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24 results on '"Graham Johnston"'

1. Trends in the Prevalence of Methylchloroisothiazolinone/Methylisothiazolinone Contact Allergy in North America and Europe

Author

Margo J. Reeder, Erin Warshaw, Srikanth Aravamuthan, Donald V. Belsito, Johannes Geier, Mark Wilkinson, Amber Reck Atwater, Ian R. White, Jonathan I. Silverberg, James S. Taylor, Joseph F. Fowler, Howard I. Maibach, Joel G. DeKoven, Timo Buhl, Nina Botto, Ana Maria Giménez-Arnau, Rosella Gallo, Christen Mowad, Claudia C. V. Lang, Vincent A. DeLeo, Graham Johnston, Melanie D. Pratt, Knut Brockow, Brandon L. Adler, Marie-Claude Houle, Heinrich Dickel, Marie Louise A. Schuttelaar, JiaDe Yu, Radoslaw Spiewak, Cory Dunnick, Francesca Larese Filon, Skaidra Valiukevičienė, Wolfgang Uter, Reeder, Margo J, Warshaw, Erin, Aravamuthan, Srikanth, Belsito, Donald V, Geier, Johanne, Wilkinson, Mark, Atwater, Amber Reck, White, Ian R, Silverberg, Jonathan I, Taylor, James S, Fowler, Joseph F, Maibach, Howard I, Dekoven, Joel G, Buhl, Timo, Botto, Nina, Giménez-Arnau, Ana Maria, Gallo, Rosella, Mowad, Christen, Lang, Claudia C V, Deleo, Vincent A, Johnston, Graham, Pratt, Melanie D, Brockow, Knut, Adler, Brandon L, Houle, Marie-Claude, Dickel, Heinrich, Schuttelaar, Marie Louise A, Yu, Jiade, Spiewak, Radoslaw, Dunnick, Cory, Larese Filon, Francesca, Valiukeviciene, Skaidra, and Uter, Wolfgang

Subjects
isothiazolinones, epidemiology, Dermatology, patch test
Abstract

ImportanceThe common use of isothiazolinones as preservatives is a global cause of allergic contact dermatitis. Differences in allowable concentrations of methylisothiazolinone (MI) exist in Europe, Canada, and the US.ObjectiveTo compare the prevalence of positive patch test reactions to the methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI) combination and MI alone in North America and Europe from 2009 to 2018.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective analysis of North American Contact Dermatitis Group, European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies (ESSCA), and the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK) databases included data from patients presenting for patch testing at referral patch test clinics in North America and Europe.ExposuresPatch tests to MCI/MI and MI.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrevalence of allergic contact dermatitis to MCI/MI and MI.ResultsFrom 2009 to 2018, participating sites in North America and Europe patch tested a total of 226 161 individuals to MCI/MI and 118 779 to MI. In Europe, positivity to MCI/MI peaked during 2013 and 2014 at 7.6% (ESSCA) and 5.4% (IVDK) before decreasing to 4.4% (ESSCA) and 3.2% (IVDK) during 2017 and 2018. Positive reactions to MI were 5.5% (ESSCA) and 3.4% (IVDK) during 2017 and 2018. In North America, the frequency of positivity to MCI/MI increased steadily through the study period, reaching 10.8% for MCI/MI during 2017 and 2018. Positive reactions to MI were 15.0% during 2017 and 2018.Conclusions and RelevanceThe study results suggest that in contrast to the continued increase in North America, isothiazolinone allergy is decreasing in Europe. This trend may coincide with earlier and more stringent government regulation of MI in Europe.

Published
2023

3. Patch test results in children and adolescents across Europe. Analysis of the ESSCA Network† 2002–2010

Author

Belloni Fortina, Anna, Cooper, Susan M., Spiewak, Radoslaw, Fontana, Elena, Schnuch, Axel, Uter, Wolfgang, Aberer, Werner, Bircher, Andreas, Simon, Dagmar, Ballmer-Weber, Barbara, Frosch, Peter, Fuchs, Thomas, Brasch, Jochen, Bauer, Andrea, Elsner, Peter, John, Swen Malte, Mahler, Vera, Weisshaar, Elke, Johansen, Jeanne Duus, Giménez Arnau, Ana, Sánchez-Pérez, Javier, Fco. Silvestre, Juan, García-Gavín, Juan, Fernández-Redondo, Virginia, Carlos Amario-Hita, José, Rantanen, Tapio, Ayala, Fabio, Balato, Anna, Peserico, Andrea, Filon, Francesca Larese, Wallnofer, W., Corradin, Maria Teresa, Gallo, Rosella, Coenraads, Pieter-Jan, Schuttelaar, Marie-Louise, Rustemeyer, Thomas, Krecicz, Beata, Kieć-Świerczyńska, Marta, Czarnecka-Operacz, Magdalena, Sadowska, Anna, Dugonik, Aleksandra, Pandurovic, Maja Kalac, Kmecl, Tanja, Vok, Marko, Orton, David I., Green, Cathy M., Wilkinson, Mark, Sansom, Jane E., King, Codagh M., Horne, Helen L., English, John S.C., Graham, Johnston, Statham, Barry N., Chowdhury, Mahbub M.U., Stone, Natalie, Cooper, Sue, Gawkrodger, David J., and Ormerod, Anthony D.

Published
2015
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4. A Straight Talking Introduction to Therapy

Author

Matt Wotton, Graham Johnston, Matt Wotton, and Graham Johnston

Abstract

In this new addition to the very popular'Straight Talking Introductions'series, two experienced psychotherapists provide a simple, factual, objective explanation of what you get when you seek therapy. Based on the latest research, this book tells you what works (and doesn't work), how it works, what you should look for from therapy and your therapist, and what to do if it isn't helping. With more than 500 different types of talking therapy on offer, mostly provided in the private sector, it can be a bewildering experience trying to find what will best help you with your problems. But therapy does work, and this essential guide will help you get the most from what it offers.

Published
2023

5. A response to Steve Myers: The transcendent function is different in kind

Author

James Graham Johnston and Barbara Helen Miller

Subjects
Typology, Psychoanalysis, media_common.quotation_subject, 05 social sciences, In kind, 050108 psychoanalysis, Clinical Psychology, 0502 economics and business, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Function (engineering), Psychology, Individuation, 050212 sport, leisure & tourism, media_common
Published
2017
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6. Clinical outcomes and response of patients applying topical therapy for pyoderma gangrenosum: A prospective cohort study

Author

Kim S. Thomas, Anthony D. Ormerod, Fiona E. Craig, Nicola Greenlaw, John Norrie, Eleanor Mitchell, James M. Mason, Graham A. Johnston, Shyamal Wahie, Hywel C. Williams, Julie Barnes, Brian Barnes, Fiona Craig, Katharine Foster, Ellie Harrison, Sally Kucyj, Alan Maplethorpe, James Mason, Anthony Ormerod, Aisha Shafayat, Daniel Simpkins, Kim Thomas, Diane Whitham, Hywel Williams, Linda Lawson, Alex Anstey, Catherine Watkins, Sarah Mitchell, Richard Goodwin, Cilla Benge, Gosia Skibinska, N. Ariffin, Janice Armitt, Nhlanhla Mguni, Maxwell Masuku, Kerry Goodsell, Linda Johnson, John Ingram, Girish Patel, Mabs Chowdhury, Richard Motley, Anne Thomas, Colin Long, Anew Morris, Vincent Piguet, Manju Kalavala, Ru Katugampla, Catherine Blasdale, Stephanie Lateo, Neil Rajan, Anne Thomson, Sivakumar Natarajan, Therese Sripathy, Maneesha Vatve, Vrinda Bajaj, Keith Freeman, Mary Carr, Adam Ferguson, Katherine Riches, Susannah Baron, Claire Fuller, Anthea Potter, Laura Brockway, Ashley Cooper, Susan Thompson, Emilia Duarte-Williamson, Catherine Smith, Gemma Minifie, Naomi Hare, Kate Thornberry, Shika Gupta, Sinead Langan, Alison Layton, Angela Wray, Benjamin Walker, Gayle Law, Elizabeth Marshall, Shernaz Walton, Katherine Ashton, Angela Oswald, Deborah Graham, Peter Jones, Vanessa Smith, Debbie Shipley, Claire Duggan, Sarah Jones, Carol Thomas, Sally-Ann Rolls, Emma Veysey, Simon Meggitt, Nick Levell, Kevin Lee, Pariyawan Rakvit, George Millington, Karen Banks-Dunnell, Natasha Chetty, Clive Grattan, Syed Shah, Donna Butcher, Marinela Nik, Kathleen Gilbanks, Neil Cox, John English, Ruth Murphy, William Perkins, Sheelagh Littlewood, Jan Bong, Moona Malik, Jonathan Batchelor, Catriona Wootton, Sue Davies-Jones, Joanne Llewellyn, Suzanne Cheng, Maulina Sharma, Janet Angus, Sandeep Varma, Stuart Cohen, Graham Ogg, Susan Burge, Vanessa Venning, Susan Cooper, Tess McPherson, Lisa Matter, Christopher Bower, Robert James, Shireen Velangi, Weronika Szczecinska, Tinomuda Shumba, Jane Ravenscroft, Azaharry Yaakub, Hong Trinh, Anna Chapman, Natalie Miller, Yana Estfan, Gwendoline Reeves, Rachel Wachsmuth, Victoria Lewis, Hazel Bell, Richard Azurdia, Maeve Walsh, Caroline Angit, Kok Ngan, Anea Young, Julie Murgaza, Paula Taylor, Hamish Hunter, Agustin Martin-Clavijo, Renuga Raghavenan, Lucy Evriviades, Helen Lewis, Giles Dunnill, Adam Bray, David De Berker, Graham Johnston, John McKenna, Catherine Shelley, Mohammad Ghazavi, Alison Hill, Maggie Kirkup, Glenn Saunders, Hugh Lloyd-Jones, Dawn Simmons, Donna Cotterill, and UK Dermatology Clinical Trials , Network's STOP GAP Team

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, RL, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Dermatology, Administration, Cutaneous, Tacrolimus, Medication Adherence, law.invention, 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Recurrence, law, Skin Ulcer, Humans, Medicine, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Aged, Clobetasol, business.industry, Hazard ratio, Dermatology Life Quality Index, Middle Aged, Skin ulcer, medicine.disease, Pyoderma Gangrenosum, Pyoderma gangrenosum, Topical therapy, Corticosteroid, Tacrolimus, Side effects, Cohort, Treatment Outcome, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cohort, Quality of Life, Female, Dermatologic Agents, medicine.symptom, Clobetasol propionate, business, Pyoderma gangrenosum, medicine.drug
Abstract

Background:\ud Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is an uncommon dermatosis with a limited evidence base for treatment.\ud \ud Objective:\ud We sought to estimate the effectiveness of topical therapies in the treatment of patients with PG.\ud \ud Methods:\ud This was a retrospective cohort study of UK secondary care patients with a clinical diagnosis of PG that was suitable for topical treatment (recruited between July 2009 and June 2012). Participants received topical therapy after normal clinical practice (primarily topical corticosteroids [classes I-III] and tacrolimus 0.03% or 0.1%). The primary outcome was speed of healing at 6 weeks. Secondary outcomes included the following: proportion healed by 6 months; time to healing; global assessment; inflammation; pain; quality of life; treatment failure; and recurrence.\ud \ud Results:\ud Sixty-six patients (22-85 years of age) were enrolled. Clobetasol propionate 0.05% was the most commonly prescribed therapy. Overall, 28 of 66 (43.8%) ulcers healed by 6 months. The median time to healing was 145 days (95% confidence interval, 96 days to ∞). Initial ulcer size was a significant predictor of time to healing (hazard ratio, 0.94 [95% confidence interval, 0.88-1.00); P = .043). Four patients (15%) had a recurrence.\ud \ud Limitations:\ud Our study did not include a randomized comparator.\ud \ud Conclusion:\ud Topical therapy is potentially an effective first-line treatment for PG that avoids the possible side effects associated with systemic therapy. It remains unclear whether more severe disease will respond adequately to topical therapy alone.

Published
2016
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7. Assemblages of deepwater shark species along the north east Atlantic continental slope

Author

Brendan O' Hea, Sarah Davie, Graham Johnston, and Leonie O’ Dowd

Subjects
geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Continental shelf, North east, Aquatic Science, Catch per unit effort, Oceanography, biology.organism_classification, Squaliformes, biology.animal, Porcupine, Geology
Abstract

Significant variation in deepwater shark assemblages between those found in the 500 m depth band, and those of deeper waters is identified in the analysis of data from the northeast Atlantic continental slope and the northern slope of the Porcupine Bank. Deepwater shark data from four research surveys carried out between 2006 and 2009 yielded twenty-one deepwater shark species from five depth strata across three areas. It is suggested that a new grouping of sharks, “slope”, be considered to reflect those species that are not easily categorised as either Shelf or Deepwater. This may have implications for assessment and management. Depth was identified as having a major influence on the variability of shark catch per unit effort (CPUE), whilst less variability was detected across the area or between years, indicating that depth based management rather than local or regional management measures may be more appropriate.

Published
2020
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10. Dermatology

Author

Robin Graham-Brown, Karen Harman, Graham Johnston, Robin Graham-Brown, Karen Harman, and Graham Johnston

Subjects
Skin--Diseases, Skin--Diseases--Outlines, syllabi, etc, Dermatology--Outlines, syllabi, etc
Abstract

“A very well written introductory dermatology text with excellent clinical photographs and diagrams. We would highly recommend this for those wishing to grasp the basic concepts in dermatology.” British Journal of Dermatology Dermatology Lecture Notes presents an accessible overview of skin structure and function, along with the practical aspects of disease management. Now in its 11th edition, it has been thoroughly updated to focus on recent advances in the knowledge of skin diseases and their treatment. It combines readability with high quality illustrations, and is the ideal guide for new comers to the specialty as well as those more advanced in their studies. Key features include:• An overview of the basics of skin structure and function, as well as practical aspects of disease management• Excellent clinical photographs, diagrams and histological images• Newly expanded and updated sections on benign skin tumours, viruses, emergency dermatology (skin failure in particular) and vascular disorders• Includes a companion website at www.lecturenoteseries.com/dermatology featuring self-assessment and case studies With beautiful colour artwork throughout, Dermatology Lecture Notes includes a glossary of dermatological terms, and provides an excellent balance between theory and clinical relevance.

Published
2016

11. Incidence of severe critical events in paediatric anaesthesia (APRICOT): a prospective multicentre observational study in 261 hospitals in Europe

Author

Walid Habre, Nicola Disma, Katalin Virag, Karin Becke, Tom G Hansen, Martin Jöhr, Brigitte Leva, Neil S Morton, Petronella M Vermeulen, Marzena Zielinska, Krisztina Boda, Francis Veyckemans, Walter Klimscha, Regina Konecny, Robert Luntzer, Ulrike Morawk-Wintersperger, Franz Neiger, Lydia Rustemeyer, Christian Breschan, Denise Frey, Manuela Platzer, Reinhard Germann, Joachim Oeding, Birgit Stoegermüller, Bernhard Ziegler, Philipp Brotatsch, Anton Gutmann, Gerlinde Mausser, Brigitte Messerer, Wolfgang Toller, Maria Vittinghoff, Gregor Zangl, Natascha Seidel-Ahyai, Christoph Hochhold, Ruth Kroess, Peter Paal, Steven Cnudde, Patricia Coucke, Birgit Loveniers, John Mitchell, David Kahn, Thierry Pirotte, Caroline Pregardien, Marc Coppens, Stefan De Hert, Björn Heyse, Martine Neckebroek, Aliaksandra Parashchanka, Jurgen Van Limmen, Nancy Van Den Eynde, Caroline Vanpeteghem, Piet Wyffels, Michaël Lalot, Jean-Paul Lechat, France Stevens, Sari Casaer, Françoise De Groote, Françoise De Pooter, Andrée De Villé, Marc Gerin, Natalia Magasich, Cristel Sanchez Torres, Denise Van Deenen, Johan Berghmans, Dirk Himpe, Eva Roofthooft, Ellen Joukes, Carine Smitz, Veronique Van Reeth, Christel Huygens, Julie Lauweryns, Karen De Smet, Nadia Najafi, Jan Poelaert, Anne Van de Velde, Veerle Van Mossevelde, Ivan Bekavac, Diana Butkovic, Dubravka Heli Litvic, Ivana Kerovec Soric, Hrvoje Maretic, Djurdjica Moscatello, Ljiljana Popovic, Slobodan Micici, Ivana Stuck Tus, Lada Kalagac Fabris, Tatjana Simurina, Nina Sulen, Gordana Kesic-Valpotic, Dajana Djapic, Jirí Žurek, Lucie Jureckova, Iveta Mackova, Monika Skacel, Stanislava Weinlichova, Jan Divák, Michal Frelich, René Urbanec, Vera Biskupova, Vladimir Mixa, Jana Pavlickova, Arash Afshari, Morten Bøttger, Marguerite B. Ellekvist, Mathias Johansen, Birgitte Ingeborg Madsen, Jens Christian Nilsson, Birgitte MB Schousboe, Nicola G. Clausen, Tom G. Hansen, Nick Phaff Steen, Mari-Liis Ilmoja, Virge Tonise, Juri Karjagin, Reet Kikas, Mika Isohanni, Anniina Lyly, Annika Takala, Johanna Happo, Kai Kiviluoma, Kati Martikainen, Riku Aantaa, Tuula Manner, Sanna Vilo, Catherine Amory, Hugues Ludot, Patricia Lambotte, René Busche, Olivier Jacqmarcq, Corinne Lejus, Julien Corouge, Christian Erb, Delphine Garrigue, Patricia Gillet, Anne Laffargue, Veronique Lambelin, Hélène Le Freche, Daliana Peresbota, Pierre Richart, Jerome Berton, Catherine Chapotte, Laurent Colbus, Thierry Lehousse, Jean Monrigal, Catherine Baujard, Philippe Roulleau, Giuseppe Staiti, Hélène Batoz, Maryline Bordes, Anne Didier, Yann Hamonic, Sylvaine Lagarde, Karine Nouette-Gaulain, François Semjen, Brigitte Zaghet, Jacky Dekens, Axelle Delcuze, Hervé Dupont, Aurélien Legrand, Celine Raffoflandreur, Noémie Audren, Blandine Camus, Marielle Cartal, Chantal Chazelet, Isabelle Davin, Marion Guillier, Luc Desjeux, Claire Larcher, Elodie Grein, Mickeal Leclercq, Roxana Levitchi, Lilica Rosu, Dominique Simon, Aurélien Zang, Anne Migeon, Anne-Charlotte Gagey, Nathalie Bourdaud, Anne-Charlotte Carre, Frédéric Duflo, Jean-Claude Riche, Philippe Robert, Emilie Druot, Olivier Maupain, Gilles Orliaguet, Lucie Sabau, Hanna Taright, Lynn Uhrig, Juliette Verchere-Montmayeur, Lise Debrabant, Clotaire Pilla, Alexandre Podvin, Benjamin Roth, Souhayl Dahmani, Florence Julien-Marsollier, Nada Sabourdin, Bogdan Alexandri, Gilles Brezac, Francois de la Brière, Catherine Hayem, Elizabeth Lhubat, Jean Paul Mission, Charlotte Rémond, Christophe Dadure, Maud Maniora, Anais Marie, Philippe Pirat, Anne-Charlotte Saour, Chrystelle Sola, Claude Ecoffey, Eric Wodey, Christian Adam, Thomas Standl, Ehrenfried Schindler, Tomohiro Yamamoto, Michael Brackhahn, Christoph Bernhard Eich, Holger Guericke, Petra Kindermann, Michael Laschat, Cornel Schink, Frank Wappler, Claudia Hoehne, Natalia Skordou, Johanna Ulrici, Martin Jetzek-Zader, Peter Kienbaum, Tanja Meyer-Treschan, Olaf Picker, Maximilian S. Schaefer, Golo Mielke, Sabine Baethge, Axel Ramminger, Martin Bauer, Matthias Bollinger, José Hinz, Michael Quintel, Sebastian G. Russo, Michael Bauer, Dfominik Geil, Andreas Kortgen, Niels-Peter Preussler, Ulrich Hofmann, Manfred Raber, Doris Reindl, Karin Oppenrieder, Bettina Schierlinger, Jens Roth, Wolfgang Funk, Thomas Fischer, Christian Gernoth, Christina Wiefelspütz, Hauke Volger, Nicole Zederer, Anja Diers, Matthias Huber, Clemens Schorer, Andreas Weyland, Konrad Schwarzkopf, Catharina Grau, Winfried Roth, Rolf Holy, Thomas Mader, Laura Peter, Hauke Supthut, Thomas Kuehhirt, Alexander Milde, Fritz Fiedler, Carsten Isselhorst, Ulrich Grundmann, Alexander Pattar, Jennifer Reinert, Birgit Ehm, Katrin Fritzsche, Ralf Gaebler, Patrick Meybohm, Maximilian Hein, Ines Guzman, Johanna Jokinen, Peter Kranke, Ulrich Goebel, Sarah Harris, Christoph Eisner, Miriam Ochsenreiter, Michael Schoeler, Elke Thil, Richard Ellerkmann, Andreas Hoeft, Claudia Neumann, Stefan Weber, Julia Keilhauer, Jan Kloessing, Michael Schramm, Uwe Trieschmann, Kristina Knauss, Barbara Sinner, Johannes Steinmann, Herbert Koessler, Evagelia Kalliardou, Anna Malisiova, Adelais Tsiotou, Pelagia Chloropoulou, Mpratzou Chrysi, Despoina Iordanidou, Merkourios Ntavlis, Krisztina B Boda, Christilynn Guerin, Janice Irwin, Claire Magner, Solmaz Nakhjavani, Brendan O'Hare, Deborah Galvin, Yosry Jamil, Carlos Lesmes, Yuri Barak, Haran Fisher, Ludmyla Kachko, Jacob Katz, Dmitry Kirilov, Michael Levinzon, Yair Manevich, Konstantin Nekrasov, Elia Peled, Elena Sanko, Dmitri Schmain, Olga Sheinkin, Eliahu Simhi, Alex Tarabikin, Evelina Trabkin, Irena Yagudaev, Yelena Zeitlin, Igor Zunser, Elisabetta Cerutti, Maria Maddalena Schellino, Silvia Valzan, Rosa Lucia Pinciroli, Luciano Bortone, Giorgia Cerati, Fabiana Salici, Leonardo Bussolin, Giuliana Rizzo, Francesca Rossetti, Laura Marchesini, Simonetta Tesoro, Brita De Lorenzo, Fabio Guarracino, Beate Kuppers, Marinella Astuto, Sofia Pitino, Rita Scalisi, Lucia Scordo, Sandra D'Alessandro, Luigi Dei Giudici, Ivano Farinelli, Giuseppe Lofino, Giuliano Marchetti, Sergio Giuseppe Picardo, Simone Reali, Alessandro Vittori, Francesco Antonio Idone, Maria Sammartino, Fabio Sbaraglia, Cinzia Barbera, Michela Bevilacqua, Valeria Cento, Svetlana Kotzeva, Leila Mameli, Giovanni Montobbio, Leandro Passariello, Cinzia Punzo, Rosanna Sileo, Rosanna Viacava, Claudia Volpe, Clelia Zanaboni, Edoardo Calderini, Daniele Genco, Simona Neri, Davide Ottolina, Anna Camporesi, Francesca Izzo, Ida Salvo, Andrea Wolfler, Andrea Sanna, Angela Sciascia, Paolo Stoia, Annamaria Guddo, Maria Lapi, Giorgio Ivani, Annalisa Longobardo, Valeria Mossetti, Dino Pedrotti, Maurizia Grazzini, Luisa Meneghini, Salvatore Metrangolo, Stefania Michelon, Carmelo Minardi, Costanza Tognon, Nicola Zadra, Ilaria Busi, Magda Khotcholava, Bruno Guido Locatelli, Valter Sonzogni, Giusi Starita, Nicole Almenrader, Caterina Aurilio, Pasquale Sansone, Raffaella Albarello, Paolo Bracci, Mariateresa Cecini, Maria Cristina Mondardini, Lorena Pasini, Milo Vason, Gianluca Zani, Roberto Zoppellari, Laura Pistidda, Andrea Cortegiani, Santi Maurizio Raineri, Antigona Hasani, Medita Hashimi, Agris Ancupans, Arta Barzdina, Zane Straume, Anda Zundane, Mikhail Chlopin, Dalia Gestautaite, Laura Lukosiene, Evelina Paliokaite, Ilona Razlevice, Inesa Armoniene, Aurelija Bernotiene, Vidunas Daugelavicius, Ilona Dockiene, Lina Gaidelyte, Nijole Saviciene, Jolita Krikstaponiene, Dominika Sidlovskaite-Baltake, Vladyslav Stasevski, Agne Vaitoskaite, David Gatt, Stephanie Mifsud, Simone Zammit, Celia Allison, Hamid Aslami, Susanne Eberl, Mireille F M van Stijn, Markus F Stevens, Kees Punt, Rob van Osch, Arthur Bauwman, Harm Scholten, Vesna Svircevic, Veronique Adriaens, Maaike Dirckx, Jaap Dogger, Ilse Dons-Sinke, Andreas Machotta, Xavier Moors, Mandana Rad, Lonneke Staals, Anouk van der Knijff - van Dortmont, Caroline van der Marel, Anne Sieben, Tim van der Zwan, Marianne Veldhuizen, David Alders, Wolfgang Buhre, Nicole Engel, Carine Vossen, Ravin Mahadewsing, Patrick Meijer, Volker Gerling, Roelof van der Schatte Olivier, Thea van Doorn, Kristy Vons Mark Hendriks, Sandra Lako, Gert jan Scheffer, Luc Tielens, Marieke Voet, Anthony Absalom, Margot Bergsma, Vera Spanjer, Rob Spanjersberg, Yvette van de Riet, Martin Volkers, Jurgen C. de Graaff, Geranne A.J. Hopman, Teus H. Kappen, J. Hannie, A.M. Megens, Sandra C. Numan, Anton N.J. Schouten, Nigel M. Turner, Désirée B.M. Van Der Werff, Renee T.M. Wensing, Erik Ephraim, Claire Nolte, Tore Reikvam, Ole Fredrik Lund, Lene Skaaden, Kari Marthe Ballovarre, Wenche Bakken Boerke, Guro Grindheim, Pal H H Lindenskov, Anne Beate Solas, Sjur Sponheim, Kyrre Ullensvang, Oddbjorn Viken, Inger Marie Drage, Kasper Gymoese Berthelsen, Bjørn Anders Kroken, Unni Bergland, Miroslaw Pryzmont, Mariola Talalaj, Malgorzata Wasiluk, Dorota Zalewska, Maria Damps, Jadzia Siemek-Mitela, Pawel Wieczorek, Magdalena Juzwa, Jowita Rosada-Kurasinska, Alicja Bartkowska-Sniatkowska, Maciej Cettler, Renata Kopycinska, Iwona Rudewicz, Jaek Sobczyk, Dariusz Wojciechowski, Artur Baranowski, Ewa Basiewicz, Magdalena Mierzewska-Schmidt, Wlodzimierz Retka, Piotr Sawicki, Magdalena Checinska, Magdalena Zurawska, Teresa Leal, Catia Mascarenhas, António Pedro Pina, Maria Joao Susano, Antonio Moniz, Maria Teresa Rocha, Carolina Calvao Santos, M Domingas Patuleia, Ricardo Pereira, Helena Roxo, Rosa Amaral, Isabel Guedes, Cristina Gomes, Marta Gonçalves, Helena Salgado, Maria Santos, Sara Rodrigues, Angela Sa, Elvira Machado, Sandra Pé d'Arca, Manuel Seabra, Ligia Mihaela Gheorghe, Constantin Ivascu, Lucia Moraru-Draghici, Mirela Suvejan, Remus Babici, Kovacs Eniko, Cristiana Hogea, Dubau Mihaela, Daraban Nicoleta, Danut Barbunc, Alina Maria Nistor, Violeta Stefan, Gabriela Catalina Ionescu, Irina Davidescu, Alina Teodora Nastase, Florin Dumitru Rusu, Victoria Badarau, Iulia Cindea, Melania Moscaliuc, Dana Olteanu, Luxita Petrescu, Daniela Ceuca, Irena Galinescu, Rodica Badeti, Alin Capusan, Cosmina Cucui-Cozma, Barbura Popescu, Luminita Cimpeanu, Mihaela-Petronela Birliba, Magdalena Miulescu, Stefania Balamat, Adriana Gurita, Luminita Ilie, Gabriel Mocioiu, Darina Pick, Rodica Sirghie, Radu Tabacaru, Irinel Trante, Lucian Horhota, Daniela Bandrabur, Tudor Ciobanu, Veaceslav Cuciuc, Valentin Munteanu, Valentin Olaru, Corneliu Paiu, Anca Savu, Oana Trifan, Anca Elena Malos, Anton Glazunov, Alexander Ivanov, Evgeny Poduskov, Alexander Popov, Igor Guskov, Alexander Lugovoy, Vladislav Nechaev, Alexey Ovezov, Mikhail Basov, Vladimir Kochkin, Vladimir Lazarev, Dmitri Chizhov, Ivan Ostreikov, Konstantin Tolasov, Ivana Budic, Vesna Marjanovic, Biljana Draskovic, Marina Pandurov, Jovana Simin, Vladimir Dolinaj, Dusanka Janjevic, Ana Mandras, Maja Mircetic, Sladjana Petrovic, Vlatka Rebac, Bojana Slavkovic, Vesna Stevanovic, Ana Velcev, Mirjana Knezevic, Irina Milojevic, Selena Puric, Irena Simic, Marija Stevic, Vladimir Stranjanac, Dusica Simic, Barbora Cabanova, Miloslav Hanula, Andry Grynyuk, Jelena Berger, Uros Cerne, Andraz Nastran, Dejan Pirc, Rok Popic, Spela Stupnik, Paloma Rubio, Cristina del Río, Pilar Benito, Gema Pino, Ignacio Gutierrez, Andrea Gutierrez Valcarcel, Irene León Carsi, Anibal Perez Garcia, Sílvia López Galera, Joan Marco Valls, Laura Ricol Lainez, Andrea Vallejo Tarrat, David Artes, Ester Banus, Luca Chirichiello, Leidy De Abreu, Belen De Josemaria, M Helena Gaitan, Antonio Garces, Juan J Lazaro, Ferran Manen Berga, Dolors Molies, Enric Monclus, Montserrat Navaro, Carmen Pamies, Marina Perelló, Mar Prat, Laura Ribo, M Angeles Sanz, Silvia Serrano, Eva Sola Ruiz, Blanca Anuncia Escontrela Rodríguez, Andrea Maria Gago Martinez, Alberto Martínez Ruiz, Fausto De La Cruz Benito, Gustavo Gabilondo Garcia, Ever Martinez Maldonado, Bryant Noriega, Lara Oller Duque, Alberto Olmos Mendez, Antonio Perez- Ferrer, Francisco Reinoso Barbero, Ismael Acevedo Bambaren, Fernando Domínguez, Teresa Franco, Anabel Jiménez, Alicia Melero, Montserrat Feliu, Irene García, Núria Montferrer, Francisca Munar, Cristina Muro, Rosario Nuño, Remel Perera, Erika Schmucker, Glenda Börjesson, Lars Gillberg, Albert Castellheim, Kerstin Sandström, Annette Bauer, Torbjörn Roos, Lars Hedlund, Yann Boegli, Mirko Dolci, Carine Marcucci, Isabelle Spahr-Schopfer, Michel Pellegrini, Malte Book, Loreen Errass, Christine Riggenbach, Mattias Casutt, Martin Hölzle, Thomas Hurni, Jacqueline Mauch, Luciano Anselmi, Irene Anselmi, Alfred 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M., Ephraim, Erik, Nolte, Claire, Reikvam, Tore, Fredrik Lund, Ole, Skaaden, Lene, Marthe Ballovarre, Kari, Bakken Boerke, Wenche, Grindheim, Guro, Lindenskov, Pal H. H, Beate Solas, Anne, Sponheim, Sjur, Ullensvang, Kyrre, Viken, Oddbjorn, Marie Drage, Inger, Gymoese Berthelsen, Kasper, Anders Kroken, Bjørn, Bergland, Unni, Pryzmont, Miroslaw, Talalaj, Mariola, Wasiluk, Malgorzata, Zalewska, Dorota, Damps, Maria, Siemek Mitela, Jadzia, Wieczorek, Pawel, Juzwa, Magdalena, Rosada Kurasinska, Jowita, Bartkowska Sniatkowska, Alicja, Cettler, Maciej, Kopycinska, Renata, Rudewicz, Iwona, Sobczyk, Jaek, Wojciechowski, Dariusz, Baranowski, Artur, Basiewicz, Ewa, Mierzewska Schmidt, Magdalena, Retka, Wlodzimierz, Sawicki, Piotr, Checinska, Magdalena, Zurawska, Magdalena, Leal, Teresa, Mascarenhas, Catia, Pedro Pina, António, Joao Susano, Maria, Moniz, Antonio, Teresa Rocha, Maria, Calvao Santos, Carolina, Domingas Patuleia, M., Pereira, Ricardo, Roxo, Helena, Amaral, Rosa, Guedes, Isabel, Gomes, Cristina, Gonçalves, Marta, Salgado, Helena, Santos, Maria, Rodrigues, Sara, Sa, Angela, Machado, Elvira, Pé d'Arca, Sandra, Seabra, Manuel, Mihaela Gheorghe, Ligia, Ivascu, Constantin, Moraru Draghici, Lucia, Suvejan, Mirela, Babici, Remu, Eniko, Kovac, Hogea, Cristiana, Mihaela, Dubau, Nicoleta, Daraban, Barbunc, Danut, Maria Nistor, Alina, Stefan, Violeta, Catalina Ionescu, Gabriela, Davidescu, Irina, Teodora Nastase, Alina, Dumitru Rusu, Florin, Badarau, Victoria, Cindea, Iulia, Moscaliuc, Melania, Olteanu, Dana, Petrescu, Luxita, Ceuca, Daniela, Galinescu, Irena, Badeti, Rodica, Capusan, Alin, Cucui Cozma, Cosmina, Popescu, Barbura, Cimpeanu, Luminita, Birliba, Mihaela Petronela, Miulescu, Magdalena, Balamat, Stefania, Gurita, Adriana, Ilie, Luminita, Mocioiu, Gabriel, Pick, Darina, Sirghie, Rodica, Tabacaru, Radu, Trante, Irinel, Horhota, Lucian, Bandrabur, Daniela, Ciobanu, Tudor, Cuciuc, Veaceslav, Munteanu, Valentin, Olaru, Valentin, Paiu, Corneliu, Savu, Anca, Trifan, Oana, Elena Malos, Anca, Glazunov, Anton, Ivanov, Alexander, Poduskov, Evgeny, Popov, Alexander, Guskov, Igor, Lugovoy, Alexander, Nechaev, Vladislav, Ovezov, Alexey, Basov, Mikhail, Kochkin, Vladimir, Lazarev, Vladimir, Chizhov, Dmitri, Ostreikov, Ivan, Tolasov, Konstantin, Budic, Ivana, Marjanovic, Vesna, Draskovic, Biljana, Pandurov, Marina, Simin, Jovana, Dolinaj, Vladimir, Janjevic, Dusanka, Mandras, Ana, Mircetic, Maja, Petrovic, Sladjana, Rebac, Vlatka, Slavkovic, Bojana, Stevanovic, Vesna, Velcev, Ana, Knezevic, Mirjana, Milojevic, Irina, Puric, Selena, Simic, Irena, Stevic, Marija, Stranjanac, Vladimir, Simic, Dusica, Cabanova, Barbora, Hanula, Miloslav, Grynyuk, Andry, Berger, Jelena, Cerne, Uro, Nastran, Andraz, Pirc, Dejan, Popic, Rok, Stupnik, Spela, Rubio, Paloma, del Río, Cristina, Benito, Pilar, Pino, Gema, Gutierrez, Ignacio, Gutierrez Valcarcel, Andrea, León Carsi, Irene, Perez Garcia, Anibal, López Galera, Sílvia, Marco Valls, Joan, Ricol Lainez, Laura, Vallejo Tarrat, Andrea, Artes, David, Banus, Ester, Chirichiello, Luca, De Abreu, Leidy, De Josemaria, Belen, Helena Gaitan, M., Garces, Antonio, Lazaro, Juan J, Manen Berga, Ferran, Molies, Dolor, Monclus, Enric, Navaro, Montserrat, Pamies, Carmen, Perelló, Marina, Prat, Mar, Ribo, Laura, Angeles Sanz, M., Serrano, Silvia, Sola Ruiz, Eva, Anuncia Escontrela Rodríguez, Blanca, Maria Gago Martinez, Andrea, Martínez Ruiz, Alberto, De La Cruz Benito, Fausto, Gabilondo Garcia, Gustavo, Martinez Maldonado, Ever, Noriega, Bryant, Oller Duque, Lara, Olmos Mendez, Alberto, Perez Ferrer, Antonio, Reinoso Barbero, Francisco, Acevedo Bambaren, Ismael, Domínguez, Fernando, Franco, Teresa, Jiménez, Anabel, Melero, Alicia, Feliu, Montserrat, García, Irene, Montferrer, Núria, Munar, Francisca, Muro, Cristina, Nuño, Rosario, Perera, Remel, Schmucker, Erika, Börjesson, Glenda, Gillberg, Lar, Castellheim, Albert, Sandström, Kerstin, Bauer, Annette, Roos, Torbjörn, Hedlund, Lar, Boegli, Yann, Dolci, Mirko, Marcucci, Carine, Spahr Schopfer, Isabelle, Pellegrini, Michel, Book, Malte, Errass, Loreen, Riggenbach, Christine, Casutt, Mattia, Hölzle, Martin, Hurni, Thoma, Mauch, Jacqueline, Anselmi, Luciano, Anselmi, Irene, Jacomet, Alfred, Oberhauser, Marku, Wossner, Stephanie, Zettl, Angelika, Erb, Thoma, Mackiewicz, Tomasz, Simitzes, Helena, Ozer, Yetkin, Takil, Arzu, Alanoglu, Zekeriyya, Bermede, Onat, Cakar Turhan, K. Sanem, Alkis, Neslihan, Yildirim Guclu, Cigdem, Ceyda Meco, Basak, Hatipoglu, Zehra, Ozcengiz, Dilek, Begec, Zekine, Ilksen Toprak, Huseyin, Kendigelen, Pinar, Cigdem Tütüncü, Ayse, Karadeniz, Meltem Savran, Seyhan Ozkan, Tulay, Sivrikoz, Nuket, Kemal Arslantas, Mustafa, Hizal, Ayse, Tore Altun, Gülbin, Umuroglu, Tumay, Baris, Sibel, Kazak Bengisun, Zuleyha, Goncharenko, Galyna, Khrapak, Maksym, Klymenko, Tetyana, Pavlenko, Vitaliy, Prysiazhniuk, Dmytro, Rudio, Olga, Varyvoda, Mykhailo, Vodianytskyi, Sergii, Boryshkevych, Ivanna, Kyselova, Iryna, Trikash, Nikolay, Albokrinov, Andrew, Perova Sharonova, Valentina, Sklyar, Vitaliy, Surkov, Deni, Abdelaal, Amr, Barber, Nicola, Checuti, Sarah, Godsiff, Leisha, Johanne, Lynch, Simpson, Joanna, Underhill, Helen, Diwan, Rishi, Kelgeri, Nivedita, Masip, Nuria, Ravi, Radha, Roberts, Steve, Cillis, Annagrazia, Marcus, Ritchie, Merella, Federica, Love, David, Baraggia, Paolo, Bird, Victoria, Hussey, Joseph, Alderson, Peter, Bartholomew, Karen, Moncreiff, Michael, Davidson, Sarah, Hare, Alison, Kotecha, Ami, Lee, Corina, Liyanage, Ganga, Patel, Shivali, Samani, Amee, Abou Samra, Mark, Boyd, Matthew, Hullatt, Laurence, Levy, David, Pauling, Mark, Sharman, Sarah Jane, Smith, Natalie, Rutherford, John, Cavalier, Alison, Locke, Christie, Sage, Frederic, Bapat, Smita, Hammerschlag, Jacinda, Ioannou, Ioanni, King, Stephanie, Pegg, Rachel, Salota, Vishal, Sketcher, Jonathan, Thadsad, Muthu, Zeitlin, Deborah, Jack, Ewan, Lang, Colin, Ahmed, Samira, Ayyash, Reema, Bari, Francoise, Bell, Sarah J, Elizabeth Biercamp, Claire, Briggs, Sandra, Gabriella Elena Clement, Maria, Dalton, Mark, Ali Eissa Eid, Mohamed, Gandhi, Monica, Harmen Herrema, Idse, Khaffaf, Ranj, Jeng Min Law, Savio, Mcclintock, Joanna, Ireland, Nichola, Majid Saleem, Mohammed, Smith, Fiona, Cohen, Marc, Lee, Clover Ann, O'Donahue, Lizanne, Powell, Alex, Rawlinson, Ellen, Snoek, Aarjan, Weiss, Katja, Wellesley, Hugo, Crawford, Michael, Abdel Hafiz, Mostafa, Day, Alexandra, Rajamani, Balaji, Saha, Rita, Wright, Dave, Chee, Lew Chin, Bew, Stephanie, Homer, Rachel, Malarkkan, Nalini, Wolfe Barry, Juliet, Angadi, Pradeep, Cagney, Brid, De Melo, Eric, Dekker, Elsa, Helm, Emma, Jones, Gareth, Peiris, Kawshala, Russell, William, Slater, Patricia, Sodhi, Puja, Browning, Mike, Phillips, Trudie, Van Hecke, Rachel, Muir, Vimty, Singh, Piyush, Soskova, Tereza, Cumming, Craig, Farquharson, Pamela, Pearson, Karen, Shaw, Neil, Whiteside, Jonathan, Whyte, Emma, Byers, Gordon, Davies, Kay, Engelhardt, Thoma, Faliszewski, Isabella, Johnston, Graham, Kaufmann, Nil, Kusnirikova, Zuzana, Wilson, Graham, Carachi, Peter, Makin, Andrew, Foster, Brian, Lipczynski, Dariusz, Mawer, Rebecca, Rutherford, William, Rogerson, David, Rushman, Sarah, Taylor, Christopher, Tomlinson, William, Dix, Philippa, Woodward, Tom, Bell, Graham, Boyle, David, Cloherty, Marianne, Cullen, Julia, Cullen, Pauline, Fairgrieve, Ro, Ghent, Robert, Glasgow, Russell, Gordeeva, Elena, Harden, Alison, Hivey, Sarah, Jerome, Kevin, Mckee, Lesley, Morton, Neil, Pribul, Vicky, Sinclair, John, Steiner, Maria, Steward, Heather, Sweeney, Lorraine, Thomson, Wendy, Whiteside, Jeanette, Dalton, Andrew, Ross, Mark, Smith, Carolyn, Allen, Claire, Anders, Nicola, Barlow, Victoria, Bassett, Mike, Darwin, Leanne, Davison, Rachel, Diacono, Jacque, Hobbs, Amy, Hutchinson, Adel, Lomas, Bernadette, Lonsdale, Hannah, Nasser, Leila, Oshan, Vimmi, Patel, Pradip, Raistrick, Christopher, Scott Warren, Victoria, Talbot, Laura, Wai, Carolynn, Childs, Sophie, Dickinson, Matthew, Bloomfield, Tom, Garrioch, Sweyn, Watson, Karen, Gaynor, Jame, Harrison, Richard, Lee, Juliette, Blythe, Elizabeth, Dorman, Teresa, Eissa, Ayman, Ellwood, Jame, Gooch, Ingrid, Hearn, Robert, Hodgetts, Vanessa, John, Robert, Kirton, Christine, Ladak, Nadia, Morgan, Judith, Plant, Nina, Shepherd, Elizabeth, Short, Judith, Stack, Charle, Steel, Simon, Taylor, Matthew, Thomas, Deborah, Wilson, Catharine, Wilson Smith, Elaine, Bradbury, Carol L., Hussain, Nageena, Mayell, Antonia, Mesbah, Ahmed, Qureshi, Arif, Vaidyanath, Chandra, Geary, Tim, Hawksworth, Chri, Parasuraman, Tamaraichelvi, Perry, Nicole, Banerjee, Indrani, Barr, Katharine, Butler, Patrick, Davies, Jack, Flewin, Lisa, Gande, Richard, Montague, Jame, Plumb, Jame, Pratt, Thoma, Sutherland, Paul, Vail, Hannah, Wilkins, Andrew, Hunter, Catherine, Russell, Susan, Thomas, Alun, Mifsud, Mark, Strachan, Dominic, Plichon, Benoit, Harlet, Pierre, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, Morawk-Wintersperger, Ulrike, Seidel-Ahyai, Natascha, Lechat, Jean-Paul, Kesic-Valpotic, Gordana, Ilmoja, Mari-Lii, Nouette-Gaulain, Karine, Gagey, Anne-Charlotte, Carre, Anne-Charlotte, Riche, Jean-Claude, Verchere-Montmayeur, Juliette, Julien-Marsollier, Florence, Saour, Anne-Charlotte, Jetzek-Zader, Martin, Meyer-Treschan, Tanja, Preussler, Niels-Peter, Sidlovskaite-Baltake, Dominika, van Stijn, Mireille F M, Dons-Sinke, Ilse, van der Knijff - van Dortmont, Anouk, Hopman, Geranne A.J., Megens, A.M., Schouten, Anton N.J., Van Der Werff, Désirée B.M., Wensing, Renee T.M., Lindenskov, Pal H H, Siemek-Mitela, Jadzia, Rosada-Kurasinska, Jowita, Bartkowska-Sniatkowska, Alicja, Mierzewska-Schmidt, Magdalena, Moraru-Draghici, Lucia, Cucui-Cozma, Cosmina, Birliba, Mihaela-Petronela, Perez- Ferrer, Antonio, Spahr-Schopfer, Isabelle, Cakar Turhan, K.Sanem, Perova-Sharonova, Valentina, Abou-Samra, Mark, Sharman, Sarah-Jane, McClintock, Joanna, Lee, Clover-Ann, Abdel-Hafiz, Mostafa, Chee, Lew-Chin, McKee, Lesley, Scott-Warren, Victoria, and Wilson-Smith, Elaine

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, Health Status, OPERATING-ROOM, Respiratory Tract Diseases, CHILDREN, 0302 clinical medicine, REGIONAL ANESTHESIA, Postoperative Complications, 030202 anesthesiology, CARDIAC-ARREST, Medicine, General anaesthesia, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Child, Intraoperative Complications, COMPLICATIONS, ddc:617, Incidence (epidemiology), Mortality rate, musculoskeletal, neural, and ocular physiology, Incidence, Age Factors, Hospitals, Europe, Cardiovascular Diseases, Child, Preschool, RESPIRATORY ADVERSE EVENTS, Female, Clinical Competence, Cohort study, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, macromolecular substances, Anesthesia, General, Drug Hypersensitivity, 03 medical and health sciences, MORBIDITY, Journal Article, Humans, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Infant, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Perioperative, nervous system, PROSPECTIVE COHORT, Relative risk, RISK-FACTORS, Observational study, Human medicine, Nervous System Diseases, business, SYSTEM
Abstract

Background Little is known about the incidence of severe critical events in children undergoing general anaesthesia in Europe. We aimed to identify the incidence, nature, and outcome of severe critical events in children undergoing anaesthesia, and the associated potential risk factors. Methods The APRICOT study was a prospective observational multicentre cohort study of children from birth to 15 years of age undergoing elective or urgent anaesthesia for diagnostic or surgical procedures. Children were eligible for inclusion during a 2-week period determined prospectively by each centre. There were 261 participating centres across 33 European countries. The primary endpoint was the occurence of perioperative severe critical events requiring immediate intervention. A severe critical event was defined as the occurrence of respiratory, cardiac, allergic, or neurological complications requiring immediate intervention and that led (or could have led) to major disability or death. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01878760. Findings Between April 1, 2014, and Jan 31, 2015, 31 127 anaesthetic procedures in 30 874 children with a mean age of 6·35 years (SD 4·50) were included. The incidence of perioperative severe critical events was 5·2% (95% CI 5·0–5·5) with an incidence of respiratory critical events of 3·1% (2·9–3·3). Cardiovascular instability occurred in 1·9% (1·7–2·1), with an immediate poor outcome in 5·4% (3·7–7·5) of these cases. The all-cause 30-day in-hospital mortality rate was 10 in 10 000. This was independent of type of anaesthesia. Age (relative risk 0·88, 95% CI 0·86–0·90; p

Published
2017
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14. Aspiration and regurgitation prophylaxis in paediatric anaesthesia

Author

Graham Johnston, Thomas Engelhardt, and L Strachan

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, business.industry, General surgery, Aspiration pneumonia, medicine.disease, Cerebral palsy, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, El Niño, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, medicine, Hernia, Cricoid pressure, Elective surgery, Risk factor, Complication, business
Abstract

Background: Surveys of aspiration prophylaxis in paediatric anaesthesia do not exist. Methods: A postal survey was sent out to all UK members of the Association of Paediatric Anaesthetists (APA) to assess current practice. We asked about minimum fasting times for liquids and solids/milk, their routine acid aspiration prophylaxis and perceived risk factors for emergency and elective surgery in children those less than 1 year old and those aged 1–14 years. We also asked if the APA member had more than 10 years experience in paediatric anaesthesia. Results: One hundred and two (55.1%) APA members replied out of a total of 185 questionnaires sent. Eighty-eight (88/102) were considered valid. Fasting in emergencies is approximately 4 h for solids/milk and 2 h for clear liquids. Fasting for elective surgery is between 5 and 6 h for solids/milk and 2 h for clear liquids. Pharmacological methods to reduce the risk of aspiration are not used. Mechanical methods vary from 40–50% for cricoid pressure and 20–30% for nasogastric aspiration if a tube is present. The presence of a hiatus hernia is perceived by over 80% as a risk factor, previous aspiration by over 60%, difficult intubation, cerebral palsy and sepsis by 20–30%. Conclusions: Perceived risk factors vary with ‘experience’: hiatus hernia, difficult intubation and cerebral palsy are less important whereas previous aspiration and renal failure appear to be more important for paediatric anaesthetists with less than 10 years in paediatric anaesthetic practice.

Published
2001
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15. The Shikani Optical Stylet: a useful adjunct to airway management in a neonate with popliteal pterygium syndrome

Author

Graham Johnston and Andrea H. Jansen

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Craniofacial abnormality, medicine.medical_treatment, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Syngnathia, Stylet, Surgery, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Tongue, Popliteal pterygium syndrome, Maxilla, Anesthesia, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, medicine, Airway management, sense organs, business, Airway
Abstract

Summary The craniofacial abnormalities of popliteal pterygium syndrome present unique challenges to the pediatric anesthetist. Congenital fibrous bands between the maxilla and mandible limit mouth opening and the tongue may be fused to the palate. We describe the use of the Shikani Optical Stylet, a novel fiberoptic endoscope, in the airway management of a neonate with popliteal pterygium syndrome and syngnathia.

Published
2007
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16. Length–weight relations for seven grenadier species (Actinopterygii: Gadiformes: Macrouridae) to the west of Ireland

Author

Graham Johnston, Leonie Dransfeld, Brendan O'Hea, and Jonathan White

Subjects
roundnose grenadier, pre-anal fin length, biology, Length weight, growth, Gadiformes, regression comparison, Actinopterygii, Aquatic Science, fishes, biology.organism_classification, length–weight regression, nezumia-aequalis, Fishery, deepwater survey, rattails, pisces, whiptails, northeast Atlantic, atlantic, length-weight regression
Abstract

Length-weight regressions for seven grenadier species: Coryphaenoides rupestris Gunnerus, 1765, Trachyrincus murrayi Gunther, 1887, Coelorinchus caelorhincus (Risso, 1810), Nezumia aequalis (Gunther, 1878), Coryphaenoides mediterraneus (Giglioli, 1893), Coelorinchus labiatus (Kohler, 1896), and Coryphaenoides guentheri (Vaillant, 1888) are calculated from data collected on a series of deepwater surveys conducted by the Irish Marine Institute from 2006 to 2009, on the continental slope to the west and northwest of Ireland and the northern slope of the Porcupine Bank. The regression calculated for roundnose grenadier, C. rupestris, is compared with other regressions calculated for the species from different areas of its north Atlantic range. The difficulties associated with measuring many grenadier species, due to the fragility of their tails, are discussed. A recommendation is made that pre-anal fin length should be accepted as the standard.

Published
2013
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17. Unilateral pupillary dilatation following septoplasty: cause for concern?

Author

Muhammad, Shakeel, Aaron, Trinidade, Imran, Khan, Graham, Johnston, and Akhtar, Hussain

Subjects
Male, Nasal Decongestants, Postoperative Complications, Treatment Outcome, Administration, Topical, Mydriasis, Nasal Surgical Procedures, Imidazoles, Humans, Middle Aged, Turbinates, Nasal Septum
Abstract

We report and explain unilateral pupillary dilatation following routine septoplasty and trimming of inferior turbinates. The unilateral pupillary dilatation was caused by inadvertent instillation of sympathomimetic, (xylometazoline hydrochloride) in the eye during preparation for nasal surgery. The effect was short-lived and the patient made a full recovery. Unilateral pupillary dilatation after sinonasal surgery can be alarming due to the possibility of injury to the globe and intracranial haemorrhage but can also be explained by the mydriatic effect of the sympathomimetic nasal drops and sprays used to decongest the nose. Such possibility should be borne in mind and would help to explain and reduce the anxiety and avoid unnecessary investigations.

Published
2012

18. The Shikani Optical Stylet: a useful adjunct to airway management in a neonate with popliteal pterygium syndrome

Author

Andrea H, Jansen and Graham, Johnston

Subjects
Airway Obstruction, Craniofacial Abnormalities, Methyl Ethers, Sevoflurane, Infant, Newborn, Humans, Equipment Design, Anesthesia, General, Surgical Instruments
Abstract

The craniofacial abnormalities of popliteal pterygium syndrome present unique challenges to the pediatric anesthetist. Congenital fibrous bands between the maxilla and mandible limit mouth opening and the tongue may be fused to the palate. We describe the use of the Shikani Optical Stylet, a novel fiberoptic endoscope, in the airway management of a neonate with popliteal pterygium syndrome and syngnathia.

Published
2008

19. Tramadol for pain relief in children undergoing tonsillectomy: a comparison with morphine

Author

Thomas Engelhardt, Elizabeth Steel, Graham Johnston, and Derek Y. Veitch

Subjects
Time Factors, medicine.drug_class, Nausea, Sedation, Analgesic, Conscious Sedation, Diclofenac, Double-Blind Method, Medicine, Antiemetic, Humans, Prospective Studies, Child, Tramadol, Tonsillectomy, Analysis of Variance, Pain, Postoperative, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Morphine, business.industry, Nalbuphine, Analgesics, Opioid, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Vomiting, medicine.symptom, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Introduction Pain control for paediatric patients undergoing tonsillectomy remains problematic. The combination of intra-operative morphine and rectal diclofenac results in a high incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting as well further analgesic requirements. Tramadol is reported to be an effective analgesic and have a side effect profile similar to morphine. It is not classed as a controlled drug and is available in tablet, suppository and injection form. It is currently not licensed for paediatric use in the UK. Methods We conducted a prospective, double blind, randomised controlled trial in children scheduled for elective tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy at the Royal Aberdeen Children Hospital. Following local ethics committee approval and obtaining a drug exemption certificate from the Medicines Licensing Agency for an unlicensed drug in paediatrics we recruited 60 patients into three groups: morphine (0.1 mg·kg−1), tramadol (1 mg·kg−1) and tramadol (2 mg·kg−1). These drugs were given as a single injection following induction of anaesthesia. In addition, all patients received diclofenac (1 mg·kg−1) rectally. The post-operative analgesic requirements, sedation scores, signs of respiratory depression and nausea and vomiting as well as antiemetic requirements were noted at 4 hourly intervals until discharge. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square, Kruskal–Wallis and one-way anova tests as appropriate. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results There were no statistical significant differences in age, weight, type of operation or induction of anaesthesia, 4 hourly sedation and pain scores and further analgesic requirements. There were no incidences of respiratory depression. Morphine was associated with a significantly higher incidence of vomiting following discharge to the wards (75% vs 40%, P = 0.03) when compared to both tramadol groups. The differences in anti-emetic requirements did not reach statistically significant difference (P = 0.078). Conclusions We conclude that tramadol has similar analgesic properties and side effects when compared with morphine. The pharmaceutical presentation and the availability as a non-controlled substance may make it a useful addition to paediatric anaesthesia if it becomes licensed for paediatric anaesthesia in the UK.

Published
2003

21. A comparison between ilioinguinal-iliohypogastric nerve block performed by anaesthetist or surgeon for postoperative analgesia following groin surgery in children

Author

Graham Johnston, Paul Martin, George Youngson, and Christopher Trotter

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Analgesic, Hernia, Inguinal, Anesthesia, General, Cryptorchidism, Preoperative Care, Medicine, Humans, Statistical analysis, General anaesthesia, Anesthetics, Local, Child, Iliohypogastric nerve block, Pain Measurement, Pain score, Pain, Postoperative, Intraoperative Care, Groin, business.industry, Infant, Nerve Block, Bupivacaine, Surgery, Testicular Hydrocele, surgical procedures, operative, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Pain scoring, Anesthesia, Child, Preschool, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Direct vision, Analgesia, business
Abstract

Summary A study was performed to compare postoperative analgesia in children undergoing groin surgery. Patients were randomly allocated to receive ilioinguinal-iliohypogastric (I-I) nerve blocks using 0.25% plain bupivicaine (0.5 ml·kg−1) performed either percutaneously by the anaesthetist after the induction of general anaesthesia, before surgery commenced, or intraoperatively, under direct vision, by the surgeon. Analgesia was assessed by pain scoring in the recovery room and at hourly intervals for eight h postoperatively. Analgesic requirement was also noted. Statistical analysis of the results revealed no difference in pain score between groups treated either by anaesthetist or surgeon. However, children under two years of age had significantly higher pain scores than those over two.

Published
1995

23. Horizon Scanning to Predict and Prioritize Invasive Alien Species With the Potential to Threaten Human Health and Economies on Cyprus

Author

Jodey M. Peyton, Angeliki F. Martinou, Tim Adriaens, Niki Chartosia, Paraskevi K. Karachle, Wolfgang Rabitsch, Elena Tricarico, Margarita Arianoutsou, Sven Bacher, Ioannis Bazos, Giuseppe Brundu, Elizabeth Bruno-McClung, Iris Charalambidou, Monica Demetriou, Marika Galanidi, Bella Galil, Rhian Guillem, Kypros Hadjiafxentis, Louis Hadjioannou, Margarita Hadjistylli, Jason Michael Hall-Spencer, Carlos Jimenez, Graham Johnstone, Periklis Kleitou, Demetris Kletou, Despina Koukkoularidou, Stalo Leontiou, Norbert Maczey, Nikolas Michailidis, John Owen Mountford, Athina Papatheodoulou, Oliver L. Pescott, Constantinos Phanis, Cristina Preda, Steph Rorke, Richard Shaw, Wojciech Solarz, Chris D. Taylor, Saso Trajanovski, Iakovos Tziortzis, Elli Tzirkalli, Ahmet Uludag, Giovanni Vimercati, Konstantin Zdraveski, Argyro Zenetos, and Helen E. Roy

Subjects
prevention, non-native species, negative impact, environmental management, introduction pathways, communication, Evolution, QH359-425, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Invasive alien species (IAS) are known to be a major threat to biodiversity and ecosystem function and there is increasing evidence of their impacts on human health and economies globally. We undertook horizon scanning using expert-elicitation to predict arrivals of IAS that could have adverse human health or economic impacts on the island of Cyprus. Three hundred and twenty five IAS comprising 89 plants, 37 freshwater animals, 61 terrestrial invertebrates, 93 terrestrial vertebrates, and 45 marine species, were assessed during a two-day workshop involving 39 participants to derive two ranked lists: (1) IAS with potential human health impacts (20 species ranked within two bands: 1–10 species or 11–20 species); and, (2) IAS with potential economic impacts (50 species ranked in three bands of 1–10, 11–20, and 21–50). Five species of mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Aedes flavopictus, Aedes japonicus, and Culex quinquefasciatus) were considered a potential threat to both human health and economies. It was evident that the IAS identified through this process could potentially arrive through many pathways (25 and 23 pathways were noted for the top 20 IAS on the human health and economic impact lists respectively). The Convention on Biological Diversity Level II (subcategory) pathways Contaminant on plants, pet/aquarium/terrarium species (including live food for such species), hitchhikers in or on aeroplanes, hitchhikers in or on ship/boats, and vehicles were the main pathways that arose across both lists. We discuss the potential of horizon scanning lists to inform biosecurity policies and communication around IAS, highlighting the importance of increasing understanding amongst all stakeholders, including the public, to reduce the risks associated with predicted IAS arrivals.

Published
2020
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