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Defects in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) pathway can predispose individuals to colorectal cancer (CRC), with germline mutations in this pathway leading to Lynch syndrome. Consequently, universal MMR testing is recommended for all newly diagnosed CRC patients to detect mismatch repair deficient (MMR-D) tumors, enabling informed treatment decisions. Given the increased potential for metachronous disease in patients with Lynch syndrome, the current guidelines for surgical management of Lynch-associated colon cancer recommend extended resection in patients under age 60. A retrospective analysis of nonmetastatic CRC was performed from the National Cancer Database to evaluate the current trends and practice patterns in the surgical management of MMR-D colon cancer, as well as assess the factors influencing choice of surgical procedure. From 2018 to 2020, 98,112 nonmetastatic CRC patients were identified, with 19.93% being MMR-D. MMR-D colon cancer patients were more likely to undergo extended resection than those with mismatch repair proficient tumors (9.4% versus 4.2%, P < 0.001). When accounting for approximately one-fourth of MMR-D colon cancers being attributable to Lynch syndrome, the frequency of extended resection was less than expected (9.4% versus 25%, P < 0.001). MMR-D patients under age 60 were more likely to undergo extended resection than those over age 60 (9% versus 3%) (odds ratio [OR] 3.57, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.06-4.15). Several factors were associated with decreased rate of extended resection: uninsured (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.21-0.84), Black race (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.35-0.82), treatment at nonacademic centers (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.56-0.97), and crowfly distance >25 miles (OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.14-3.45). These findings provide valuable insight into the current surgical practice patterns in the management of MMR-D colon cancers and possibly colon cancers associated with Lynch syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One‐pot synthesis of acetamides, benzimidazoles, and benzothiazoles are central reactions for synthesizing pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals. Despite tremendous progress in heterogeneous catalysis, the synthesis of these nitrogen‐containing compounds still remains challenging. Here, we report an efficient, simple, and cost‐effective nitrogen‐doped CeO2‐supported Co single‐atom catalyst (SAC) (Co/N‐CeO2) enabled synthesis of acetamides, benzimidazoles, and benzothiazoles. As far as we know, this is the first to report that SACs catalyze the synthesis of acetamides, benzimidazoles, and benzothiazoles. Detailed spectroscopic characterization revealed the structure of catalytic center. Harnessing the catalytic activity of SACs, the work offers promising routes for future synthesis of heterocycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, an efficient, green and retrievable heterogeneous chitosan-supported antimony trichloride catalyst (SbCl3@Chitosan) was synthesized by dispersing antimony trichloride on amine functionalized chitosan modified with methyl salicylate and characterized by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Powder X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and ICP-AES analysis. FTIR indicated the various functionalities present in the catalyst such as 3299–3367 cm−1 (N–H and O–H), 2924 and 2874 cm−1 (C–H), 1424 cm−1 (CH2), 1376 cm−1 (CH3), 1151 cm−1 (C–O–C), 1059 and 1020 cm−1 (C–O of chitosan), 1559 cm−1 (C–N), 1653 cm−1 (C = O stretching of amide), 1302 and 1376 cm−1 (Sb–Cl). TGA showed that the catalyst was stable upto 200 °C thereby determining its thermal stability. The characteristic peaks appeared in the powder XRD of the catalyst confirmed the crystal face of antimony. The surface morphology of the catalyst revealed through SEM images exhibited a uniform distribution, and the majority of particles displayed a near-spherical morphology. ICP-AES analysis data revealed the overall content of antimony present in the synthesized catalyst. The catalytic activity of the catalyst was evaluated for the synthesis of 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazoles under green reaction conditions. The present method for the synthesis of tetrasubstituted imidazoles has broader significance due to synthesis of various imidazole derivatives in high to excellent yields (83–95%) with short reaction times and high purity under solvent-free conditions with a simple work-up procedure. Moreover, the aforementioned catalyst (SbCl3@Chitosan) could be easily separated from the reaction mixture and reused for five runs without any decline in its catalytic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have developed as a potential advanced variety of catalysts wherein copper SACs (Cu SACs) have appeared as a rising star in catalysis in which promising catalytic activity is achieved by a well-adjusted d-band center. Herein, the most recent advancements in the synthesis of copper SACs are highlighted. Various electrocatalytic applications such as carbon dioxide reduction reaction, oxygen reduction reaction, nitrogen reduction reaction, biotherapeutic applications, coupling reactions, hydroxylation, hydrogenation, photocatalytic reactions, and other miscellaneous reactions of Cu SACs coordinated into different supports have been thoroughly reviewed, and the stability and electrocatalytic performance of Cu SACs in fuel cells, zinc–CO2 batteries, and zinc–air batteries have been discussed. This review summarizes the study of most recent developments in the synthesis and applications of Cu SACs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) are a very convenient way to withdraw money wherever you are ATMs are in high demand because users rely heavily on their ATMs. But if someone has access to us, they can easily access our bank accounts. The only solution for ATM security is a 6-digit PIN. There are still many vulnerabilities that criminals can use to fraud customer data. To avoid such thievery and fraud, the actual creator embedded in the smart card A biometric identification system, and a database server are integrated. Under biometrics, we've got iris recognition, face recognition, and fingerprint recognition. By using these techniques, your account will be easily accessible and no one will be able to withdraw your funds illegally. This is designed to provide better security for ATMs. It is hoped that this method will minimize ATM fraud and allow customers to use their ATMs more safely. Based on previous implementations and test results, we are accustomed to improving the efficiency of fingerprint ATM scanner feature update speed, and the security framework has passed the test. The cause of this painting is to grow surety and safety and cast off the use of Automated Teller Machine credit score and debit cards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Virus, a sub-microscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of a host, causes viral infection. Currently, the immediate imperative is to control the combat against novel coronavirus outbreak caused by the COVID-19 virus, which started in China and spread all over the world. The domain of travelling has emphasized COVID-19 virus prevention as a serious issue for the safety of human beings. The exponential rise in the number of corona patients is a matter of concern for governing bodies of various countries in spite of countless cooperative efforts put in by citizens, organizations and government. India is now among the top worst hit nation in terms of the spread of COVID-19 pandemic. The present article reviews various state-of-art medicinal approaches available that are presently used to control the spread of coronavirus pandemic., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)