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1. Bryophyte-dominated biological soil crusts mitigate soil erosion in an early successional Chinese subtropical forest

Author

Seitz, Steffen, Nebel, Martin, Goebes, Philipp, Käppeler, Kathrin, Schmidt, Karsten, Shi, Xuezheng, Song, Zhengshan, Webber, Carla L., Weber, Bettina, and Scholten, Thomas

Abstract

This study investigated the development of biological soil crusts (biocrusts) in an early successional subtropical forest plantation and their impact on soil erosion. Within a biodiversity and ecosystem functioning experiment in southeast China (biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF) China), the effect of these biocrusts on sediment delivery and runoff was assessed within micro-scale runoff plots under natural rainfall, and biocrust cover was surveyed over a 5-year period. Results showed that biocrusts occurred widely in the experimental forest ecosystem and developed from initial light cyanobacteria- and algae-dominated crusts to later-stage bryophyte-dominated crusts within only 3 years. Biocrust cover was still increasing after 6 years of tree growth. Within later-stage crusts, 25 bryophyte species were determined. Surrounding vegetation cover and terrain attributes significantly influenced the development of biocrusts. Besides high crown cover and leaf area index, the development of biocrusts was favoured by low slope gradients, slope orientations towards the incident sunlight and the altitude of the research plots. Measurements showed that bryophyte-dominated biocrusts strongly decreased soil erosion, being more effective than abiotic soil surface cover. Hence, their significant role in mitigating sediment delivery and runoff generation in mesic forest environments and their ability to quickly colonise soil surfaces after disturbance are of particular interest for soil erosion control in early-stage forest plantations.

Published
2018

2. Early stage litter decomposition across biomes

Author

Djukic, Ika, Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian, Schmidt, Inger Kappel, Larsen, Klaus Steenberg, Beier, Claus, Berg, Björn, Verheyen, Kris, Caliman, Adriano, Paquette, Alain, Gutiérrez-Girón, Alba, Humber, Alberto, Valdecantos, Alejandro, Petraglia, Alessandro, Alexander, Heather, Augustaitis, Algirdas, Saillard, Amélie, Fernández, Ana Carolina Ruiz, Sousa, Ana I., Lillebø, Ana I., da Rocha Gripp, Anderson, Francez, André-Jean, Fischer, Andrea, Bohner, Andreas, Malyshev, Andrey, Andrić, Andrijana, Smith, Andy, Stanisci, Angela, Seres, Anikó, Schmidt, Anja, Avila, Anna, Probst, Anne, Ouin, Annie, Khuroo, Anzar A., Verstraeten, Arne, Palabral-Aguilera, Arely N., Stefanski, Artur, Gaxiola, Aurora, Muys, Bart, Bosman, Bernard, Ahrends, Bernd, Parker, Bill, Sattler, Birgit, Yang, Bo, Juráni, Bohdan, Erschbamer, Brigitta, Ortiz, Carmen Eugenia Rodriguez, Christiansen, Casper T., Carol Adair, E., Meredieu, Céline, Mony, Cendrine, Nock, Charles A., Chen, Chi-Ling, Wang, Chiao-Ping, Baum, Christel, Rixen, Christian, Delire, Christine, Piscart, Christophe, Andrews, Christopher, Rebmann, Corinna, Branquinho, Cristina, Polyanskaya, Dana, Delgado, David Fuentes, Wundram, Dirk, Radeideh, Diyaa, Ordóñez-Regil, Eduardo, Crawford, Edward, Preda, Elena, Tropina, Elena, Groner, Elli, Lucot, Eric, Hornung, Erzsébet, Gacia, Esperança, Lévesque, Esther, Benedito, Evanilde, Davydov, Evgeny A., Ampoorter, Evy, Bolzan, Fabio Padilha, Varela, Felipe, Kristöfel, Ferdinand, Maestre, Fernando T., Maunoury-Danger, Florence, Hofhansl, Florian, Kitz, Florian, Sutter, Flurin, Cuesta, Francisco, de Almeida Lobo, Francisco, de Souza, Franco Leandro, Berninger, Frank, Zehetner, Franz, Wohlfahrt, Georg, Vourlitis, George, Carreño-Rocabado, Geovana, Arena, Gina, Pinha, Gisele Daiane, González, Grizelle, Canut, Guylaine, Lee, Hanna, Verbeeck, Hans, Auge, Harald, Pauli, Harald, Nacro, Hassan Bismarck, Bahamonde, Héctor A., Feldhaar, Heike, Jäger, Heinke, Serrano, Helena C., Verheyden, Hélène, Bruelheide, Helge, Meesenburg, Henning, Jungkunst, Hermann, Jactel, Hervé, Shibata, Hideaki, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Rosas, Hugo López, Rojas Villalobos, Hugo L., Yesilonis, Ian, Melece, Inara, Van Halder, Inge, Quirós, Inmaculada García, Makelele, Isaac, Senou, Issaka, Fekete, István, Mihal, Ivan, Ostonen, Ivika, Borovská, Jana, Roales, Javier, Shoqeir, Jawad, Lata, Jean-Christophe, Theurillat, Jean-Paul, Probst, Jean-Luc, Zimmerman, Jess, Vijayanathan, Jeyanny, Tang, Jianwu, Thompson, Jill, Doležal, Jiří, Sanchez-Cabeza, Joan-Albert, Merlet, Joël, Henschel, Joh, Neirynck, Johan, Knops, Johannes, Loehr, John, von Oppen, Jonathan, Þorláksdóttir, Jónína Sigríður, Löffler, Jörg, Cardoso-Mohedano, José-Gilberto, Benito-Alonso, José-Luis, Torezan, Jose Marcelo, Morina, Joseph C., Jiménez, Juan J., Quinde, Juan Dario, Alatalo, Juha, Seeber, Julia, Stadler, Jutta, Kriiska, Kaie, Coulibaly, Kalifa, Fukuzawa, Karibu, Szlavecz, Katalin, Gerhátová, Katarína, Lajtha, Kate, Käppeler, Kathrin, Jennings, Katie A., Tielbörger, Katja, Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko, Green, Ken, Yé, Lambiénou, Pazianoto, Laryssa Helena Ribeiro, Dienstbach, Laura, Williams, Laura, Yahdjian, Laura, Brigham, Laurel M., van den Brink, Liesbeth, Rustad, Lindsey, Zhang, Lipeng, Morillas, Lourdes, Xiankai, Lu, Carneiro, Luciana Silva, Di Martino, Luciano, Villar, Luis, Bader, Maaike Y., Morley, Madison, Lebouvier, Marc, Tomaselli, Marcello, Sternberg, Marcelo, Schaub, Marcus, Santos-Reis, Margarida, Glushkova, Maria, Torres, María Guadalupe Almazán, Giroux, Marie-Andrée, de Graaff, Marie-Anne, Pons, Marie-Noëlle, Bauters, Marijn, Mazón, Marina, Frenzel, Mark, Didion, Markus, Wagner, Markus, Hamid, Maroof, Lopes, Marta L., Apple, Martha, Schädler, Martin, Weih, Martin, Gualmini, Matteo, Vadeboncoeur, Matthew A., Bierbaumer, Michael, Danger, Michael, Liddell, Michael, Mirtl, Michael, Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, Růžek, Michal, Carbognani, Michele, Di Musciano, Michele, Matsushita, Michinari, Zhiyanski, Miglena, Pușcaș, Mihai, Barna, Milan, Ataka, Mioko, Jiangming, Mo, Alsafran, Mohammed, Carnol, Monique, Barsoum, Nadia, Tokuchi, Naoko, Eisenhauer, Nico, Lecomte, Nicolas, Filippova, Nina, Hölzel, Norbert, Ferlian, Olga, Romero, Oscar, Pinto, Osvaldo B., Peri, Pablo, Weber, Paige, Vittoz, Pascal, Turtureanu, Pavel Dan, Fleischer, Peter, Macreadie, Peter, Haase, Peter, Reich, Peter, Petřík, Petr, Choler, Philippe, Marmonier, Pierre, Muriel, Priscilla, Ponette, Quentin, Guariento, Rafael Dettogni, Canessa, Rafaella, Kiese, Ralf, Hewitt, Rebecca, Rønn, Regin, Adrian, Rita, Kanka, Róbert, Weigel, Robert, Gatti, Roberto Cazzolla, Martins, Rodrigo Lemes, Georges, Romain, Meneses, Rosa Isela, Gavilán, Rosario G., Dasgupta, Sabyasachi, Wittlinger, Sally, Puijalon, Sara, Freda, Sarah, Suzuki, Satoshi, Charles, Sean, Gogo, Sébastien, Drollinger, Simon, Mereu, Simone, Wipf, Sonja, Trevathan-Tackett, Stacey, Löfgren, Stefan, Stoll, Stefan, Trogisch, Stefan, Hoeber, Stefanie, Seitz, Steffen, Glatzel, Stephan, Milton, Sue J., Dousset, Sylvie, Mori, Taiki, Sato, Takanori, Ise, Takeshi, Hishi, Takuo, Kenta, Tanaka, Nakaji, Tatsuro, Michelan, Thaisa Sala, Camboulive, Thierry, Mozdzer, Thomas J., Scholten, Thomas, Spiegelberger, Thomas, Zechmeister, Thomas, Kleinebecker, Till, Hiura, Tsutom, Enoki, Tsutomu, Ursu, Tudor-Mihai, di Cella, Umberto Morra, Hamer, Ute, Klaus, Valentin H., Rêgo, Vanessa Mendes, Di Cecco, Valter, Busch, Verena, Fontana, Veronika, Piscová, Veronika, Carbonell, Victoria, Ochoa, Victoria, Bretagnolle, Vincent, Maire, Vincent, Farjalla, Vinicius, Zhou, Wenjun, Luo, Wentao, McDowell, William H., Hu, Yalin, Utsumi, Yasuhiro, Kominami, Yuji, Zaika, Yulia, Rozhkov, Yury, Kotroczó, Zsolt, Tóth, Zsolt, Djukic, Ika, Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian, Schmidt, Inger Kappel, Larsen, Klaus Steenberg, Beier, Claus, Berg, Björn, Verheyen, Kris, Caliman, Adriano, Paquette, Alain, Gutiérrez-Girón, Alba, Humber, Alberto, Valdecantos, Alejandro, Petraglia, Alessandro, Alexander, Heather, Augustaitis, Algirdas, Saillard, Amélie, Fernández, Ana Carolina Ruiz, Sousa, Ana I., Lillebø, Ana I., da Rocha Gripp, Anderson, Francez, André-Jean, Fischer, Andrea, Bohner, Andreas, Malyshev, Andrey, Andrić, Andrijana, Smith, Andy, Stanisci, Angela, Seres, Anikó, Schmidt, Anja, Avila, Anna, Probst, Anne, Ouin, Annie, Khuroo, Anzar A., Verstraeten, Arne, Palabral-Aguilera, Arely N., Stefanski, Artur, Gaxiola, Aurora, Muys, Bart, Bosman, Bernard, Ahrends, Bernd, Parker, Bill, Sattler, Birgit, Yang, Bo, Juráni, Bohdan, Erschbamer, Brigitta, Ortiz, Carmen Eugenia Rodriguez, Christiansen, Casper T., Carol Adair, E., Meredieu, Céline, Mony, Cendrine, Nock, Charles A., Chen, Chi-Ling, Wang, Chiao-Ping, Baum, Christel, Rixen, Christian, Delire, Christine, Piscart, Christophe, Andrews, Christopher, Rebmann, Corinna, Branquinho, Cristina, Polyanskaya, Dana, Delgado, David Fuentes, Wundram, Dirk, Radeideh, Diyaa, Ordóñez-Regil, Eduardo, Crawford, Edward, Preda, Elena, Tropina, Elena, Groner, Elli, Lucot, Eric, Hornung, Erzsébet, Gacia, Esperança, Lévesque, Esther, Benedito, Evanilde, Davydov, Evgeny A., Ampoorter, Evy, Bolzan, Fabio Padilha, Varela, Felipe, Kristöfel, Ferdinand, Maestre, Fernando T., Maunoury-Danger, Florence, Hofhansl, Florian, Kitz, Florian, Sutter, Flurin, Cuesta, Francisco, de Almeida Lobo, Francisco, de Souza, Franco Leandro, Berninger, Frank, Zehetner, Franz, Wohlfahrt, Georg, Vourlitis, George, Carreño-Rocabado, Geovana, Arena, Gina, Pinha, Gisele Daiane, González, Grizelle, Canut, Guylaine, Lee, Hanna, Verbeeck, Hans, Auge, Harald, Pauli, Harald, Nacro, Hassan Bismarck, Bahamonde, Héctor A., Feldhaar, Heike, Jäger, Heinke, Serrano, Helena C., Verheyden, Hélène, Bruelheide, Helge, Meesenburg, Henning, Jungkunst, Hermann, Jactel, Hervé, Shibata, Hideaki, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Rosas, Hugo López, Rojas Villalobos, Hugo L., Yesilonis, Ian, Melece, Inara, Van Halder, Inge, Quirós, Inmaculada García, Makelele, Isaac, Senou, Issaka, Fekete, István, Mihal, Ivan, Ostonen, Ivika, Borovská, Jana, Roales, Javier, Shoqeir, Jawad, Lata, Jean-Christophe, Theurillat, Jean-Paul, Probst, Jean-Luc, Zimmerman, Jess, Vijayanathan, Jeyanny, Tang, Jianwu, Thompson, Jill, Doležal, Jiří, Sanchez-Cabeza, Joan-Albert, Merlet, Joël, Henschel, Joh, Neirynck, Johan, Knops, Johannes, Loehr, John, von Oppen, Jonathan, Þorláksdóttir, Jónína Sigríður, Löffler, Jörg, Cardoso-Mohedano, José-Gilberto, Benito-Alonso, José-Luis, Torezan, Jose Marcelo, Morina, Joseph C., Jiménez, Juan J., Quinde, Juan Dario, Alatalo, Juha, Seeber, Julia, Stadler, Jutta, Kriiska, Kaie, Coulibaly, Kalifa, Fukuzawa, Karibu, Szlavecz, Katalin, Gerhátová, Katarína, Lajtha, Kate, Käppeler, Kathrin, Jennings, Katie A., Tielbörger, Katja, Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko, Green, Ken, Yé, Lambiénou, Pazianoto, Laryssa Helena Ribeiro, Dienstbach, Laura, Williams, Laura, Yahdjian, Laura, Brigham, Laurel M., van den Brink, Liesbeth, Rustad, Lindsey, Zhang, Lipeng, Morillas, Lourdes, Xiankai, Lu, Carneiro, Luciana Silva, Di Martino, Luciano, Villar, Luis, Bader, Maaike Y., Morley, Madison, Lebouvier, Marc, Tomaselli, Marcello, Sternberg, Marcelo, Schaub, Marcus, Santos-Reis, Margarida, Glushkova, Maria, Torres, María Guadalupe Almazán, Giroux, Marie-Andrée, de Graaff, Marie-Anne, Pons, Marie-Noëlle, Bauters, Marijn, Mazón, Marina, Frenzel, Mark, Didion, Markus, Wagner, Markus, Hamid, Maroof, Lopes, Marta L., Apple, Martha, Schädler, Martin, Weih, Martin, Gualmini, Matteo, Vadeboncoeur, Matthew A., Bierbaumer, Michael, Danger, Michael, Liddell, Michael, Mirtl, Michael, Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, Růžek, Michal, Carbognani, Michele, Di Musciano, Michele, Matsushita, Michinari, Zhiyanski, Miglena, Pușcaș, Mihai, Barna, Milan, Ataka, Mioko, Jiangming, Mo, Alsafran, Mohammed, Carnol, Monique, Barsoum, Nadia, Tokuchi, Naoko, Eisenhauer, Nico, Lecomte, Nicolas, Filippova, Nina, Hölzel, Norbert, Ferlian, Olga, Romero, Oscar, Pinto, Osvaldo B., Peri, Pablo, Weber, Paige, Vittoz, Pascal, Turtureanu, Pavel Dan, Fleischer, Peter, Macreadie, Peter, Haase, Peter, Reich, Peter, Petřík, Petr, Choler, Philippe, Marmonier, Pierre, Muriel, Priscilla, Ponette, Quentin, Guariento, Rafael Dettogni, Canessa, Rafaella, Kiese, Ralf, Hewitt, Rebecca, Rønn, Regin, Adrian, Rita, Kanka, Róbert, Weigel, Robert, Gatti, Roberto Cazzolla, Martins, Rodrigo Lemes, Georges, Romain, Meneses, Rosa Isela, Gavilán, Rosario G., Dasgupta, Sabyasachi, Wittlinger, Sally, Puijalon, Sara, Freda, Sarah, Suzuki, Satoshi, Charles, Sean, Gogo, Sébastien, Drollinger, Simon, Mereu, Simone, Wipf, Sonja, Trevathan-Tackett, Stacey, Löfgren, Stefan, Stoll, Stefan, Trogisch, Stefan, Hoeber, Stefanie, Seitz, Steffen, Glatzel, Stephan, Milton, Sue J., Dousset, Sylvie, Mori, Taiki, Sato, Takanori, Ise, Takeshi, Hishi, Takuo, Kenta, Tanaka, Nakaji, Tatsuro, Michelan, Thaisa Sala, Camboulive, Thierry, Mozdzer, Thomas J., Scholten, Thomas, Spiegelberger, Thomas, Zechmeister, Thomas, Kleinebecker, Till, Hiura, Tsutom, Enoki, Tsutomu, Ursu, Tudor-Mihai, di Cella, Umberto Morra, Hamer, Ute, Klaus, Valentin H., Rêgo, Vanessa Mendes, Di Cecco, Valter, Busch, Verena, Fontana, Veronika, Piscová, Veronika, Carbonell, Victoria, Ochoa, Victoria, Bretagnolle, Vincent, Maire, Vincent, Farjalla, Vinicius, Zhou, Wenjun, Luo, Wentao, McDowell, William H., Hu, Yalin, Utsumi, Yasuhiro, Kominami, Yuji, Zaika, Yulia, Rozhkov, Yury, Kotroczó, Zsolt, and Tóth, Zsolt

Abstract

Through litter decomposition enormous amounts of carbon is emitted to the atmosphere. Numerous large-scale decomposition experiments have been conducted focusing on this fundamental soil process in order to understand the controls on the terrestrial carbon transfer to the atmosphere. However, previous studies were mostly based on site-specific litter and methodologies, adding major uncertainty to syntheses, comparisons and meta-analyses across different experiments and sites. In the TeaComposition initiative, the potential litter decomposition is investigated by using standardized substrates (Rooibos and Green tea) for comparison of litter mass loss at 336 sites (ranging from −9 to +26 °C MAT and from 60 to 3113 mm MAP) across different ecosystems. In this study we tested the effect of climate (temperature and moisture), litter type and land-use on early stage decomposition (3 months) across nine biomes. We show that litter quality was the predominant controlling factor in early stage litter decomposition, which explained about 65% of the variability in litter decomposition at a global scale. The effect of climate, on the other hand, was not litter specific and explained <0.5% of the variation for Green tea and 5% for Rooibos tea, and was of significance only under unfavorable decomposition conditions (i.e. xeric versus mesic environments). When the data were aggregated at the biome scale, climate played a significant role on decomposition of both litter types (explaining 64% of the variation for Green tea and 72% for Rooibos tea). No significant effect of land-use on early stage litter decomposition was noted within the temperate biome. Our results indicate that multiple drivers are affecting early stage litter mass loss with litter quality being dominant. In order to be able to quantify the relative importance of the different drivers over time, long-term studies combined with experimental trials are needed.

Published
2018

3. Ermittlung von Dekompositionsraten mittels des Tea Bag Index in einem subtropischen Waldökosystem in China

Author

Käppeler, Kathrin Maria

Abstract

Dekompositionsprozesse sind maßgeblich an den Kohlenstoff- und Nährstoffumsätzen in ter-restrischen Ökosystemen beteiligt. Während die Primärproduktion von Pflanzen CO2 aus der At-mosphäre festsetzt, wird CO2 durch die Dekomposition im Boden freigesetzt. Die Geschwindig-keit der Dekomposition hängt von verschiedenen abiotischen und biotischen Einflussfaktoren ab und variiert dadurch in verschiedenen Ökosystemen. In einem subtropischen Waldökosystem in China wurden im Rahmen des BEF-China-Forschungs-projekts Dekompositionsraten mittels des Tea Bag Index nach der Methode von KEUSKAMP et al. (2013) ermittelt. Dafür wurden zwei Teesorten – Grüntee und Rooibostee –als Substrate ver-wendet, welche die Laubstreu repräsentieren. Es stellte sich heraus, dass die Streuqualität von entscheidender Bedeutung in Bezug auf die Umsetzgeschwindigkeit und die prozentuale Zerset-zung des Materials ist. Grüntee wurde nach einer Inkubation von 90 Tagen im Boden durch-schnittlich zu 76 % zersetzt, während Rooibostee durchschnittlich zu 22 % zersetzt wurde. Zusätzlich wurden die Zersetzungsraten des Tees in Zusammenhang mit potentiellen Einflusspa-rametern im Untersuchungsgebiet gebracht und analysiert. Zur Verfügung standen plotbasierte Daten zu pH-Wert, TOC (Total Organic Carbon), N (Stickstoff) sowie zur Hangneigung, Höhen-lage, Exposition und weitere topographische Parameter. Die Auswertung mittels Klassifikationsbäumen (Classification And Regression Trees, CART und Classification And Regression Training, CART) ergab, dass Stickstoff im umgebenden Boden der einflussreichste Parameter ist. Dies wurde durch die Auswertung der Rangkorrelationskoeffi-zienten ρ nach Spearman bestätigt. Hohe Stichstoffgehalte im Boden sind für eine hohe A-bundanz und Aktivität der Bodenorganismen verantwortlich und ermöglichen dadurch eine schnellere Dekomposition. Hohe Temperaturen und eine hohe relative Luftfeuchtigkeit beein-flussen die Zersetzung ebenfalls positiv. Des Weiteren wurden verschiedene Standorte inner-halb der Plots verglichen. Totholz oder lebende Bäume in unmittelbarer Umgebung beeinflussen die Dekomposition der Streu demnach nicht signifikant. Die Ermittlung von Dekompositionsraten mittels des Tea Bag Index soll eine globale Vergleich-barkeit schaffen. Die Methode ist jedoch kritisch zu bewerten, da sie in ihrer Aussagekraft stark limitiert ist. Schwankungen in den Umweltbedingungen, v. a. Temperaturänderungen während der Inkubationszeit, können Verzerrungen der Dekompositionsrate k hervorrufen. Dadurch ist der Zeitpunkt der Durchführung des Experimentes entscheidend und eine globale Vergleichbar-keit aufgrund der Saisonalität nicht möglich. Es wird vorgeschlagen Dekompositionsraten wei-terhin mit Litterbags mit Laubstreu aus dem jeweiligen Ökosystem zu ermitteln. Dadurch können aussagekräftigere Daten zur Dekomposition im Ökosystem gewonnen werden., Decomposition processes control carbon and nutrient turnover in terrestrial ecosystems and thus play an important role in terrestrial ecosystems. While primary production of plants accu-mulates CO2 from the atmosphere, CO2 is released by decomposition in soils. The speed of de-composition depends on different abiotic and biotic influencing factors and thus varies in differ-ent ecosystems. Decomposition rates were calculated in a subtropical forest ecosystem in China using a method by KEUSKAMP et al. (2013), so-called Tea Bag Index. The experiment is part of the BEF-China re-search project. Two types of tea – green tea and rooibos tea – were used as substrates, which represent the leaf litter. It turned out that the litter quality is crucial in terms of the decomposi-tion rate. Green tea was decomposed by an average of 76 % after an incubation of 90 days in the soil, while rooibos tea was decomposed by an average of 22%. In addition, the decomposition rates of the tea were investigated and analyzed regarding poten-tial influencing parameters. Plot-based data were available for pH, TOC (total organic carbon), N (nitrogen), slope, altitude and exposure, as well as other topographical parameters. The evaluation by classification and regression trees (CART) and classification and regression training (CARET) revealed that nitrogen in surrounding soils is the most influential parameter. This was confirmed by rank correlation coefficient ρ (Spearman). High concentrations of N in soils are responsible for high abundance and activity of soil organisms, and thus enable a faster decomposition. Additionally, high temperatures and high relative humidity influence the decom-position positively. Furthermore, different locations within the plots were compared. Deadwood or living trees in immediate vicinity do not significantly influence the decomposition of litter. Determination of decomposition rates using the Tea Bag Index is intended to create global com-parability. The method, however, is to be assessed critically since it is strongly limited in its power of expression and comparability. Variations in environmental conditions, in particular temperature changes during the incubation period, can cause distortions of the decomposition rate k. Therefore, the date of the experiment is decisive and a global comparability is not possi-ble due to seasonality. It is suggested to determine decomposition rates with litter bags with foliage from the ecosystem of interest. In this way, more accurate data for decomposition in a specific ecosystem can be obtained.

Published
2017
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4. Biogeosciences / Bryophyte-dominated biological soil crusts mitigate soil erosion in an early successional Chinese subtropical forest

Author

Seitz, Steffen, Nebel, Martin, Goebes, Philipp, Käppeler, Kathrin, Schmidt, Karsten, Shi, Xuezheng, Song, Zhengshan, Webber, Carla L., Weber, Bettina, and Scholten, Thomas

Abstract

This study investigated the development of biological soil crusts (biocrusts) in an early successional subtropical forest plantation and their impact on soil erosion. Within a biodiversity and ecosystem functioning experiment in southeast China (biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF) China), the effect of these biocrusts on sediment delivery and runoff was assessed within micro-scale runoff plots under natural rainfall, and biocrust cover was surveyed over a 5-year period. Results showed that biocrusts occurred widely in the experimental forest ecosystem and developed from initial light cyanobacteria- and algae-dominated crusts to later-stage bryophyte-dominated crusts within only 3 years. Biocrust cover was still increasing after 6 years of tree growth. Within later-stage crusts, 25 bryophyte species were determined. Surrounding vegetation cover and terrain attributes significantly influenced the development of biocrusts. Besides high crown cover and leaf area index, the development of biocrusts was favoured by low slope gradients, slope orientations towards the incident sunlight and the altitude of the research plots. Measurements showed that bryophyte-dominated biocrusts strongly decreased soil erosion, being more effective than abiotic soil surface cover. Hence, their significant role in mitigating sediment delivery and runoff generation in mesic forest environments and their ability to quickly colonise soil surfaces after disturbance are of particular interest for soil erosion control in early-stage forest plantations. Version of record

Published
2017

5. Early stage litter decomposition across biomes

Author

Djukic, Ika, primary, Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian, additional, Schmidt, Inger Kappel, additional, Larsen, Klaus Steenberg, additional, Beier, Claus, additional, Berg, Björn, additional, Verheyen, Kris, additional, Caliman, Adriano, additional, Paquette, Alain, additional, Gutiérrez-Girón, Alba, additional, Humber, Alberto, additional, Valdecantos, Alejandro, additional, Petraglia, Alessandro, additional, Alexander, Heather, additional, Augustaitis, Algirdas, additional, Saillard, Amélie, additional, Fernández, Ana Carolina Ruiz, additional, Sousa, Ana I., additional, Lillebø, Ana I., additional, da Rocha Gripp, Anderson, additional, Francez, André-Jean, additional, Fischer, Andrea, additional, Bohner, Andreas, additional, Malyshev, Andrey, additional, Andrić, Andrijana, additional, Smith, Andy, additional, Stanisci, Angela, additional, Seres, Anikó, additional, Schmidt, Anja, additional, Avila, Anna, additional, Probst, Anne, additional, Ouin, Annie, additional, Khuroo, Anzar A., additional, Verstraeten, Arne, additional, Palabral-Aguilera, Arely N., additional, Stefanski, Artur, additional, Gaxiola, Aurora, additional, Muys, Bart, additional, Bosman, Bernard, additional, Ahrends, Bernd, additional, Parker, Bill, additional, Sattler, Birgit, additional, Yang, Bo, additional, Juráni, Bohdan, additional, Erschbamer, Brigitta, additional, Ortiz, Carmen Eugenia Rodriguez, additional, Christiansen, Casper T., additional, Carol Adair, E., additional, Meredieu, Céline, additional, Mony, Cendrine, additional, Nock, Charles A., additional, Chen, Chi-Ling, additional, Wang, Chiao-Ping, additional, Baum, Christel, additional, Rixen, Christian, additional, Delire, Christine, additional, Piscart, Christophe, additional, Andrews, Christopher, additional, Rebmann, Corinna, additional, Branquinho, Cristina, additional, Polyanskaya, Dana, additional, Delgado, David Fuentes, additional, Wundram, Dirk, additional, Radeideh, Diyaa, additional, Ordóñez-Regil, Eduardo, additional, Crawford, Edward, additional, Preda, Elena, additional, Tropina, Elena, additional, Groner, Elli, additional, Lucot, Eric, additional, Hornung, Erzsébet, additional, Gacia, Esperança, additional, Lévesque, Esther, additional, Benedito, Evanilde, additional, Davydov, Evgeny A., additional, Ampoorter, Evy, additional, Bolzan, Fabio Padilha, additional, Varela, Felipe, additional, Kristöfel, Ferdinand, additional, Maestre, Fernando T., additional, Maunoury-Danger, Florence, additional, Hofhansl, Florian, additional, Kitz, Florian, additional, Sutter, Flurin, additional, Cuesta, Francisco, additional, de Almeida Lobo, Francisco, additional, de Souza, Franco Leandro, additional, Berninger, Frank, additional, Zehetner, Franz, additional, Wohlfahrt, Georg, additional, Vourlitis, George, additional, Carreño-Rocabado, Geovana, additional, Arena, Gina, additional, Pinha, Gisele Daiane, additional, González, Grizelle, additional, Canut, Guylaine, additional, Lee, Hanna, additional, Verbeeck, Hans, additional, Auge, Harald, additional, Pauli, Harald, additional, Nacro, Hassan Bismarck, additional, Bahamonde, Héctor A., additional, Feldhaar, Heike, additional, Jäger, Heinke, additional, Serrano, Helena C., additional, Verheyden, Hélène, additional, Bruelheide, Helge, additional, Meesenburg, Henning, additional, Jungkunst, Hermann, additional, Jactel, Hervé, additional, Shibata, Hideaki, additional, Kurokawa, Hiroko, additional, Rosas, Hugo López, additional, Rojas Villalobos, Hugo L., additional, Yesilonis, Ian, additional, Melece, Inara, additional, Van Halder, Inge, additional, Quirós, Inmaculada García, additional, Makelele, Isaac, additional, Senou, Issaka, additional, Fekete, István, additional, Mihal, Ivan, additional, Ostonen, Ivika, additional, Borovská, Jana, additional, Roales, Javier, additional, Shoqeir, Jawad, additional, Lata, Jean-Christophe, additional, Theurillat, Jean-Paul, additional, Probst, Jean-Luc, additional, Zimmerman, Jess, additional, Vijayanathan, Jeyanny, additional, Tang, Jianwu, additional, Thompson, Jill, additional, Doležal, Jiří, additional, Sanchez-Cabeza, Joan-Albert, additional, Merlet, Joël, additional, Henschel, Joh, additional, Neirynck, Johan, additional, Knops, Johannes, additional, Loehr, John, additional, von Oppen, Jonathan, additional, Þorláksdóttir, Jónína Sigríður, additional, Löffler, Jörg, additional, Cardoso-Mohedano, José-Gilberto, additional, Benito-Alonso, José-Luis, additional, Torezan, Jose Marcelo, additional, Morina, Joseph C., additional, Jiménez, Juan J., additional, Quinde, Juan Dario, additional, Alatalo, Juha, additional, Seeber, Julia, additional, Stadler, Jutta, additional, Kriiska, Kaie, additional, Coulibaly, Kalifa, additional, Fukuzawa, Karibu, additional, Szlavecz, Katalin, additional, Gerhátová, Katarína, additional, Lajtha, Kate, additional, Käppeler, Kathrin, additional, Jennings, Katie A., additional, Tielbörger, Katja, additional, Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko, additional, Green, Ken, additional, Yé, Lambiénou, additional, Pazianoto, Laryssa Helena Ribeiro, additional, Dienstbach, Laura, additional, Williams, Laura, additional, Yahdjian, Laura, additional, Brigham, Laurel M., additional, van den Brink, Liesbeth, additional, Rustad, Lindsey, additional, Zhang, Lipeng, additional, Morillas, Lourdes, additional, Xiankai, Lu, additional, Carneiro, Luciana Silva, additional, Di Martino, Luciano, additional, Villar, Luis, additional, Bader, Maaike Y., additional, Morley, Madison, additional, Lebouvier, Marc, additional, Tomaselli, Marcello, additional, Sternberg, Marcelo, additional, Schaub, Marcus, additional, Santos-Reis, Margarida, additional, Glushkova, Maria, additional, Torres, María Guadalupe Almazán, additional, Giroux, Marie-Andrée, additional, de Graaff, Marie-Anne, additional, Pons, Marie-Noëlle, additional, Bauters, Marijn, additional, Mazón, Marina, additional, Frenzel, Mark, additional, Didion, Markus, additional, Wagner, Markus, additional, Hamid, Maroof, additional, Lopes, Marta L., additional, Apple, Martha, additional, Schädler, Martin, additional, Weih, Martin, additional, Gualmini, Matteo, additional, Vadeboncoeur, Matthew A., additional, Bierbaumer, Michael, additional, Danger, Michael, additional, Liddell, Michael, additional, Mirtl, Michael, additional, Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, additional, Růžek, Michal, additional, Carbognani, Michele, additional, Di Musciano, Michele, additional, Matsushita, Michinari, additional, Zhiyanski, Miglena, additional, Pușcaș, Mihai, additional, Barna, Milan, additional, Ataka, Mioko, additional, Jiangming, Mo, additional, Alsafran, Mohammed, additional, Carnol, Monique, additional, Barsoum, Nadia, additional, Tokuchi, Naoko, additional, Eisenhauer, Nico, additional, Lecomte, Nicolas, additional, Filippova, Nina, additional, Hölzel, Norbert, additional, Ferlian, Olga, additional, Romero, Oscar, additional, Pinto, Osvaldo B., additional, Peri, Pablo, additional, Weber, Paige, additional, Vittoz, Pascal, additional, Turtureanu, Pavel Dan, additional, Fleischer, Peter, additional, Macreadie, Peter, additional, Haase, Peter, additional, Reich, Peter, additional, Petřík, Petr, additional, Choler, Philippe, additional, Marmonier, Pierre, additional, Muriel, Priscilla, additional, Ponette, Quentin, additional, Guariento, Rafael Dettogni, additional, Canessa, Rafaella, additional, Kiese, Ralf, additional, Hewitt, Rebecca, additional, Rønn, Regin, additional, Adrian, Rita, additional, Kanka, Róbert, additional, Weigel, Robert, additional, Gatti, Roberto Cazzolla, additional, Martins, Rodrigo Lemes, additional, Georges, Romain, additional, Meneses, Rosa Isela, additional, Gavilán, Rosario G., additional, Dasgupta, Sabyasachi, additional, Wittlinger, Sally, additional, Puijalon, Sara, additional, Freda, Sarah, additional, Suzuki, Satoshi, additional, Charles, Sean, additional, Gogo, Sébastien, additional, Drollinger, Simon, additional, Mereu, Simone, additional, Wipf, Sonja, additional, Trevathan-Tackett, Stacey, additional, Löfgren, Stefan, additional, Stoll, Stefan, additional, Trogisch, Stefan, additional, Hoeber, Stefanie, additional, Seitz, Steffen, additional, Glatzel, Stephan, additional, Milton, Sue J., additional, Dousset, Sylvie, additional, Mori, Taiki, additional, Sato, Takanori, additional, Ise, Takeshi, additional, Hishi, Takuo, additional, Kenta, Tanaka, additional, Nakaji, Tatsuro, additional, Michelan, Thaisa Sala, additional, Camboulive, Thierry, additional, Mozdzer, Thomas J., additional, Scholten, Thomas, additional, Spiegelberger, Thomas, additional, Zechmeister, Thomas, additional, Kleinebecker, Till, additional, Hiura, Tsutom, additional, Enoki, Tsutomu, additional, Ursu, Tudor-Mihai, additional, di Cella, Umberto Morra, additional, Hamer, Ute, additional, Klaus, Valentin H., additional, Rêgo, Vanessa Mendes, additional, Di Cecco, Valter, additional, Busch, Verena, additional, Fontana, Veronika, additional, Piscová, Veronika, additional, Carbonell, Victoria, additional, Ochoa, Victoria, additional, Bretagnolle, Vincent, additional, Maire, Vincent, additional, Farjalla, Vinicius, additional, Zhou, Wenjun, additional, Luo, Wentao, additional, McDowell, William H., additional, Hu, Yalin, additional, Utsumi, Yasuhiro, additional, Kominami, Yuji, additional, Zaika, Yulia, additional, Rozhkov, Yury, additional, Kotroczó, Zsolt, additional, and Tóth, Zsolt, additional

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2018
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