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Small broadside, probably printed between 1853 and 1858, containing text of poem by Catharine Harris (cf. Burrillville; as it was, and as it is / H. Keach (Providence, 1856), p. 136). The poem was first published in the New England diadem and the Rhode Island temperance pledge of Feb. 9, 1850 as lines "suggested on hearing read an extract of a letter from Captain Chase, containing the dying words of Brown Owen, who recently died on his passage to California." Owen realizes he is dying of fever and will be buried at sea, never having reached California where he was hoping to strike gold, "the precious dust." With each stanza, he bids farewell to his father and mother, his children, his wife, and his sisters in turn, urging them not to mourn, for although he never reached California, he did reach Heaven. According to various Owen genealogies available on ancestry.com, Brown Owen was born in 1820 in Gloucester, Providence Co., R.I., and married Elizabeth P. Randall in 1845 in Providence, R.I. They had two children, Ora Owen (b. 1846) and John Owen (b. 1848).

Records of Bannack Mining District, Mont.. Records consist of a handwritten record of a meeting held in Bannack (24 May 1863) "for the purpose of electing a Judiciary and Executive for Bannack District"; and photographic copies of several mining claims (1862) including that of John White. Among the officials elected at the meeting was Sheriff Henry Plummer who was later hanged as the head of the local outlaws.

Francis Elliott's papers consist of letters (1866-1871) to his family discussing his experiences in Virginia City and Beartown, Montana Territory, where he was a miner, farmer, and freighter. Also included are three letters (1880-1881) to Elliott's brother, George, from Joseph Skettington concerning Elliott's death, burial, and estate., This collection consists of ten letters (1866-1871) from Frank Elliott in Montana to his family in Illinois. The letters describe the beauty of Montana, the physical hardships of the bitter winters, a planned civilian campaign against the Indians, and economic difficulties. The last letter in 1871 expresses considerable disillusionment with Montana. There are also three letters (1880-1881) to Elliott's brother from Joseph Skeffington of Bear Town, telling of Elliott's death in 1875. (Small Collection 660)

The Alice Gold and Silver Mining Company was a mining operation in Walkerville, Montana. Its headquarters were in Salt Lake City, Utah. The records consist primarily of letterpress volumes of outgoing correspondence from Walkerville mine superintendents to Salt Lake City company officials. Also included are organizational materials, financial records, productions records, and legal files., This collection is composed primarily of interoffice correspondence and financial records. The former includes letters between Joseph R. Walker and Matthew H. Walker at the Salt Lake City company offices and the company superintendents at the mine in Walkerville. These letters discuss daily operations, national mining issues, equipment used, labor relations, assay results, dealings with Butte business interests, etc. (1877-1940). In addition, the collection contains court papers, legal documents, and organizational materials. (Manuscript Collection 57).

The concept of ethical leadership has been intrinsically evident for over a century, but studies have only recently been documented that have attempted to observe and analyse the phenomenon. The concept has become more popular in the information age as companies start to employ additional knowledge workers who search for enhanced meaning in their respective occupations. The gold mining industry in Africa has improved substantially as conflicts have subsided slightly. As such, industry leaders need demonstrate better skills of engagement when managing legacy issues. While the shareholders' interest remain high on leaders' radar, leaders need effectively manage operations to address issues that might not be immediately evident in balance sheet, but that nonetheless have an effect on economic sustainability of the gold mining entities. Given that the concept of ethical leadership is known, there are still scandals that have recently been documented that involve leaders who have made decisions that led to demise of entities for which they were responsible. The purpose of this research was to explore ethical leadership and its association with sustainable economic performance within gold mining industries. The study aimed to analyse companies that have an African footprint, while originating from South Africa. A qualitative research method was employed following a phenomological approach to obtain insights of how African leaders have operated gold mines in Africa and have managed operations that performed very well. The aim was to crystallise and distil the findings for the use by future leaders so that they could avoid future scandals and not destroy shareholder value and disappoint stakeholders. The personal and leadership traits of ethical leaders were reviewed with the aim of determining the mental development that would be required, as well as which aspects would require consideration when determining the effects on economic sustainability. The African leaders interviewed were familiar with the concept of ethical leadership, economic sustainability and implicitly understood the association of ethical leadership with economic sustainability. The concept of ethical leadership generated two new terms, as described by the interviewees that could be infused to the definition to cater for an African context. The concept of "Ubuntu" and "displaying appropriate conduct" were the two terms that were derived from the leaders. The concept of greed was identified as a strong impediment towards economic sustainability. The gap of iii displaying that ethical leadership has a favourable outcome towards economic sustainability was demonstrated. By attempting to close this gap, it could help curb unemployment rates, as decisions would be made differently. From the propositions made, which were all proven successfully, there remains opportunities for future quantitative studies to be undertaken to add insight to the existing body of knowledge.

View of the over-the-road ore conveyor at the Colo. Chain of Mines facility located in Gilpin County on the Virginia Canyon Road between Central City and Russell Gulch, Colo.

View of mines and mining operations near Central City, Gilpin County, Colo. during the winter.

View of the Coeur d' Alene Mine Shaft House located at 101 Academy Street, Central City, Colo. The mine operated from 1885 producing gold, silver, lead copper, and zinc until production stopped in 1940. The red painted metal and wood shaft house is located above the town on Academy Hill and was used later as a storage facility by the Gilpin Historical Society. In 2010, the structure was restored and is now in use as a museum.

View of the Golden Gilpin Gold Mill located 1 mile north of Black Hawk, Colorado on Colorado Highway 119. The structure is the remaining example of Black Hawk's milling industry from the 1870s when the area was the ore processing center for the territory and state of Colorado.