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In recent years, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been frequently applied in the treatment of bacterial infections. However, reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by PDT have a short lifetime and operating distance, resulting in a generally inadequate therapeutic efficacy. Herein, we report the fabrication of a nanostructure-based PDT amplifier composite coating via self-assembly between MIL-96 (Ga) particles, dopamine (DA), and methylene blue (MB). The coatings exhibited a bacterial inhibition rate of over 99% after 5 min of red light exposure. Based on the chelation between Ga3+ and DA, these metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) can stably adhere to surfaces of various substrates, such as polyurethane (PU), nonwoven, and titanium (Ti) alloy. The Ga-MOF can slowly and consistently release Ga3+, avoiding the rapid hydration of Ga3+. Furthermore, after loading MB, the nanostructure-based Ga-MOF composite coating exhibits PDT capability triggered by red light (660 nm). By blocking of bacterial iron metabolism through Ga3+, the coating disrupts bacterial antioxidant systems and significantly enhances PDT efficacy. In addition, the iron block antibacterial therapy (IBAT)/PDT coating also shows excellent in vitro biocompatibility. This work provides an innovative antibacterial strategy for medical device surfaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can function as tumor suppressors and might provide an efficient strategy for annihilating cancer. Specific miRNAs can be reintroduced into tumor cells to elicit the tumor suppressor activities. We show that systemically delivered, synthetic miRNA mimics in complex with a novel neutral lipid emulsion are preferentially targeted to lung tumors and show therapeutic benefit in mouse models of lung cancer. The delivery was demonstrated using mimics of the tumor suppressor microRNA-495 which is found downregulated in most lung cancer. Systemic treatment of a Kras-activated autochthonous mouse model of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) led to a significant decrease in tumor burden. Specifically, mice treated with microRNA-495 displayed a large reduction in tumor area compared to mice treated with a miRNA control. These findings provide direct evidence that systematically delivered synthetic miRNA mimics to the mammalian lung can inhibit tumor proliferation and support the promise of miRNAs as a targeted therapy for lung cancer in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can function as tumor suppressors and might provide an efficient strategy for annihilating cancer. Specific miRNAs can be reintroduced into tumor cells to elicit the tumor suppressor activities. We show that systemically delivered, synthetic miRNA mimics in complex with a novel neutral lipid emulsion are preferentially targeted to lung tumors and show therapeutic benefit in mouse models of lung cancer. The delivery was demonstrated using mimics of the tumor suppressor microRNA-495 which is found downregulated in most lung cancer. Systemic treatment of a Kras-activated autochthonous mouse model of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) led to a significant decrease in tumor burden. Specifically, mice treated with microRNA-495 displayed a large reduction in tumor area compared to mice treated with a miRNA control. These findings provide direct evidence that systematically delivered synthetic miRNA mimics to the mammalian lung can inhibit tumor proliferation and support the promise of miRNAs as a targeted therapy for lung cancer in future.