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Objective To screen the evidence related to acute pericardial tamponade nursing and summarize the best evidence applied in nursing practice. Methods To establish the evidence-based questions according to the PIPOST model, perform computer searches of UpToDate, JBI Evidence-Based Health Care Center of Australia, National Guideline Clearinghouse of USA, NGC), Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (RNAO), Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang Database. The search period is from January 1, 2012 to October 31, 2022. The quality of the selected literatures was evaluated by two researchers respectively, and the literatures meeting the criteria were included and the evidence was summarized. Results Twelve literatures were included, including 2 guidelines, 1 expert consensus, 1 evidence summary, 4 clinical decisions, and 4 case series studies. Sixteen pieces of evidence were formed, including two themes: early identification and emergency care. Conclusion This study summarized the best evidence of acute cardiac tamponade nursing, and provided evidence-based evidence for improving the success rate of rescue and nursing quality of patients with cardiac tamponade. (目的 筛选急性心包填塞护理的相关证据, 并总结应用于护理实践的最佳证据。方法 根据PIPOST模式确立循证问题, 计算机检索UpToDate、澳大利亚JBI循证卫生保健中心、美国国立指南库(NGC)、加拿大安大略注册护士协会网站(RNAO)、Cochrane Library、PubMed、Embase、中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库。检索时限为2012年1月1日至2022年10月31日。由2 名研究者分别对筛选后的文献进行质量评价, 对符合标准的文献纳入并进行证据的总结。结果 最终纳入文献12篇, 包括指南2篇, 专家共识1篇, 证据总结1篇, 临床决策4篇, 病例系列研究4篇。形成16条证据, 包括2个主题: 早期识别、急救护理。结论 本研究总结了急性心包填塞护理的最佳证据, 为提高心包填塞患者的抢救成功率及护理质量提供循证依据。)

Extreme heatwaves pose a significant threat to a wide range of environmental, ecological, and social systems. The rapid warming of the Arctic and the Tibetan Plateau (TP), which are the most prominent features in the Northern Hemisphere in the context of climate change, has significantly influenced mid-latitude extreme events in recent decades. This study utilizes observational data and numerical simulations to demonstrate that the variations in Arctic amplification (AA) and TP amplification (TA) play a crucial role in the interannual variability of summer heatwaves (HWs) in the Yangtze River Basin (YRB) (HWs_YRB) region. The HWs_YRB is associated with a zonally oriented barotropic high-pressure system anchored over the YRB region. The spatial distribution and intensity of the HWs_YRB are impacted by the synergistic effects of AA and TA, via a meridional atmospheric tripole pattern and double jets over East Asia. Furthermore, AA primarily impacts the geographical extent of the HWs_YRB, while TA plays a critical role in determining the intensity of the HWs_YRB. Our findings provide an innovative perspective on the linkage between the pronounced warming observed in the Arctic and TP and the occurrence of summer HWs_YRB, enhancing our comprehension of the climatic consequences of the rapid changes in these two geographical regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study revealed a significant interdecadal change in the impact of spring western Tibetan Plateau (TP) snow cover (TPSC) on subsequent summer compound heat waves (CHWs) in western Europe (WE) after 1998. This interdecadal change is attributed to a change in a western Europe high–western TP low (WEH–TPL) atmospheric circulation pattern. This pattern arises due to both the inherent variability of TPSC and the phase transition of the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) after 1998. The increased magnitude and persistence of western TPSC from spring to summer after 1998 enhanced the snow–atmosphere coupling effect, intensifying ascent and decent motion over the TP and WE, respectively, and strengthening the WEH–TPL pattern. In addition, the post-1998 positive AMO phase favors continuous and stable downstream Rossby wave propagation, enhancing the WEH–TPL pattern and the TPSC–CHWs relationship. Further analyses reveal that the interdecadal changes in the TPSC and the AMO around 1998 contribute to the presence of "double jets" over the North Atlantic–central Eurasian sectors. The TPSC–related anomalous atmospheric circulation and AMO phase shift contribute to the southern and northern branches of the intensified westerly jet, respectively. These conditions create a favorable environment for the formation and persistence of summer CHWs in WE. Numerical modeling experiments with a linear baroclinic model confirm these findings. Our findings suggest that in the context of a changing climate, TPSC plays a pivotal role in the genesis of summer CHWs in WE and may serve as a valuable predictor for CHWs. Significance Statement: This study discovered that starting from 1998 there was a significant change in how spring snow cover on the western Tibetan Plateau affects summer compound heat waves in western Europe. After 1998, the snow cover on the western Tibetan Plateau increased in size and lasted longer from spring to summer, intensifying the interaction between the snow and the atmosphere. This led to more rising and sinking air over the Tibetan Plateau and western Europe, respectively. Also, after 1998 a positive phase of the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) was favorable for the circulation connection between western Europe and the Tibetan Plateau. Further analysis showed that these changes in snow cover and the AMO after 1998 caused "double jets" in the North Atlantic and central Eurasia that created better conditions for summer heat waves in western Europe. Numerical models are used to confirm these findings. Our research indicates that, in a changing climate, the snow cover on the western Tibetan Plateau plays a crucial role in the development of summer heat waves in western Europe and can be a useful predictor for these heat waves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study evaluated the efficacy of apatinib in maintenance therapy in patients with recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC). Methods: Twenty‐six patients from three centers were enrolled from November 2018 to September 2021. These patients received 2 weeks apatinib, administered at 250 mg qd. Then apatinib dose may be administered to 500 mg qd continuous in 4 weeks cycle if no patients experienced adverse reaction. Enrolled patients can receive a combination of radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The primary endpoints were progression‐free survival (PFS), and secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), disease control rate (DCR), objective response rate (ORR), quality of life (QOL) score, and adverse drug reactions. Results: Median PFS of all patients was 3.2 months (95% CI: 2.06–4.33). Median OS of all patients was 7.3 months (95% CI: 2.14–12.46). The DCR was 92.3%. The ORR was 30.8%. In univariate analysis, the results showed that ECOG score 0–1 (HR = 0.31, p = 0.006) and treated with apatinib for more than 60 days (HR = 0.31, p = 0.003) were independent prognostic indicators affecting PFS, and ECOG score 0–1 (HR = 0.40, p = 0.027) and moderately differentiated or highly differentiated (HR = 0.38, p = 0.048) were independent prognostic indicators of OS. The most common adverse events among treated subjects included hypertension (46.1%), fatigue (42.3%), and hand‐foot syndrome (23.1%). There were only two cases (7.7%) of Grade III or above adverse reactions. Conclusions: Maintenance therapy with apatinib is an effective and well‐tolerated regimen in patients with R/M HNSCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]