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Intracerebral hemorrhage is a lethal cerebrovascular disease, and the inevitable secondary brain injury (SBI) is responsible for serious disability and death. Perfect therapeutic goal is to minimize SBI and restore neurobehavioral functions. Recently, neuroprotection is highlighted to reduce SBI, but it still faces "Neuronal survival but impaired functions" dilemma. Herein, this work further proposes a novel combinational therapeutic strategy of neuroprotection and neurogenesis toward this goal. However, appropriate therapeutic agents are rarely reported, and their discovery and development are urgently needed. Selenium participates in various physiological/pathological processes, which is hypothesized as a potential targeting molecule. To explore this effect, this work formulates an ultra-small selenium nanodot with a seleno-amino acid derived carbon dot domain and a hydrophilic PEG layer, surprisingly finding that it increases various selenoproteins levels at perihematomal region, to not only exert multiple neuroprotective roles at acute phase but promote neurogenesis and inhibit glial scar formation at recovery phase. At a safe dose, this combinational strategy effectively prevents SBI and recovers neurobehavioral functions to a normal level. Furthermore, its molecular mechanisms are revealed to broaden application scopes in other complex diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban wetlands represent a significant ecosystem type within urban landscapes. The quantitative assessment of their ecological service value holds great significance in guiding and improving the urban habitat. However, due to the insufficient spatial resolution of traditional low-to-medium resolution remote sensing imagery for surface monitoring, previous studies have conducted relatively limited research on the ecosystem services of urban wetlands. In this paper, based on multi-source data including multi-scale remote sensing data, a spatial-temporal fusion model and multiple ecological parameter inversion models were employed to invert three key ecological parameters at high spatial resolution, thereby assessing the ecosystem service values (ESVs) of urban wetlands. Taking the East Lake Scenic Area (ELSA) in Wuhan as an example, the dynamics of its ecosystem services' value components were comparatively analyzed. The results indicate that, while the total value of ecosystem services declined slightly in 2015 compared to 2011, there was a notable increase in their value to CNY 3.219 billion by 2019, which represents a doubling of the total value relative to 2011. This trend could be primarily attributed to a significant rise in cultural services within the region. Specifically, the value of tourism services reached CNY 2.090 billion in 2019, representing a threefold increase compared to 2011. This demonstrates that ecosystem services in the ELSA have been significantly optimized and enhanced through associated ecological projects. Further research should investigate the mechanisms by which urbanization affects these crucial ecosystem services, particularly the characterization of cultural services in urban wetlands, and develop more effective strategies to enhance urban resilience and sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cuproptosis is a newly discovered form of programmed cell death significantly depending on the transport efficacy of copper (Cu) ionophores. However, existing Cu ionophores, primarily small molecules with a short blood half‐life, face challenges in transporting enough amounts of Cu ions into tumor cells. This work describes the construction of carrier‐free nanoparticles (Ce6@Cu NPs), which self‐assembled by the coordination of Cu2+ with the sonosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6), facilitating sonodynamic‐triggered combination of cuproptosis and ferroptosis. Ce6@Cu NPs internalized by U87MG cells induce a sonodynamic effect and glutathione (GSH) depletion capability, promoting lipid peroxidation and eventually inducing ferroptosis. Furthermore, Cu+ concentration in tumor cells significantly increases as Cu2+ reacts with reductive GSH, resulting in the downregulation of ferredoxin‐1 and lipoyl synthase. This induces the oligomerization of lipoylated dihydrolipoamide S‐acetyltransferase, causing proteotoxic stress and irreversible cuproptosis. Ce6@Cu NPs possess a satisfactory ability to penetrate the blood‐brain barrier, resulting in significant accumulation in orthotopic U87MG‐Luc glioblastoma. The sonodynamic‐triggered combination of ferroptosis and cuproptosis in the tumor by Ce6@Cu NPs is evidenced both in vitro and in vivo with minimal side effects. This work represents a promising tumor therapeutic strategy combining ferroptosis and cuproptosis, potentially inspiring further research in developing logical and effective cancer therapies based on cuproptosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various diseases have been linked to the human microbiota, but the underlying molecular mechanisms of the microbiota in disease pathogenesis are often poorly understood. Using acne as a disease model, we aimed to understand the molecular response of the skin microbiota to host metabolite signaling in disease pathogenesis. Metatranscriptomic analysis revealed that the transcriptional profiles of the skin microbiota separated acne patients from healthy individuals. The vitamin B12 biosynthesis pathway in the skin bacterium Propionibacterium acnes was significantly down-regulated in acne patients. We hypothesized that host vitamin B12 modulates the activities of the skin microbiota and contributes to acne pathogenesis. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed the skin microbiota in healthy subjects supplemented with vitamin B12. We found that the supplementation repressed the expression of vitamin B12 biosynthesis genes in P. acnes and altered the transcriptome of the skin microbiota. One of the 10 subjects studied developed acne 1 week after vitamin B12 supplementation. To further understand the molecular mechanism, we revealed that vitamin B12 supplementation in P. acnes cultures promoted the production of porphyrins, which have been shown to induce inflammation in acne. Our findings suggest a new bacterial pathogenesis pathway in acne and provide one molecular explanation for the long-standing clinical observation that vitamin B12 supplementation leads to acne development in a subset of individuals. Our study discovered that vitamin B12, an essential nutrient in humans, modulates the transcriptional activities of skin bacteria, and provided evidence that metabolite-mediated interactions between the host and the skin microbiota play essential roles in disease development.