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To solve the complex problems of low scheduling efficiency, poor peak shaving capacity, and low power generation stability faced by cascaded small hydropower stations near remote rural areas, an improved honey badger algorithm (IHBA) is proposed. While considering the above problems and ensuring traditional hydraulic constraints, special power generation constraints such as peak summer and self-supplied area power supply are considered, and multi-objective optimization scheduling is carried out in this research. Firstly, initialization is achieved through Fuch chaotic mapping to ensure a uniform distribution of initial solutions. Secondly, in the update stage, the Golden Sine, Harris Eagle Siege, and T-distribution perturbation strategies are introduced to enhance optimization ability and improve the quality of search solutions. Then, combining non-dominated sorting and the ideal point method to solve multi-objective problems. Finally, IHBA will be applied in the scheduling of cascaded small hydropower stations in a rural area of Hunan Province compared with the actual scheme for verification. The results show that considering the three indicators of annual power generation, guaranteed output, and power generation guarantee rate, the proposed method can effectively improve the comprehensive efficiency of power generation, and compared to actual scheduling, and it can improve the power supply capacity of the self-supply area and the ability to meet the summer peak during peak hours, while increasing the efficient power generation of upper-level reservoir type power stations by raising the water head, and reducing the inefficient power generation of lower-level runoff type power stations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with α‐synuclein aggregation and dopaminergic neuron loss in the midbrain. There is evidence that psychological stress promotes PD progression by enhancing glucocorticoids‐related oxidative damage, however, the mechanisms involved are unknown. The present study demonstrated that plasma membrane phospholipid peroxides, as determined by phospholipidomics, triggered ferroptosis in dopaminergic neurons, which in turn contributed to stress exacerbated PD‐like motor disorder in mice overexpressing mutant human α‐synuclein. Using hormonomics, we identified that stress stimulated corticosteroid release and promoted 15‐lipoxygenase‐1 (ALOX15)‐mediated phospholipid peroxidation. ALOX15 was upregulated by α‐synuclein overexpression and acted as a fundamental risk factor in the development of chronic stress‐induced parkinsonism and neurodegeneration. Further, we demonstrated the mechanism by which corticosteroids activated the PKC pathway and induced phosphatidylethanolamine‐binding protein‐1 (PEBP1) to form a complex with ALOX15, thereby facilitating ALOX15 to locate on the plasma membrane phospholipids. A natural product isolated from herbs, leonurine, was screened with activities of inhibiting the ALOX15/PEBP1 interaction and thereby attenuating membrane phospholipid peroxidation. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that stress increases the susceptibility of PD by driving membrane lipid peroxidation of dopaminergic neurons and suggest the ALOX15/PEBP1 complex as a potential intervention target. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We fabricated a novel dielectric–magnetic nanostructure by hybridizing 3D Fe3O4 nanocrystals and multi-walled carbon nanotubes through a simple co-precipitation route. The 3D Fe3O4-MWCNTs composites demonstrate enhanced microwave absorption with tunable strong-absorption wavebands in the frequency range of 2–18 GHz. Double-band microwave absorption appears in the investigated frequency range and at various thicknesses. This depends on the loading concentration of 3D Fe3O4-MWCNTs. Minimum reflection loss values at 20 wt% loading of −23.0 dB and −52.8 dB are observed at 4.1 GHz and 12.8 GHz, respectively, which are superior to those of pure MWCNTs as well as other hybrids of Fe3O4. The improved absorption capacity arises from the synergy of dielectric loss and magnetic loss, as well as the enhancement of multiple interfaces among 3D Fe3O4 nanocrystals. All of these factors increase the flexibility of tuning microwave absorption. These results provide a new strategy to tune electromagnetic properties and enhance the capacity of high-efficient microwave absorbers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus is a both medicinal and edible species specified by the China Ministry of Health, with a long history in China. According to the ancient monographs about materia medica, it was found that the records of the Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus on the original plants were confused. This paper reviewed the ancient monographs about materia medica, and made a summarization and textual research on the name, origin, habitat, processing methods, medicinal properties and clinicacy efficacy of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus based the comprehensive analysis on modern literatures and authoritative books of Chinese herbal medicine. The results indicated that there were many bynames of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus. Before the Yuan Dynasty, there was a mixed use of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus and Citri Fructus, which were not distinguished from each other in terms of nature and taste until the Yuan dynasty. Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus was a varietas of Citri Fructus. The main shape of the original plant of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus is "like a human hand with fingers" as recorded in ancient monographs about materia medica. The main places of origin of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus were Guangdong, Zhejiang, Fujian, Sichuan, which were relatively stable. There were fewer records about medicinal proces-sing methods of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus. Only steaming and baking methods were found in ancient monographs about materia medica, and the steaming method could reduce the irritability of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus. The processing of therapeutic dietary of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus was widely used in folk, which was represented by Chaozhou Laoxianghuang, a traditional succade made of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus. According to the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus had effects in soothing liver and regulating gas, relieving pain in the stomach, eliminating dampness and resolving phlegm, which was basically consistent with the descriptions in ancient monographs about materia medica. This paper defined the original plant of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus, and sorted out and summarized the processing methods, nature and taste of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus, so as to provide data support for the standardization of the processing technology and the development and utilization of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus.

Coicis Semen is widely used as a raw material which can be used as both medicine and food among people. According to the ancient monographs on materia medica and relevant documents on the processing specifications in various provinces and cities, herba logical study on the historical evolution of the processing methods of Coicis Semen was conducted in this paper from the aspects of collecting and processing methods of Coicis Semen, the processing methods in the past dynasties and the nature, flavour and efficacy of Coicis Semen. The results showed that the processing methods of Coicis Semen recorded in monographs on materia medica mainly included stir-frying, glutinous rice stir-frying, salt processing(including salt cooking and salt stir-frying), stir-frying with the earth scraped from the wall facing east, and ginger juice stir-frying, etc. Among them, stir-frying, and stir-frying with the earth scraped from the wall facing east are still used nowadays. The bran stir-frying is the improved version of glutinous rice stir-frying in order to be adaptive to the modern-day situation and the needs of the present. In addition, the ancient shell removal and kernel keeping method are also included in the processing procedures in modern local processing specifications, which are combined with frying to form a new method named "Fazhi" processing( "Fazhi" means a processing method of multiple procedures). The 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia records that Coicis Semen is helpful to clear dampness and promote diuresis, strengthen the spleen and prevent diarrhea, eliminate impediment, discharge pus, resolve toxin and a mass, etc., which are consistent with those contained in ancient monographs on materia medica. After the "Fazhi" processing, the cold nature of Coicis Semen has been removed and its nature,flavour and meridian tropism have been changed, so its application scopes expanded. The results of this study clearly traced the history of the collecting and proces-sing of Coicis Semen, summarized the nature, flavour and efficacy of Coicis Semen contained in both ancient and modern literature, and provided a historical basis for the standardization of the subsequent processing technology of Coicis Semen, the clinical application of various processed products, and the further development and utilization of medicinal materials.