Search

Background Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) XIST has been implicated in the progression of a variety of tumor diseases. The purpose of this study was to explore the molecular role of lncRNA XIST in human hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods The expression levels of lncRNA XIST, miR-192 and TRIM25 in HBV-related HCC tissues and HepG2.2.15 cells were detected by qRT-PCR. Biological information and luciferin gene reporter assay were performed to detect the interaction among lncRNA XIST, miR-192 and TRIM25. CCk-8 assay, wound healing assay and colony formation assay were conducted to detect the proliferation and migration ability of HepG2.2.15 cells. Results qRT-PCR results showed that the expression levels of lncRNA XIST were remarkably increased in HBV-related HCC tissues and HepG2.2.15 cells. In addition, miR-192 was a direct target gene of lncRNA XIST, and the expression of miR-192 and lncRNA XIST were negatively correlated. Moreover, overexpression of miR-192 observably inhibited the proliferation and migration of HCC cells, while overexpression of lncRNA XIST showed an opposite effect. Furthermore, TRIM25 was a direct target of miR-192, and lncRNA XIST could up-regulate the expression of TRIM25 by targeting miR-192. Conclusion LncRNA XIST could up-regulate the expression of TRIM25 by targeting and binding to miR-192, thus accelerating the occurrence and development of HCC.

Bian Hu,1,2 Jingyu Zhang,3 Mengdan Gong,1 Yongqin Deng,1 Yujie Cao,1 Yizhen Xiang,1 Dong Ye1 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Ninghai First Hospital, Ningbo, 315699, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Dong Ye, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13819861213, Fax +86 574-87392232, Email yedong518@sina.comAbstract: The olfactory nerve (ON) is the only cranial nerve exposed to the external environment. Hence, it is susceptible to damage from head trauma, viral infection, inflammatory stimulation, and chemical toxins, which can lead to olfactory dysfunction. However, compared with all other cranial nerves, the ON is unique due to its inherent ability to regenerate. This characteristic provides a theoretical basis for treatment of olfactory dysfunction. Olfactory training (OT) is one of the main treatments for olfactory dysfunction. It is easy to apply and has few side-effects, and has been shown to be efficacious for patients with olfactory dysfunction of various causes. To further understand the application value of ON regeneration and OT on olfactory dysfunction, we review the research progress on the mechanism of ON regeneration and OT.Keywords: olfaction, regeneration, olfactory training, olfactory dysfunction

To assess the effectiveness of radiofrequency (RF) versus other percutaneous strategies (balloon compression, glycerol rhizotomy [GR], and microvascular decompression [MVD]) in patients with trigeminal neuralgia. We systematically searched the electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to identify eligible studies throughout October 2020. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was applied to assess effect estimates using the random-effects model. Eighteen retrospective cohort studies that enrolled 6391 patients with trigeminal neuralgia were included. We noted that RF was associated with an increased incidence of immediate pain relief compared with GR (OR 2.65; 95% CI 1.29–5.44; P = 0.008). Moreover, RF was associated with an increased risk of pain recurrence compared with MVD (OR 3.80; 95% CI 2.00–7.20; P

Additional file 1: Supplementary Figures. Figure S1. Identification of a “hyper-up” pattern in m6A-epitranscriptome of human HCC. Figure S2. Expression of m6A modulators in human HCC tissues and hypoxic HCC cell lines. Figure S3. YTHDF2 deficiency enhances proliferative and proangiogenic functions of HCC cells. Figure S4. YTHDF2 inhibits tumor growth and vasculature remodeling. Figure S5. YTHDF2 deficiency upregulates IL-11 and Serpin E2 expression in HCC cells. Figure S6. YTHDF2 requires its recognitive function to degrade IL11 and SERPINE2 mRNAs. Figure S7. HIF-2α transcriptionally inhibits YTHDF2 expression in HCC cells. Figure S8. Unprocessed original scans of blots.

Additional file 5: Supplementary Information.

Additional file 2: Table S1. Clinicopathological information of 200 HCC patients.

Background Percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation through the foramen rotundum (FR) is a new approach for the treatment of V2 trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Objectives This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of the FR approach with that of the foramen ovale (FO) approach. Study design Nonrandomized controlled clinical trial. Setting The study was conducted at Huaian Hospital of Huaian City, Huaian, China. Methods From July 2014 to December 2016, 80 consecutive patients with V2 TN were prospectively assigned into the FO group (n = 40) or the FR group (n = 40). All radiofrequency thermocoagulation procedures were performed under the guidance of digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Patients in the FO group were treated with Gasserian ganglion ablation through the Hartel approach. Patients in the FR group received ablation of the maxillary nerve at the internal opening of the FR. Facial pain was evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale preoperatively and postoperatively at 1 week, 6 months, and 1 year. Results All surgical procedures were successfully completed using DSA guidance. The FR group had no facial pain at postoperative 1 week, 6 months, and 1 year. The facial fain was not relieved in 4 patients of the FO group. They were treated with radiofrequency thermocoagulation of the maxillary nerve through the FR and maintained painless at postoperative 1 week, 6 months, and 1 year. At postoperative 1 year, another 3 patients relapsed in the FO group. The incidences of facial numbness and swelling did not differ significantly between the 2 groups (all P > 0.05). There was no postoperative corneal involvement or masticatory weakness in the FR group. However, corneal involvement and masticatory weakness occurred postoperatively in 22 (55%) patients and 31 (77.5%) patients in the FO group. The FR group had significantly shorter operation time than the FO group (19.3 ± 5.9 vs. 32.7 ± 8.7 minutes; P Limitations We were unable to avoid the V1 and V3 branches, despite multiple adjustments of the needed position in 35 of the 40 patients in this group. Conclusions For the treatment of V2 TN, thermocoagulation of the maxillary nerve through the FR had better efficacy and fewer complications in comparison with the Gasserian ganglion ablation through the FO. Key words Neuralgia, pain, radiology, facial pain.

Additional file 1: Supplementary Figures. Figure S1. Identification of a “hyper-up” pattern in m6A-epitranscriptome of human HCC. Figure S2. Expression of m6A modulators in human HCC tissues and hypoxic HCC cell lines. Figure S3. YTHDF2 deficiency enhances proliferative and proangiogenic functions of HCC cells. Figure S4. YTHDF2 inhibits tumor growth and vasculature remodeling. Figure S5. YTHDF2 deficiency upregulates IL-11 and Serpin E2 expression in HCC cells. Figure S6. YTHDF2 requires its recognitive function to degrade IL11 and SERPINE2 mRNAs. Figure S7. HIF-2α transcriptionally inhibits YTHDF2 expression in HCC cells. Figure S8. Unprocessed original scans of blots.

Using the tight binding Kane-Mele model including the self-consistent on-site Coulomb interactions (O-CIs), we study the influence of transverse electric field in the narrow zigzag graphene nanoribbon (ZGNR) plane on the edge band structure in order to investigate the way to control the type of quantum spin Hall (QSH) system in the ZGNR. The theoretical results show that when applying weak electric field intensity, the direction of electric field can adjust these two spin-down edge bands moving along the different directions in one-dimensional q space, which leads to the two different types of degenerative breakdown of two pure spin-down edge states at q=0.5. When applying positive electric field the energy of spin-down edge band at edge site 1 is higher than that at edge site 8. On the contrary, when applying negative electric field the energy of spin-down edge band at edge site 8 is higher than that at edge site 1. It shows that we can use the direction of electric field to control the two spin-down edge currents occurring at two different energies. Further, when the electric field intensity increases above 0.69 V/nm, the increased large band gap between the two spin-down edge bands leads to the inversion of these two spin-down edge bands. That is to say, there is a spin-down band gap, however, there is not a band gap for spin-up edge band in the region of spin-down band gap. Thus the system becomes half-metallic, and the QSH does not belong in the type B any longer. Specially, when the electric field intensity reaches 1.17 V/nm in the region of spin-down band gap, the pure spin-up edge state appears at q=0.5, which shows that the strong pure spin-up edge current along the edge site 8 can occur. With increasing the intensity of electric field, the QSH system undergoes three processes from the type B to the type C. When the electric field intensity is more than 1.42 V/nm, the two spin-up edge bands also present band inversion and turn into the conduction band and the valence band, respectively. Thus the system becomes semiconducting and the QSH system does not belong in the type C, ordinary quantum Hall system. Finally, according to the results discussed above, we can expect that using the direction and the intensity of the transverse electric field in plane we can adjust the properties of edge current, and control the type of QSH system varying from the type B to the type C.

A survey of the spatial and temporal distribution of macroalgae in a stream system in Shanxi Province, North China, was undertaken from March, 2006 to January, 2007. The percent cover, biomass of macroalgae and several environmental factors were monitored along a 20 m stretch at each of seven sites, every 2 months during 1 year. All the measured environmental factors had seasonal fluctuations in different extent, but only air temperature and P 3+ showed significant seasonality. In terms of temporal characterization of environmental factors, they also showed some differences among different sampling sites. Seventy-nine (79) species of macroalgae were found, with a predominance of Chlorophyta (38 species, 48.10%). Bacillariophyta and Charophyta represented the smallest proportion (3 species, 3.80% and 2 species, 2.53%, respectively). Three macoralgae species were the most widespread, occurring in all seven sampling sites. Thirty-five (35) species were found at only one site each. In terms of seasonality, 17 species occurred throughout the year, whereas 27 species were found in only one season each. The most key factor that affected the stream macroalgae was current velocity. We calculated Sorensen similarity indices to compare our study with other continent-wide surveys of stream macroalgae, but the similarity indices were all very low. This study also showed that macroalgae in different locations had significant reproductive isolation. Key words: China, distribution, environmental factors, spatial, temporal, stream macroalgae.