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Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-10T16:58:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-10-15 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Calcium phosphates are widely used materials in tissue engineering due to their biocompativility and bioactivity. They are present in the bone along with the hydroxyapatite, which facilitates its use as a bioceramic. The mechanical and biological properties of the material obtained in the synthesis process are determined by the size of the particles. There are different ways to decrease the particle size of the materials. Among the methodologies used is the application of ultrasonic radiation. The objective of this work was to statistically evaluate the influence of the ultrasonic application during the synthesis of different phases of calcium phosphates, as well as the type of drying. The particle size determination was performed by scanning electron microscopy. The statistical comparison was made using one way ANOVA. Previously, the hypotheses necessary to validate the model were evaluated. The results were interpreted through its implementation in a statistical software InfoStat (2017 version). The results allow us to conclude that the application of ultrasound during the synthesis process significantly influences the particle size. The type of drying had no significant influence on the particle size. Natl Univ Salta, Sci Fac, Math Dept, RA-4400 Salta, Argentina Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Chem, Araraquara, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Chem, Araraquara, Brazil CAPES: 186/13 FAPESP: 2017/15487-3

Aim: Nowadays, research on orthopedic and dental implants is focused on titanium alloys for their mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in the human body environment. Another important aspect to be investigated is their surface topography, which is very important to osseointegration. With laser beam irradiation for roughening the implants surface an easier control of the microtopography is achieved, and surface contamination is avoided. The aim of this study was to assess human bone marrow stem cells response to a newly developed titanium alloy, Ti-15Mo, with surface topography modified by laser beam irradiation. Materials and methods: A total of 10 Ti machined disks (control), 10 Ti-15Mo machined disks and 10 Ti-15Mo disks treated by laser beam-irradiation were prepared. To study how Ti-15Mo surface topografy can induce osteoblast differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells, the expression levels of bone related genes and mesenchymal stem cells marker were analyzed, using real time Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction. Results: In Test 1 (comparison between Ti-15Mo machined disks and Ti-machined disks) quantitative real-time RT–PCR showed a significant induction of ALPL, FOSL1 and SPP1, which increase 20% or more. In Test 2 (comparison between Ti-15Mo laser treated disks and Ti-machined disks) all investigated genes were up-regulated. By comparing Test 1 and Test 2 it was detected that COL1A1, COL3A1, FOSL1 and ENG sensibly increased their expression whereas RUNX2, ALPL and SPP1 expression remained substantially unchanged. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that laser treated Ti-15Mo alloys are promising materials for implants application.

Ligas de titânio estão sendo desenvolvidas para uso em implantes ortopédicos devido às suas propriedades mecânicas adequadas, biocompatibilidade e resistência à corrosão. Neste trabalho, foram realizados estudos eletroquímicos nas ligas Ti-Mo com 6, 10 e 20 Mo (% m/m) na estrutura bruta de fusão, em solução de Na2SO4 0,15 mol L-1 e solução fisiológica de Ringer. Os valores dos potenciais de repouso indicam que estas ligas apresentam tendência semelhante à formação de óxido espontâneo, enquanto que os perfis obtidos por voltametria cíclica mostram que estas não sofrem corrosão por pites até potenciais de crescimento iguais a 8,0 V (vs ECS). Nos estudos potenciodinâmicos associados aos cronoamperométricos as análises do potencial de circuito aberto indicaram que a presença do íon cloreto, não afeta a estabilidade dos óxidos anódicos formados. Ti alloys are being developed to be used in orthopedic implants due their mechanical properties, biocompatibility and corrosion resistance. At this paper are reported electrochemical studies on the as-cast Ti-Mo alloys with 6, 10 and 20 Mo (wt.%), in 0.15 mol/L Na2SO4 solution and Ringer physiological solution. Analyses of the rest-potential indicated that all alloys present the same tendency to a spontaneous passivation, while cyclic voltammograms showed not transpassivation up to potentials of 8,0 V (vs ECS), indicating high corrosion resistance. The comparison among open-circuit profiles of the anodic oxides growth in Ringer and Na2SO4 solutions, are showing that the presence of chloride ions during the anodization is not influencing the oxides chemical stability.

A hidroxiapatita [Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HA] foi sintetizada utilizando-se a rota sol-gel partindo-se de ácido fosfórico e nitrato de cálcio como precursores de cálcio e fósforo, respectivamente e como solvente utilizou-se o metanol na preparação do sol que posteriormente será utilizado na obtenção de recobrimentos de hidroxiapatita sobre substratos de ligas de titânio. O sol permaneceu estável e não ocorreu gelatinização em temperatura ambiente durante sete dias. O sol transformou-se em um gel branco somente após a remoção do solvente a 100ºC. O produto assim obtido foi calcinado em 300°C, 500°C e 700°C e caracterizou-se por DRX, FT-IR, MEV/EDS e TGA/DSC. As fases de HA sintetizada tornaram-se estáveis sem sub-produtos a 700°C. A difração de raios X mostrou que a estrutura apatita é aparente em 300°C. O tamanho do cristal e o teor de HA aumentaram com o aumento da temperatura de calcinação. A análise por MEV mostrou a presença de poros que são importantes para aplicações biomédicas, favorecendo a adesão entre o tecido ósseo neoformado e a apatita sintética, ou seja, osseointegração. Hydroxyapatite [Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, HA] was synthesized using sol-gel route were used phosphoric acid and calcium nitrate as calcium and phosphorous precursors, respectively and as solvent was using the methanol in the preparation of the sol that later will be used in the obtention apatites coatings on titanium alloys substrates. The sol remained stable and no gelling occurred in ambient environment for over 7 days. The sol became a white gel only after the removal of the solvent at 100ºC. The product was calcined in 300°C, 500°C and 700°C and had been characterized by DRX, FT-IR, SEM/EDS and TGA/DSC. The synthesized HA became stable 700°C without any another product. X ray diffraction showed that structure apatite initially appeared at 300°C. The crystal size and the HA content increase with increasing calcination temperature. SEM analysis indicated the presence of pores that are important for biomedical applications, improving to the adhesion between neoformed bone tissue and synthesized apatite, i.e, osseointegration.

O crescimento da hidroxiapatita - HA, tanto no meio biológico quanto em soluções aquosas como a Synthetic Body Fluid - SBF, ocorre em meio contendo, além dos elementos Ca e P, elementos-traços essenciais tais como: Mg2+, HCO3-, K+ e Na+. Alguns destes elementos são conhecidos como inibidores do crescimento da HA, como Mg2+ e HCO3-. Neste trabalho, estudou-se a influência dos íons K+ e Mg2+ na formação de apatitas sobre substratos metálicos de Ti c.p. previamente tratados com NaOH 5M. Os efeitos destes íons no recobrimento obtidos, antes e após o tratamento térmico a 800ºC, foram analisados por microscopia eletrônica de varredura - MEV, espectroscopia de energia dispersiva de raios-X - EDX, difratometria de raios-X - DRX e espectroscopia no infravermelho - IV e mostraram que o efeito inibitório do Mg2+ na formação da HA se manifesta após o tratamento térmico. Diferentemente, o crescimento cristalino da HA não foi afetado pela presença do íon K+. Além disso, a formação de apatita carbonatada se deu também em soluções que não continham o íon CO3(2-) em sua composição. The growth of the hydroxyapatite - HA, as much in the biological agent as in watery solutions as the Synthetic Body Fluid - SBF, occurs agent containing, beyond calcium and phosphate elements, essential element-traces such as: Mg2+, HCO3-, K+ and Na+. Some of these elements are known as inhibiting of the growth of the HA, as Mg2+ and HCO3-. In this work, it was studied the influence of ions K+ and Mg2+ in the formation of apatites, mainly of the HA, on metallic substrate of Ti c.p. previously treated with NaOH 5M. The effects of these ions in the obtained covering, before and after the thermal treatment at 800ºC, were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy - SEM, energy dispersive X-rays - EDX, X-ray diffractometer - XRD and Fourier transformation infrared - FT-IR, and they showed that the inhibitory effect of the Mg2+ in the formation of the HA happens after the thermal treatment. Differently, the crystalline growth of the HA was not affected by the presence of the K+ ion. Moreover, the carbonated apatite formation also happened in solutions that did not contain the CO3(2-) ion in its composition.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-10T18:01:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2002-01-01 In this work, welded Au alloy joints, used for prosthesis supported by implants, have been studied before and after to laser welding processes. A refined dendritic microstructure was observed in the welding area. The base metal exhibited a two-phase granular microstructure with larger hardness and the appearance of Au precipitate. The electrochemical experiments, in NaCl 0.15 mol.L-1 solution at room temperature, which are appropriate to simulate corrosion at oral environment conditions, showed that the joint has a better performance when compared to base metal; probably due to the metallurgical structure in the region. UNESP, Inst Quim, Dept Quim Fis, BR-14801970 Araraquara, SP, Brazil UNESP, Inst Quim, Dept Quim Fis, BR-14801970 Araraquara, SP, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-10T16:30:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2002-01-01 Among the copper sulphides, chalcopyrite (CuFeS2,), covellite (CuS) and chalcocite (Cu2S) are the most important source of minerals for copper mining industry. The acknowledge of behaviour of these sulphides related with bacterial leaching process are essential for optimization procedures. Despite of its importance, covellite has not deserved much interest of researcher regarding this matter. In this work it was studied the oxidation of covellite by the chemolithotrophic bacterium Thiobacillus ferrooxidans by using electrochemical techniques, such as open circuit potentials with the time and cyclic voltammetry. The experiments were carried out in acid medium (pH 1.8). containing or not Fe2+ as additional energy source, and in different periods, of incubation chemical controls were run in parallel. The results showed that a sulphur layer is formed spontaneously due the acid attack, covering the sulphide in the initial phase of incubation, blocking the sulphide oxidation. However, the bacterium was capable to oxidize this sulphur layer. In the presence of Fe2+ as supplemental energy source, the corrosion process was facilitated, because ocurred an indirect oxidation of covellite by Fe3+, which was produced by T ferrooxidans oxidation of the Fe2+ added in the medium. Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Quim, BR-14801970 Ararquara, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Quim, BR-14801970 Ararquara, SP, Brazil