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The surface structure of the hydrogen-saturated Si(110) surfaces after wet cleaning is studied on an atomic scale by using scanning tunneling microscopy. The mechanism underlying the formation of the hydrogen-terminated Si(110) surfaces during wet cleaning processes is obtained from the results.

The intensity flatness and wavefront shape in a coherent hard-x-ray beam totally reflected by flat mirrors that have surface bumps modeled by Gaussian functions were investigated by use of a wave-optical simulation code. Simulated results revealed the necessity for peak-to- valley height accuracy of better than 1 nm at a lateral resolution near 0.1 mm to remove high-contrast interference fringes and appreciable wavefront phase errors. Three mirrors that had different surface qualities were tested at the 1 km-long beam line at the SPring-8/Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute. Interference fringes faded when the surface figure was corrected below the subnanometer level to a spatial resolution close to 0.1 mm, as indicated by the simulated results. OCIS codes: 340.7470, 340.6720, 220.4610, 220.4840, 220.5450.

We performed an open-air-type plasma treatment of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) at atmospheric pressure to increase the adhesion strength between PTFE and an Ag metal film obtained from Ag ink. When PTFE was Ar plasma-treated without H2O addition for 600 s, the coloration of the PTFE surface occurred, and the Ag/PTFE adhesion strength was 0.06 N mm−1. This adhesion strength was the same as that of the as-received PTFE (0.04 N mm−1). When the PTFE was Ar plasma-treated with the H2O addition of ca. 0.1% for 600 s, coloration did not occur, and the Ag/PTFE adhesion strength increased to 1.03 N mm−1. The effects of H2O addition to the Ar plasma on the Ag/PTFE adhesion strength, surface chemical composition, surface morphology, and the surface hardness were investigated and discussed in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heating during plasma treatment, known as heat-assisted plasma treatment, has recently reported to positively affect the adhesion properties of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). In the present study, the adhesion properties of adhesive bonding and adhesive-free adhesion were compared for plasma-treated PTFE with different plasma treatment times and with or without heating during the plasma treatment. The relations among adhesion strength, plasma treatment time, radical density ratio, surface morphology, and surface hardness were investigated. No correlation was found between the adhesion strength and the radical density ratio or between the adhesion strength and the oxygen-containing-functional-group ratio. In contrast, correlation was observed between the adhesion strength and the surface hardness. In addition, the heat-assisted plasma treatment time affected the recovery of the weak boundary layer on the PTFE surface. Adhesive-free adhesion was found to require a longer heat-assisted plasma treatment time than adhesive bonding in order to achieve a high adhesion strength such as 1 N/mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]