Search

Objective: Little is known about the relationship between changing psychosocial work conditions and type 2 diabetes. We determined whether changing work stressors and coping resources affect the risk of type 2 diabetes.Research Design and Methods: In this prospective cohort (2003-2014) of 3,740 workers without diabetes (OHSPIW [Occupational Health Study of Petroleum Industry Workers]), participants completed an evaluation of work-related stress and coping resources and type 2 diabetes diagnosis at baseline and 12 years follow-up (two waves). The changes in work stressors and coping resources were measured with the Occupation Stress Inventory-Revised and the Instrument for Stress-Related Job Analysis (Version 6.0). Type 2 diabetes was diagnosed on the basis of an oral glucose tolerance test supplemented by physician report.Results: Increased task stressors (relative risk [RR] 1.57 [95% CI 1.03-2.63]) and decreased coping resources (RR 1.68 [95% CI 1.02-2.83]) were associated with risk of type 2 diabetes. The main risk factors were increased role overload, increased role insufficiency, increased physical environment stressors, decreased self-care, and decreased rational coping. Increased coping resources also had a buffering effect on increased task stressors and type 2 diabetes.Conclusions: Changes in work stressors and coping resources have an influence on the risk for type 2 diabetes, highlighting the importance of preventive measures against adverse psychosocial work conditions and reduced coping resources for diabetes prevention in the workplace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study compared the level of occupational strain and work ability among Han, Hui, Uygur, Hui, and Kazakh teachers, and explored ethnic differences based on the associations of psychosocial factors at work, occupational strain, and work ability. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2,941 teachers in primary and secondary schools in Xinjiang Province, China. Psychosocial factors, occupational strain, and work ability were measured using the Occupation Stress Inventory—Revised Edition (OSI-R) and Work Ability Index. Han and Hui teachers experienced reduced work ability compared with Uygur and Kazakh teachers, and this finding was caused, in part, by exposure to psychosocial factors at work. The vocational and psychological strains caused by these factors play an important role in reduced work ability among all ethnic teacher groups. The findings indicate the importance of taking action to reduce occupational strain for promoting teachers' work ability in multiethnic workplaces. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Background: The association between the rapid increase in myopia among adolescents and the amount of outdoor artificial light at night (ALAN) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between outdoor ALAN and myopia in adolescents., Methods: Stratified cluster random sampling was used to obtain a sample of 33,160 students (age range: 9-18 years; mean: 13.51 years) with complete data from 120 primary and secondary schools across the Ningxia region in China in 2021. Myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent (SE) ≤-0.5 diopters (D) in at least one eye, determined by automated refractometers without cycloplegia. Outdoor ALAN data were obtained from satellite data and the two-year average outdoor ALAN exposure for each participant was determined by matching it to their school address (home addresses were not available). The association between ALAN and myopia was assessed using multiple logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression. Stratified analyses were performed by age, sex, residence, school level, and outdoor exercise time., Results: The myopia group had higher outdoor ALAN levels than the non-myopia group [median (interquartile spacing): 14.44 (3.88-26.56) vs. 6.95 (1.21-21.74) nanoWatts/cm 2 /sr]. After adjusting for covariates identified through stepwise regression, it was observed that the prevalence of myopia increased by 4% for every 10-unit change [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02-1.07]. Compared to the first quantile (Q1) of outdoor ALAN exposure, the odds ratio (OR) of myopia was 1.20 (95% CI: 1.08-1.34) in the fourth quantile. RCS further showed a positive nonlinear relationship between outdoor ALAN exposure and myopia ( p for nonlinear <0.001). Stronger effects were not found in subgroup analyses., Conclusion: Outdoor ALAN exposure is positively and nonlinearly associated with the prevalence of myopia in adolescents. Controlling outdoor light pollution may constitute a potential strategy to reduce the incidence of myopia in adolescents., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Liu, Tan, Fu, Cheng, Tian, Liu, Wang, Zhang, Guan and Liu.)

Objective: Little is known about the relationship between changing psychosocial work conditions and type 2 diabetes. We determined whether changing work stressors and coping resources affect the risk of type 2 diabetes., Research Design and Methods: In this prospective cohort (2003-2014) of 3,740 workers without diabetes (OHSPIW [Occupational Health Study of Petroleum Industry Workers]), participants completed an evaluation of work-related stress and coping resources and type 2 diabetes diagnosis at baseline and 12 years follow-up (two waves). The changes in work stressors and coping resources were measured with the Occupation Stress Inventory-Revised and the Instrument for Stress-Related Job Analysis (Version 6.0). Type 2 diabetes was diagnosed on the basis of an oral glucose tolerance test supplemented by physician report., Results: Increased task stressors (relative risk [RR] 1.57 [95% CI 1.03-2.63]) and decreased coping resources (RR 1.68 [95% CI 1.02-2.83]) were associated with risk of type 2 diabetes. The main risk factors were increased role overload, increased role insufficiency, increased physical environment stressors, decreased self-care, and decreased rational coping. Increased coping resources also had a buffering effect on increased task stressors and type 2 diabetes., Conclusions: Changes in work stressors and coping resources have an influence on the risk for type 2 diabetes, highlighting the importance of preventive measures against adverse psychosocial work conditions and reduced coping resources for diabetes prevention in the workplace., (© 2017 by the American Diabetes Association.)