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In the global music landscape, traditionally dominated by Western powerhouses, the Korean music industry has emerged as a formidable force over the past two decades, achieving remarkable milestones. At the heart of this success lies the trainee system, a reflection of Korea's collectivist culture, which has established a solid foundation for the industry's swift industrialization. This article employs a literature analysis approach to explore the significant impact of the Korean music industry model on propelling Korean music onto the global stage. It also delves into the potential future developments of the industry, examining the balance between maintaining its unique identity and adapting to the ever-evolving global music landscape. The study finds that the industry's strategic utilization of technological advancements has facilitated the creation of a highly efficient production line, solidifying its status as a powerhouse of high output and returns. The advanced and collective nature of the Korean music industry has equipped it with the resilience and adaptability necessary to tackle various challenges effectively. However, the industry's reliance on a homogenized and assembly-line approach to star-making and music production raises concerns, as it may curb artistic creativity and lead to a lack of diversity in Korean music.

The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine was initially approved for a three-dose regimen. Due to resource limitations, budget constraints, low acceptance, and poor adherence, global vaccination coverage is only 15%. A single-dose regimen could simplify logistics, reduce costs, and improve accessibility. However, its clinical effectiveness remains debatable. This review systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library, including 42 clinical studies, to assess the effectiveness of a single-dose HPV vaccination for preventing HPV infections, cervical abnormalities, and genital warts. We summarized the effectiveness of bivalent, quadrivalent, and nonavalent vaccines across different age groups and buffer periods, and analyzed the factors contributing to the inconsistency of results. The review also provides insights into designing robust future research to inform single-dose HPV vaccination policies and guidelines, highlighting the need for further research to refine vaccination strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pre-trained language model-based neural rankers have been widely applied in information retrieval (IR). However, the robustness issue of current IR models has not received sufficient attention, which could significantly impact the user experience in practical applications. In this study, we focus on the defensive ability of IR models against query attacks while guaranteeing their retrieval performance. We discover that improving the robustness of IR models not only requires a focus on model architecture and training methods but is also closely related to the quality of data. Different from previous research, we use large language models (LLMs) to generate query variations with the same intent, which exhibit richer and more realistic expressions while maintaining consistent query intent. Based on LLM-generated query variations, we propose a novel contrastive training framework that substantially enhances the robustness of IR models to query perturbations. Specifically, we combine the contrastive loss in the representation space of query variations with the ranking loss in the retrieval training stage to improve the model's ability to understand the underlying semantic information of queries. Experimental results on two public datasets, WikiQA and ANTIQUE, demonstrate that the proposed contrastive training approach effectively improves the robustness of models facing query attack scenarios while outperforming baselines in retrieval performance. Compared with the best baseline approach, the improvements in average robustness performance of Reranker IR models are 24.9%, 26.5%, 27.0%, and 75.0% on WikiQA and 8.7%, 1.9%, 6.3%, and 13.6% on ANTIQUE, in terms of the MAP (Mean Average Precision), MRR (Mean Reciprocal Rank), nDCG@10 (Normalized Discounted Cumulative Gain) and P@10 (Precision), respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medicinal plants are considered to be a critical source of novel compounds and pharmacophores. The genus Ardisia, consisting of approximately 500 species, is the largest genus in the Myrsinaceae family. Ardisia species are widely distributed throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world and have been used for the treatment of cancer, hypertension, irregular menstruation, gonorrhea, diarrhea and postnatal syndromes, among others. Phytochemical studies of Ardisia species have resulted in the isolation and identification of 111 compounds, including triterpenoid saponins, quinones, phenols, coumarins, cyclic depsipepetide and flavonoids. Crude extracts and isolates from Ardisia have been reported to have in vitro and in vivo efficacies, including but not limited to anticancer, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antithrombotic and antidiabetic, antitubercular compounds. This review focuses on the medical and functional uses, phytochemical profile and pharmacological efficacies of Ardisia species over the past 15 years. This review will provide information indicating that Ardisia species represent an invaluable source of potential therapeutic compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]