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El proceso de retorno del exilio, iniciado después de la caída del poder de Juan Manuel de Rosas en la Confederación Argentina, llevó a una compleja trama de reinserción profesional. Este artículo examina la incorporación de los proscriptos en los cargos asociados a la formación de las instituciones políticas argentinas. Para ello, recurrimos a una base de datos de 891 casos que utilizamos para seguir los recorridos socioprofesionales antes, durante y después de la emigración. En los principales sitios de asilo en Bolivia, Chile y Uruguay, los emigrados integraron las ocupaciones asociadas a la construcción institucional: desde cargos públicos, en el ejército y hasta profesiones liberales como la abogacía y el periodismo. Postulamos el exilio como experiencia fundadora que permitió la adquisición del saber gubernamental necesario para el desarrollo de las instituciones políticas argentinas en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX. Nuestro estudio es un ejemplo de cómo los fenómenos transnacionales jugaron un papel determinante en la formación de los Estados nación contemporáneos.

Las problemáticas de gestión de un patrimonio memorial se basan en parte en la relación entre la memoria individual y la memoria colectiva. No cabe duda de que es urgente salvaguardar, o incluso salvar, la memoria de quienes inscribieron su historia personal en la «Gran Historia». Esto es urgente porque los testimonios y las huellas del pasado corren el riesgo de perderse con el desgaste del tiempo. Respecto a la historia colectiva de quienes se comprometieron en la lucha contra el franquismo, a partir de los años 30, interesa la historia individual de una combatiente llamada María Lozano. Nació en Zaragoza en 1914 y con 15 años se unió en cuerpo y alma al movimiento libertario. En 1936 se afilió al frente de Aragón y participó en la comunidad de Sariñena, donde conoció a su compañero Ángel Mombiola. Como tantos otros, tuvo que abandonar España en 1939 durante la Retirada y el comenzó su largo exilio en Toulouse, donde permaneció toda su vida. María y Ángel Mombiola se unieron a la Resistencia en Francia, pero este último fue detenido por los alemanes y fusilado en 1944. Sin embargo, a pesar de la desaparición de su marido, María no dejó de luchar y siguió comprometida con la causa libertaria hasta el día de su muerte, en 2000. De hecho, María Lozano participó activamente en las acciones de la Federación Ibérica de Juventudes Libertarias, así como en las de la CNT. María fue una de las partidarias, desde el exilio, del Movimiento Ibérico de Liberación. El presente trabajo responde a la voluntad de comprender las trayectorias individuales para entender mejor la historia colectiva del activismo anarquista femenino. Interesa acercarnos a la personalidad, al compromiso y a las acciones de María Lozano. A partir de varias fuentes, principalmente primarias, concretamente, los archivos del Centro de Investigación para la Alternativa Social (CRAS) de Toulouse, que ella ayudó a fundar y los archivos de Sariñena; también documentos personales (los escritos de María Lozano) y entrevistas con quienes la acompañaron. Nos interesa trazar el itinerario del compromiso de María Lozano Mombiola de quien se decía que llevaba la rebeldía en el corazón.

A lo largo de los años sesenta del siglo XX, algunos jóvenes anarquistas españoles del exilio orientan su compromiso antifranquista hacia la lucha armada. La organización de los grupos Defensa Interior y Primero de Mayo, entre otros, marca un signo de ruptura con los cuadros dirigentes del Movimiento Libertario Español, a quienes acusan de inmovilismo e inacción. Además de las divergencias estratégicas, debemos considerar el cambio generacional como un elemento mayor de esta iniciativa de lucha antifranquista. Dos cuestiones son especialmente destacables en la dinámica de estos grupos armados: entre sus activistas y en sus redes de apoyo encontramos un considerable número de mujeres y su carácter es abiertamente transnacional, puesto que los españoles estaban acompañados en este proyecto por algunos de sus jóvenes camaradas de diferente nacionalidad –franceses, ingleses, escoceses o italianos, entre otros. El presente trabajo tiene un doble objetivo. En primer lugar, poner de relieve el papel militante de las mujeres que participaron en la actividad de esos grupos. En ese sentido, el predominio masculino tanto en la acción directa como en la memoria de aquellos debe ser matizado poniendo de relieve la acción de las numerosas mujeres activistas –Ariane Gransac, Brenda Earl, Julia Hermosilla, Alicia Mur o Eliane Vincileone, por citar algunos ejemplos. En segundo lugar, destacar el compromiso militante antifranquista y por la libertad de un grupo de mujeres cuyas vidas –por razones de exilio y/o militancia– están profundamente marcadas, tanto por sus convicciones internacionalistas como por su acción transnacional sobre el terreno y en el día a día de su activismo.

Reseña del libro Morales Benito, L. (2022). La Habana textual. Patafísica y OuLiPo en la obra de Guillermo Cabrera Infante. Bruselas: Peter Lang, 314 pp, IBSN: 9782875744708.

Son pocas las referencias en la filmeografía argentina sobre Malvinas donde los isleños sean el eje de los testimonios. El filme de Federico J. Palma aborda está área de vacancia a partir de los relatos de Alexander Betts, James Peck y Mike Bingham. Los dos primeros son nativos de Malvinas. Y el tercero es de nacionalidad británica y en el documental cuenta su compleja experiencia laboral en Malvinas. Los tres, por diversos motivos, fueron forzados a dejar las islas y trasladarse a la Argentina Continental. Estos tres entrevistados constituyen los tres ejes problemáticos del filme: la disputa sobre la soberanía, la forma en la cual el gobierno de facto de las islas trata a los habitantes con opiniones disidentes sobre la ocupación británica y la pesca indiscriminada que otorga a las autoridades coloniales beneficios económicos, en claro perjuicio del Mar Argentino. Así, el filme permite pensar la construcción de identidades nacionales y las diferentes aristas del ejercicio del colonialismo. El cine activa siempre mecanismos de producción de sentido que buscan imponer un marco interpretativo sobre los sucesos históricos que son narrados. Si bien la disputa por las Islas Malvinas, Islas Sandwich, Islas Georgias y los espacios marítimos circundantes data de principios del siglo XIX, la confrontación bélica de 1982 entre Argentina y el Reino Unido marca un punto de inflexión y emerge como acontecimiento explicativo vital de los derechos sobre el archipiélago para ambas naciones. Muchas de estas memorias audiovisuales son narraciones subalternas que buscan entrar en relación dialéctica con las imperantes narrativas colectivas de sentido. Como escribe Enzo Traverso, “la visibilidad y el reconocimiento de una memoria dependen también de la fuerza de sus portadores” (2011). En este mismo juego, surgen los argumentos de estas historias que buscan otro acercamiento a la complejidad de la Cuestión Malvinas.

Muchas son las coincidencias y también las peculiaridades que confluyen en estas dos extraordinarias producciones que por sí solas merecen nuestra especial atención. Ambos rodajes se iniciaron durante conflictos bélicos, bajo el fragor de los disparos y la explosión de las bombas como fondo del escenario. En ambos casos, y en esto coinciden ambas películas, el fascismo y el nazismo actuaron como telón de fondo y también en su rápida retirada de la cartelera. La película italiana tuvo el gran mérito de haber salvado la vida a varios cientos de personas: judíos, gitanos, antifascistas... La cinta española quedó sepultada en los archivos de la desmemoria del tiempo durante más de medio siglo y lanzó al exilio a varios de sus componentes.

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Traditional psychoanalytic approaches view excessive parental, social or relational involvement in human development as an opportunity for linking complex gender and identity experiences. The analyst's unconscious bias might present them with an opportunity for interpretation that might resemble something akin to conversion therapy. All of which leaves the patient feeling alienated thereby confirming their exiled Self. Early relational trauma affects every gender and sexual identity. In turn each traumatic situation, from inappropriate interference to traumatic abuse, affects how an individual forms and experiences relationships. Gender and sexual identity are fluid agencies of the Self within all human development. For people who are non‐normative when it comes to their gender, identity or sexuality, evidence of early relational trauma should not unthinkingly be treated alongside mental health struggles. This clinical paper explores the once‐weekly analytic work with a young trans man who was exiled and lived in a dysregulated state of mind from his early relational trauma. This paper uses images from the artist Louise Bourgeois to explore the early development of projective identification and to propose that this becomes a way of exiling unwanted feelings into the Other with the hope of finding a place of belonging as if through a psychic umbilical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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José Ingenieros (1877--1925), the Argentine psychiatrist born in Italy, was part of the "cultural coalition of the new liberal state" (Ludmer 35). However, because of his migrant status, he faced a nationalistic elite that did not fully accept him. In 1905, Ingenieros traveled to Europe to participate in the International Congress of Psychology. By analyzing his crónicas de viaje and his correspondence, this essay explores his use of simulation to market himself and rub shoulders with Enrico Ferri and Cesare Lombroso. On this travel, two perspectives come together: the European that sees him as Argentine, and the Argentine that sees him as a migrant. Ingenieros's writing plays with these two perspectives, and in a paradoxical way, embodies the idea that one must be a foreigner to truly be successful in Argentina. This trip is compared to his second: in 1911, Ingenieros closed his doctor's office, self-exiled, and wrote El hombre mediocre (1913), in which he defined the destiny of men of genius as "being absent everywhere" (305). By reading his correspondence and El hombre mediocre, this essay analyzes Ingenieros as the Italian migrant who travels to Europe not simply to return to his lost homeland, but as a Latin American who has been shaped by disappointment. In this second trip, Ingenieros represents, also paradoxically, that being a Latin American means living in the periphery and inhabiting failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The life and work of Claudio de Alas, pseudonym of the Colombian author Jorge Escobar Uribe, is marked by wandering. This essay follows displacement in the poet's life and the repose of death as a pervasive image in his writing. An exploration of the experience of exile in this minor literary figure functions as a counterpoint and comparison with displacement as a central mark of other Spanish American writers in the second half of the nineteenth century. The essay develops a discussion of Alas's form of exile in which coming back to the origin is not a central feature, thus contravening an interpretation of exile as linked to nostos, the mythical theme of the Western classical tradition in which the wanderer strives to arrive favorably, and his story is distilled into a heroic narrative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay examines the geographic imagination of Colombian writer Santiago Pérez Triana (1858--1916) through his travel narrative De Bogotá al Atlántico (1897). A Liberal during the conservative dictatorship of Miguel Antonio Caro, Pérez Triana was forced to flee Bogotá amidst a climate of political persecution: he traveled by river through the scantly populated Llanos of Colombia and Venezuela to evade government detection and escape the country. Pérez Triana lived the rest of his life in exile. This essay argues that Pérez Triana imagines a new plan for economic development and Liberal political resurgence in Colombia, one that depends upon massively developing the rivers to achieve a more complete circulation of people, ideas, and cultural objects throughout the country. Pérez Triana's work recalls earlier Liberal writing about the Magdalena River, which had been imagined as a site of nation-building cultural encounters by Liberal writers of the mid-nineteenth century. In this way, Pérez Triana looks nostalgically on the country he has fled while planning for a return to a Liberal Colombia that could make good use of both its human and natural resources. Pérez Triana's involvement in international politics from exile is also explored, including his later rapprochement with the Colombian government, as well as his influence on British literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the exile of Colombian authors Agripina Samper de Ancízar and Inés Ancízar Samper during the ultraconservative Regeneration movement in Colombia at the end of the 19th century. Their writings reveal political and personal tensions, as well as the struggle for intellectual autonomy and participation in the public sphere, challenging the patriarchal norms of the time. The diary of Inés Ancízar Samper during her exile in Paris between 1883 and 1885 is highlighted, emphasizing her travel experience, her relationship with national and international politics, and her vision of femininity and writing, influenced by her mother, Agripina Samper de Ancízar. [Extracted from the article]

This article analyzes the presence of the exile and memorialist issue in Maruxa Vilalta's short narrative. It focuses on three aspects of her work: the stories "Diferència" and "El meu dia foll" and the collection "El otro día, la muerte". These texts reveal different identity levels that range from post-memory to collective and multidirectional memory. The objective of the article is to highlight Vilalta's literary production in relation to her condition as an exile, an aspect that has been little studied in existing academic analyses about her. [Extracted from the article]

The article analyzes the use of dashes in the poetry of Cristina Peri Rossi and its connection with the poetry of Emily Dickinson. Both authors use dashes as a way to overcome the social limits of their respective exiles and sexual identities, as well as of poetic language. Dashes act as dislocation, a locus of eroticism, and dissent from official reading. They are studied in relation to litotes and as a mechanism to propose alterities, identities, and dissident epistemologies in two modalities of exile. [Extracted from the article]

The article reflects on the Chilean literary scene in exile between 1973 and 1982 and the presence of women writers in that context. During this period, women seem to disappear or dilute their presence, but by examining the material produced at the time, a significant number of women can be found as marginal notes. There is a void that makes it difficult to establish links and continuities between the literature prior to the coup and the proliferation of texts authored by women that emerged from 1983 onwards. The objective of the article is to contribute to filling this void and giving them a place in the historical narrative. [Extracted from the article]

This article analyzes the authorial projection of Venezuelan writer Karina Sainz Borgo through her novel "La hija de la española" and her public statements about it. It is highlighted that the protagonist, Adelaida, presents herself as morally superior to those who oppose her politically. Additionally, it is mentioned that the representation of immigrant characters focuses on highlighting their honesty and bravery. The novel is presented as a political critique of the Venezuelan system and presents two opposing ideologies. The author has been criticized for her ideological stance in the novel, although she herself has stated that she is not seeking to make propaganda. The relationship between the author and the work is also analyzed, as she shares the condition of being an exile with the protagonist and has expressed her personal connection to the context of Venezuela. [Extracted from the article]

This article analyzes the literary criticism of María Dolores Arana during her exile in Mexico. Arana collaborated in various periodical publications, including magazines founded by Spanish exiles, where she wrote critical articles and reviews of literary novelties. Her anti-Franco struggle and modern ideological approach are highlighted. Although her exile was definitive, it is argued that her participation in Papeles de Son Armadans marked her intellectual and authorized return to Spain. [Extracted from the article]

The article analyzes the relationship between exile and identity in Uruguayan poet Cristina Peri Rossi. Her poetry collection "Estado de exilio" is examined, and four moments in her journey are identified: pain, castration, integration, and love. Psychoanalysis is used to interpret these stages, highlighting how exile breaks the rigid structures of the subject. The importance of language and writing as ways to overcome the pain of exile is mentioned. The article concludes by emphasizing the possibility of reinventing identity through exile. [Extracted from the article]

The article analyzes the work of Cristina Peri Rossi from a perspective of poetic drift, highlighting the influence of exile on her work and the presence of literary figures related to the sea and travel. The relationship between exile, nostalgia, and writing is explored, suggesting the idea that exile can be seen as a form of reconquest and the search for a new dwelling. The importance of memory in exile is mentioned, and how nostalgia transforms the time of loss into an evocative time. The article also analyzes the novel "La nave de los locos" as a metaphor for exile, and highlights the character of Equis as a representative of exiled subjectivity and identity instability. [Extracted from the article]

The article analyzes the narrative of Argentine writer Tununa Mercado and her relationship with exile. It focuses on her autobiographical texts about uprooting and examines their connection with time and space in exile. It highlights the importance of Mercado's writing as a female voice in the context of exile and mentions her books "En estado de memoria" (In a State of Memory), "La letra de lo mínimo" (The Letter of the Minimum), and "Narrar después" (Narrating Afterwards). The article also addresses the importance of memory and how exile affects the sense of belonging and the spatial and temporal continuity of individuals. It emphasizes the feeling of suspended time during exile and the difficulty of establishing roots in a new place. The text also analyzes the relationship between Mercado's writing and her experience of exile in Mexico, as well as the influence of Mexican culture on her perception of the world. It mentions the importance of minimal details in her writing and how they emerge after a process of incubation. Additionally, it highlights the importance of the everyday in her narrative as a form of subjective reconstitution. The article also raises the question of whether returning to the territory allowed for a re-rooting and the possibility of recovering roots, but points out that the return does not always meet expectations of closing the gaps and restoring pre-exile relationships. It emphasizes the difficulty of return and the feeling of foreignness experienced by exiles when returning to their country. Mercado's narrative reflects this process of return and nostalgia for what was left behind. Overall, the article analyzes the relationship between Mercado's writing and her experience of exile, highlighting the importance of writing as a way to reconstitute oneself and make sense of the experience of uprooting. [Extracted from the article]

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Copyright of Revista Crítica de Relaciones de Trabajo, Laborum is the property of Ediciones Laborum S.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La tematización de la persecución de la militancia política y del mundo de la cultura, los efectos del genocidio y la lucha del movimiento de Derechos Humanos, fueron una constante del catálogo de la editorial Libros de Tierra Firme, de José Luis Mangieri (1924-2008). En el presente artículo nos proponemos rastrear y analizar algunas representaciones, que sobre la experiencia entonces reciente del exilio, configuró la poesía argentina en la década de los 80. Para ello realizaremos un recorrido por tres poemarios que se relacionaron con el proyecto de la colección Todos Bailan (1983-2008): Datos para la biografía de un hombre (1983), de Chiche Diamanario; Blues de muertevida (1984), de Jorge Ariel Madrazo, y Cortar por lo sano (1987), de Juan Octavio Prenz. Uno de los ejes primordiales del plan de edición radicó en la publicación, de manera diferida, de textos producidos y en algunos casos publicados durante el exilio de los autores.

Este artículo tiene tres ejes fundamentales: 1) Esbozar una reflexión teórica sobre una posible “literatura del exilio” como género, a partir de distinguir sus definiciones, particularidades conceptuales y principales tipologías. 2) Presentar al escritor mexicano Victoriano Salado Álvarez como un “autor del exilio”, paradójicamente atado a fuertes vínculos de nacionalidad. 3) Narrar su experiencia en el exilio centroamericano durante la Revolución mexicana, y a la vez mostrar su legado en la cultura, las costumbres y, especialmente, en la historia política de esa región, con la convicción de ver en este autor a un notable centroamericanista, veta tan fascinante como poco estudiada no sólo en su extensa obra, sino en la historia de la literatura mexicana.

María Zambrano and Octavio Paz began publishing each other’s writings since they met at the Second International Congress of Anti-Fascist Writers in 1937 in Valencia. With respect to their continued collaborations in Mexico, France, and Spain, the scarcity of comparative studies of the two authors is surprising. Essays like ‘Filosofía y poesía’ (1939), ‘La destrucción de las formas’ (1944) and ‘Poema y sistema’ (1944) by Zambrano show a clear repercussion in the essayistic and poetic work of Paz, also beyond his books El arco y la lira (1956) and Los hijos del limo (1972/1974). Some of the most obvious parallel aspects between the two oeuvres are the description of analogies, the metaphors of masks, the observations of a dialectic between opposites, and the quest for a lost unity. With the re-readings of the aforementioned essays, I propose to portray the underestimated influence of the philosopher in the work of the poet.

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Copyright of Papeles del CEIC is the property of Centro de Estudios sobra la Identidad Colectiva, Facultas de Ciencias Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of CiberLetras is the property of Lehman College, City University of New York, Dept. of Languages & Literatures and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this article is to analyse Elena Garro's poetry compiled in Cristales de tiempo (2008) from a hermeneutical point of view. For biographical reasons, the Mexican author's lyrical production has been relegated to a second line within the 20th century Latin American poetics. For this reason, in this paper we examine some of her most significant poems, highlighting her adherence to a surrealist aesthetic in which the lyrical voice finds no possible refuge other than escape to other realities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many of the networks created among women in Latin America in the early 20th century were significant for the development of feminisms in countries in the region. This article examines the links between the Peruvian María Jesús Alvarado Rivera and Argentinean women involved in female emancipation struggles, and their effects during Alvarado's exile in Argentina (1925-1936). From a theoretical-methodological point of view, we begin with the concept of social network, encompassing various forms of connection between social actors. The study analyzes how links forged through a common interest in the feminist struggle impacted the personal trajectory of María Jesús Alvarado. This study also provides an opportunity to view material from the personal archives of María Jesús Alvarado Rivera, with restricted, limited access, held by the Flora Tristán Peruvian Women's Center in Lima. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A comparative analysis of the cases of Teresa de Ávila and Francisca de los Apóstoles reveals the limitations of rhetorical strategies as an effective defense of the legitimacy of visionary women. Despite the fact that both Francisca and Teresa used similar rhetorical devices, and that both were religious reformers who experienced supernatural phenomena, Francisca was tried, imprisoned, and condemned by the Inquisition. Her story contrasts sharply with Teresa's rapid canonization. This study suggests that sociohistorical factors such as networks of allies in positions of power, collaboration with confessors, geographical location, and social status contribute to explaining the divergent fates of these two women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Itinerarios (1507-7241) is the property of University of Warsaw and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Este artigo investiga o tema do exílio no romance Lillias Fraser (2001), de Hélia Correia, analisando como o exílio influencia a perda de identidade da protagonista e como ela resgata sua subjetividade durante a jornada. Os temas de identidade e subjetividade femininas serão examinados à luz da teoria feminista dos sujeitos nômades, de Rosi Braidotti, em Nomadic Subjects (1994). A análise sugere que Lillias Fraser vivencia diversas formas de exílio e é forçada a assumir diferentes identidades para sobreviver. Ao fugir de seu país de origem, Lillias é submetida ao exílio como perda da terra natal, necessitando refugiar-se em outros países. Por nunca poder retornar, suas andanças nunca cessam. No fim, ela se torna a mulher nômade proposta na teoria de Braidotti (1994), pois sua subjetividade só pode ser desenvolvida por meio de suas múltiplas identidades e errâncias. Assim, sua identidade não é perdida, mas está em constante transformação.

Este trabalho tem como proposta contribuir para os estudos sobre os deslocamentos de populações e/ou indivíduos que, no último século, sofreram com políticas nacionais de restrição de direitos. Susanne Eisenberg foi perseguida pelo governo fascista na Alemanha e chegou ao Brasil em 1941, como um dos refugiados do chamado Grupo Gorgen. Em seu exílio, fundou uma livraria e atuou como mediadora entre círculos de intelectuais latino-americanos e europeus. Como parte de seu trabalho, reuniu um relevante acervo bibliográfico que está localizado no Arquivo do Exílio Alemão em Frankfurt Am Main. A constituição desse acervo será analisada por meio de escritos memorialísticos deixados por Susanne Eisenberg.

Presentación de cinco estudios sobre el fracaso en la América española, entre los siglos XVII y XIX. Dos de ellos se enfocan a espacios fronterizos, mientras que otros tres realizan estudios comparativos y uno analiza las conexiones económicas entre los virreinatos peruano y novohispano. En los trabajos se examinan procesos de colonización, conflictos de frontera, intentos de reformas administrativas, búsqueda de articulaciones económicas y políticas desde el exilio en territorios situados en lo que hoy es Perú, Colombia, Estados Unidos, México y Guatemala.

En 1829 inició el primer exilio federal centroamericano con dirección a México. Se trató de un contingente de burócratas, militares, eclesiásticos y comerciantes que encabezaron el proyecto político centralista en el istmo. Salieron a causa de su derrota en la primera guerra federal (1826-1829). Este artículo analiza cómo ese éxodo político entrañó varias caras del fracaso político de dicho grupo. Se aborda su infructuosa campaña militar para retomar el poder en 1832, las vicisitudes adversas para medrar en la política y los negocios en México, así como el destino de sus principales líderes durante el exilio.

El presente trabajo es fruto de una investigación con fuentes primarias, consistentes en entrevistas orales hechas por la investigadora a descendientes de personas refugiadas de la Guerra Civil española y a jóvenes y niños que viajaron en el barco Winnipeg, desde Francia hasta Chile en agosto de 1939, después de pasar largas temporadas en campos de concentración franceses. La historia de este exilio a Chile se reconstruye en la voz de algunos hijos de estos refugiados que combatieron cuarenta años más tarde y de distintas maneras contra la dictadura de Pinochet en Chile y “volvieron a volver” a España.

Este trabajo analiza los rasgos emocionales de los primeros pasos del proceso exílico de José Gómez Ibáñez a través del estudio de su itinerario personal y profesional en los EE. UU. y de las expectativas, reacciones y actitudes que su decisión de permanecer fuera de España generó en su familia. Lo que para José fue un primer viaje de estudios en 1936, se convirtió enseguida en la puerta desde la que afrontar una nueva vida que permitiera ponerse a salvo de las embestidas de la guerra y posteriormente del franquismo. La familia, constituida y operante como comunidad emocional, trabó su relación en torno a los sucesos que vivían, observando qué decisiones, implicación y posibilidades de solución describía y ofrecía José desde América. Desde la perspectiva de la historia cultural de las emociones, nos es posible analizar, en este episodio familiar, los dilemas, dramas, incomprensiones y resignaciones que la guerra provocó.

El artículo analiza la trayectoria académica, proyección nacional e internacional de Ricardo Nassif entre 1948 y 1984. Por un lado, estudiamos su participación en proyectos y programas de formación docente en el país y en el extranjero, desde su graduación en 1948 hasta 1975. Por otro, la experiencia del exilio obligado a partir de 1975 hasta su muerte en 1984, interpretando su circulación y producción académica en ese contexto de restricciones y posibilidades. El análisis se basa en fuentes documentales y en testimonios y documentos de archivos personales. Nuestro trabajo se suma a las iniciativas que ponen en el centro las trayectorias y circulaciones de actores en el estudio de la producción de ideas en el campo de la educación. También, aporta a la descripción de las experiencias exiliares conosureñas, que significaron interrupciones y reinvenciones profesionales, destierros obligados, vidas profesionales y personales interrumpidas, atravesadas por el desarraigo, las pérdidas y el dolor.

Reseña de Miguel Rupérez Pascual: Pereyra, C. y Reyes, A. (2021). Senderos que se bifurcan. Cartas 1914-1933. Edición y estudio introductorio de Aurora Díez-Canedo. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. 216 pp. ISBN: 9786073041645.