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The emergence of antimicrobial resistance in pets is not well understood and methods of surveillance are only beginning to be established in a few countries. The consequence of antimicrobial resistant Campylobacter and Arcobacter butzleri to public health is due to the propensity of the bacteria to swiftly acquire and disseminate resistance gene. Thus, making way for the emergence of new and very pathogenic clones resulting to difficulty in treatment with antimicrobials. The objectives of this study were to determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns and multidrug-resistant (MDR) profiles of Campylobacter and Arcobacter butzleri isolated from dogs and cats and to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance using the disc diffusion test and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration. Ninety four (94) Arcobacterbutzleri and 28 Campylobacter isolates were tested against 12 antimicrobials using the disc diffusion method namely Ciprofloxacin (Cip) 5µg; Ampicillin (Amp), 10 µg; Tetracycline (Te), 30 µg; Erythromycin (E), 15 µg; gentamicin (CN), 10 µg; Cefotaxime (CTX), 30 µg; Penicillin G (P), µg; Streptomycin (S), µg; nalidixic acid (NA), µg; Enrofloxacin (Enr), µg; Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid (AMC), µg and Ceftazidine (CAZ), µg. Using the M.I.C.E. strip, Campylobacter and A. butzleri isolates showed the exception in the resistance to ciprofloxacin. In comparison, the resistance rates between the disc diffusion and M.I.C. were not significantly different. The resistance patterns showed 18 and 35 antibiotypes for Campylobacter and Arcobacterbutzleri isolates respectively. Campylobacter isolates were found resistant to 9 antimicrobials while Arcobacter butzleri showed resistance to 10 antimicrobials. MDR was reported among 50% and 78.9% of Campylobacter and Arcobacterbutzleri isolates respectively. Antimicrobial re

Aims: Campylobacter is the most widely reported zoonotic bacterial agent that causes enteric disease in humans worldwide with millions of cases recorded far exceeding salmonellosis in Europe and United States. The objective of this study was to determine the occurrence of Campylobacter in dogs and cats and their associated risk factors. Methodology and results: A total of 101 rectal swabs were collected from both pets (n=40) and stray dogs (n=61) for the study. Similarly, a total of 86 rectal swabs were taken from stray cats (n=46) and pet cats (n=40) from client pets at a university veterinary hospital and from stray dogs and cats from animal shelters. Campylobacter were isolated by culture, identified by biochemical tests and confirmed and speciated, using mPCR assay. The result showed occurrence of Campylobacter in stray dogs and stray cats were 16.3% and 32.6% respectively, while in pet dogs and cats were 12.5 % each. Based on the mPCR assay, three species of Campylobacter were identified in dogs namely Campylobacter upsaliensis (66.6%), C. jejuni (6.7%) and C. heliviticus (20%), while C. upsaliensis (55%), C. helviticus (20%) and C. jejuni (6.7%) were identified in cats. The risk factors for the presence of Campylobacter in the animals were analysed but none was significantly associated, however the occurrence in cats was found higher in adults, females, those kept outdoors and residing in town areas, multipets household, cats with no history of being given antibiotics in past infections and being fed on raw meat and fish while the occurrence of Campylobacter was high in dogs of local breeds, females, of young age, being kept outdoors and fed raw meat and fish. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: These findings showed that Campylobacter were quite prevalent in both stray and pet dogs and cats which may contaminate other animals and spread in the environment as Campylobacters. It is of public health concern as humans can contract the disease if they do