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OB Removal operation-production activities at the research location in March 2024 were not achieved with OB Removal production results amounting to 660,961.56 bcm from the plan of 926,738.17 bcm. There are seven fleets operated in this activity, grouped based on heavy equipment size, namely two small fleets in Fleets 1 and 2, and five medium fleets in Fleets 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7. This research aims to analyze the productivity and utilization of each fleet which causes OB Removal production to not be achieved. The research results stated that the productivity of Fleet 1: 189.77 bcm/hour, UAOB: 26.74%, EUOB: 24.82%; Fleet 2 productivity: 198.58 bcm/hour, UAOB: 6.43%, EUOB: 5.87%; Fleet 3productivity: 405.19 bcm/hour, UAOB: 37.29%, EUOB: 36.64%; Fleet 4productivity: 401.04 bcm/hour, UAOB: 45.12%, EUOB: 43.06%; Fleet 5 productivity: 427.49 bcm/hour, UAOB: 31.02%, EUOB: 30.97%; Fleet 6 productivity: 392.93 bcm/hour, UAOB: 30.93%, EUOB: 30.79%; and productivity of Fleet 7: 426.69 bcm/hour, UAOB: 44.41%, EUOB: 42.46%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Systems Engineering & Electronics is the property of Journal of Systems Engineering & Electronics Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article studies the development of Soviet and Russian marine civilian diesel icebreakers. The history of their commissioning is analyzed and the main points of their service in the North are investigated. The Soviet and Russian stages of their construction and operation, which were approximately equal in duration, were compared. The author’s diagram of this development is made. The absolute dominance of Finnish shipbuilding in the process of construction of diesel marine civil domestic icebreakers has been revealed. The reasons of transition to icebreaker building in Russia, the main problems in this direction of development are found. The values of diesel civilian icebreaker fleet necessary for effective operation of navigation in the North are determined. The existing prospects and needs for the development of diesel civil icebreaking fleet in Russia are formulated. The key tactical and technical data of sea diesel icebreakers are compared. The author’s diagram shows the outstripping growth of ice-carrying capacity with simultaneous decrease of specific power of diesel icebreakers. A brief analysis of the main events in the history of each particular icebreaker is carried out, and a set of 10 main directions of application of diesel civil icebreakers of Russia in the North is summarized. A kind of rating of these directions has been compiled, among which some very rare ones have appeared.

The article presents the dynamics of freight cars production by domestic enterprises by years. The necessity of renewal of the domestic operating fleet of freight cars.The following main vectors of design improvement have been identified based on the results of putting new and modified freight car models into production: use of high-strength steels in load-bearing structural elements and innovative components; improving existing and creating fundamentally new bearing structures; the most efficient use of space; development of freight cars with an axle load of 25 tonnes; creation of multifunctional structures; increasing the structural strength of long-base flat cars; application of the latest assembly and welding technologies. The following main vectors for improving the design of cars have been identified based on the results of a analysis of scientific and applied research, in addition to the above: the use of new materials; development of six-axle articulated wagons with an axle load of 23.5 tonnes and 25 tonnes; development of railcars using new generation bogies and components; achieving a uniform load on the supporting structure; design of flat cars for transporting containers in two tiers; development of new cars for intermodal, interoperable and combined transport.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) applications are extended extremely. Some applications need to use several UAVs for a general mission which can be considered a UAV fleet. One of the important characteristics for the evaluation of a UAV or UAV fleet is reliability. There are studies in which methods for analysis of their reliability are considered. Reliability analysis of UAV fleets is less frequently studied, although a single UAV cannot be performed in many applications and requires the involvement of multiple UAVs. Typically, this analysis is based on evaluating two states as operational/functioning and faulting. This paper proposes a new method to calculate the availability of a UAV fleet as one of the reliability characteristics. Unlike well-known UAV fleet analysis approaches, in this paper, the availability is studied based on a mathematical model of a Multi-State System (MSS). MSS allows us to examine more than two states (operational and faulty) of the system, so this analysis is more detailed. In this paper, based on MSS, the analysis of various topologies of UAV fleets is implemented. This mathematical model is used for the analysis and evaluation of topologies of homogeneous and heterogeneous UAV fleets, which can be irredundant or redundant hot stable systems. The interpretations of different topologies of fleets as typical structures of MSS (series, parallel, $k$ -out-of- $n$ ) are considered. New mathematical definitions of the availability of UAV fleets of different topologies based on MSS structure function are proposed. These definitions allowed us to consider the influence of the number of UAVs on the UAV fleet availability and compare the availabilities of considered topologies of fleets.

Transport efficiency cannot be imagined outside of strategic management – an aspect to which universities, part of the „triple helix” model, pay close attention. As the complexity of public organizations has increased and mobility has become a key issue for their efficiency, several universities in Romania have developed their own fleets to meet the needs of moving people or delivering goods. Based on data collected through a series of interviews, this article proposes a comparative analysis of some aspects of the strategic management of the car fleets of the Babeș-Bolyai University, the West University of Timișoara and the Technical University of Cluj-Napoca. The results indicate that the fleets tend to be more efficient the newer the vehicles are, i.e. not older than 10 years. The paper also underlines the fact that fleet efficiency can only be achieved through a regular analysis of the factors that generate additional costs and their elimination as part of a broader strategic management strategy.

This scientific article studies the development of nuclear icebreakers, the history of their commissioning and service; the growth of nuclear icebreaker capacity is investigated. The Soviet and Russian stages of their history have been compared. A diagram of this development was constructed. Key tactical and technical data of nuclear icebreakers are compared; their proportionality and similarity are proved. The prospects of the nuclear icebreaker fleet development are investigated. The growth of cargo turnover along the Northern Sea Route in 1933–2022 is analyzed and systematized. The development of nuclear icebreakers is compared with the growth of cargo turnover along the Northern Sea Route, their interdependence is proved; the diagram of this interdependence is constructed. The reasons for the influence of both the development of the human economy and political events in and around Russia on the changes in the grouping of nuclear icebreakers are revealed. It is identified that the volumes of transportations along the Northern Sea Route in the 21st century are many times higher than in the Soviet era, largely due to the growth of the quality and quantity of the nuclear icebreaker fleet. The reasons for the reduction of the nuclear icebreaker fleet at the beginning of the 21st century under the influence of the general temporary reduction of cargo flows along the Northern Sea Route are shown. Maximum small and optimal sizes of nuclear icebreakers grouping for effective operation of the Northern Sea Route are specified.

Smart charging is a means of monitoring and actively controlling EV chargers to optimize the distribution and consumption of energy with a focus on peak-load avoidance. This paper describes the most important requirements that have influenced the design and implementation of the "Smart Charging System" (SCS). It presents the architecture and main functional building blocks of the SCS, which have been realized in an iterative development process as an extension component of the already existing open-source solution "Open e-Mobility". We also provide details on the functionality of the core smart charging algorithm within SCS and show how various data sources can be utilized by the system to increase the safety and efficiency of EV charging processes. Furthermore, we describe our iterative approach to developing the system, introduce the real-world testbed at SAP Labs France in Mougins/France, and share evaluation results and experiences gathered over a three-year period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyzes the features of the development of civil aviation in the Arab East with an emphasis on the beginning of the current century, as the most important period in the life of the Arab nations, on the one hand the time when they suffered huge losses as a result of the global financial crisis, the drama of the Arab Spring, the wars on terrorism, the pandemic and other circumstances, and on the other — t he time when they managed to accumulate colossal oil revenues, which were invested in economic construction and especially in infrastructure, including its aviation part. The article is built around a description of the contrasts between Arabian oil exporters and the Arab outsiders, whose difference in growth potentials is exacerbated by the pitfalls and traps of the so-called catch-up development. This model a priori puts weak facilities at a disadvantage, since less wealthy countries experience the greatest difficulties in overcoming problems and challenges across the entire range of socio-economic development topics compared to those that form the basis of infrastructure construction, including the aviation services industry. The article emphasizes that the reduction of the gap in terms of the maturity of transport and logistics connectivity in the region, along with other advances and developments in the field of transport arrangement of the Middle East and North African economic space, could potentially in the future create conditions for a more representative presence of the Arab nations in the system of world economic ties, and at the shorter-range stages of growth it will more fully ensure the current and ongoing tasks and objectives of regional intersectoral and intra-economic connectivity in the interests of integration.

The article examines some of the operation results of Russian cargo transport obtained over nine years after the announcement of economic sanctions against Russian individuals and legal entities. It is noted that their imposition reflects complete noncompliance with WTO principles, in particular, the provisions of GATT and GATS, and the WTO's disengagement from its direct responsibilities. By the middle of 2022, the volume of cargo traffic had recovered, and in early 2023, Russian transport volume has markedly increased. The considerations presented in this material are based on official Rosstat data investigated by methods of analysis, synthesis, and comparison. A conclusion about the available and sufficient carrying capacity of land transport and a shortage of sea and river merchant tonnage under the Russian flag is made. The largest infrastructure projects implemented in the period up to 2025 are presented. The conclusions formulated by the author in his previous works on this topic are confirmed in this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under increasing pressure to decarbonize, in order to stay compliant and competitive, transportation industry is actively looking for the right next steps and actions. The main challenge is to become greener in an effective way that ensures the business performance. Technology and digital solutions, from electrification to artificial intelligence, help to accelerate the transition towards sustainability. However, they currently come with a significant share of risks mainly due to the still weak infrastructure and the unprepared workforce which could generate an inefficacious usage of digital technologies. In this complex environment and lacking reliable data and benchmark to guide their next moves, the fleets have to make their decisions concerning suppliers, partners or tools. While the direction is clear, it’s critical now for the transportation players to speed up into the execution of decarbonization. This will allow them to take business advantages as early movers, and to deal on the way with operational aspects in order to secure their productivity. Starting from the today’s landscape of the industry, this article highlights the outputs of existing researches, aiming to provide a structured frame of the key inquiries and to identify possible paths for fleets, on their journey towards sustainability

Convenience store chains are many people's top choice for dining and leisure and have logistics procedures that involve each store receiving multiple deliveries because of the varying delivery periods and suitable temperatures for different goods. The estimated arrival time for each delivery has a huge impact on the route arrangement and convenience store preparation for dispatchers to schedule future deliveries. This study collected global positioning system travel data from a fleet of one of the top convenience store chains in Taiwan between April 2021 and March 2022 and proposed machine learning to establish a model to predict travel times. For unavailable data, we proposed the nonlinear regression equation to fill in the missing GPS data. Moreover, the study used the data between April 2022 and September 2022 with mean absolute percentage error to validate the prediction effects exceeding 97%. Therefore, the proposed model based on historical data and the machine learning algorithm in this study can help logistics fleets estimate accurate travel times for their scheduling of future delivery tasks and arranging routes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drones, or UAVs, are developed very intensively. There are many effective applications of drones for problems of monitoring, searching, detection, communication, delivery, and transportation of cargo in various sectors of the economy. The reliability of drones in the resolution of these problems should play a principal role. Therefore, studies encompassing reliability analysis of drones and swarms (fleets) of drones are important. As shown in this paper, the analysis of drone reliability and its components is considered in studies often. Reliability analysis of drone swarms is investigated less often, despite the fact that many applications cannot be performed by a single drone and require the involvement of several drones. In this paper, a systematic review of the reliability analysis of drone swarms is proposed. Based on this review, a new method for the analysis and quantification of the topological aspects of drone swarms is considered. In particular, this method allows for the computing of swarm availability and importance measures. Importance measures in reliability analysis are used for system maintenance and to indicate the components (drones) whose fault has the most impact on the system failure. Structural and Birnbaum importance measures are introduced for drone swarms' components. These indices are defined for the following topologies: a homogenous irredundant drone fleet, a homogenous hot stable redundant drone fleet, a heterogeneous irredundant drone fleet, and a heterogeneous hot stable redundant drone fleet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transition from Internal Combustion Engine vehicles to Electric Vehicles presents challenges for fleet managers in terms of adapting operational processes and systems. One prominent challenge is the Electric Vehicle Routing Problem, which requires careful consideration of battery monitoring, efficient route planning, charging infrastructure availability, and vehicle performance management. The goal is to alleviate range anxiety and ensure effective fleet management. In this context, we propose a Reinforcement Learning approach in conjunction with graph-based modeling to solve Electric Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Window. This paper provides a novel approach addressing the need for efficient and sustainable electric vehicle fleet management. Our aim is to minimize the distance traveled while serving customers within their time windows using the combination of Structure2vect and Double Deep Q-Network. Real-world data from a public utility fleet company in Tunisia is utilized to evaluate the proposed model, and comparisons are made with conventional benchmarking strategies and other Reinforcement Learning approaches. The results highlight the effectiveness of the proposed model achieving a reduction up to 50% in traveled distance while demonstrating enhanced computational efficiency through reduced complexity and optimized runtime. Moreover, the obtained model can be directly applied to treat the large-scale adoption of electric vehicles in fleets.

Smart charging is a means of monitoring and actively controlling EV chargers to optimize the distribution and consumption of energy with a focus on peak-load avoidance. This paper describes the most important requirements that have influenced the design and implementation of the “Smart Charging System” (SCS). It presents the architecture and main functional building blocks of the SCS, which have been realized in an iterative development process as an extension component of the already existing open-source solution “Open e-Mobility”. We also provide details on the functionality of the core smart charging algorithm within SCS and show how various data sources can be utilized by the system to increase the safety and efficiency of EV charging processes. Furthermore, we describe our iterative approach to developing the system, introduce the real-world testbed at SAP Labs France in Mougins/France, and share evaluation results and experiences gathered over a three-year period.

The article analyses the state of the aviation industry in Ukraine during the first years of the Soviet regime in January-March 1918 and its policies in this sphere. The establishment of the Soviet regime in Ukraine during this period was the result of offensive actions by Bolshevyk and pro-Bolshevyk troops against the Ukrainian People’s Republic. Therefore, the Soviet regime had transient nature in Ukraine amidst the unfinished First World War. In these settings, it established a management system in the field of aviation, which was aimed at auditing and evacuating aviation property and personnel. The study found that the aviation industry in Ukraine functioned quite efficiently in general and was manageable despite the difficulties of the revolutionary times. In this work, the authors used archival documents, which were first introduced into circulation. The socio-economic and political conditions, this industry operated in, were taken as a basis for the analysis of the aviation industry status in Ukraine. During this period of the First World War, warfare on the Eastern Front had its final phase, and peace talks were held in Brest-Litovsk, in which delegations of the Ukrainian People’s Republic and the Soviet Russia took part. Since the conclusion of the armistice on December 10, 1917 between Soviet Russia and the countries of the Quadruple Alliance, a state of chaos has spread across the territory of Ukraine, which was associated with the mass movement of soldiers back from the front. Social chaos intensified as the Soviet authorities gained control over almost entire territory of the Ukrainian People’s Republic. However, some air force units were able to maintain their material base. The Soviet regime was able to audit their condition and restore control over the available resources in the aviation industry, however, the facts of theft of goods, which belonged to these air force units was also established. Attempts were made to form an effective management system of the aviation industry and its scheme started to be developed. However, due to the political situation, these attempts were in vain. As early as the beginning of March 1918, Bolshevyk troops have been losing ground of most of Ukraine to the UPR troops and their allies, i.e., the German-Austrian troops. The short period of attempts to build a management system of the aviation industry by the Soviet regime in extreme military-political conditions is quite interesting, as it demonstrates approaches to the effective management of the high-tech sphere in a difficult situation.

Transport efficiency cannot be imagined outside of strategic management – an aspect to which universities, part of the „triple helix” model, pay close attention. As the complexity of public organizations has increased and mobility has become a key issue for their efficiency, several universities in Romania have developed their own fleets to meet the needs of moving people or delivering goods. Based on data collected through a series of interviews, this article proposes a comparative analysis of some aspects of the strategic management of the car fleets of the Babeș-Bolyai University, the West University of Timișoara and the Technical University of Cluj-Napoca. The results indicate that the fleets tend to be more efficient the newer the vehicles are, i.e. not older than 10 years. The paper also underlines the fact that fleet efficiency can only be achieved through a regular analysis of the factors that generate additional costs and their elimination as part of a broader strategic management strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under increasing pressure to decarbonize, in order to stay compliant and competitive, transportation industry is actively looking for the right next steps and actions. The main challenge is to become greener in an effective way that ensures the business performance. Technology and digital solutions, from electrification to artificial intelligence, help to accelerate the transition towards sustainability. However, they currently come with a significant share of risks mainly due to the still weak infrastructure and the unprepared workforce which could generate an inefficacious usage of digital technologies. In this complex environment and lacking reliable data and benchmark to guide their next moves, the fleets have to make their decisions concerning suppliers, partners or tools. While the direction is clear, it's critical now for the transportation players to speed up into the execution of decarbonization. This will allow them to take business advantages as early movers, and to deal on the way with operational aspects in order to secure their productivity. Starting from the today's landscape of the industry, this article highlights the outputs of existing researches, aiming to provide a structured frame of the key inquiries and to identify possible paths for fleets, on their journey towards sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Systems Engineering & Electronics is the property of Journal of Systems Engineering & Electronics Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The attitude of Russian right-wing parties and unions to the problems of combat readiness, recruitment, organization, training and education of the contingent of the armed forces of the Russian Empire is considered. Attention is paid to the place of the armed forces in the program settings of right-wing political movements, to the identification and interpretation by the Black Hundreds and nationalists of crisis phenomena in the army and navy, their attitude to the politicization of command staff. Particular attention is paid to the attitude of the right to the issues of modernization of the army and navy. New sources are being introduced into scientific circulation, allowing a more complete picture of the views of the right on the country’s armed forces. It is noted that the right saw in the armed forces not only a guarantor of the security, sovereignty and power of the empire, protection from external and internal enemies, but also the most important institution designed to preserve and transmit military traditions, which for the Black Hundreds and nationalists were inextricably linked with loyalty to Orthodoxy, autocracy and Russian people. It is shown that monarchism, conservatism, nationalism and anti-Semitism, characteristic of the right, are also reflected in their views on the armed forces.

The purpose of the article is to develop a methodical approach to complex investment analysis of cash flows on the example of shipping investment. This is especially relevant for projects in the shipping industry with a significant capital costs, a high share of debt financing, a low profitability and a high risk. The study used such scientific methods as financial modelling, analysis and synthesis of results, logic and analytical methods. Authors have developed the approach to investment analysis of cash flows for the shipbuilding project, which includes five stages. At the first stage the structure of investment are determined, taking into account ship type and size and building terms. The second stage involves construction the three statements model for forecasting of financial indicators. At the third stage assessment of profitability and liquidity were fulfilled. At the fourth stage security cover ratios and average breakeven were analysed. The fifth stage is devoted to risk assessment with using techniques of sensitivity and scenario analysis.

Drones, or UAVs, are developed very intensively. There are many effective applications of drones for problems of monitoring, searching, detection, communication, delivery, and transportation of cargo in various sectors of the economy. The reliability of drones in the resolution of these problems should play a principal role. Therefore, studies encompassing reliability analysis of drones and swarms (fleets) of drones are important. As shown in this paper, the analysis of drone reliability and its components is considered in studies often. Reliability analysis of drone swarms is investigated less often, despite the fact that many applications cannot be performed by a single drone and require the involvement of several drones. In this paper, a systematic review of the reliability analysis of drone swarms is proposed. Based on this review, a new method for the analysis and quantification of the topological aspects of drone swarms is considered. In particular, this method allows for the computing of swarm availability and importance measures. Importance measures in reliability analysis are used for system maintenance and to indicate the components (drones) whose fault has the most impact on the system failure. Structural and Birnbaum importance measures are introduced for drone swarms’ components. These indices are defined for the following topologies: a homogenous irredundant drone fleet, a homogenous hot stable redundant drone fleet, a heterogeneous irredundant drone fleet, and a heterogeneous hot stable redundant drone fleet.

Due to their large power draws and increasing adoption rates, electric vehicles (EVs) will become a significant challenge for electric distribution grids. However, with proper charging control strategies, the challenge can be mitigated without the need for expensive grid reinforcements. This article presents and analyzes new distributed charging control methods to coordinate EV charging under nonlinear transformer temperature ratings. Specifically, we assess the tradeoffs between required data communications, computational efficiency, and optimality guarantees for different control strategies based on a convex relaxation of the underlying nonlinear transformer temperature dynamics. Classical distributed control methods, such as those based on dual decomposition and alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM), are compared against the new augmented Lagrangian-based alternating direction inexact Newton (ALADIN) method and a novel low-information, look-ahead version of packetized energy management (PEM). These algorithms are implemented and analyzed for two case studies on residential and commercial EV fleets with fixed and variable populations. The latter motivates a novel EV hub charging model that captures arrivals and departures. Simulation results validate the new methods and provide insights into key tradeoffs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the characteristics of the decay in FLEET (femtosecond laser electronic excitation tagging) emission in the air captured during short exposure are investigated for the purpose of applying the FLEET technique to supersonic airflows. In the experiments, the FLEET signals from air in a static cell are captured using a CCD camera equipped with an image intensifier during a short exposure time of 20 ns. The results reveal that the decay in FLEET emission is almost independent of the location along the laser path, although pressure dependence of the emission intensity varies at each location owing to the Kerr effect. The results also reveal that the emission lifetime is dominated by intermolecular collision, on the basis of which the characteristics of decay in FLEET emission are simply modeled. The model reveals that the relaxation rate of the fleet emission increases linearly to the square root of the number density in the air. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses results from interviews conducted with 23 fleet managers across California in 2019 to investigate fleet adoption of light duty Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEVs). The interviews examined how fleet managers make vehicle purchase decisions and explored the motivations and barriers for the adoption of PEVs. The results are framed in the context of Self-Determination Theory which categorizes the level to which actions are taken based on internal and external motivators. Results show that conventional vehicle purchases are mostly motivated by internalized extrinsic motivators while PEV purchase decisions are mostly motivated by external extrinsic motivators, such as requirements to meet sustainability goals. While most fleets had adopted at least one PEV, there are still barriers to widespread electrification, including a lack of time and resources available to evaluate PEVs, issues with employee buy-in, a lack of total cost of ownership considerations, and infrastructure challenges. The results provide a greater understanding of fleet PEV purchasing, how PEVs align with existing purchase considerations, and how stakeholders could facilitate increased electric vehicle adoption in fleets.

Background: For complex fleet operations (e.g. unpredictable routing multiple corpse destinations, longer driver working hours and rough terrains) witnessed in the funeral assurance companies, it is increasingly difficult to strike a balance between cost-effectiveness and reducing environmental impacts. Existing studies do not address this gap on how firms with complex fleet management practices can or should adopt green fleet management (GFM). Against this background, this study explores the organisational constraints faced by companies to go green, as a starting point for effective and sustainable GFM adoption. Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the drivers of and barriers to the adoption of sustainable fleet management, particularly in the context of complex transport operations as those prevailing in companies within the funeral assurance sector. Method: A qualitative research paradigm was adopted, based on a case study of three companies with a sizeable fleet size within the funeral assurance sector in Zimbabwe. We conducted extensive key informant interviews with different management levels of the three companies. Documentary analysis was performed on the legislative framework governing fleet management in Zimbabwe to assess its provision for GFM in Zimbabwe and its effectiveness therefrom. Results: An analysis of the institutional frameworks for environmental sustainability shows that Zimbabwe has some Acts of parliament that deal with GFM. However, there is a paucity in terms of enforcement. Furthermore, there are no financial or fiscal incentives for the acquisition of a green fleet. Environmental considerations were peripheral in the fleet acquisition, maintenance and disposal decisions. Conclusion and contribution: Environmental considerations are least prioritised when crafting fleet operations decisions; this is despite the existence of a myriad of Acts of Parliament championing environmental preservation from transport. This article contributes to transport policy and planning by calling for a close examination of the firm specific fleet operational characteristics with a view to develop appropriate strategies for GFM adoption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Belgi Dergisi is the property of Pamukkale University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal Industrial Engineering / Revista de Ingeniería Industrial is the property of ECORFAN-Mexico S.C. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Increase of non-renewable energy consumption and CO2 emissions has brought heavy burdens to our planet. Heavy-duty vehicles as a large energy consumer benefit a lot from platooning due to reduced air drag. Comparing to ICE trucks, electric trucks can gain more energy savings from platooning while also reducing CO2 emissions. This paper explores the energy consumption of electric HDV platooning under highway situations and proposes an adaptive downhill coasting speed method with regenerative braking. Simulations show that electric HDV platooning can reach at most 33.4% energy savings with our proposed adaptive coasting speed profile. With a sacrifice of 22.2% travel time, the energy savings can be further increased to 49.3%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The actual energy saving effect of plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs) is usually evaluated by the electricity utility factor (UF) in a standardized charging pattern. To further evaluate the impacts of the charging pattern heterogeneity of PHEV, actual vehicle travel data are adopted to classify the charging pattern in seven typical Chinese cities and derive its impacts on actual UF. Additionally, UF curves are fitted as power exponential functions. The result shows that during daily usage, UF can reach over 0.8 for 50 km all-electric-range PHEVs for the 77% frequently charging adopters, while it is as low as 0.1 for the 3% rarely charging adopters. Comprehensive UF values at an actual charging pattern are 0.53 and 0.68 for the 50 km and 80 km all-electric-range PHEVs, and the values are 0.03 and 0.04 smaller than the standard UF, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to show the role played by the Castilian navy during the armed conflict that faced the kingdom against the Crown of Aragon, between 1429-30. Although the struggle has been well studied, the role played by the fleet of Castile is not known in depth, mainly due to the fact that the general ignorance of the municipal funds of Orihuela and Elche, where the largest number of references in this regard. Therefore, thanks to the documentation kept in these archives of the territory of the ancient Kingdom of Valencia, we intend to present a totally renewed historical vision on the role of the Castilian navy in that war.