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Some of the oldest coastal pottery in South America is found in the Pampas region of southern Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina. In the region's extensive estuarine systems pre-colonial indigenous groups built earthen mounds, known as Cerritos, from ca. 4700 BP. The Cerritos have multifunctional purposes, and while pottery was widely used, its role in the economic or ritual life of the mound builders remains uncertain. Intriguingly, molecular and isotopic characterization of food residues from Cerritos ceramics shows that vessels were used for either cooking estuarine fish, or plant products. Microbial-derived lipids were predominantly associated with the latter, suggesting that plants were fermented, presumably to make alcoholic beverages. We suggest that dispersed communities were drawn to the mounds seasonally to exploit and celebrate the return of migrating fish. This finding is supported by the diversity of stable isotope values of human remains recovered from Cerritos and sheds new light on the lifeways of these pre-colonial groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brine shrimp nauplii are widely used as live food in fish and shellfish aquaculture but they may transmit pathogenic Vibrio to the target species causing significant economic loss. Heavy usage of antibiotics is expensive and environmentally damaging. Use of natural microbes as probiotics for disease management is a more sustainable strategy. In this study the abilities of four marine microbes—Debaryomyces hansenii, Ruegeria mobilis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis—to suppress Vibrio spp. and promote growth performance and survival of brine shrimp (Artemia franciscana) were investigated. Nauplii (Instar II) were exposed to 108 CFU mL-1 of one of the four microbes; a control without added microbes was included for comparison. The nauplii were fed daily with the microalga Nannochloropsis oculata. Population change, survival, weight gain, length gain, enzyme activity, microbial retention and body biochemical composition of the brine shrimp were measured. The results showed that B. subtilis and L. plantarum significantly decreased the body loading of Vibrio spp. in A. franciscana. Survival rate, weight gain and length gain of (A) franciscana all increased in L. plantarum and (B) subtilis treatments, but the growth performance in the D. hansenii and R. mobilis treatments was less consistent. Higher lipase and protease activities and lower body ash content in the brine shrimp were observed in the B. subtilis and L. plantarum treatments (P < 0.05). The abundance of B. subtilis in the brine shrimp was relatively stable even after 8 days of starvation. These findings demonstrate that B. subtilis was the most promising probiotic among the tested species, especially for long-term application without the need for repeated inoculation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fish constitutes the main protein source for the Amazonian population. However, the impact of different anthropogenic activities on trace element and metal accumulation in fish and their risks for human health at a regional scale remain largely unexplored. Here we assessed exposure levels of 10 trace elements and metals (Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, and Hg) in 56 samples belonging to 11 different species of fish from the Brazilian Amazon. We studied the relationship between exposure levels, fish origin, and fish feeding habits, and assessed toxicological and carcinogenic risks for the Amazonian population. No significant correlation was found between sampling site and exposure levels to the studied elements, but a significant difference was found between the accumulation of some metals and the position of the fish species in the food chain. The concentrations of Cr and Hg in fish flesh were found to exceed the Brazilian limits for human consumption. This study shows that current fish consumption patterns can lead to estimated daily intakes of Hg, As and Cr that exceed the oral reference dose, thus posing a toxicological concern. Furthermore, carcinogenic risks may be expected due to the continued exposure to Cr and As. The results of this study show that the consumption of wild caught fish in the Amazon region should be controlled. Moreover, continued monitoring of trace element and metal contamination in fish and on the health of the Amazonian population is recommended, particularly for riverine and indigenous communities. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Archaeological research in the Low Countries regularly uncovers medieval herring casks. They usually show a wide range of marks and symbols. Herring casks are the bearers of a sign system that had relationships with other forms of writing that played a role in the management of a growing fishing industry and the food supply of the urbanised population. The signs on the casks are prominent witnesses to the important fourteenth- and fifteenth-century historical developments in the production and consumption of sea fish in the county of Flanders and the neighbouring regions. For historical research into the system of signs on the herring casks, I venture into the fields of not only maritime and economic history but also palaeography and semiotics, arguing that signs on the casks played a role in the scaling up and individualisation of the marine fishing economy and the conflict management it required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eel (Anguilla japonica) is an important and valuable food fish in East Asia and its by-products have been reported to include bioactive and profitable components. This study aimed to extract, characterise, and compare the structure and properties of acid-soluble collagens (ASCs) and pepsin-soluble collagens (PSCs) from the skin and bone of eel (Anguilla japonica), providing insights into their composition, structure, and properties for various applications. The yields of ASC-S (from skin), PSC-S (from skin), ASC-B (from bone), and PSC-B (from bone) were 12.16%, 15.54%, 0.79%, and 1.34% on a dry weight basis, respectively. Glycine, the dominant amino acid, accounted for 16.66% to 22.67% of total amino acids in all samples. SDS-PAGE and FTIR analyses showed the typical triple-helical structure of type I collagen with slight variations in molecular order in extract and intermolecular cross-linking between skin and bone collagens. The denaturation temperature (Tmax1) measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is 81.39 °C and 74.34 °C, respectively, for ASC-B and ASC-S. Bone collagen has higher thermal resistance than skin collagen. Surface morphology imaged using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that the bone collagen had a denser network structure, whilst the skin collagen was more fibrous and porous. The findings suggest that eel-derived collagens from skin and bone can serve as potential alternatives in the food, cosmetic, and healthcare industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among plant-based analogs, fish and seafood analogs (PBFSAs) represent a growing sector. This study analyzed the nutritional quality of PBFSAs in Italy and compared it to their animal-based counterparts. Nutritional declarations, ingredient lists, and claims were collected from PBFSA food labeling. Nutri-Scores of PBSFAs and animal-based counterparts were also determined as nutritional quality indicators. Fifty-one products were collected, with most attributed to tuna, salmon, and cod categories (n = 18, 12, and 14, respectively). Results showed large heterogeneity in nutritional quality, with cod products having higher energy (217 (201–257) kcal/100 g), protein (10.5 (7.9–13.0) g/100 g), and carbohydrate (19.4 (14.2–26.0) g/100 g) levels, while tuna and salmon products had a higher fat content (15.0 (10.0–19.7) and 13.5 (5.0–17.0) g/100 g, respectively). Products with fiber or fat nutrition claims did not necessarily indicate higher fiber or lower fat content, while products with a protein claim had a higher protein content. Most animal-based counterparts, except cod and sturgeon caviar, received an "A" Nutri-Score, and often scored better than the PBSFA due to lower salt content. In conclusion, PBFSAs on the market should not be considered animal product analogs regarding nutritional quality, but drawing definitive conclusions is challenging due to the limited number and high variability of the products. However, these findings provide insights that may improve PBFSA nutritional quality, such as decreasing salt and sugar content, for people trying to incorporate such foods into their diet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of New Chemistry is the property of International Journal of New Chemistry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Japanese anchovy (Engraulis japonicus), a finfish with the largest biomass of a single species in the Yellow and East China Seas, plays an important pivotal role in converting zooplanktons into high trophic fish in the food web. As a result, the fish is regard as a key species in its habiting ecosystem. However, the lack of genomic resources hampers our understanding of its genetic diversity and differentiation, as well as the evolutionary dynamics. Here, we firstly report a complex chromosome-level genome assembly of E. japonicus with a large size of 1.4 Gb, with features of high repetitive sequences (54.9%), high heterozygosity (2.3%) and a number of protein-coding genes (24,405). The genome sequence exhibited a remarkable degree of completeness, valued 94.07% of the complete BUSCO. This work firstly reported the genome sequence of E. japonicus, offering the crucial resources for further studies on the genetic diversity and adaptive evolution of this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article in the IMSS Medical Journal focuses on the perinatal benefits and recommendations of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA) during pregnancy and breastfeeding. It highlights the importance of meeting the requirements of DHA and AA to improve the child's immune and cognitive development, as well as to prevent diseases. Adequate supplementation of DHA and EPA is recommended for pregnant and lactating women, as well as a diet rich in foods such as fish and seafood to obtain these essential fatty acids. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Freshwater fish processing produces 30–70% nutrient-rich by-products, often discarded or undervalued. Grass carp by-products, rich in protein, offer potential as raw materials for fermented seasonings. This study explores the use of these by-products—specifically, minced fish and fish skin—in soybean fermentation to evaluate their effects on the quality of the resulting seasonings. Tetragenococcus halophilus was used as a starter culture alongside food-grade protease to assess their combined impact on the safety and flavor of soy fish paste and soy fish skin paste. The findings revealed that natural fermentation resulted in higher protein hydrolysis in soy fish skin paste compared to soy fish paste. Across all fermentation conditions, amino acid nitrogen levels increased, while total volatile basic nitrogen levels decreased in both pastes, indicating improved quality. Additionally, microbial fermentation significantly reduced biogenic amine content in soy fish paste, enhancing safety. Enzymatic fermentation further enriched the flavor of both pastes by boosting key compounds such as 2-methylbutanal and ethyl acetate. Notably, enzyme-microbe co-fermentation harnessed the strengths of both methods, achieving improved safety and enhanced flavor profiles while elevating overall product quality. These findings suggest a promising way to transform freshwater fish by-products into high-value condiments, advancing sustainable food processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A culturally important food fish in Hawai'i, Achilles tang (Acanthurus achilles Shaw), recently experienced sharp declines in biomass, density, and average length in west Hawai'i Island. In December 2022, State resource managers placed a 2-year moratorium on the Achilles tang fishery in west Hawai'i Island so that the cause of the collapse could be explored. The lack of life-history information for Achilles tang from Hawai'i, or elsewhere in its range, has been noted as an impediment to decision-making. Therefore, our objectives were to characterize this population's age, growth, and reproductive biology. In working with community fishers, we collected 363 individuals ranging 69 – 264 mm in fork length (FL) and 0 – 39 years in age based on estimates from otoliths. Achilles tang in Hawai'i exhibit a high growth rate, reaching 138 ± 11 mm FL (mean ± SE) in their first year, and exhibit relatively little growth after their second year (< 5 mm yr−1). The majority of males (92.0% of n = 101) and females (73.6% of n = 159) were classified as spawning capable or actively spawning, without annual or lunar periodicity. Our study highlights that the basic biology of Achilles tang poses unique challenges to fisheries managers looking to ensure its sustainable harvest. Future research will aim to characterize the susceptibility of recruits' habitat to local environmental stressors and the relative connectivity of juvenile and adult habitats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was designed to assess the concentration of potentially toxic elements (PTES) in anchovy fish sauce from the Persian Gulf and estimate health risks (non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks. In the present study, the concentration of PTES, including Lead (Pb), Iron (Fe), Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), Nickel (Ni), and Copper (Cu) among 60 samples of anchovy fish sauce was measured using an atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). The probabilistic health risk due to the ingestion of fish sauce content of PTEs was estimated by total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) and Cancer risk (CR) using Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) model. The rank order of PTEs in anchovy fish sauce based on median concentration was Fe (15.72 mg/kg) > Pb (4.34 mg/kg) > As (0.79 mg/kg) > Cd ( children-girl (0.678) > adults male (0.391) > adults-female (0.208). Also, the rank order of consumers based on CR was Adults-Male (1.54E–04) > Adults-Female (8.47E–05) > Children-Boy (1.74E–05) > Children-Girl (1.63E–05). The probabilistic health risk assessment demonstrated that ingest of anchovy fish sauce does not have a non-cancer risk but can have cancer risk for consumers. Therefore, a continuous monitoring program is recommended to reduce the concentration of PTEs in marine food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Interactive segregation is considered to be the main mechanism for reducing competition, limiting the size and overlap of niches when juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar Linnaeus, 1758) and brown trout (Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758) co‐occur. However, the differences observed between allopatric and sympatric populations of these fishes in their habitat utilisation are not always evident. We propose to use degree of the parasite communities divergence as an integral indicator of segregation, as it is known that similar infection is found in fish with similar behaviour and habitat use and vice versa. The parasite communities were studied in juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar Linnaeus, 1758) and brown trout (Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758) inhabiting the rivers South Esk and Spey (north‐eastern Scotland, flowing into the North Sea) and the Annan (south‐western Scotland, flowing into the Irish Sea). The parasitological data were used to test the interactive segregation hypothesis, which is thought to be the main mechanism of avoiding competition and determining the degree of niche overlap between sympatric fish species. In all the rivers, parasite communities of brown trout were richer than those of salmon. Ordination of infracommunities using non‐metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) indicated the greatest and the smallest overlap between parasite communities of salmon and brown trout in the South Esk and the Spey, respectively. The analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) confirmed that intraspecific differences in the parasite communities of salmon and brown trout were consistently lower than interspecific differences, increasing from the South Esk via the Annan to the Spey. The trend of increasing segregation of the host populations was supported by NMDS‐coordination of the component communities of the parasites based on parasite prevalence, comparison of lists of core species and species accumulation curves. Accumulation models indicated the lowest expected species richness of infracommunities in both hosts in the South Esk (a small mountain river), and the highest expected species richness in the Spey (the largest of the studied rivers with a high habitat diversity). In the Annan, a southern river flowing in the plains but similar to the South Esk in length and catchment area, the parasite infracommunities of salmon were as poor as in the South Esk, but those of brown trout were as rich as in the Spey. This differentiation is presumably associated with a high trophicity of the Annan and thus an improved food resources for fish. Juvenile brown trout uses these food resources more actively than juvenile salmon, which is more narrowly specialised and prefers habitats with fast‐flowing water. A smaller divergence of the model curves in the Annan as compared to the Spey, indicating a lesser segregation of the host populations, can be explained by a much higher rate of parasite species accumulation in salmon. The potential of using fish parasites as biological indicators in freshwater ecosystems is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background:Dibothriocephalus nihonkaiense (previously known as Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense) infection is not common in Hong Kong. D. nihonkaiense is a fish-borne cestode parasite that infects humans after consuming raw or insufficiently cooked fish containing plerocercoids. Case presentation: We reported a case of D. nihonkaiense infection in a 40-year-old woman who presented with a complaint of epigastric pain and diarrhea. A curvilinear opacity was seen at the upper quadrant of the abdomen via abdominal X-ray. An incomplete 80 cm long strobila of D. nihonkaiense without a scolex and neck was found in her feces. A grayish-brown oval egg with an inconspicuous operculum and small knob at the abopercular end was also found. Species-level identification was performed using Nanopore sequencing. Complete blood count and serum vitamin B12 level were tested to check for megaloblastic anemia and vitamin B12 deficiency, respectively. Laboratory investigations demonstrated an elevated percentage of monocytes in peripheral blood. A single oral dose of praziquantel (25 mg/kg) was prescribed to the patient. There was no evidence of relapse after the treatment. Conclusions: We reported a case of D. nihonkaiense infection using Oxford Nanopore NGS as a tool for accurate parasite identification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the prevalence of Vibrio spp. in seafood from supermarkets and fish markets in Berlin, Germany. A total of 306 seafood samples, including shrimp and mussels, were bought from supermarkets between March 2023 and January 2024. Samples were analysed using the ISO standard method and multiplex PCR to identify V. parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus, V. cholerae and V. vulnificus. The results indicated an overall Vibrio spp. prevalence of 56%. Among the positive samples, the most prevalent species found was V. parahaemolyticus (58%), followed by V. alginolyticus (42%), V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 (25%), and V. vulnificus (4%). Samples obtained from supermarkets exhibited a lower prevalence (50%) than those received from fish markets (91%). Virulence genes such as ctxA, tdh, or trh were not detected in the respective Vibrio species. Nevertheless, the high prevalence underscores the need and urgency of continuous seafood surveillance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background: Sea fish with a high level of omega-3 very long-chain (VLC) PUFAs makes them a valuable component of a healthy diet. One of the most popular fish products is fish fingers, for which the market is still growing. The content of omega-3 VLC PUFAs in fish fingers may differ across price categories, such as premium or budget, despite being manufactured from the same fish species. Furthermore, the labelling of fish fingers typically fails to indicate the quantity of omega-3 VLC PUFAs present. It is unclear whether fish fingers can increase the amount of omega-3 VLC PUFAs in the diet. Hence, this study aimed to examine the content of omega-3 VLC PUFAs in pollock fish fingers from premium and budget price categories manufactured by the same producer and sold in supermarkets. (2) Methods: The premium fish fingers were made with pollock fillet and the budget ones with minced pollock meat. Fat content and fatty acids profile were analysed. (3) Results: The primary fatty acid found in fish fingers was oleic acid, followed by linoleic acid. Saturated fatty acids were less than 7%. This reflected the composition of frying fat, which was rapeseed oil. Fish fingers contained a dietary noticeable amount of omega-3 VLC PUFAs; for premium and budget fish fingers it was 283.01 mg and 123.44 mg per 100 g of product, respectively. (4) Conclusions: Not all fish fingers have the same nutritional value, despite being manufactured by the same producer and from the same fish species. Even though both were made from pollock, premium fish fingers were a better dietary source omega-3 EPA and DHA than a low-cost alternative. Eating three sticks (100 g) of examined pollock fish fingers, either premium or budget, can meet the recommended daily intake level of omega-3 VLC PUFAs at 100% or 50%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) is a nature-based technology for CO2 removal and storage, but little is known about its environmental safety. We tested a CO2-equilibrated OAE deployment in a close-to-natural community using in situ mesocosms in the oligotrophic subtropical North Atlantic and assessed metazoan zooplankton to inform about food web stability, structure, and production. In addition, a literature review complemented experimental results by summarizing physiological responses of marine animals to decreasing proton concentrations, or increased pH. The food web studied proved resistant, and zooplankton physiologically tolerant, to the OAE tested. We observed short-term effects of OAE on zooplankton reproduction and productivity, which were likely trophically mediated. Yet, these did not affect zooplankton populations or their nutritional value as food for fish. Our study demonstrates an environmentally safe OAE application, but also stresses the risks of more intense OAE options, and the vulnerabilities of other marine ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies of interspecific differences in the physiological performance of animals and their relationship with metabolism may provide insight into how selection influences diversity in phenotypic traits. To investigate the effects of food habits on growth, digestion, specific dynamic action (SDA), and the intestinal microbiota and verify their relationships in freshwater fishes, we measured the specific growth rate (SGR), meal remaining in the gastrointestinal tract, postprandial metabolic response, and intestinal microbial diversity of nine freshwater fish species with different food habits (three carnivorous, four omnivorous, and two herbivorous) fed at 25°C. The SGR, energy ingested (EI), energy efficiency (EE), gastrointestinal evacuation rate (GER), peak metabolic rate (PMR), peak metabolic scope (PMS), and SDA duration values were the highest in carnivores and the lowest in herbivores. The routine metabolic rate (RMR) and SDA coefficient values of carnivores were also significantly greater than those of omnivores and herbivores. The SGR was also significantly and positively correlated with the EI, GER, PMS, and SDA coefficients. These results indicated that growth performance, feeding and digestion abilities, and feeding metabolic responses were the strongest in carnivores and the weakest in herbivores. There was no significant difference in the richness of the intestinal microbiota with different food habits, whereas omnivores presented the highest diversity, followed by herbivores, and carnivores presented the lowest diversity. Moreover, while the phylum composition of the intestinal microbiota in fish with different food habits was similar, significant differences were observed in the composition proportions among carnivores. This might be related to the host's ability to digest and utilize proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. We suggest that the interspecific differences in growth associated with different food habits are related to their feeding and digestive abilities, metabolic response, and gut microbiota. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ompok bimaculatus is a commercially important food fish of Northeast India. For higher production of this species, the molecular mechanisms underlying its reproductive physiology is an important aspect to study. Vegetable oils are rich in ω3 and ω6 fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins, that enhance reproductive performances. In the present study, O. bimaculatus were first fed with vegetable oil at 3, 5, 7 and 9% in the diet. The best treatment was determined by the analysis of relative fecundity, fertilisation rate, Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) and Hepatosomatic Index (HIS). Comparative transcriptomics analysis of gonadal tissues between control and best treatment was done using Illumina NextSeq500. The bioinformatics analysis by Trinity v2.11.0 and edgeR v3.32.1 identified 36 DEGs related to reproduction, those were later validated by qPCR analysis. The Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) revealed, regulation of Hypothalamic—pituitary—gonadal axis (HPG) axis through retinoid signalling pathway, IGF pathway and folliculogenesis pathway, including inhibitory effects of dietary vegetable oil on fish gonadal maturation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pasongsongan Village lies in the Regency of Sumenep on the Island of Madura. It is a village bordered on the north by the Java Sea which is abundant of fish majorly consumed by adults. Whereas, children under two years old are scarcely served with fish in their diets. Objectives: The study aims to observe any factors relevant to mothers’ choices in serving meals for children under two years of age. Methods: This study used a qualitative approach with an ethnographic design. The informants were eleven mothers and grandmothers whose children were under two years old. Data was collected by way of interviews and observations. Subsequent to the data collection, the triangulation was carried out. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: The results showed that children under two years of age were provided with complementary foods prior to the age of 6 months old. Four children were barely fed with fish due to numerous myths regarding worm infestation in toddlers of below two years old if they consume fish or any types of animal food. Moreover, six children were served with fish and animal food due to health issues. Conclusions: In conclusion, the mothers’ choices for children’s meals under two years of age in this village were highly influenced by cultural and health concerns. The implication of this study was that selecting food for toddlers under two years old should bring up a positive impact on their growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diet is one of the essential information used in the management of fisheries resource. The objective of this study was to assess the dietary preferences, index of preponderance, trophic level, food niche breadth, and food overlap of purple‐spotted bigeye (Priacanthus tayenus) caught from the northern coast of Java, Indonesia. A total of 407 fish samples were collected from July to October 2023. Each fish sample was measured for total length and body weight. Fish were then dissected to determine sex, gut length, gut volume, and diet composition. Data analysis included relative gut length, diet composition, frequency of occurrence, trophic level, index of preponderance, food niche breadth, and food overlap. The result showed that the purple‐spotted bigeye is a carnivorous fish (trophic level ranges from 3.88 to 4.18), whose main food is fish and shrimp. Based on the niche breadth value, purple‐spotted bigeye from East Java were more diverse in finding food (niche breadth = 0.26) than from West Java (niche breadth = 0.06) and Central Java (niche breadth = 0.09). The purple‐spotted bigeye species from West Java and Central Java exhibited a high level of competition in their search for food, as indicated by a food overlap value of 0.998. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cooking food at high temperatures can lead to the formation of harmful chemical compounds called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the concentrations of 16 PAHs in cooked fish using roasting, barbecuing, or grilling techniques. The Monte Carlo simulation method was employed to accurately assess and quantify the uncertainties associated with risk estimation. This study compiled data on PAH levels in cooked fish using gas or charcoal from 57 original published articles in the PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases between January 1, 2010 to December 30, 2023. The investigation showed that 55.1% of cooked fish was made by grilling, 35.1% by barbecuing, and 9.8% by roasting. Based on the 95th percentile Hazard Quotient (HQ) from fish consumption, the ranking of 8 PAHs was as follows: Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP = 14.10) > Pyrene (Pyr = 0.29) > Fluorene (Flu = 0.23) > Naphthalene (Nap = 0.22) > Fluoranthene (Flrt = 0.12) > Acenaphthene (Ace = 0.11) > Acenaphthylene (Acy = 0.04) > Anthracene (Anth = 0.02). However, the non-carcinogenic risk ratio for other PAH compounds in fish consumption, excluding BaP, was found to be less than one (HQ < 1). The 95th percentile lifetime excess cancer risk (LTCR) values for 8 PAH compounds (BaP (4.35E− 9) > Anth (6.10E− 11) > Flrt (9.35E− 12) > Pyr (7.04E− 12) > Ace (6.56E− 12) > Flu (4.97E− 12) > Nap (4.39E− 12) > Acy (2.57E− 12)) from fish consumption were negligible and can be disregarded (LTCR < 10− 6). Based on the analysis of the findings, it can be concluded that the consumption of cooked fish using various methods worldwide does not present a carcinogenic risk linked to PAHs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 8-week study evaluated the effect of dietary protein reduction on growth performance and water quality of blue streak hap (Labidochromis caeruleus) using biofloc technology (BFT). Fish averaging 0.67 ± 0.13 g in weight were distributed into 15 polyester tanks, each with a water volume of 60 L within 100 L tanks, accommodating 15 fish per tank. Four isolipidic and isoenergetic diets were formulated with gradually decreasing protein levels (40%, 35%, 30%, and 25%). Four biofloc groups (40P + BF, 35P + BF, 30P + BF, and 25P + BF) and control (C) (40P + without BF) were fed twice daily (09:00 and 17:00) at a rate of 5% of their body weight. Molasses was added to the experimental tanks on a daily basis as an organic carbon source. This ensured that the biofloc tanks had a balanced carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio and facilitated control of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), nitrite-nitrogen (NO2-N), and nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) levels. The nutritional composition of the bioflocs obtained from the experimental groups revealed that the crude protein and crude lipid contents were 37.00–38.14% and 1.45–1.52%, respectively (P > 0.05). The best specific growth rate (SGR) (1.68%) and feed conversation ratio (FCR) (2.21) were determined in the 35P group. Based on the overall evaluation of the study's data, it can be concluded that the dietary protein for the blue streak hap (L. caeruleus) can be reduced from 40 to 35% in a biofloc system without any negative effects on health. Improving water quality and providing additional food to fish through zero water exchange and organic carbon addition (BFT) can be considered a sustainable aquaculture technique that can be used in ornamental fish farming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The understanding of the role of fishes in the trophic functioning of estuaries has increased in stages over many decades. It began with qualitative and quantitative dietary studies, mainly from the 1970s onwards, and progressed to more sophisticated stable isotope work towards the end of the 20th Century and into the present. Building on an initial wide array of predominantly single species rather than community dietary studies, our global knowledge of the food and feeding ecology of fishes in estuaries has now progressed to a stage where we can begin to discern patterns and make generalised statements on the nature and role of fish assemblages in the trophic functioning of these systems. In this review we summarize the dominant aspects relating to the trophic ecology of fishes in estuaries, including ontogenetic changes in fish diet and food provision for the nursery function of estuaries, detritus as a direct and indirect driver of the food web, the influence of latitude and habitat type on trophic structuring, predator prey relationships with an emphasis on the importance of invertebrates in fish food chains, the role of stable isotopes in combination with dietary analyses in understanding trophic functioning, and the effects of environmental change and fishing and other human activities on fish food webs in estuaries. Apart from providing an overview of information on the current status of our knowledge on fish trophic ecology in estuaries, this review also identifies important research gaps that need to be filled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three billion people globally rely on fish and other seafood as a significant source of animal protein. Despite being deemed illegal due to its ability to cause cancer, mutagenesis, and tumor development, formaldehyde is still in use to extend the shelf life of different fish and shellfish, which indicates the failure of awareness among people. Formaldehyde is categorized by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a Group‐I human carcinogen. Therefore, we try to summarize the chemistry of formaldehyde, its illegal addition in various food materials leading to adverse health conditions followed by its evaluation at physiological and histological levels in our review with the help of data collected from various research papers, newspaper articles, and online data. We have also highlighted on various environmental factors that play a role in altering the levels of formaldehyde in various food materials. This review also gives an insight into various rules and regulations made to limit the usage of formaldehyde in fish and other seafood at both national and international levels. Our review will help to generate awareness among common people, the establishment of much stronger rules, and regulations on usage of formaldehyde, and finding an alternative for preservation of fish and other food materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article from Revue Ficelle presents a menu with a variety of dishes, including items like foie gras, duck breast, and shrimp. The menu also features a range of beverages such as wine, gin, and punch. Additionally, there are dessert options like Galette des Rois and Flan blanc available. [Extracted from the article]

β-parvalbumin (β-PV) is the primary fish allergen responsible for most allergic reactions in individuals sensitive to fish. To ensure food safety, a sandwich-based magnetic immunoassay was developed using maleimide-functionalized magnetic beads (NH-MBs). Specific anti-β-PV antibodies were immobilized on these MBs, and a screen-printed carbon electrode was employed as the electrochemical transducer. A linear concentration range from 10 to 1000 ng/mL, a limit of detection of 1.8 ng/mL, and a limit of quantification of 7.1 ng/mL were achieved. Nineteen commercial food samples were analyzed to assess the potential of the sensor for routine use in food quality control. Important factors such as protein source and food processing (e.g., boiling, grilling, and frying) and preservation (e.g., in oil, and vacuum) were evaluated. The validated results confer the usefulness of the assay for food quality control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rohu fish (Labeo rohita) fillets were coated with 2.5% to 25% soy protein isolate (SPI) to evaluate their ability to reduce fat uptake. The coating pickup of fish fillets increased with increasing coating concentration. Fillets coated with 15% SPI showed the highest coating pickup value of 18.29% and reduced fat uptake by 57.78%. As revealed by lowered carbonyl and sulfhydryl contents, SPI coating protected proteins from oxidation during deep-frying. Increasing coating concentration decreased the hardness, chewiness, and cutting force of coated fish fillets. Therefore, the aforesaid coatings could be recommended for making low-fat fried fish fillets with 15% SPI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ectoparasites cause serious problems during the aquaculture production of food fishes. In this study, we set out to develop and test protocols for maintenance and sampling European catfish (Silurus glanis L., 1758) stocks infected with a gill monogenean, Thaparocleidus vistulensis (Siwak 1932) Lim 1996. When we compared the feasibility of two cohabitation-based parasite culture systems (i.e., static vs. flow-through), we found that the life cycle of T. vistulensis was completed in both habitats. In our experience, static tank systems with regular water exchange allowed better daily quality control of the parasite culture than continuous flow-through systems. We investigated the microhabitat preference of T. vistulensis on the gills of infected European catfish. A balanced distribution on the two lateral gill sets and a decreasing trend in parasite numbers from anterior gill holobranches towards the posterior ones was observed. Using these results, we developed a minimally invasive sampling protocol to estimate the parasite load of individuals. The biopsy aimed at four sectors (#6, #7, #10, and #11) situated within the distal and middle zones of the first holobranch on the left side, encompassing both rows of filaments. Biopsy-based estimates of parasite loads were validated by comparing them to full parasite counts of the same individuals and showed statistically significant correlations. Our biopsy-based method is designed to identify experimental animals with similar parasite loads and create groups of hosts with comparable burdens. This setup is expected to generate reduced between-group differences for expensive experiments (e.g., high throughput transcriptomic or epigenetic studies). We propose that the biopsy-based pre-sorting procedure should be considered in similar experiments with other cultured fish species and their gill monogeneans following a thorough fine-tuning of the experimental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intentional or accidental presence of environmental contaminants, such as persistent organic pollutants, metals, and microplastics, can harm the aquatic ecosystem and their living organisms, as well as consumers of seafood. This study provides an overview of marine pollution caused by various chemicals and their toxicity to both the environment and humans. In addition to regulatory limits established for some contaminants, monitoring and management policies should mandate activities such as bioremediation and the use of carbon-based composite photocatalysts to reduce or eliminate these compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on developing a fried fish cake prototype with improved quality and extended shelf-life, enabling room-temperature distribution through an innovative high-temperature and high-process retort method. Surimi-based products typically necessitate cold storage and a refrigerated distribution system, affecting their physical properties and flavor while escalating costs. By incorporating Transglutaminase (TGase), trehalose, and herbal oils, and optimizing the heating process using the response surface methodology, this research addresses challenges related to changes in physical properties, color, and off-flavors during high-temperature and high-pressure treatment. The addition of 0.37% ACTIVA-K TGase significantly enhanced gel strength by promoting protein cross-linking, while 0.75% trehalose improved color stability by suppressing browning, thus enhancing visual appeal. A 0.1% concentration of bay oil effectively enhanced the flavor profile by masking undesirable odors without compromising the sensory quality. Optimized processing conditions maximized DPPH radical scavenging activity, whiteness, and gel strength, ensuring superior product quality and safety. Nutritional analysis confirmed a balanced composition of moisture, protein, essential amino acids, and minerals, in accordance with Korean national standards for acid values. Microstructural examination revealed a uniform network structure, contributing to excellent texture and sensory evaluations. Shelf-life predictions indicated a storage duration of approximately 19 months, surpassing commercially available products and offering a competitive edge. This novel approach allows surimi-based products to be stored and distributed at room temperature, while also providing the potential for increased profitability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

AbstractAquatic foods (includes farmed or wild-caught fish, molluscs, crustaceans, miscellaneous aquatic invertebrates, and aquatic plants or seaweeds) represent a valuable source of essential dietary nutrients for the world population. Although at the global level, aquatic animal food products supplied over 3.4 billion people with over 20% of their total animal protein food supply in 2022, this was not the case for all regions. The composition of aquatic species consumed also varied between geographic regions. In the African region, aquatic animal foods were dominated by fish species (primarily captured pelagic and marine fish), whereas in the Asian region, aquatic animal foods were dominated by cultured freshwater fish species. In general, these differences generally reflect the seasonal availability and cost of aquatic foods, the level of consumer income, culinary traditions and preferences, and the existence of an organized productive sector; fish products generally being the cheapest source of animal protein and food available in most Asian and many African countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Natural feed additives of plant/animal/microbial origin are researched as supplements in aquaculture to improve the properties of feed, minimize the usage of chemical alternatives, reduce food safety risks and ensure sustainability to combat global food and nutritional security. Side streams generated during shellfish processing possess valuable ingredients: protein, lipids, carotenoids, minerals and chitins. Considering the current trend of organic farming and antibiotic‐free fish and shellfish, crustacean processing side streams and their derivatives seem promising and emerging resources as natural additives/supplements for formulating high‐quality feeds with superior benefits. Lower concentrations of chitin and chitosan in diets are reported to stimulate the growth of shellfish and finfish under controlled conditions. Oligomers of chitosan and nano‐chitosan are also the other potential derivatives as natural supplements in feed for better growth performance of aquaculture varieties. This review focuses on the significance of crustacean processing side streams and their derivatives, especially shrimp head meal, chitin, chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharides as potential natural additives in aquafeeds for promoting the growth performance of cultured fin fishes and shell fishes. Utilization in aquafeeds and the development of natural value‐added supplements from crustacean processing side streams, especially shrimp head and shell leftover, offer an answer to the negative environmental impact due to its dumping; reduce the dependency on food fish for fish meal production & fishmeal for aquafeeds; solution to maintain the economic viability of the fish farmers & industry as well as to ensure the supply of safer and healthy aquatic foods to meet the objectives of sustainable development goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) stands as a promising carbon dioxide removal technology. Yet, this solution to climate change entails shifts in environmental drivers with unknown consequences for marine fish that are critical to ecosystem health and food security. Fish and their supporting food webs may be stressed by the novel carbonate chemistry or the nutrients contained in the deployed minerals. With a mesocosm experiment on natural plankton communities, we studied early life stages of fish under alkalinity (+ 600 µ mol kg−1) and silicate (+ 75 µ mol L−1) addition. Larvae and young juveniles of temperate coastal species, including Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) and cod (Gadus morhua), were exposed to direct physiological and indirect food-web-mediated effects of OAE for 49 d. Neither in the shorter nor in the longer term did we find an impairment of fish growth and survival. Alkalization even led to an increase in fish biomass. This resistance to OAE was despite using non-CO2-equilibrated deployment that induces more severe perturbations in carbonate chemistry (Δ pH =+0.7 , p CO 2=75 µ atm) compared to alternative scenarios. Overall, our community-level study suggests that some fish populations, including key fisheries' species, may be resilient to the water chemistry changes under OAE. Whilst these results give cause for optimism regarding the large-scale application of OAE, other life history stages (embryos) and habitats (open ocean) may prove more vulnerable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Macroalgae are important bioorganisms used in fish feed and food industry. In addition, macroalgae are used in studies to determine radioactive pollution levels in the seas. In this study, it was aimed to determine the activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, 137Cs and 40K in Cystoseira barbata which is a brown macroalgae samples obtained from the Eastern Black Sea coast of Turkey. Gamma spectrometry analyzes of the samples were carried out with high purity germanium (HPGe) detector system in the Nuclear Physics laboratory of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University. The average 226Ra, 232Th, 137Cs and 40K activity concentrations in the samples were found to be 11.2, 7.61, 2.74 and 690.7 Bq.kg-1, respectively. The average annual effective dose values resulting from these radionuclides were obtained as 3.14, 1.75, 0.04 and 4.28 µSv.y-1, respectively. Total annual effective dose values calculated with the contribution of all radionuclides were found to be in the range of 1.37-18.83 µSv.y-1 . The calculated annual effective dose values are lower than 0.29 mSv.y-1, which is stated by UNSCEAR as the average annual effective dose received through ingestion of natural radionuclides, and the samples examined do not pose any radiological risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mesopelagic fish represent an opportunity for fishing companies and food production, but their exploitation carries substantial environmental risks related to these populations' role in the oceanic carbon pump. We assess the economic viability of mesopelagic fishing from a private economic perspective, focusing on costs and revenues accruing to the fishing industry, and a public economic perspective, considering impacts on society at large, notably climate change. We develop a stylized model, which we apply to four pelagic trawling fleets in the European Union. We find that a mesopelagic fishery operated with current excess capacity in the four fleets considered is profitable from a private perspective, but the climate impacts potentially outweigh the private economic benefits. This implies that strict governance arrangements are needed to safeguard the sustainability of the mesopelagic zone. Considering long-term dynamics, we explore potential natural limits to an expanding mesopelagic fishery. First, a growing fishery will reduce biomass level, affecting profitability. Second, an increase in mesopelagic production may lower the price, also limiting potential for expansion. For the time being, however, it is unlikely that the fishery will reach a scale level where such feedbacks can be expected, making effective governance arrangements even more crucial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Excessive consumption of seafood has resulted in a decline in fish stocks and the destruction of ecosystems worldwide. Textured vegetable proteins (TVPs) can be used in manufacturing fish products, including surimi‐based fish cakes, to prevent these problems. In this study, we aimed to incorporate TVP into fish cakes as an alternative to fish meat (surimi). Fish cake samples containing TVP (0, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) were prepared and cooked through boiling or frying. Texture profiles, volatile compounds and consumer acceptance of the fish cake samples were measured. An increase in TVP content enhanced the protein content of the samples, making them more suitable than fish meat is as a protein source. In the fish cake samples, the textural properties, including hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness, increased with increasing TVP content. Analysis of the volatile compounds showed that hexanal and 2‐pentifuran, which are primarily responsible for the grassy or beany flavour of soy, increased with increasing TVP content in fish cakes. The levels of these components were significantly lower in the fried samples than in the boiled samples. Overall, fried fish cakes containing 5% TVP (FST5) exhibited acceptance ratings similar to those of the control. Moreover, FST5 scored the highest in appearance, odour, taste and overall liking. Therefore, fried fish cakes supplemented with 5% TVP were qualitatively similar to fried fish cakes containing 100% fish meat (surimi). We propose the partial substitution of fish meat with alternative products to potentially reduce overfishing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Channa is a critical genus with a large number of species and it has a key importance in aquaculture. Channa marulius (snakehead) is a commercially important food fish of Pakistan. The status of C. marulius is indigenous and acquired near threatened according to the survey of the IUCN. Therefore, in the present study, 15 fish specimens were collected from five rivers (Indus, Chenab, Ravi, Satluj, and Jhelum) of Punjab, Pakistan, and successfully amplified and barcode the short mitochondrial COI gene sequences of 599 base pairs and analyzed by using BLAST. Pairwise genetic distance evaluated the K2P (Kimura 2-parameter) model, and phylogenetic analysis was inferred by constructing the ML (maximum likelihood) tree based on the Tamura-Nei model by using MEGA-X software. BLAST analysis provided a 100% identity match with reference sequences of the GenBank database and confirmed the species as C. marulius. The pairwise K2P distance between species observed (0.0000%) and the maximum distance (0.0067%). The ML tree showed that species lie under the same node because these species have the same genus, and C. marulius species identified from Pakistan have a phylogenetic link with C. marulius species of India. The present study successfully reported the DNA barcode base molecular identification of C. marulius from Pakistan. Moreover, this study proved that mitochondrial COI gene barcoding can be effectively used for the identification of Channa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. To determine the radiation state of the ecosystem in the technologically modified Konoplyanka River in the area of radioactive waste tailings dump and the mouth of the river (at the siteof confluence with the Zaporizhzhya (Dnipro) Reservoir), by analyzing the coefficients of radionuclides accumulation of natural and artificial origin in hydrobionts. Methodology. Classical sampling methods were used to determine natural (226Ra, 232Th, 40K) and artificial (137Cs, 90Sr) radionuclides in hydrobionts. The contents of radionuclides were determined in a certified laboratory at the “Dnipropetrovsk Regional Center for Disease Control and Prevention of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine” by the method of selective isolation of radionuclides based on the measurement of radiation on a scintillation beta spectrometer SEB - 0.XX and spectrum processing with the AK-1 software package. The measurement range of the beta spectrometer covers from 0.1 Bq to 10-4 Bq, which allows ensuring the control of artificial radionuclides in environmental objects in accordance with the regulatory documents of the “Permissible levels of radionuclides 137Cs and 90Sr in food and drinking water” (PLR–2006) and “Radiation Safety Standards of Ukraine–97” (RSSU–97) Findings. The study of the current radiation status of the Konoplyanka River in the summer-autumn period showed that the contents of artificial radionuclides in the water were significantly lower compared to normative data: the content of 137Cs was 15–19 times lower; 90Sr was 28–50 times lower. Among the different sampling sites, the highest content of 137Cs was recorded at site No3 (Konoplyanka River, old channel) and No1 (Konoplyanka River, top of the tailings dump). The study of artificial radionuclides in fish showed that their content did not exceed the normative values for fish as food objects (137Cs content in fish was lower by 17–50 times, 90Sr by 16–62 times). By fish species, the highest content of artificial radionuclides was accumulated by benthic slow-moving fish (round goby) and the lowest by pelagic mobile fish (roach, bleak, bitterling). The difference in the contents of these fishes was 62% for 137Cs and 75% for 90Sr. At different sampling sites, the content of artificial radionuclides in fish did not differ significantly. The content of natural radionuclides in different fish species did not have general patterns, that is, each fish species selectively accumulated individual natural radionuclides. The accumulation coefficients of artificial radionuclides were the highest in demersal fish, which are characterized by a sedentary lifestyle and feed on benthic invertebrates (round goby), the accumulation coefficient of artificial radionuclides in planktonophagous fish was 40-69% lower. The coefficients of natural radionuclides accumulation were higher in planktonophagous fish (bleak, stone moroko) by 36–53% compared to benthophagous fish (roach, round goby). Originality. For the first time, data on the content of natural and artificial radionuclides in the hydrobionts from the Konoplyanka River at the conditions of technogenic influence in the industrial zone of the metallurgical and chemical industry were obtained. Practical Value. The results of the conducted research can be used to assess and monitor the radiation status of the Konoplyanka River, radioactive waste tailing dumps and develop a strategic program for the restoration of the ecosystem of techno-altered rivers with heavy techno-anthropogenic load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology / Zhongguo Shipin Xuebao is the property of Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science & Technology Periodical Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aimed to investigate the seafood consumption habits of individuals in Samsun Province, a region noted for its intensive fishing activities in the Middle Black Sea, and to determine the differences between coastal and inland districts. Primary data were gathered through online questionnaires. The analysis included descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Among the participants, 53.7% considered fish prices to be expensive, 34.3% found them to be normal, 10.4% viewed them as very expensive, and 1.5% thought they were cheap. The most preferred fish type was anchovy, chosen by 48% of respondents, followed by sea bass at 18%. Coastal residents showed a higher frequency of weekly fish consumption, while inland residents had a higher rate of annual fish consumption. Significant differences were observed in fish consumption preferences, such as the type of fish and cooking methods, with coastal residents favoring fried fish and inland residents preferring grilled fish. Additionally, the study found that canned fish was significantly more preferred by inland residents (χ²=55.49, p<0.0001). These findings highlight the impact of geographical location on seafood consumption habits and suggest the need for targeted interventions to promote healthier and more sustainable consumption patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The objective of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of Bogue (Boops boops) and Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) samples freshly caught from fishing vessels docked at M'diq port in the Mediterranean Sea. While searching for the causes and sources contributing to their contamination and providing recommendations and suggestions to ensure their safety. Methodology and results: The microbiological analysis was conducted at the Regional Laboratory for Epidemiological Diagnosis and Environmental Hygiene, following Moroccan and international standards. Four biological parameters were assessed to ensure the safety of fresh fish: total aerobic mesophilic flora (TAMF) at 30 ℃, fecal coliforms at 44 ℃, Salmonella in 25 g and Listeria monocytogenes in 25 g. Additionally, we included a fifth parameter, staphylococci (Staphylococcus aureus), in our analysis. Random sampling was performed on the fishing boats and the samples were collected in aseptic, sterilized food sample bags and transported to the laboratory at a temperature of 2-8 ℃. Furthermore, we also analyzed samples from the hands of 25 fishermen working on these vessels to assess the presence of pathogens. The results of the microbiological analysis revealed that this fish resource is susceptible to biological contamination, particularly from fecal coliforms and Salmonella. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: Based on research findings, it is crucial to take measures to enhance the safety and quality of the caught fish. All stakeholders and port managers at M'diq port bear the responsibility of promoting awareness and implementing good hygiene best practices among fishermen and personnel on fishing boats to prevent cross-contamination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ability of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to produce biogenic amines (BAs) from amino acids using amino acid decarboxylase enzymes is an important food safety criterion due to their use as starter or bio-protective cultures. In this study, various LAB isolates, including Lactococcus (three isolates), Lactobacillus (five isolates), Enterococcus (13 isolates), and Leuconostoc (seven isolates), were isolated from ready-to-eat fish products like sauced, marinated, smoked anchovies, and smoked mackerel. These isolates were then tested for their ability to produce BAs (histamine, putrescine, cadaverine, spermidine, tryptamine, 2-phenylethylamine, spermine, serotonin, tyramine, 3-methylamine, and dopamine) and ammonia in histidine decarboxylase broth. The post-biotic solutions (cell-free supernatant) of Lb. paracasei NZ.Lbp.111, Lb. brevis NZ.Lbb.085, and E. casseliflavus NZ.Ec.074 exhibited the highest ammonia levels. Histamine accumulation was generally low in post-biotic solutions from four LAB isolates, ranging from 2.00 to 7.78 ppm. However, the post-biotic solution of Leu. mesenteroides NZLeu 009 displayed a significantly higher histamine concentration (83.23 ppm). Lactobacillus post-biotic solutions had the highest concentrations of ammonia (1220.28 ppm), 2-phenylethylamine (82.96 ppm), serotonin (278.70 ppm), tyramine (267.48 ppm), and cadaverine (19.72 ppm). Also, the average BAs concentration for Lactobacillus post-biotic solutions was the highest at 31.98 ppm. The results revealed the analysis of BAs concentrations in different LAB isolates from fish products, providing interesting insights into their metabolic capabilities and potential implications for food safety and quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]