereau, J. -C., van Boekel, R., Bristow, P., Henning, Th., Hofmann, K. -H., Zins, G., Danchi, W. -C., Delbo, M., Dominik, C., Rosas, V. Gámez, Klarmann, L., Hron, J., Hogerheijde, M. R., Meisenheimer, K., Pantin, E., Paladini, C., Robbe-Dubois, S., Schertl, D., Stee, P., Waters, R., Lehmitz, M., Bettonvil, F., Heininger, M., Woillez, J., Wolf, S., Yoffe, G., Szabados, L., Chiavassa, A., Borgniet, S., Breuval, L., Javanmardi, B., Ábrahám, P., Abadie, S., Abuter, R., Accardo, M., Adler, T., Agócs, T., Alonso, J., Antonelli, P., Böhm, A., Bailet, C., Bazin, G., Beckmann, U., Beltran, J., Boland, W., Bourget, P., Brast, R., Bresson, Y., Burtscher, L., Buter, R., Castillo, R., Chelli, A., Cid, C., Clausse, J. -M., Connot, C., Conzelmann, R. D., De Haan, M., Ebert, M., Elswijk, E., Fantei, Y., Frahm, R., Gabasch, A., Garces, E., Girard, P., Glazenborg, A., Gonté, F. Y. J., Herrera, J. C. González, Graser, U., Guajardo, P., Guitton, F., Hanenburg, H., Haubois, X., Hubin, N., Huerta, R., Idserda, J., Ives, D., Jakob, G., Jaskó, A., Jochum, L., Klein, R., Kragt, J., Kroes, G., Kuindersma, S., Labadie, L., Laun, W., Poole, R. Le, Leinert, C., Lizon, J. -L., Lopez, M., Marcotto, A., Mauclert, N., Maurer, T., Mehrgan, L. H., Meisner, J., Meixner, K., Mellein, M., Mohr, L., Morel, S., Mosoni, L., Navarro, R., Neumann, U., Nußbaum, E., Pallanca, L., Pasquini, L., Percheron, I., Duc, T. Phan, Pott, J. -U., Pozna, E., Ridinger, A., Rigal, F., Riquelme, M., Rivinius, Th., Roelfsema, R., Rohloff, R. -R., Rousseau, S., Schuhler, N., Schuil, M., Shabun, K., Soulain, A., Stephan, C., ter Horst, R., Tromp, N., Vakili, F., van Duin, A., Venema, L. B., Vinther, J., Wittkowski, M., and Wrhel, F. more...

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

The nature of circumstellar envelopes (CSE) around Cepheids is still a matter of debate. The physical origin of their infrared (IR) excess could be either a shell of ionized gas, or a dust envelope, or both. This study aims at constraining the geometry and the IR excess of the environment of the long-period Cepheid $\ell$ Car (P=35.5 days) at mid-IR wavelengths to understand its physical nature. We first use photometric observations in various bands and Spitzer Space Telescope spectroscopy to constrain the IR excess of $\ell$ Car. Then, we analyze the VLTI/MATISSE measurements at a specific phase of observation, in order to determine the flux contribution, the size and shape of the environment of the star in the L band. We finally test the hypothesis of a shell of ionized gas in order to model the IR excess. We report the first detection in the L band of a centro-symmetric extended emission around l Car, of about 1.7$R_\star$ in FWHM, producing an excess of about 7.0\% in this band. In the N band, there is no clear evidence for dust emission from VLTI/MATISSE correlated flux and Spitzer data. On the other side, the modeled shell of ionized gas implies a more compact CSE ($1.13\pm0.02\,R_\star$) and fainter (IR excess of 1\% in the L band). We provide new evidences for a compact CSE of $\ell$ Car and we demonstrate the capabilities of VLTI/MATISSE for determining common properties of CSEs. While the compact CSE of $\ell$ Car is probably of gaseous nature, the tested model of a shell of ionized gas is not able to simultaneously reproduce the IR excess and the interferometric observations. Further Galactic Cepheids observations with VLTI/MATISSE are necessary for determining the properties of CSEs, which may also depend on both the pulsation period and the evolutionary state of the stars., Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, accepted in Astronomy and Astrophysics more...

Published
2021
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4. The asymmetric inner disk of the Herbig Ae star HD 163296 in the eyes of VLTI/MATISSE: evidence for a vortex?

Author

Varga, J., Hogerheijde, M., van Boekel, R., Klarmann, L., Petrov, R., Waters, L. B. F. M., Lagarde, S., Pantin, E., Berio, Ph., Weigelt, G., Robbe-Dubois, S., Lopez, B., Millour, F., Augereau, J. -C., Meheut, H., Meilland, A., Henning, Th., Jaffe, W., Bettonvil, F., Bristow, P., Hofmann, K. -H., Matter, A., Zins, G., Wolf, S., Allouche, F., Donnan, F., Schertl, D., Dominik, C., Heininger, M., Lehmitz, M., Cruzalèbes, P., Glindemann, A., Meisenheimer, K., Paladini, C., Schöller, M., Woillez, J., Venema, L., Kokoulina, E., Yoffe, G., Ábrahám, P., Abadie, S., Abuter, R., Accardo, M., Adler, T., Agócs, T., Antonelli, P., Böhm, A., Bailet, C., Bazin, G., Beckmann, U., Beltran, J., Boland, W., Bourget, P., Brast, R., Bresson, Y., Burtscher, L., Castillo, R., Chelli, A., Cid, C., Clausse, J. -M., Connot, C., Conzelmann, R. D., Danchi, W. -C., De Haan, M., Delbo, M., Ebert, M., Elswijk, E., Fantei, Y., Frahm, R., Rosas, V. Gámez, Gabasch, A., Gallenne, A., Garces, E., Girard, P., Gonté, F. Y. J., Herrera, J. C. González, Graser, U., Guajardo, P., Guitton, F., Haubois, X., Hron, J., Hubin, N., Huerta, R., Isbell, J. W., Ives, D., Jakob, G., Jaskó, A., Jochum, L., Klein, R., Kragt, J., Kroes, G., Kuindersma, S., Labadie, L., Laun, W., Poole, R. Le, Leinert, C., Lizon, J. -L., Lopez, M., Mérand, A., Marcotto, A., Mauclert, N., Maurer, T., Mehrgan, L. H., Meisner, J., Meixner, K., Mellein, M., Mohr, L., Morel, S., Mosoni, L., Navarro, R., Neumann, U., Nußbaum, E., Pallanca, L., Pasquini, L., Percheron, I., Pott, J. -U., Pozna, E., Ridinger, A., Rigal, F., Riquelme, M., Rivinius, Th., Roelfsema, R., Rohloff, R. -R., Rousseau, S., Schuhler, N., Schuil, M., Soulain, A., Stee, P., Stephan, C., ter Horst, R., Tromp, N., Vakili, F., van Duin, A., Vinther, J., Wittkowski, M., and Wrhel, F. more...

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Context. The inner few au region of planet-forming disks is a complex environment. High angular resolution observations have a key role in understanding the disk structure and the dynamical processes at work. Aims. In this study we aim to characterize the mid-infrared brightness distribution of the inner disk of the young intermediate-mass star HD 163296, from VLTI/MATISSE observations. Methods. We use geometric models to fit the data. Our models include a smoothed ring, a flat disk with inner cavity, and a 2D Gaussian. The models can account for disk inclination and for azimuthal asymmetries as well. We also perform numerical hydro-dynamical simulations of the inner edge of the disk. Results. Our modeling reveals a significant brightness asymmetry in the L-band disk emission. The brightness maximum of the asymmetry is located at the NW part of the disk image, nearly at the position angle of the semimajor axis. The surface brightness ratio in the azimuthal variation is $3.5 \pm 0.2$. Comparing our result on the location of the asymmetry with other interferometric measurements, we confirm that the morphology of the $r<0.3$ au disk region is time-variable. We propose that this asymmetric structure, located in or near the inner rim of the dusty disk, orbits the star. For the physical origin of the asymmetry, we tested a hypothesis where a vortex is created by Rossby wave instability, and we find that a unique large scale vortex may be compatible with our data. The half-light radius of the L-band emitting region is $0.33\pm 0.01$ au, the inclination is ${52^\circ}^{+5^\circ}_{-7^\circ}$, and the position angle is $143^\circ \pm 3^\circ$. Our models predict that a non-negligible fraction of the L-band disk emission originates inside the dust sublimation radius for $\mu$m-sized grains. Refractory grains or large ($\gtrsim 10\ \mu$m-sized) grains could be the origin for this emission., Comment: accepted for publication in A&A more...

Published
2020
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5. SPHERE / ZIMPOL high resolution polarimetric imager. I. System overview, PSF parameters, coronagraphy, and polarimetry

Author

Schmid, H. M., Bazzon, A., Roelfsema, R., Mouillet, D., Milli, J., Menard, F., Gisler, D., Hunziker, S., Pragt, J., Dominik, C., Boccaletti, A., Ginski, C., Abe, L., Antoniucci, S., Avenhaus, H., Baruffolo, A., Baudoz, P., Beuzit, J. L., Carbillet, M., Chauvin, G., Claudi, R., Costille, A., Daban, J. B., de Haan, M., Desidera, S., Dohlen, K., Downing, M., Elswijk, E., Engler, N., Feldt, M., Fusco, T., Girard, J. H., Gratton, R., Hanenburg, H., Henning, Th., Hubin, N., Joos, F., Kasper, M., Keller, C. U., Langlois, M., Lagadec, E., Martinez, P., Mulder, E., Pavlov, A., Podio, L., Puget, P., Quanz, S., Rigal, F., Salasnich, B., Sauvage, J. F., Schuil, M., Siebenmorgen, R., Sissa, E., Snik, F., Suarez, M., Thalmann, Ch., Turatto, M., Udry, S., van Duin, A., van Holstein, R., Vigan, A., and Wildi, F. more...

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

We describe the Zurich Imaging Polarimeter (ZIMPOL), the visual focal plane subsystem of the SPHERE "VLT planet finder", which pushes the limits of current AO systems to shorter wavelengths, higher spatial resolution, and much improved polarimetric performance. We provide new benchmarks for the performance of high contrast instruments, in particular for polarimetric differential imaging. We have analyzed SPHERE/ZIMPOL point spread functions and measure the peak surface brightness, the encircled energy, and the full width half maximum (FWHM) for different wavelengths, atmospheric conditions, star brightness, and instrument modes. Coronagraphic images are described and analized and the performance for different coronagraphs is compared with tests for the binary alpha Hyi with a separation of 92 mas and a contrast of 6 mag. For the polarimetric mode we made the instrument calibrations using zero polarization and high polarization standard stars and here we give a recipe for the absolute calibration of polarimetric data. The data show a small <1 mas but disturbing differential polarimetric beam shifts, which can be explained as Goos-H\"ahnchen shifts from the inclined mirrors, and we discuss how to correct this effect. The polarimetric sensitivity is investigated with non-coronagraphic and deep, coronagraphic observations of the dust scattering around the symbiotic Mira variable R Aqr. SPHERE/ZIMPOL achieves imaging performances in the visual range with unprecedented characteristics, in particular very high spatial resolution and very high polarimetric contrast. This instrument opens up many new research opportunities for the detailed investigation of circumstellar dust, in scattered and therefore polarized light, for the investigation of faint companions, and for the mapping of circumstellar Halpha emission., Comment: 38 pages with 33 figurs, accepted for publication in Astron. Astrophys more...

Published
2018
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6. An overview of the mid-infrared spectro-interferometer MATISSE: science, concept, and current status

Author

Matter, A., Lopez, B., Antonelli, P., Lehmitz, M., Bettonvil, F., Beckmann, U., Lagarde, S., Jaffe, W., Petrov, R. G., Berio, P., Millour, F., Robbe-Dubois, S., Glindemann, A., Bristow, P., Schoeller, M., Lanz, T., Henning, T., Weigelt, G., Heininger, M., Morel, S., Cruzalebes, P., Meisenheimer, K., Hofferbert, R., Wolf, S., Bresson, Y., Agocs, T., Allouche, F., Augereau, J. -C., Avila, G., Bailet, C., Behrend, J., Van Belle, G., Berger, J. -P., van Boekel, R., Bourget, P., Brast, R., Clausse, J. -M., Connot, C., Conzelmann, R., Csepany, G., Danchi, W. C., Delbo, M., Dominik, C., van Duin, A., Elswijk, E., Fantei, Y., Finger, G., Gabasch, A., Gonté, F., Graser, U., Guitton, F., Guniat, S., De Haan, M., Haguenauer, P., Hanenburg, H., Hofmann, K. -H., Hogerheijde, M., ter Horst, R., Hron, J., Hummel, C., Isderda, J., Ives, D., Jakob, G., Jasko, A., Jolley, P., Kiraly, S., Kragt, J., Kroener, T., Kroes, G., Kuindersma, S., Labadie, L., Laun, W., Leinert, C., Lizon, J. -L., Lucuix, C., Marcotto, A., Martinache, F., Martinot-Lagarde, G., Mauclert, N., Mehrgan, L., Meilland, A., Mellein, M., Menardi, S., Merand, A., Neumann, U., Nussbaum, E., Ottogalli, S., Palsa, R., Panduro, J., Pantin, E., Percheron, I., Duc, T. Phan, Pott, J. -U., Pozna, E., Roelfsema, R., Rupprecht, G., Schertl, D., Schmidt, C., Schuil, M., Spang, A., stegmeier, J., Tromp, N., Vakili, F., Vannier, M., Wagner, K., Venema, L., and Woillez, J. more...

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

MATISSE is the second-generation mid-infrared spectrograph and imager for the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) at Paranal. This new interferometric instrument will allow significant advances by opening new avenues in various fundamental research fields: studying the planet-forming region of disks around young stellar objects, understanding the surface structures and mass loss phenomena affecting evolved stars, and probing the environments of black holes in active galactic nuclei. As a first breakthrough, MATISSE will enlarge the spectral domain of current optical interferometers by offering the L and M bands in addition to the N band. This will open a wide wavelength domain, ranging from 2.8 to 13 um, exploring angular scales as small as 3 mas (L band) / 10 mas (N band). As a second breakthrough, MATISSE will allow mid-infrared imaging - closure-phase aperture-synthesis imaging - with up to four Unit Telescopes (UT) or Auxiliary Telescopes (AT) of the VLTI. Moreover, MATISSE will offer a spectral resolution range from R ~ 30 to R ~ 5000. Here, we present one of the main science objectives, the study of protoplanetary disks, that has driven the instrument design and motivated several VLTI upgrades (GRA4MAT and NAOMI). We introduce the physical concept of MATISSE including a description of the signal on the detectors and an evaluation of the expected performances. We also discuss the current status of the MATISSE instrument, which is entering its testing phase, and the foreseen schedule for the next two years that will lead to the first light at Paranal., Comment: SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation conference, June 2016, 11 pages, 6 Figures more...

Published
2016
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7. The BlackGEM Telescope Array. I. Overview

Author

Groot, P. J., Bloemen, S., Vreeswijk, P. M., Roestel, J. C. J. van, Jonker, P. G., Nelemans, G., Klein-Wolt, M., Lepoole, R., Pieterse, D. L. A., Rodenhuis, M., Boland, W., Haverkorn, M., Aerts, C., Bakker, R., Balster, H., Bekema, M., Dijkstra, E., Dolron, P., Elswijk, E., Elteren, A. van, Engels, A., Fokker, M., Haan, M. de, Hahn, F., Horst, R. ter, Lesman, D., Kragt, J., Morren, J., Nillissen, H., Pessemier, W., Raskin, G., Rijke, A. de, Scheers, L. H. A., Schuil, M., Timmer, S. T., Amaral, L. Antunes, Arancibia-Rojas, E., Arcavi, I., Blagorodnova, N., Biswas, S., Breton, R. P., Dawson, H., Dayal, P., Wet, S. De, Duffy, C., Faris, S., Fausnaugh, M., Gal-Yam, A., Geier, S., Horesh, A., Johnston, C., Katusiime, G., Kelley, C., Kosakowski, A., Kupfer, T., Leloudas, G., Levan, A., Modiano, D., Mogawana, O., Munday, J., Paice, J., Patat, F., Pelisoli, I., Ramsay, G., Ranaivomanana, P. T., Ruiz-Carmona, R., Schaffenroth, V., Scaringi, S., Stoppa, F., Street, R., Tranin, H., Uzundag, M., Valenti, S., Veresvarska, M., Vuc̆ković, M., Wichern, H. C. I., Wijers, R. A. M. J., Wijnands, R. A. D., Zimmerman, E., Groot, P. J., Bloemen, S., Vreeswijk, P. M., Roestel, J. C. J. van, Jonker, P. G., Nelemans, G., Klein-Wolt, M., Lepoole, R., Pieterse, D. L. A., Rodenhuis, M., Boland, W., Haverkorn, M., Aerts, C., Bakker, R., Balster, H., Bekema, M., Dijkstra, E., Dolron, P., Elswijk, E., Elteren, A. van, Engels, A., Fokker, M., Haan, M. de, Hahn, F., Horst, R. ter, Lesman, D., Kragt, J., Morren, J., Nillissen, H., Pessemier, W., Raskin, G., Rijke, A. de, Scheers, L. H. A., Schuil, M., Timmer, S. T., Amaral, L. Antunes, Arancibia-Rojas, E., Arcavi, I., Blagorodnova, N., Biswas, S., Breton, R. P., Dawson, H., Dayal, P., Wet, S. De, Duffy, C., Faris, S., Fausnaugh, M., Gal-Yam, A., Geier, S., Horesh, A., Johnston, C., Katusiime, G., Kelley, C., Kosakowski, A., Kupfer, T., Leloudas, G., Levan, A., Modiano, D., Mogawana, O., Munday, J., Paice, J., Patat, F., Pelisoli, I., Ramsay, G., Ranaivomanana, P. T., Ruiz-Carmona, R., Schaffenroth, V., Scaringi, S., Stoppa, F., Street, R., Tranin, H., Uzundag, M., Valenti, S., Veresvarska, M., Vuc̆ković, M., Wichern, H. C. I., Wijers, R. A. M. J., Wijnands, R. A. D., and Zimmerman, E. more...

Abstract

The main science aim of the BlackGEM array is to detect optical counterparts to gravitational wave mergers. Additionally, the array will perform a set of synoptic surveys to detect Local Universe transients and short timescale variability in stars and binaries, as well as a six-filter all-sky survey down to ∼22nd mag. The BlackGEM Phase-I array consists of three optical wide-field unit telescopes. Each unit uses an f/5.5 modified Dall-Kirkham (Harmer-Wynne) design with a triplet corrector lens, and a 65 cm primary mirror, coupled with a 110Mpix CCD detector, that provides an instantaneous field-of-view of 2.7 square degrees, sampled at 0.″564 pixel−1. The total field-of-view for the array is 8.2 square degrees. Each telescope is equipped with a six-slot filter wheel containing an optimised Sloan set (BG-u, BG-g, BG-r, BG-i, BG-z) and a wider-band 440–720 nm (BG-q) filter. Each unit telescope is independent from the others. Cloud-based data processing is done in real time, and includes a transient-detection routine as well as a full-source optimal-photometry module. BlackGEM has been installed at the ESO La Silla observatory as of 2019 October. After a prolonged COVID-19 hiatus, science operations started on 2023 April 1 and will run for five years. Aside from its core scientific program, BlackGEM will give rise to a multitude of additional science cases in multi-colour time-domain astronomy, to the benefit of a variety of topics in astrophysics, such as infant supernovae, luminous red novae, asteroseismology of post-main-sequence objects, (ultracompact) binary stars, and the relation between gravitational wave counterparts and other classes of transients. more...

Published
2024

8. X-shooter, the new wide band intermediate resolution spectrograph at the ESO Very Large Telescope

Author

Vernet, Joel, Dekker, H., D'Odorico, S., Kaper, L., Kjaergaard, P., Hammer, F., Randich, S., Zerbi, F., Groot, P. M., Hjorth, J., Guinouard, I., Navarro, R., Adolfse, T., Albers, P. W., Amans, J. -P., Andersen, J. J., Andersen, M. I., Binetruy, P., Bristow, P., Castillo, R., Chemla, F., Christensen, L., Conconi, P., Conzelmann, R., Dam, J., De Caprio, V., Postigo, A. De Ugarte, Delabre, B., Di Marcantonio, P., Downing, M., Elswijk, E., Finger, G., Fischer, G., Flores, H., Francois, P., Goldoni, P., Guglielmi, L., Haigron, R., Hanenburg, H., Hendriks, I., Horrobin, M., Horville, D., Jessen, N. C., Kerber, F., Kern, L., Kiekebusch, M., Kleszcz, P., Klougart, J., Kragt, J., Larsen, H. H., Lizon, J. -L., Lucuix, C., Mainieri, V., Manuputy, R., Martayan, C., Mason, E., Mazzoleni, R., Michaelsen, N., Modigliani, A., Moehler, S., Møller, P., Sørensen, A. Norup, Nørregaard, P., Peroux, C., Patat, F., Pena, E., Pragt, J., Reinero, C., Riga, F., Riva, M., Roelfsema, R., Royer, F., Sacco, G., Santin, P., Schoenmaker, T., Spano, P., Sweers, E., Ter Horst, R., Tintori, M., Tromp, N., van Dael, P., van der Vliet, H., Venema, L., Vidali, M., Vinther, J., Vola, P., Winters, R., Wistisen, D., Wulterkens, G., and Zacchei, A. more...

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

X-shooter is the first 2nd generation instrument of the ESO Very Large Telescope(VLT). It is a very efficient, single-target, intermediate-resolution spectrograph that was installed at the Cassegrain focus of UT2 in 2009. The instrument covers, in a single exposure, the spectral range from 300 to 2500 nm. It is designed to maximize the sensitivity in this spectral range through dichroic splitting in three arms with optimized optics, coatings, dispersive elements and detectors. It operates at intermediate spectral resolution (R~4,000 - 17,000, depending on wavelength and slit width) with fixed echelle spectral format (prism cross-dispersers) in the three arms. It includes a 1.8"x4" Integral Field Unit as an alternative to the 11" long slits. A dedicated data reduction package delivers fully calibrated two-dimensional and extracted spectra over the full wavelength range. We describe the main characteristics of the instrument and present its performance as measured during commissioning, science verification and the first months of science operations., Comment: accepted for publication in A&A more...

Published
2011
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10. BlackGEM: the wide-field multi-band optical telescope array

Author

Marshall, H.K., Groot, P.J., Bloemen, S., Vreeswijk, P.M., Jonker, P.G., Pieterse, D.L.A., Engels, Arno, Bakker, Roy, Michiels, J., Hahn, F., Raskin, G., Morren, J., Navarro, R., Elswijk, E., Horst, R, Schuil, M., Kragt, J., Lesman, D., Haan, M. de, Bekema, M., Haan, R. den, Klein-Wolt, M., Blagorodnova, N., Johnston, C.C., Poole, R. Le, Marshall, H.K., Groot, P.J., Bloemen, S., Vreeswijk, P.M., Jonker, P.G., Pieterse, D.L.A., Engels, Arno, Bakker, Roy, Michiels, J., Hahn, F., Raskin, G., Morren, J., Navarro, R., Elswijk, E., Horst, R, Schuil, M., Kragt, J., Lesman, D., Haan, M. de, Bekema, M., Haan, R. den, Klein-Wolt, M., Blagorodnova, N., Johnston, C.C., and Poole, R. Le more...

Abstract

Ground-based and Airborne Telescopes IX, Item does not contain fulltext

Published
2022

11. BlackGEM: the wide-field multi-band optical telescope array

Author

Groot, P.J., Bloemen, S., Vreeswijk, P.M., Jonker, P.G., Pieterse, D., Engels, A., Michiels, J., Bakker, R., Hahn, F., Raskin, G., Morren, J., Navarro, R., Elswijk, E., ter Horst, R., Schuil, M., Kragt, J., Lesman, D., Haan, M. de, Bekema, M., Haan, R. de, Klein-Wolt, M., Blagorodnova, N., Johnston, C., Le Poole, R., Marshall, H.K., Spyromilio, J., Usuda, T., Marshall, H.K., Marshall, H.K., Spyromilio, J., and Usuda, T. more...

Subjects
Astronomy
Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext Ground-based and Airborne Telescopes IX

Published
2022

12. Mid-infrared circumstellar emission of the long-period Cepheid ℓ Carinae resolved with VLTI/MATISSE

Author

Hocdé, V., primary, Nardetto, N., additional, Matter, A., additional, Lagadec, E., additional, Mérand, A., additional, Cruzalèbes, P., additional, Meilland, A., additional, Millour, F., additional, Lopez, B., additional, Berio, P., additional, Weigelt, G., additional, Petrov, R., additional, Isbell, J. W., additional, Jaffe, W., additional, Kervella, P., additional, Glindemann, A., additional, Schöller, M., additional, Allouche, F., additional, Gallenne, A., additional, Domiciano de Souza, A., additional, Niccolini, G., additional, Kokoulina, E., additional, Varga, J., additional, Lagarde, S., additional, Augereau, J.-C., additional, van Boekel, R., additional, Bristow, P., additional, Henning, Th., additional, Hofmann, K.-H., additional, Zins, G., additional, Danchi, W.-C., additional, Delbo, M., additional, Dominik, C., additional, Gámez Rosas, V., additional, Klarmann, L., additional, Hron, J., additional, Hogerheijde, M. R., additional, Meisenheimer, K., additional, Pantin, E., additional, Paladini, C., additional, Robbe-Dubois, S., additional, Schertl, D., additional, Stee, P., additional, Waters, R., additional, Lehmitz, M., additional, Bettonvil, F., additional, Heininger, M., additional, Woillez, J., additional, Wolf, S., additional, Yoffe, G., additional, Szabados, L., additional, Chiavassa, A., additional, Borgniet, S., additional, Breuval, L., additional, Javanmardi, B., additional, Ábrahám, P., additional, Abadie, S., additional, Abuter, R., additional, Accardo, M., additional, Adler, T., additional, Agócs, T., additional, Alonso, J., additional, Antonelli, P., additional, Böhm, A., additional, Bailet, C., additional, Bazin, G., additional, Beckmann, U., additional, Beltran, J., additional, Boland, W., additional, Bourget, P., additional, Brast, R., additional, Bresson, Y., additional, Burtscher, L., additional, Buter, R., additional, Castillo, R., additional, Chelli, A., additional, Cid, C., additional, Clausse, J.-M., additional, Connot, C., additional, Conzelmann, R. D., additional, De Haan, M., additional, Ebert, M., additional, Elswijk, E., additional, Fantei, Y., additional, Frahm, R., additional, Gabasch, A., additional, Garces, E., additional, Girard, P., additional, Glazenborg, A., additional, Gonté, F. Y. J., additional, González Herrera, J. C., additional, Graser, U., additional, Guajardo, P., additional, Guitton, F., additional, Hanenburg, H., additional, Haubois, X., additional, Hubin, N., additional, Huerta, R., additional, Idserda, J., additional, Ives, D., additional, Jakob, G., additional, Jaskó, A., additional, Jochum, L., additional, Klein, R., additional, Kragt, J., additional, Kroes, G., additional, Kuindersma, S., additional, Labadie, L., additional, Laun, W., additional, Le Poole, R., additional, Leinert, C., additional, Lizon, J.-L., additional, Lopez, M., additional, Marcotto, A., additional, Mauclert, N., additional, Maurer, T., additional, Mehrgan, L. H., additional, Meisner, J., additional, Meixner, K., additional, Mellein, M., additional, Mohr, L., additional, Morel, S., additional, Mosoni, L., additional, Navarro, R., additional, Neumann, U., additional, Nußbaum, E., additional, Pallanca, L., additional, Pasquini, L., additional, Percheron, I., additional, Phan Duc, T., additional, Pott, J.-U., additional, Pozna, E., additional, Ridinger, A., additional, Rigal, F., additional, Riquelme, M., additional, Rivinius, Th., additional, Roelfsema, R., additional, Rohloff, R.-R., additional, Rousseau, S., additional, Schuhler, N., additional, Schuil, M., additional, Shabun, K., additional, Soulain, A., additional, Stephan, C., additional, ter Horst, R., additional, Tromp, N., additional, Vakili, F., additional, van Duin, A., additional, Venema, L. B., additional, Vinther, J., additional, Wittkowski, M., additional, and Wrhel, F., additional more...

Published
2021
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13. The asymmetric inner disk of the Herbig Ae star HD 163296 in the eyes of VLTI/MATISSE: evidence for a vortex?

Author

Varga, J., Hogerheijde, M., van Boekel, R., Klarmann, L., Petrov, R., Waters, L. B. F. M., Lagarde, S., Pantin, E., Berio, Ph, Weigelt, G., Robbe-Dubois, S., Lopez, B., Millour, F., Augereau, J-C, Meheut, H., Meilland, A., Henning, Th, Jaffe, W., Bettonvil, F., Bristow, P., Hofmann, K-H, Matter, A., Zins, G., Wolf, S., Allouche, F., Donnan, F., Schertl, D., Dominik, C., Heininger, M., Lehmitz, M., Cruzalebes, P., Glindemann, A., Meisenheimer, K., Paladini, C., Schoeller, M., Woillez, J., Venema, L., Kokoulina, E., Yoffe, G., Abraham, P., Abadie, S., Abuter, R., Accardo, M., Adler, T., Agocs, T., Antonelli, P., Bohm, A., Bailet, C., Bazin, G., Beckmann, U., Beltran, J., Boland, W., Bourget, P., Brast, R., Bresson, Y., Burtscher, L., Castillo, R., Chelli, A., Cid, C., Clausse, J-M, Connot, C., Conzelmann, R. D., Danchi, W-C, De Haan, M., Delbo, M., Ebert, M., Elswijk, E., Fantei, Y., Frahm, R., Rosas, V. Gamez, Gabasch, A., Gallenne, A., Garces, E., Girard, P., Gonte, F. Y. J., Herrera, J. C. Gonzalez, Graser, U., Guajardo, P., Guitton, F., Haubois, X., Hron, J., Hubin, N., Huerta, R., Isbell, J. W., Ives, D., Jakob, G., Jasko, A., Jochum, L., Klein, R., Kragt, J., Kroes, G., Kuindersma, S., Labadie, L., Laun, W., Le Poole, R., Leinert, C., Lizon, J-L, Lopez, M., Merand, A., Marcotto, A., Mauclert, N., Maurer, T., Mehrgan, L. H., Meisner, J., Meixner, K., Mellein, M., Mohr, L., Morel, S., Mosoni, L., Navarro, R., Neumann, U., Nussbaum, E., Pallanca, L., Pasquini, L., Percheron, I, Pott, J-U, Pozna, E., Ridinger, A., Rigal, F., Riquelme, M., Rivinius, Th, Roelfsema, R., Rohloff, R-R, Rousseau, S., Schuhler, N., Schuil, M., Soulain, A., Stee, P., Stephan, C., ter Horst, R., Tromp, N., Vakili, F., van Duin, A., Vinther, J., Wittkowski, M., Wrhel, F., Varga, J., Hogerheijde, M., van Boekel, R., Klarmann, L., Petrov, R., Waters, L. B. F. M., Lagarde, S., Pantin, E., Berio, Ph, Weigelt, G., Robbe-Dubois, S., Lopez, B., Millour, F., Augereau, J-C, Meheut, H., Meilland, A., Henning, Th, Jaffe, W., Bettonvil, F., Bristow, P., Hofmann, K-H, Matter, A., Zins, G., Wolf, S., Allouche, F., Donnan, F., Schertl, D., Dominik, C., Heininger, M., Lehmitz, M., Cruzalebes, P., Glindemann, A., Meisenheimer, K., Paladini, C., Schoeller, M., Woillez, J., Venema, L., Kokoulina, E., Yoffe, G., Abraham, P., Abadie, S., Abuter, R., Accardo, M., Adler, T., Agocs, T., Antonelli, P., Bohm, A., Bailet, C., Bazin, G., Beckmann, U., Beltran, J., Boland, W., Bourget, P., Brast, R., Bresson, Y., Burtscher, L., Castillo, R., Chelli, A., Cid, C., Clausse, J-M, Connot, C., Conzelmann, R. D., Danchi, W-C, De Haan, M., Delbo, M., Ebert, M., Elswijk, E., Fantei, Y., Frahm, R., Rosas, V. Gamez, Gabasch, A., Gallenne, A., Garces, E., Girard, P., Gonte, F. Y. J., Herrera, J. C. Gonzalez, Graser, U., Guajardo, P., Guitton, F., Haubois, X., Hron, J., Hubin, N., Huerta, R., Isbell, J. W., Ives, D., Jakob, G., Jasko, A., Jochum, L., Klein, R., Kragt, J., Kroes, G., Kuindersma, S., Labadie, L., Laun, W., Le Poole, R., Leinert, C., Lizon, J-L, Lopez, M., Merand, A., Marcotto, A., Mauclert, N., Maurer, T., Mehrgan, L. H., Meisner, J., Meixner, K., Mellein, M., Mohr, L., Morel, S., Mosoni, L., Navarro, R., Neumann, U., Nussbaum, E., Pallanca, L., Pasquini, L., Percheron, I, Pott, J-U, Pozna, E., Ridinger, A., Rigal, F., Riquelme, M., Rivinius, Th, Roelfsema, R., Rohloff, R-R, Rousseau, S., Schuhler, N., Schuil, M., Soulain, A., Stee, P., Stephan, C., ter Horst, R., Tromp, N., Vakili, F., van Duin, A., Vinther, J., Wittkowski, M., and Wrhel, F. more...

Abstract

Context. A complex environment exists in the inner few astronomical units of planet-forming disks. High-angular-resolution observations play a key role in our understanding of the disk structure and the dynamical processes at work.Aims. In this study we aim to characterize the mid-infrared brightness distribution of the inner disk of the young intermediate-mass star HD 163296 from early VLTI/MATISSE observations taken in the L- and N-bands. We put special emphasis on the detection of potential disk asymmetries.Methods. We use simple geometric models to fit the interferometric visibilities and closure phases. Our models include a smoothed ring, a flat disk with an inner cavity, and a 2D Gaussian. The models can account for disk inclination and for azimuthal asymmetries as well. We also perform numerical hydrodynamical simulations of the inner edge of the disk.Results. Our modeling reveals a significant brightness asymmetry in the L-band disk emission. The brightness maximum of the asymmetry is located at the NW part of the disk image, nearly at the position angle of the semimajor axis. The surface brightness ratio in the azimuthal variation is 3.5 +/- 0.2. Comparing our result on the location of the asymmetry with other interferometric measurements, we confirm that the morphology of the r < 0.3 au disk region is time-variable. We propose that this asymmetric structure, located in or near the inner rim of the dusty disk, orbits the star. To find the physical origin of the asymmetry, we tested a hypothesis where a vortex is created by Rossby wave instability, and we find that a unique large-scale vortex may be compatible with our data. The half-light radius of the L-band-emitting region is 0.33 +/- 0.01 au, the inclination is 52 degrees(+5 degrees)(-7 degrees) 52 degrees-7 degrees+5 degrees , and the position angle is 143 degrees +/- 3 degrees. Our models predict that a non-negligible fraction of the L-band disk emission originates inside the dust sublimation radius fo more...

Published
2021

14. Mid-infrared circumstellar emission of the long-period Cepheid l Carinae resolved with VLTI/MATISSE

Author

Hocde, V, Nardetto, N., Matter, A., Lagadec, E., Merand, A., Cruzalebes, P., Meilland, A., Millour, F., Lopez, B., Berio, P., Weigelt, G., Petrov, R., Isbell, J. W., Jaffe, W., Kervella, P., Glindemann, A., Scholler, M., Allouche, F., Gallenne, A., de Souza, A. Domiciano, Niccolini, G., Kokoulina, E., Varga, J., Lagarde, S., Augereau, J-C, van Boekel, R., Bristow, P., Henning, Th, Hofmann, K-H, Zins, G., Danchi, W-C, Delbo, M., Dominik, C., Rosas, V. Gamez, Klarmann, L., Hron, J., Hogerheijde, M. R., Meisenheimer, K., Pantin, E., Paladini, C., Robbe-Dubois, S., Schertl, D., Stee, P., Waters, R., Lehmitz, M., Bettonvil, F., Heininger, M., Woillez, J., Wolf, S., Yoffe, G., Szabados, L., Chiavassa, A., Borgniet, S., Breuval, L., Javanmardi, B., Abraham, P., Abadie, S., Abuter, R., Accardo, M., Adler, T., Agocs, T., Alonso, J., Antonelli, P., Bohm, A., Bailet, C., Bazin, G., Beckmann, U., Beltran, J., Boland, W., Bourget, P., Brast, R., Bresson, Y., Burtscher, L., Buter, R., Castillo, R., Chelli, A., Cid, C., Clausse, J-M, Connot, C., Conzelmann, R. D., De Haan, M., Ebert, M., Elswijk, E., Fantei, Y., Frahm, R., Gabasch, A., Garces, E., Girard, P., Glazenborg, A., Gonte, F. Y. J., Herrera, J. C. Gonzalez, Graser, U., Guajardo, P., Guitton, F., Hanenburg, H., Haubois, X., Hubin, N., Huerta, R., Idserda, J., Ives, D., Jakob, G., Jasko, A., Jochum, L., Klein, R., Kragt, J., Kroes, G., Kuindersma, S., Labadie, L., Laun, W., Le Poole, R., Leinert, C., Lizon, J-L, Lopez, M., Marcotto, A., Mauclert, N., Maurer, T., Mehrgan, L. H., Meisner, J., Meixner, K., Mellein, M., Mohr, L., Morel, S., Mosoni, L., Navarro, R., Neumann, U., Nussbaum, E., Pallanca, L., Pasquini, L., Percheron, I, Duc, T. Phan, Pott, J-U, Pozna, E., Ridinger, A., Rigal, F., Riquelme, M., Rivinius, Th, Roelfsema, R., Rohloff, R-R, Rousseau, S., Schuhler, N., Schuil, M., Shabun, K., Soulain, A., Stephan, C., ter Horst, R., Tromp, N., Vakili, F., van Duin, A., Venema, L. B., Vinther, J., Wittkowski, M., Wrhel, F., Hocde, V, Nardetto, N., Matter, A., Lagadec, E., Merand, A., Cruzalebes, P., Meilland, A., Millour, F., Lopez, B., Berio, P., Weigelt, G., Petrov, R., Isbell, J. W., Jaffe, W., Kervella, P., Glindemann, A., Scholler, M., Allouche, F., Gallenne, A., de Souza, A. Domiciano, Niccolini, G., Kokoulina, E., Varga, J., Lagarde, S., Augereau, J-C, van Boekel, R., Bristow, P., Henning, Th, Hofmann, K-H, Zins, G., Danchi, W-C, Delbo, M., Dominik, C., Rosas, V. Gamez, Klarmann, L., Hron, J., Hogerheijde, M. R., Meisenheimer, K., Pantin, E., Paladini, C., Robbe-Dubois, S., Schertl, D., Stee, P., Waters, R., Lehmitz, M., Bettonvil, F., Heininger, M., Woillez, J., Wolf, S., Yoffe, G., Szabados, L., Chiavassa, A., Borgniet, S., Breuval, L., Javanmardi, B., Abraham, P., Abadie, S., Abuter, R., Accardo, M., Adler, T., Agocs, T., Alonso, J., Antonelli, P., Bohm, A., Bailet, C., Bazin, G., Beckmann, U., Beltran, J., Boland, W., Bourget, P., Brast, R., Bresson, Y., Burtscher, L., Buter, R., Castillo, R., Chelli, A., Cid, C., Clausse, J-M, Connot, C., Conzelmann, R. D., De Haan, M., Ebert, M., Elswijk, E., Fantei, Y., Frahm, R., Gabasch, A., Garces, E., Girard, P., Glazenborg, A., Gonte, F. Y. J., Herrera, J. C. Gonzalez, Graser, U., Guajardo, P., Guitton, F., Hanenburg, H., Haubois, X., Hubin, N., Huerta, R., Idserda, J., Ives, D., Jakob, G., Jasko, A., Jochum, L., Klein, R., Kragt, J., Kroes, G., Kuindersma, S., Labadie, L., Laun, W., Le Poole, R., Leinert, C., Lizon, J-L, Lopez, M., Marcotto, A., Mauclert, N., Maurer, T., Mehrgan, L. H., Meisner, J., Meixner, K., Mellein, M., Mohr, L., Morel, S., Mosoni, L., Navarro, R., Neumann, U., Nussbaum, E., Pallanca, L., Pasquini, L., Percheron, I, Duc, T. Phan, Pott, J-U, Pozna, E., Ridinger, A., Rigal, F., Riquelme, M., Rivinius, Th, Roelfsema, R., Rohloff, R-R, Rousseau, S., Schuhler, N., Schuil, M., Shabun, K., Soulain, A., Stephan, C., ter Horst, R., Tromp, N., Vakili, F., van Duin, A., Venema, L. B., Vinther, J., Wittkowski, M., and Wrhel, F. more...

Abstract

Context. The nature of circumstellar envelopes (CSEs) around Cepheids is a matter of ongoing debate. The physical origin of their infrared (IR) excess could be shown to either be made up of a shell of ionized gas, a dust envelope, or a combination of both.Aims. This study is aimed at constraining the geometry and the IR excess of the environment of the bright long-period Cepheid l Car (P = 35.5 days) at mid-IR wavelengths in order to understand its physical nature.Methods. We first used photometric observations in various bands (from the visible domain to the infrared) and Spitzer Space Telescope spectroscopy to constrain the IR excess of l Car. Then we analyzed the VLTI/MATISSE measurements at a specific phase of observation in order to determine the flux contribution as well as the size and shape of the environment of the star in the L band. Finally, we tested the hypothesis of a shell of ionized gas in order to model the IR excess.Results. We report the first detection in the L band of a centro-symmetric extended emission around l Car, of about 1.7 R-star in full width at half maximum, producing an excess of about 7.0% in this band.This latter value is used to calibrate the IR excess found when comparing the photometric observations in various bands and quasi-static atmosphere models. In the N band, there is no clear evidence for dust emission from VLTI/MATISSE correlated flux and Spitzer data. On the other side, the modeled shell of ionized gas implies a more compact CSE (1.13 0.02 R-star) that is also fainter (IR excess of 1% in the L band).Conclusions. We provide new evidence supporting a compact CSE for l Car and we demonstrate the capabilities of VLTI/MATISSE for determining common properties of CSEs. While the compact CSE of l Car is likely to be of a gaseous nature, the tested model of a shell of ionized gas is not able to simultaneously reproduce the IR excess and the interferometric observations. Further Galactic Cepheid observations with VLTI/MATISSE ar more...

Published
2021

15. The asymmetric inner disk of the Herbig Ae star HD 163296 in the eyes of VLTI/MATISSE: evidence for a vortex?

Author

Varga, J., primary, Hogerheijde, M., additional, van Boekel, R., additional, Klarmann, L., additional, Petrov, R., additional, Waters, L. B. F. M., additional, Lagarde, S., additional, Pantin, E., additional, Berio, Ph., additional, Weigelt, G., additional, Robbe-Dubois, S., additional, Lopez, B., additional, Millour, F., additional, Augereau, J.-C., additional, Meheut, H., additional, Meilland, A., additional, Henning, Th., additional, Jaffe, W., additional, Bettonvil, F., additional, Bristow, P., additional, Hofmann, K.-H., additional, Matter, A., additional, Zins, G., additional, Wolf, S., additional, Allouche, F., additional, Donnan, F., additional, Schertl, D., additional, Dominik, C., additional, Heininger, M., additional, Lehmitz, M., additional, Cruzalèbes, P., additional, Glindemann, A., additional, Meisenheimer, K., additional, Paladini, C., additional, Schöller, M., additional, Woillez, J., additional, Venema, L., additional, Kokoulina, E., additional, Yoffe, G., additional, Ábrahám, P., additional, Abadie, S., additional, Abuter, R., additional, Accardo, M., additional, Adler, T., additional, Agócs, T., additional, Antonelli, P., additional, Böhm, A., additional, Bailet, C., additional, Bazin, G., additional, Beckmann, U., additional, Beltran, J., additional, Boland, W., additional, Bourget, P., additional, Brast, R., additional, Bresson, Y., additional, Burtscher, L., additional, Castillo, R., additional, Chelli, A., additional, Cid, C., additional, Clausse, J.-M., additional, Connot, C., additional, Conzelmann, R. D., additional, Danchi, W.-C., additional, De Haan, M., additional, Delbo, M., additional, Ebert, M., additional, Elswijk, E., additional, Fantei, Y., additional, Frahm, R., additional, Gámez Rosas, V., additional, Gabasch, A., additional, Gallenne, A., additional, Garces, E., additional, Girard, P., additional, Gonté, F. Y. J., additional, González Herrera, J. C., additional, Graser, U., additional, Guajardo, P., additional, Guitton, F., additional, Haubois, X., additional, Hron, J., additional, Hubin, N., additional, Huerta, R., additional, Isbell, J. W., additional, Ives, D., additional, Jakob, G., additional, Jaskó, A., additional, Jochum, L., additional, Klein, R., additional, Kragt, J., additional, Kroes, G., additional, Kuindersma, S., additional, Labadie, L., additional, Laun, W., additional, Le Poole, R., additional, Leinert, C., additional, Lizon, J.-L., additional, Lopez, M., additional, Mérand, A., additional, Marcotto, A., additional, Mauclert, N., additional, Maurer, T., additional, Mehrgan, L. H., additional, Meisner, J., additional, Meixner, K., additional, Mellein, M., additional, Mohr, L., additional, Morel, S., additional, Mosoni, L., additional, Navarro, R., additional, Neumann, U., additional, Nußbaum, E., additional, Pallanca, L., additional, Pasquini, L., additional, Percheron, I., additional, Pott, J.-U., additional, Pozna, E., additional, Ridinger, A., additional, Rigal, F., additional, Riquelme, M., additional, Rivinius, Th., additional, Roelfsema, R., additional, Rohloff, R.-R., additional, Rousseau, S., additional, Schuhler, N., additional, Schuil, M., additional, Soulain, A., additional, Stee, P., additional, Stephan, C., additional, ter Horst, R., additional, Tromp, N., additional, Vakili, F., additional, van Duin, A., additional, Vinther, J., additional, Wittkowski, M., additional, and Wrhel, F., additional more...

Published
2021
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18. SPHERE/ZIMPOL high resolution polarimetric imager

Author

Schmid, Hans Martin, Bazzon, Andreas, Roelfsema, Ronald, Mouillet, David, Milli, Julien, Menard, François, Gisler, Daniel, Hunziker, Sandra, Pragt, Johan, Dominik, Carsten, Boccaletti, Anthony, Ginski, Christian, Abe, L., Antoniucci, S., Avenhaus, H., Baruffolo, A., Baudoz, P., Beuzit, J.L., Carbillet, M., Chauvin, G., Claudi, R., Costille, A., Daban, J.B., de Haan, M., Desidera, S., Dohlen, K., Downing, M., Elswijk, E., Engler, N., Feldt, M., Fusco, Thierry, Girard, J., Gratton, R., Hanenburg, H., Henning, T., Hubin, N., Joos, F., Kasper, M., Keller, C., Langlois, M., Lagadec, E., Martinez, P., Mulder, E., PAVLOV, A., Podio, L., Puget, P., Quanz, S., Rigal, F., Salasnich, B., Sauvage, Jean-François, Schuil, M., Siebenmorgen, R., Sissa, E., Snik, F., Suarez, M., Thalmann, C., Turatto, M., Udry, S., van Duin, A., van Holstein, R., Vigan, A., Wildi, F., Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics [ETH Zürich] (IPA), Department of Physics [ETH Zürich] (D-PHYS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)-Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), NOVA Optical Infrared Instrumentation Group, Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Southern Observatory [Santiago] (ESO), European Southern Observatory (ESO), Istituto Ricerche Solari Locarno, Kiepenheuer-Institut für Sonnenphysik (KIS), Astronomical Institute Anton Pannekoek (AI PANNEKOEK), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Chile, DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), Observatoire Astronomique de l'Université de Genève (ObsGE), Université de Genève (UNIGE), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Leiden, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE), DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE) [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES) more...

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], INSTRUMENTATION:POLARIMETERS, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], instrumentation: high angular resolution, instrumentation: detectors, instrumentation: polarimeters, adaptive optics, Instrumentation: high angular resolution, Instrumentation: polarimeters, Instrumentation: detectors, Planetary systems, Circumstellar matter [Instrumentation], instrumentation: adaptive optics, planetary systems, circumstellar matter
Abstract

International audience; Context . The SPHERE “planet finder” is an extreme adaptive optics (AO) instrument for high resolution and high contrast observations at the Very Large Telescope (VLT). We describe the Zurich Imaging Polarimeter (ZIMPOL), the visual focal plane subsystem of SPHERE, which pushes the limits of current AO systems to shorter wavelengths, higher spatial resolution, and much improved polarimetric performance. Aims . We present a detailed characterization of SPHERE/ZIMPOL which should be useful for an optimal planning of observations and for improving the data reduction and calibration. We aim to provide new benchmarks for the performance of high contrast instruments, in particular for polarimetric differential imaging. Methods . We have analyzed SPHERE/ZIMPOL point spread functions (PSFs) and measure the normalized peak surface brightness, the encircled energy, and the full width half maximum (FWHM) for different wavelengths, atmospheric conditions, star brightness, and instrument modes. Coronagraphic images are described and the peak flux attenuation and the off-axis flux transmission are determined. Simultaneous images of the coronagraphic focal plane and the pupil plane are analyzed and the suppression of the diffraction rings by the pupil stop is investigated. We compared the performance at small separation for different coronagraphs with tests for the binary α Hyi with a separation of 92 mas and a contrast of Δ m ≈ 6 m . For the polarimetric mode we made the instrument calibrations using zero polarization and high polarization standard stars and here we give a recipe for the absolute calibration of polarimetric data. The data show small (< 1 mas) but disturbing differential polarimetric beam shifts, which can be explained as Goos-Hähnchen shifts from the inclined mirrors, and we discuss how to correct this effect. The polarimetric sensitivity is investigated with non-coronagraphic and deep, coronagraphic observations of the dust scattering around the symbiotic Mira variable R Aqr. Results . SPHERE/ZIMPOL reaches routinely an angular resolution (FWHM) of 22−28 mas, and a normalized peak surface brightness of SB 0 − m star ≈ −6.5 m arcsec −2 for the V -, R - and I -band. The AO performance is worse for mediocre ≳1.0″ seeing conditions, faint stars m R ≳ 9 m , or in the presence of the “low wind” effect (telescope seeing). The coronagraphs are effective in attenuating the PSF peak by factors of > 100, and the suppression of the diffracted light improves the contrast performance by a factor of approximately two in the separation range 0.06″−0.20″. The polarimetric sensitivity is Δ p < 0.01% and the polarization zero point can be calibrated to better than Δ p ≈ 0.1%. The contrast limits for differential polarimetric imaging for the 400 s I -band data of R Aqr at a separation of ρ = 0.86″ are for the surface brightness contrast SB pol ( ρ )− m star ≈ 8 m arcsec −2 and for the point source contrast m pol ( ρ )− m star ≈ 15 m and much lower limits are achievable with deeper observations. Conclusions . SPHERE/ZIMPOL achieves imaging performances in the visual range with unprecedented characteristics, in particular very high spatial resolution and very high polarimetric contrast. This instrument opens up many new research opportunities for the detailed investigation of circumstellar dust, in scattered and therefore polarized light, for the investigation of faint companions, and for the mapping of circumstellar H α emission. more...

Published
2018
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19. The MICADO first light imager for the ELT: overview and current status

Author

Bryant, Julia J., Motohara, Kentaro, Vernet, Joël R. D., Sturm, E., Davies, R., Alves, J., Clénet, Y., Kotilainen, J., Monna, A., Nicklas, H., Pott, J.-U., Tolstoy, E., Vulcani, B., Achren, J., Annadevara, S., Anwand-Heerwart, H., Arcidiacono, C., Barboza, S., Barl, L., Baudoz, P., Bender, R., Bezawada, N., Biondi, F., Bizenberger, P., Blin, A., Boné, A., Bonifacio, P., Borgo, B., Born, J. van den, Buey, T., Cao, Y., Chapron, F., Chauvin, G., Chemla, F., Cloiseau, K., Cohen, M., Colin, C., Czoske, O., Dette, J.-O., Deysenroth, M., Dijkstra, E., Dreizler, S., Dupuis, O., Egmond, G. van, Eisenhauer, F., Elswijk, E., Emslander, A., Fabricius, M., Fasola, G., Ferreira, F., Förster Schreiber, N., Fontana, A., Gaudemard, J., Gautherot, N., Gendron, E., Gennet, C., Genzel, R., Ghouchou, L., Gillessen, S., Gratadour, D., Grazian, A., Grupp, F., Guieu, S., Gullieuszik, M., Haan, M. de, Hartke, J., Hartl, M., Haussmann, F., Helin, T., Hess, H.-J., Hofferbert, R., Huber, H., Huby, E., Huet, J.-M., Ives, D., Janssen, A., Jaufmann, P., Jilg, T., Jodlbauer, D., Jost, J., Kausch, W., Kellermann, H., Kerber, F., Kravcar, H., Kravchenko, K., Kulcsár, C., Kuncarayakti, H., Kunst, P., Kwast, S., Lang, F., Lange, J., Lapeyrere, V., Le Ruyet, B., Leschinski, K., Locatelli, H., Massari, D., Mattila, S., Mei, S., Merlin, F., Meyer, E., Michel, C., Mohr, L., Montargès, M., Müller, F., Münch, N., Navarro, R., Neumann, U., Neumayer, N., Neumeier, L., Pedichini, F., Pflüger, A., Piazzesi, R., Pinard, L., Porras, J., Portulari, E., Przybilla, N., Rabien, S., Raffard, J., Ragazzoni, R., Ramlau, R., Ramos, J., Ramsay, S., Raynaud, H.-F., Rhode, P., Richter, A., Rix, H.-W., Rodenhuis, M., Rohloff, R.-R., Romp, R., Rousselot, P., Sabha, N., Sassolas, B., Schlichter, J., Schuil, M., Schweitzer, M., Seemann, U., Sevin, A., Simioni, M., Spallek, L., Sönmez, A., Suuronen, J., Taburet, S., Thomas, J., Tisserand, E., Vaccari, P., Valenti, E., Verdoes Kleijn, G., Verdugo, M., Vidal, F., Wagner, R., Wegner, M., Winden, D. van, Witschel, J., Zanella, A., Zeilinger, W., Ziegleder, J., and Ziegler, B. more...

Published
2024
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20. The ZIMPOL high contrast imaging polarimeter for SPHERE: polarimetric high contrast commissioning results

Author

Roelfsema, R., Bazzon, A., Schmid, H.M., Pragt, J., Govaert, A., Gisler, D., Dominik, C., Baruffolo, A., Beuzit, J.-L., Costille, A., Dohlen, K., Downing, M., Elswijk, E., de Haan, M., Hubin, N., Kasper, M., Keller, C., Lizon, J.-L., Mouillet, D., Pavlov, A., Puget, P., Salasnich, B., Sauvage, J.-F., Wildi, F., Marchetti, E., Close, L.M., Véran, J.-P., ITA, FRA, DEU, NLD, and Low Energy Astrophysics (API, FNWI) more...

Subjects
Physics, Background subtraction, business.industry, Polarimetry, Polarimeter, First light, Radius, 01 natural sciences, Exoplanet, law.invention, 010309 optics, Speckle pattern, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, business, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Coronagraph
Abstract

SPHERE (Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet Research) is a second generation VLT instrument aimed at the direct detection of exo-planets. It has received its first light in May 2014. ZIMPOL (Zurich Imaging Polarimeter) is the imaging polarimeter subsystem of the SPHERE instrument. It's capable of both high accuracy and high sensitivity polarimetry but can also be used as a classical imager. It is located behind an extreme AO system and a stellar coronagraph. ZIMPOL operates at visible wavelengths which is best suited to detect the very faint reflected and hence polarized visible light from extra solar planets. During the SPHERE fourth commissioning period (October 2014) we have made deep coronagraphic observations of the bright star alpha Gru (mR = 1.75) to assess the high contrast polarimetric performance of SPHERE-ZIMPOL. We have integrated on the target for a total time of about 45 minutes during the meridian transit in the Very Broad Band filter (600 - 900 nm) with a classical Lyot coronagraph with 3 λ/D radius focal mask. We reduce the data by a combination of Polarized Background subtraction, Polarimetric Differential Imaging (PDI) and Angular Differential Imaging (ADI). We reach contrasts of 10-6 and 10-7 at a radial distances of respectively 7 and 14 lambda/D from the PSF core. At these radial distances we are respectively a factor of 10 and 2 above the photon noise limit. We discuss our results by considering the temporal and spatial speckle behavior close to the PSF core in combination with low order polarimetric aberrations. more...

Published
2016
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21. 3MeerLICHT and BlackGEM: custom-built telescopes to detect faint optical transients

Author

Bloemen, S. (Steven), Groot, P.J. (Paul J.), Woudt, P. (Patrick), Wolt, M.K. (Marc Klein), Mcbride, V. (Vanessa), Nelemans, G. (Gijs), Körding, E. (Elmar), Pretorius, M.L. (Magaretha L.), Roelfsema, R. (Ronald), Bettonvil, F. (Felix), Balster, H. (Harry), Bakker, R. (Roy), Dolron, P. (Peter), Van Elteren, A. (Arjen), Elswijk, E. (Eddy), Engels, A. (Arno), Fender, R.P., Fokker, M. (Marc), Haan, M. (Menno De), Hagoort, K. (Klaas), De Hoog, J. (Jasper), Horst, R.T. (Rik Ter), Van Der Kevie, G. (Giel), Lowski, S.L.K. (Stanis Law Koz), Kragt, J. (Jan), Lech, G. (Grzegorz), Le Poole, R. (Rudolf), Lesman, D. (Dirk), Morren, Johan, Navarro, R. (Ramon), Paalberends, W.-J. (Willem-Jelle), Paterson, Kerry, Laszek, R.P. (Rafal Paw), Pessemier, W. (Wim), Raskin, G. (Gert), Rutten, H. (Harrie), Scheers, Bart, Schuil, M. (Menno), Sybilski, P.W. (Piotr W.), and Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Amsterdam (CWI), The Netherlands more...

Subjects
Blackgem, Optical telescope, Meerlicht, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Synoptic survey, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Gravitational waves
Abstract

We present the MeerLICHT and BlackGEM telescopes, which are wide-field optical telescopes that are currently being built to study transient phenomena, gravitational wave counterparts and variable stars. The telescopes have 65 cm primary mirrors and a 2.7 square degree field-of-view. The MeerLICHT and BlackGEM projects have different science goals, but will use identical telescopes. The first telescope, MeerLICHT, will be commissioned at Sutherland (South Africa) in the first quarter of 2017. It will co-point with MeerKAT to collect optical data commensurate with the radio observations. After careful analysis of MeerLICHT's performance, three telescopes of the same type will be commissioned in La Silla (Chile) in 2018 to form phase I of the BlackGEM array. BlackGEM aims at detecting and characterizing optical counterparts of gravitational wave events detected by Advanced LIGO and Virgo. In this contribution we present an overview of the science goals, the design and the status of the two projects. more...

Published
2016

22. MeerLICHT and BlackGEM: custom-built telescopes to detect faint optical transients

Author

Bloemen, S., Groot, P.J., Woudt, P., Klein Wolt, M., McBride, V., Nelemans, G.A., Körding, E., Pretorius, M.L., Roelfsema, R., Bettonvil, F., Balster, H., Bakker, R, Dolron, P., Elteren, A. van, Elswijk, E., Engels, A., Fender, R., Fokker, M., Haan, M. de, Hagoort, K., Hoog, J. de, Horst, R. van der, Kevie, G. van der, Kozłowski, S., Kragt, J., Lech, G., Poole, R. Le, Lesman, D., Morren, J., Navarro, R., Paalberends, W.-J., Paterson, K., Pawłaszek, R., Pessemier, W., Raskin, G., Rutten, H, Scheers, B., Schuil, M., Sybilski, P.W., Hall, H.J., and Hall, H.J. more...

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Active optics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, LIGO, Optical telescope, law.invention, Telescope, Primary (astronomy), law, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Variable star, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the MeerLICHT and BlackGEM telescopes, which are wide-field optical telescopes that are currently being built to study transient phenomena, gravitational wave counterparts and variable stars. The telescopes have 65 cm primary mirrors and a 2.7 square degree field-of-view. The MeerLICHT and BlackGEM projects have different science goals, but will use identical telescopes. The first telescope, MeerLICHT, will be commissioned at Sutherland (South Africa) in the first quarter of 2017. It will co-point with MeerKAT to collect optical data commensurate with the radio observations. After careful analysis of MeerLICHT's performance, three telescopes of the same type will be commissioned in La Silla (Chile) in 2018 to form phase I of the BlackGEM array. BlackGEM aims at detecting and characterizing optical counterparts of gravitational wave events detected by Advanced LIGO and Virgo. In this contribution we present an overview of the science goals, the design and the status of the two projects. more...

Published
2016

27. MeerLICHT and BlackGEM: custom-built telescopes to detect faint optical transients

Author

Hall, H.J., Bloemen, S., Groot, P.J., Woudt, P., Klein Wolt, M., McBride, V., Nelemans, G.A., Körding, E., Pretorius, M.L., Roelfsema, R., Bettonvil, F., Balster, H., Bakker, R, Dolron, P., Elteren, A. van, Elswijk, E., Engels, A., Fender, R., Fokker, M., Haan, M. de, Hagoort, K., Hoog, J. de, Horst, R. van der, Kevie, G. van der, Kozłowski, S., Kragt, J., Lech, G., Poole, R. Le, Lesman, D., Morren, J., Navarro, R., Paalberends, W.-J., Paterson, K., Pawłaszek, R., Pessemier, W., Raskin, G., Rutten, H, Scheers, B., Schuil, M., Sybilski, P.W., Hall, H.J., Bloemen, S., Groot, P.J., Woudt, P., Klein Wolt, M., McBride, V., Nelemans, G.A., Körding, E., Pretorius, M.L., Roelfsema, R., Bettonvil, F., Balster, H., Bakker, R, Dolron, P., Elteren, A. van, Elswijk, E., Engels, A., Fender, R., Fokker, M., Haan, M. de, Hagoort, K., Hoog, J. de, Horst, R. van der, Kevie, G. van der, Kozłowski, S., Kragt, J., Lech, G., Poole, R. Le, Lesman, D., Morren, J., Navarro, R., Paalberends, W.-J., Paterson, K., Pawłaszek, R., Pessemier, W., Raskin, G., Rutten, H, Scheers, B., Schuil, M., and Sybilski, P.W. more...

Abstract

Ground-based and Airborne Telescopes VI, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, June 26, 2016, Item does not contain fulltext

Published
2016

28. MATISSE: alignment, integration, and test phase first results

Author

Allouche, F., additional, Robbe-Dubois, S., additional, Lagarde, S., additional, Cruzalèbes, P., additional, Antonelli, P., additional, Bresson, Y., additional, Fantei-Caujolle, Y., additional, Marcotto, A., additional, Morel, S., additional, Beckmann, U., additional, Bettonvil, F., additional, Berio, Ph., additional, Heininger, M., additional, Lehmitz, M., additional, Agocs, T., additional, Brast, R., additional, Elswijk, E., additional, Ives, D., additional, Meixner, K., additional, Laun, W., additional, Mellein, M., additional, Neumann, U., additional, Bailet, C., additional, Clausse, J.-M., additional, Matter, A., additional, Meilland, A., additional, Millour, F., additional, Petrov, R. G., additional, Accardo, M., additional, Bristow, P., additional, Frahm, R., additional, Glindemann, A., additional, Gonzáles Herrera, J.-C., additional, Lizon, J.-L., additional, Schöller, M., additional, Graser, U., additional, Jaffe, W., additional, and Lopez, B., additional more...

Published
2016
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29. An overview of the mid-infrared spectro-interferometer MATISSE: science, concept, and current status

Author

Matter, A., additional, Lopez, B., additional, Antonelli, P., additional, Lehmitz, M., additional, Bettonvil, F., additional, Beckmann, U., additional, Lagarde, S., additional, Jaffe, W., additional, Petrov, R., additional, Berio, P., additional, Millour, F., additional, Robbe-Dubois, S., additional, Glindemann, A., additional, Bristow, P., additional, Schoeller, M., additional, Lanz, T., additional, Henning, T., additional, Weigelt, G., additional, Heininger, M., additional, Morel, S., additional, Cruzalebes, P., additional, Meisenheimer, K., additional, Hofferbert, R., additional, Wolf, S., additional, Bresson, Y., additional, Agocs, T., additional, Allouche, F., additional, Augereau, J.-C., additional, Avila, G., additional, Bailet, C., additional, Behrend, J., additional, van Belle, G., additional, Berger, J.-P., additional, van Boekel, R., additional, Bourget, P., additional, Brast, R., additional, Clausse, J.-M., additional, Connot, C., additional, Conzelmann, R., additional, Csepany, G., additional, Danchi, W. C., additional, Delbo, M., additional, Dominik, C., additional, van Duin, A., additional, Elswijk, E., additional, Fantei, Y., additional, Finger, G., additional, Gabasch, A., additional, Gonté, F., additional, Graser, U., additional, Guitton, F., additional, Guniat, S., additional, De Haan, M., additional, Haguenauer, P., additional, Hanenburg, H., additional, Hofmann, K.-H., additional, Hogerheijde, M., additional, ter Horst, R., additional, Hron, J., additional, Hummel, C, additional, Isderda, J., additional, Ives, D., additional, Jakob, G., additional, Jasko, A., additional, Jolley, P., additional, Kiraly, S., additional, Kragt, J., additional, Kroener, T., additional, Kroes, G., additional, Kuindersma, S., additional, Labadie, L., additional, Laun, W., additional, Leinert, C., additional, Lizon, J.-L., additional, Lucuix, C., additional, Marcotto, A., additional, Martinache, F., additional, Martinot-Lagarde, G., additional, Mauclert, N., additional, Mehrgan, L., additional, Meilland, A., additional, Mellein, M., additional, Menardi, S., additional, Merand, A., additional, Neumann, U., additional, Nussbaum, E., additional, Ottogalli, S., additional, Palsa, R., additional, Panduro, J., additional, Pantin, E., additional, Percheron, I., additional, Phan Duc, T., additional, Pott, J.-U., additional, Pozna, E., additional, Roelfsema, R., additional, Rupprecht, G., additional, Schertl, D., additional, Schmidt, C., additional, Schuil, M., additional, Spang, A., additional, Stegmeier, J., additional, Tromp, N., additional, Vakili, F., additional, Vannier, M., additional, Wagner, K., additional, Venema, L., additional, and Woillez, J., additional more...

Published
2016
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31. The ZIMPOL high contrast imaging polarimeter for SPHERE: system test results

Author

Roelfsema, R., Bazzon, A., Schmid, H.M., Pragt, J., Gisler, D., Dominik, C., Baruffolo, A., Beuzit, J.-L., Costille, A., Dohlen, K., Downing, M., Elswijk, E., Haan, M. de, Hubin, N., Kasper, M., Keller, C., Lizon, J.-L., Mouillet, D., Pavlov, A., Puget, P., Salasnich, B., Sauvage, J.-F., Wildi, F., Ramsay, S.K., Low Energy Astrophysics (API, FNWI), and Ramsay, S.K. more...

Subjects
Physics, Research Programm of Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics, business.industry, Astronomy, Polarimetry, Polarimeter, Field of view, First light, 01 natural sciences, Exoplanet, law.invention, 010309 optics, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Angular resolution, business, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Coronagraph, Image resolution
Abstract

SPHERE (Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet Research) is a new instrument for the VLT aimed at the direct detection of exo-planets. It has received its first light in May 2014. ZIMPOL (Zurich Imaging Polarimeter) is the imaging polarimeter subsystem of the SPHERE instrument. It's capable of both high accuracy and high sensitivity polarimetry but can also be used as a classical imager. It is located behind an extreme AO system and a stellar coronagraph. ZIMPOL operates at visible wavelengths (600-900 nm) which is best suited to detect the very faint reflected and hence polarized visible light from extra solar planets. It has an instantaneous Field of View of 3 x 3 arcsec2 (extendable to 8 arcsec diameter) with an angular resolution of 14 mili-arcsec. We discuss the results that are obtained from the full SPHERE-ZIMPOL system testing. In particular the optical, polarimetric and high contrast performance. © (2014) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only. more...

Published
2014

32. Alignment of the SPHERE-ZIMPOL imaging polarimeter

Author

Pragt, J., Roelfsema, R., Gisler, D., Wildi, F., Schmid, H.M., Rigal, F., Elswijk, E., de Haan, M., Bazzon, A., Dohlen, K., Costille, A., Dominik, C., McLean, I.S., Ramsay, S.K., Takami, H., and Low Energy Astrophysics (API, FNWI) more...

Subjects
Physics, business.industry, Polarimetry, Astronomy, Polarimeter, First light, 01 natural sciences, Exoplanet, law.invention, 010309 optics, Astron, Optics, Tilt (optics), law, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, business, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Coronagraph
Abstract

ZIMPOL is the high contrast imaging polarimeter subsystem of the ESO SPHERE instrument. ZIMPOL is dedicated to detect the very faint reflected and hence polarized visible light from extrasolar planets. ZIMPOL is located behind an extreme AO system (SAXO) and a stellar coronagraph. SPHERE is foreseen to have first light at the VLT early 2013. ZIMPOL is currently integrated in the SPHERE system and in testing phase. We describe the alignment strategy and the results of the ZIMPOL system and the related alignment of ZIMPOL into SPHERE by the aid of an alignment unit. The field selecting tip/tilt mirror alignment and it’s requirement for perpendicularity to the two detectors is described. The test setup of the polarimetric components is described. SPHERE is an instrument designed and built by a consortium consisting of IPAG MPIA LAM LESIA Fizeau INAF Observatoire de Genève ETH NOVA ONERA and ASTRON in collaboration with ESO.© (2012) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only. more...

Published
2012

33. Tests of the demodulating CCDs for the SPHERE / ZIMPOL imaging polarimeter

Author

Schmid, H.-M., Downing, M., Roelfsema, R., Bazzon, A., Gisler, D., Pragt, J., Cumani, C., Salasnich, B., Pavlov, A., Baruffolo, A., Beuzit, J.-L., Costille, A., Deiries, S., Dohlen, K., Dominik, C., Elswijk, E., Feldt, M., Kasper, M., Mouillet, D., Thalmann, C., Wildi, F., McLean, I.S., Ramsay, S.K., Takami, H., and Low Energy Astrophysics (API, FNWI) more...

Subjects
Physics, Photon, Linear polarization, business.industry, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Polarimeter, Polarization (waves), 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Optics, Cardinal point, 0103 physical sciences, Demodulation, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, business, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Data reduction
Abstract

The imaging polarimeter ZIMPOL is one of three focal plane instruments of the SPHERE / VLT planet finder. ZIMPOL measures the linear polarization based on a fast modulation – demodulation principle using a charge-shifting technique on a masked CCD for separating the photons with opposite polarization direction. This paper describes the on-chip demodulation and the different detector read-out modes which are implemented for the ZIMPOL polarimeter. Test results are presented which allow an evaluation of the performance of the ZIMPOL CCD detectors. The achievable polarization efficiency is close to expectation and the charge trap correction with the two-phase demodulation mode works well. Other detector effects like bias level variations and read-out patterns can be corrected in the data reduction process. The tests demonstrate that the demodulating CCDs fulfill the requirements for the SPHERE project.© (2012) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only. more...

Published
2012
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34. The ZIMPOL high contrast imaging polarimeter for SPHERE: sub-system test results

Author

Roelfsema, R., Gisler, D., Pragt, J., Schmid, H.M., Bazzon, A., Dominik, C., Baruffolo, A., Beuzit, J.-L., Charton, J., Dohlen, K., Downing, M., Elswijk, E., Feldt, M., de Haan, M., Hubin, N., Kasper, M., Keller, C., Lizon, J.-L., Mouillet, D., Pavlov, A., Puget, P., Rochat, S., Salasnich, B., Steiner, P., Thalmann, C., Waters, R., Wildi, F., Shaklan, S., and Low Energy Astrophysics (API, FNWI) more...

Subjects
010309 optics, Physics, Optics, business.industry, 0103 physical sciences, System testing, Polarimeter, High contrast imaging, business, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 01 natural sciences
Abstract

SPHERE (Spectro-Polarimetric High Contrast Exoplanet Research) is one of the first instruments which aim for the direct detection from extra-solar planets. The instrument will search for direct light from old planets with orbital periods of several months to several years as we know them from our solar system. These are planets which are in or close to the habitable zone. ZIMPOL (Zurich Imaging Polarimeter) is the high contrast imaging polarimeter subsystem of the ESO SPHERE instrument. ZIMPOL is dedicated to detect the very faint reflected and hence polarized visible light from extrasolar planets. The search for reflected light from extra-solar planets is very demanding because the signal decreases rapidly with the orbital separation. For a Jupiter-sized object and a separation of 1 AU the planet/star contrast to be achieved is on the order of 10-8 for a successful detection. This is much more demanding than the direct imaging of young self-luminous planets. ZIMPOL is located behind an extreme AO system (SAXO) and a stellar coronagraph. SPHERE is foreseen to have first light at the VLT at the end of 2012. ZIMPOL is currently in the subsystem testing phase. We describe the results of verification and performance testing done at the NOVA-ASTRON lab. We will give an overview of the system noise performance, the polarimetric accuracy and the high contrast testing. For the high contrast testing we will describe the impact of crucial system parameters on the contrast performance. SPHERE is an instrument designed and built by a consortium consisting of IPAG, MPIA, LAM, LESIA, Fizeau, INAF, Observatoire de Genève, ETH, NOVA, ONERA and ASTRON in collaboration with ESO. more...

Published
2011
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35. Performances of X-shooter, the new wide-band intermediate resolution spectrograph at the VLT

Author

Vernet, J., Dekker, H., D'Odorico, S., Mason, E., Di Marcantonio, P., Downing, M., Elswijk, E., Finger, G., Fischer, G., Kerber, F., Kern, L., Lizon, J.-L., Lucuix, C., Mainieri, V., Modigliani, A., Patat, F., Ramsay, S., Santin, P., Vidali, M., Groot, P., Guinouard, I., Hammer, F., Kaper, L., Kjærgaard-Rasmussen, P., Navarro, R., Randich, S., Zerbi, F., McLean, I.S., Ramsay, S.K., Takami, H., High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI), and Low Energy Astrophysics (API, FNWI) more...

Subjects
Physics, Optics, business.industry, Resolution (electron density), Single shot, Wide band, business, Spectrograph
Abstract

X-shooter is the first second-generation instrument newly commissioned a the VLT. It is a high efficiency single target intermediate resolution spectrograph covering the range 300 - 2500 nm in a single shot. We summarize the main characteristics of the instrument and present its performances as measured during commissioning and the first months of science operations. more...

Published
2010
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36. The ZIMPOL high-contrast imaging polarimeter for SPHERE: design, manufacturing, and testing

Author

Roelfsema, R., Schmid, H.M., Pragt, J., Gisler, D., Waters, R., Bazzon, A., Baruffolo, A., Beuzit, J.-L., Boccaletti, A., Charton, J., Cumani, C., Dohlen, K., Downing, M., Elswijk, E., Feldt, M., Groothuis, C., de Haan, M., Hanenburg, H., Hubin, N., Joos, F., Kasper, M., Keller, C., Kragt, J., Lizon, J.-L., Mouillet, D., Pavlov, A., Rigal, F., Rochat, S., Salasnich, B., Steiner, P., Thalmann, C., Venema, L., Wildi, F., McLean, I.S., Ramsay, S.K., Takami, H., Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Astronomie du LESIA, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, and Low Energy Astrophysics (API, FNWI) more...

Subjects
Physics, business.industry, Integration testing, Polarimetry, Polarimeter, Optical polarization, First light, Polarization (waves), Exoplanet, law.invention, Optics, law, business, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Coronagraph
Abstract

ZIMPOL is the high contrast imaging polarimeter subsystem of the ESO SPHERE instrument. ZIMPOL is dedicated to detect the very faint reflected and hence polarized visible light from extrasolar planets. ZIMPOL is located behind an extreme AO system (SAXO) and a stellar coronagraph. SPHERE is foreseen to have first light at the VLT at the end of 2011. ZIMPOL is currently in the manufacturing, integration and testing phase. We describe the optical, polarimetric, mechanical, thermal and electronic design as well as the design trade offs. Specifically emphasized is the optical quality of the key performance component: the Ferro-electric Liquid Crystal polarization modulator (FLC). Furthermore, we describe the ZIMPOL test setup and the first test results on the achieved polarimetric sensitivity and accuracy. These results will give first indications for the expected overall high contrast system performance. SPHERE is an instrument designed and built by a consortium consisting of LAOG, MPIA, LAM, LESIA, Fizeau, INAF, Observatoire de Geneve, ETH, NOVA, ONERA and ASTRON in collaboration with ESO. more...

Published
2010
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37. The ZIMPOL high contrast imaging polarimeter for SPHERE: system test results

Author

Ramsay, S.K., Roelfsema, R., Bazzon, A., Schmid, H.M., Pragt, J., Gisler, D., Dominik, C., Baruffolo, A., Beuzit, J.-L., Costille, A., Dohlen, K., Downing, M., Elswijk, E., Haan, M. de, Hubin, N., Kasper, M., Keller, C., Lizon, J.-L., Mouillet, D., Pavlov, A., Puget, P., Salasnich, B., Sauvage, J.-F., Wildi, F., Ramsay, S.K., Roelfsema, R., Bazzon, A., Schmid, H.M., Pragt, J., Gisler, D., Dominik, C., Baruffolo, A., Beuzit, J.-L., Costille, A., Dohlen, K., Downing, M., Elswijk, E., Haan, M. de, Hubin, N., Kasper, M., Keller, C., Lizon, J.-L., Mouillet, D., Pavlov, A., Puget, P., Salasnich, B., Sauvage, J.-F., and Wildi, F. more...

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext

Published
2014

38. MATISSE status report and science forecast

Author

Lopez, B., additional, Lagarde, S., additional, Jaffe, W., additional, Petrov, R., additional, Schöller, M., additional, Antonelli, P., additional, Beckman, U., additional, Bério, Ph., additional, Bettonvil, F., additional, Graser, U., additional, Millour, F., additional, Robbe-Dubois, S., additional, Venema, L., additional, Wolf, S., additional, Bristow, P., additional, Glindemann, A., additional, Gonzalez, J.-C., additional, Lanz, Th., additional, Henning, T., additional, Weigelt, G., additional, Agócs, T., additional, Augereau, J.-C., additional, Ávila, G., additional, Bailet, C., additional, Behrend, J., additional, Berger, J.-P., additional, von Boekel, Roy, additional, Bonhomme, S., additional, Bourget, P., additional, Brast, R., additional, Bresson, Y., additional, Clausse, J. M., additional, Chesneau, O., additional, Csépány, G., additional, Connot, C., additional, Crida, A., additional, Danchi, W. C., additional, Delbo, M., additional, Delplancke, F., additional, Dominik, C., additional, Dugué, M., additional, Elswijk, E., additional, Fanteï, Y., additional, Finger, G., additional, Gabasch, A., additional, Girard, P., additional, Girault, V., additional, Gitton, P., additional, Glazenborg, A., additional, Gonté, F., additional, Guitton, F., additional, Guniat, S., additional, De Haan, M., additional, Haguenauer, P., additional, Hanenburg, H., additional, Heininger, M., additional, Hofmann, K.-H., additional, Hogerheijde, M., additional, ter Horst, R., additional, Hron, J., additional, Hughes, Y., additional, Ives, D., additional, Jakob, G., additional, Jaskó, A., additional, Jolley, P., additional, Kragt, J., additional, Köhler, R., additional, Kroener, T., additional, Kroes, G., additional, Labadie, L., additional, Laun, W., additional, Lehmitz, M., additional, Leinert, Ch., additional, Lizon, J. L., additional, Lucuix, Ch., additional, Marcotto, A., additional, Martinache, F., additional, Matter, A., additional, Martinot-Lagarde, G., additional, Mauclert, N., additional, Mehrgan, L., additional, Meilland, A., additional, Mellein, M., additional, Ménardi, S., additional, Menut, J. L., additional, Meisenheimer, K., additional, Morel, S., additional, Mosoni, L., additional, Navarro, R., additional, Neumann, U., additional, Nussbaum, E., additional, Ottogalli, S., additional, Palsa, R., additional, Panduro, J., additional, Pantin, E., additional, Percheron, I., additional, Duc, T. Phan, additional, Pott, J.-U., additional, Pozna, Eszter, additional, Przygodda, F., additional, Richichi, A., additional, Rigal, F., additional, Rupprecht, G., additional, Schertl, D., additional, Stegmeier, J., additional, Thiam, L., additional, Tromp, N., additional, Vannier, M., additional, Vakili, F., additional, van Belle, G., additional, Wagner, K., additional, and Woillez, J., additional more...

Published
2014
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39. Manufacturing, integration, and test results of the MATISSE cold optics bench

Author

Bettonvil, Felix C. M., additional, Kroes, G., additional, Agoćs, T., additional, van Duin, A., additional, Elswijk, E., additional, de Haan, M., additional, ter Horst, R., additional, Kragt, J., additional, Kuindersma, J., additional, Navarro, R., additional, Roelfsema, R., additional, Schuil, M., additional, Tromp, T., additional, Venema, L., additional, van Kessel, F., additional, and Jaskó, A., additional more...

Published
2014
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41. The installation and ongoing commissioning of the MATISSE mid-infrared interferometer at the ESO Very Large Telescope Observatory

Author

Creech-Eakman, Michelle J., Tuthill, Peter G., Mérand, Antoine, Lopez, B., Lagarde, S., Matter, A., Agocs, T., Allouche, F., Antonelli, P., Augereau, J.-C., Bailet, C., Berio, P., Bettonvil, F., Beckmann, U., van Boekel, R., Bresson, Y., Bristow, P., Cruzalebes, P., Delbo, M., Dominik, C., Elswijk, E., Fantei, Y., Glindemann, A., Heininger, M., Hofmann, K.-H., Hogerheijde, M., Hron, J., Jaffe, W., Kroes, G., Laun, W., Lehmitz, M., Meilland, A., Meisenheimer, K., Millour, F., Morel, S., Neumann, U., Pantin, E., Petrov, R. G., Robbe-Dubois, S., Schertl, D., Schoeller, M., Wolf, S., Zins, G., Henning, T., Stee, Ph., and Weigelt, G. more...

Published
2018
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42. X-shooter, the new wide band intermediate resolution spectrograph at the ESO Very Large Telescope

Author

Vernet, J., Dekker, H., D'Odorico, S., Bristow, P., Conzelmann, R., Delabre, B., Downing, M., Finger, G., Fischer, G., Kerber, F., Kern, L., Kiekebusch, M., Lizon, J.-L., Lucuix, C., Mainieri, V., Modigliani, A., Moehler, S., Møller, P., Patat, F., Vinther, J., Kaper, L., Kjaergaard, P., Hjorth, J., Andersen, J.J., Andersen, M.I., De Ugarte Postigo, A., Klougart, J., Larsen, H.H., Michaelsen, N., Norup Sørensen, A., Nørregaard, P., Wistisen, D., Hammer, F., Guinouard, I., Amans, J.-P., Chemla, F., Flores, H., François, P., Haigron, R., Horville, D., Royer, F., Randich, S., Zerbi, F., Conconi, P., Mazzoleni, R., Riva, M., Spano, P., Groot, P.J., Adolfse, T., Albers, P.W., Dam, J., Hendriks, I., Sweers, E., Van Dael, P., Van Der Vliet, H., Winters, R., Wulterkens, G., Navarro, R., Elswijk, E., Hanenburg, H., Kleszcz, P., Kragt, J., Pragt, J., Rigal, F., Roelfsema, R., Schoenmaker, T., Ter Horst, R., Tromp, N., Venema, L., Binetruy, P., Goldoni, P., Guglielmi, L., Castillo, R., Martayan, C., Pena, E., Reinero, C., Christensen, L., De Caprio, V., Di Marcantonio, P., Santin, P., Zacchei, A., Horrobin, M., Jessen, Niels Christian, Manuputy, R., Mason, E., Péroux, C., Vola, P., Sacco, G., Tintori, M., Vidali, M., Vernet, J., Dekker, H., D'Odorico, S., Bristow, P., Conzelmann, R., Delabre, B., Downing, M., Finger, G., Fischer, G., Kerber, F., Kern, L., Kiekebusch, M., Lizon, J.-L., Lucuix, C., Mainieri, V., Modigliani, A., Moehler, S., Møller, P., Patat, F., Vinther, J., Kaper, L., Kjaergaard, P., Hjorth, J., Andersen, J.J., Andersen, M.I., De Ugarte Postigo, A., Klougart, J., Larsen, H.H., Michaelsen, N., Norup Sørensen, A., Nørregaard, P., Wistisen, D., Hammer, F., Guinouard, I., Amans, J.-P., Chemla, F., Flores, H., François, P., Haigron, R., Horville, D., Royer, F., Randich, S., Zerbi, F., Conconi, P., Mazzoleni, R., Riva, M., Spano, P., Groot, P.J., Adolfse, T., Albers, P.W., Dam, J., Hendriks, I., Sweers, E., Van Dael, P., Van Der Vliet, H., Winters, R., Wulterkens, G., Navarro, R., Elswijk, E., Hanenburg, H., Kleszcz, P., Kragt, J., Pragt, J., Rigal, F., Roelfsema, R., Schoenmaker, T., Ter Horst, R., Tromp, N., Venema, L., Binetruy, P., Goldoni, P., Guglielmi, L., Castillo, R., Martayan, C., Pena, E., Reinero, C., Christensen, L., De Caprio, V., Di Marcantonio, P., Santin, P., Zacchei, A., Horrobin, M., Jessen, Niels Christian, Manuputy, R., Mason, E., Péroux, C., Vola, P., Sacco, G., Tintori, M., and Vidali, M. more...

Abstract

X-shooter is the first 2nd generation instrument of the ESO Very Large Telescope (VLT). It is a very efficient, single-target, intermediate-resolution spectrograph that was installed at the Cassegrain focus of UT2 in 2009. The instrument covers, in a single exposure, the spectral range from 300 to 2500 nm. It is designed to maximize the sensitivity in this spectral range through dichroic splitting in three arms with optimized optics, coatings, dispersive elements and detectors. It operates at intermediate spectral resolution (R ∼ 4000-17 000, depending on wavelength and slit width) with fixed échelle spectral format (prism cross-dispersers) in the three arms. It includes a 1.8″ × 4″ integral field unit as an alternative to the 11′′ long slits. A dedicated data reduction package delivers fully calibrated two-dimensional and extracted spectra over the full wavelength range. We describe the main characteristics of the instrument and present its performance as measured during commissioning, science verification and the first months of science operations. © ESO, 2011. more...

Published
2011

43. X-shooter near-IR spectrograph arm realisation

Author

McLean, I.S., Casali, M.M., Navarro, R., Elswijk, E., Tromp, N., Horst, R. ter, Horrobin, M., Vernet, J., Finger, G., Groot, P.J., Kaper, L., McLean, I.S., Casali, M.M., Navarro, R., Elswijk, E., Tromp, N., Horst, R. ter, Horrobin, M., Vernet, J., Finger, G., Groot, P.J., and Kaper, L. more...

Abstract

Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, 15 augustus 2008, Contains fulltext : 72333.pdf ( ) (Open Access)

Published
2008

44. X-shooter near infra-red spectrograph cryogenic design

Author

Angeli, G.Z., Roelfsema, R., Albers, P., Lizon, J.-L., Dael, P. van, Elswijk, E., Groot, P.J., Hanenburg, H., Kragt, J., Navarro, R., Tromp, N., Wulterkens, G., Angeli, G.Z., Roelfsema, R., Albers, P., Lizon, J.-L., Dael, P. van, Elswijk, E., Groot, P.J., Hanenburg, H., Kragt, J., Navarro, R., Tromp, N., and Wulterkens, G. more...

Abstract

SPIE ASTRONOMICAL TELESCOPES + INSTRUMENTATION, Item does not contain fulltext

Published
2008

45. X-shooter near-IR spectrograph arm: design and manufacturing methods

Author

Navarro, R., Elswijk, E., Haan, M. de, Hanenburg, H., Horst, R. ter, Kleszcz, P., Kragt, J., Pragt, J., Rigal, F., Roelfsema, R., Schoenmaker, T., Tromp, N., Venema, L., Groot, P.J., Kaper, L., Navarro, R., Elswijk, E., Haan, M. de, Hanenburg, H., Horst, R. ter, Kleszcz, P., Kragt, J., Pragt, J., Rigal, F., Roelfsema, R., Schoenmaker, T., Tromp, N., Venema, L., Groot, P.J., and Kaper, L. more...

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 34865.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access), X-shooter, the first 2nd generation VLT instrument, is a new high-efficiency echelle spectrograph. X-shooter operates at the Cassegrain focus and covers an exceptionally wide spectral range from 300 to 2500 nm in a single exposure, with an intermediate spectral resolving power R~5000. The instrument consists of a central structure and three prism cross-dispersed echelle spectrographs optimized for the more...

Published
2006

46. Perspective of imaging in the mid-infrared at the Very Large Telescope Interferometer

Author

Lopez, B., primary, Lagarde, S., additional, Antonelli, P., additional, Jaffe, W., additional, Petrov, R., additional, Venema, L., additional, Robbe-Dubois, Sylvie, additional, Bettonvil, F., additional, Berio, P., additional, Navarro, R., additional, Graser, U., additional, Beckman, U., additional, Weigelt, G., additional, Vakili, F., additional, Henning, T., additional, Gonzales, J.-C., additional, Wolf, S., additional, Bailet, C., additional, Behrend, J., additional, Bresson, Y., additional, Chesneau, O., additional, Clausse, J. M., additional, Connot, C., additional, Dugué, M., additional, Fantei, Y., additional, Elswijk, E., additional, Hanenburg, H., additional, Hofmann, K. H., additional, Heininger, M., additional, ter Horst, R., additional, Hron, J., additional, Kragt, J., additional, Tromp, N., additional, Agocs, T., additional, Kroes, G., additional, Laun, W., additional, Leinert, Ch., additional, Lehmitz, M., additional, Matter, A., additional, Menut, J. L., additional, Millour, F., additional, Neumann, U., additional, Nussbaum, E., additional, Ottogalli, S., additional, Pott, J.-U., additional, Rigal, F., additional, Roussel, A., additional, Schertl, D., additional, Vannier, M., additional, Wagner, K., additional, Mellein, M., additional, Kroener, T., additional, Mauclert, N., additional, Girard, P., additional, Lagarde, G. M., additional, Mosoni, L., additional, Jasko, A., additional, Glindemann, A., additional, Phan Duc, T., additional, Finger, G., additional, Ives, D., additional, Jakob, G., additional, Percheron, I., additional, Avila, G., additional, Palsa, R., additional, Pozna, E., additional, Lizon, J. L., additional, Lucuix, Ch., additional, Menardi, S., additional, Haguenauer, P., additional, Gitton, P., additional, Morel, S., additional, Gonté, F., additional, Jolley, P., additional, Rupprecht, G., additional, Bourget, P., additional, Delplancke, F., additional, Mehrgan, L., additional, Stegmeier, J., additional, van Belle, G., additional, Richichi, A., additional, and Moorwood, A., additional more...

Published
2012
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48. X-shooter, the new wide band intermediate resolution spectrograph at the ESO Very Large Telescope

Author

Vernet, J., primary, Dekker, H., additional, D’Odorico, S., additional, Kaper, L., additional, Kjaergaard, P., additional, Hammer, F., additional, Randich, S., additional, Zerbi, F., additional, Groot, P. J., additional, Hjorth, J., additional, Guinouard, I., additional, Navarro, R., additional, Adolfse, T., additional, Albers, P. W., additional, Amans, J.-P., additional, Andersen, J. J., additional, Andersen, M. I., additional, Binetruy, P., additional, Bristow, P., additional, Castillo, R., additional, Chemla, F., additional, Christensen, L., additional, Conconi, P., additional, Conzelmann, R., additional, Dam, J., additional, De Caprio, V., additional, De Ugarte Postigo, A., additional, Delabre, B., additional, Di Marcantonio, P., additional, Downing, M., additional, Elswijk, E., additional, Finger, G., additional, Fischer, G., additional, Flores, H., additional, François, P., additional, Goldoni, P., additional, Guglielmi, L., additional, Haigron, R., additional, Hanenburg, H., additional, Hendriks, I., additional, Horrobin, M., additional, Horville, D., additional, Jessen, N. C., additional, Kerber, F., additional, Kern, L., additional, Kiekebusch, M., additional, Kleszcz, P., additional, Klougart, J., additional, Kragt, J., additional, Larsen, H. H., additional, Lizon, J.-L., additional, Lucuix, C., additional, Mainieri, V., additional, Manuputy, R., additional, Martayan, C., additional, Mason, E., additional, Mazzoleni, R., additional, Michaelsen, N., additional, Modigliani, A., additional, Moehler, S., additional, Møller, P., additional, Norup Sørensen, A., additional, Nørregaard, P., additional, Péroux, C., additional, Patat, F., additional, Pena, E., additional, Pragt, J., additional, Reinero, C., additional, Rigal, F., additional, Riva, M., additional, Roelfsema, R., additional, Royer, F., additional, Sacco, G., additional, Santin, P., additional, Schoenmaker, T., additional, Spano, P., additional, Sweers, E., additional, Ter Horst, R., additional, Tintori, M., additional, Tromp, N., additional, van Dael, P., additional, van der Vliet, H., additional, Venema, L., additional, Vidali, M., additional, Vinther, J., additional, Vola, P., additional, Winters, R., additional, Wistisen, D., additional, Wulterkens, G., additional, and Zacchei, A., additional more...

Published
2011
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49. MATISSE: alignment, integration, and test phase first results

Author

Malbet, Fabien, Creech-Eakman, Michelle J., Tuthill, Peter G., Allouche, F., Robbe-Dubois, S., Lagarde, S., Cruzalèbes, P., Antonelli, P., Bresson, Y., Fantei-Caujolle, Y., Marcotto, A., Morel, S., Beckmann, U., Bettonvil, F., Berio, Ph., Heininger, M., Lehmitz, M., Agocs, T., Brast, R., Elswijk, E., Ives, D., Meixner, K., Laun, W., Mellein, M., Neumann, U., Bailet, C., Clausse, J.-M., Matter, A., Meilland, A., Millour, F., Petrov, R. G., Accardo, M., Bristow, P., Frahm, R., Glindemann, A., Gonzáles Herrera, J.-C., Lizon, J.-L., Schöller, M., Graser, U., Jaffe, W., and Lopez, B. more...

Published
2016
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50. An overview of the mid-infrared spectro-interferometer MATISSE: science, concept, and current status

Author

Malbet, Fabien, Creech-Eakman, Michelle J., Tuthill, Peter G., Matter, A., Lopez, B., Antonelli, P., Lehmitz, M., Bettonvil, F., Beckmann, U., Lagarde, S., Jaffe, W., Petrov, R., Berio, P., Millour, F., Robbe-Dubois, S., Glindemann, A., Bristow, P., Schoeller, M., Lanz, T., Henning, T., Weigelt, G., Heininger, M., Morel, S., Cruzalebes, P., Meisenheimer, K., Hofferbert, R., Wolf, S., Bresson, Y., Agocs, T., Allouche, F., Augereau, J.-C., Avila, G., Bailet, C., Behrend, J., van Belle, G., Berger, J.-P., van Boekel, R., Bourget, P., Brast, R., Clausse, J.-M., Connot, C., Conzelmann, R., Csepany, G., Danchi, W. C., Delbo, M., Dominik, C., van Duin, A., Elswijk, E., Fantei, Y., Finger, G., Gabasch, A., Gonté, F., Graser, U., Guitton, F., Guniat, S., De Haan, M., Haguenauer, P., Hanenburg, H., Hofmann, K.-H., Hogerheijde, M., ter Horst, R., Hron, J., Hummel, C, Isderda, J., Ives, D., Jakob, G., Jasko, A., Jolley, P., Kiraly, S., Kragt, J., Kroener, T., Kroes, G., Kuindersma, S., Labadie, L., Laun, W., Leinert, C., Lizon, J.-L., Lucuix, C., Marcotto, A., Martinache, F., Martinot-Lagarde, G., Mauclert, N., Mehrgan, L., Meilland, A., Mellein, M., Menardi, S., Merand, A., Neumann, U., Nussbaum, E., Ottogalli, S., Palsa, R., Panduro, J., Pantin, E., Percheron, I., Phan Duc, T., Pott, J.-U., Pozna, E., Roelfsema, R., Rupprecht, G., Schertl, D., Schmidt, C., Schuil, M., Spang, A., Stegmeier, J., Tromp, N., Vakili, F., Vannier, M., Wagner, K., Venema, L., and Woillez, J. more...

Published
2016
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