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Land subsidence due to groundwater withdrawal combined with a globalsea level rise creates a serious environmental problem in the coastal region. Groundwater withdrawal results in fluid pressure change in the layers. The pressure change in the layers induces both elastic and inelastic land compaction. The elastic compaction can be recovered if the water level rises again and inelastic compaction becomes permanent. Groundwater response to barometric pressure change is used to estimate the elastic compaction in this study. The storativity, specific storage and other layer and hydrological information are used to estimate the inelastic compaction of the layers due to fluid withdrawal. The discussed methods are applied to estimate and predict the subsidence potentials resulting from overdrafting of the groundwater in the southern New Jersey. The estimated subsidence is about 2-3 cm nearthe location of monitoring wells in Atlantic, Camden, Cumberland andCape May Counties over the past 20 years. If the current trend of water-level drop continues, the average subsidence in southern New Jersey in the vicinity of some monitoring wells will be about 3 cm in thenext 20 years. The rise of global sea level is about 2 mm/year on average. Because of the very gentle slope in southern NJ, the combination of subsidence and sea level rise will translate into a potentiallysubstantial amount of land loss in the coastal region in each 20 year period. This combination will also accelerate the coastal flooding frequency and the erosion rate of the New Jersey coastal plain, and pose a serious threat to the coastal economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/significance: The 10-point Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) score measures childhood exposure to traumatic events. An ACEs score of 4 or higher has been associated with long-term physical and mental health problems, and increased mortality. It is unclear if the rates of undergraduate nursing students experiencing ACEs is different from the general population, and what impact ACEs has on nursing students' depression, anxiety and stress., Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the rate of ACEs in nursing students and to examine the relationship between ACEs and perceived depression, anxiety, and stress among undergraduate nursing students., Methods: This is a descriptive correlational study to determine Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) scores and Modified Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) scores for undergraduate pre-licensure students at a private mid-western college. Students' ACEs scores were correlated with DASS-21 scores and demographic data., Results: 409 students volunteered to participate in the study. Seventeen percent of students had high ACEs scores (≥4). Those students with high ACEs scores also scored statically significantly higher on the DASS-21 items relating to depression, anxiety, and stress., Conclusion/implications: Results from this study demonstrated that many nursing students have experienced ACEs and nursing students with ACEs scores of 4 or higher had higher rates of depression, anxiety, and stress. These findings should drive faculty in nursing programs to acknowledge the prevalence of ACEs among their nursing students and recognize that impact on the mental health of students., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)