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B Introduction: b ZANU (BGB-3111), a potent next-generation Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is approved in various countries for R/R MZL based on the MAGNOLIA study (NCT03846427) primary analysis. Efficacy was assessed by positron emission tomography (PET)-based Lugano criteria for pts with IRC-confirmed fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-avid disease at baseline; non-avid pts were assessed by computed tomography (CT)-based criteria. [Extracted from the article]

The incidence of Hodgkin's lymphoma is 2.5 cases/100 000 inhabitants per year in the Czech Republic and it occurs more frequently in males compared to females-1.3 : 1. No causal etiopathogenetic factor responsible for Hodgkin's lymphoma has been identified so far. This review summarizes risk factors that are associated with the occurrence of Hodgkin's lymphoma. The significance of these factors and the way they affect the incidence of Hodgkin's lymphoma remains under investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Positron emission tomography based on fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F FDG-PET) is currently a standard procedure in the initial staging and restaging after treatment in Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) patients. The complete remission is confirmed by a negative PET examination at the end of treatment and it has a high negative predictive value. Currently the criteria of positive and negative PET results during therapy (interim PET) are thoroughly revised. The possibility of a risk-adapted therapy based on early interim PET results (after 2 cycles of chemotherapy) is tested in several clinical trials. PET in a long-term follow-up after treatment is indicated in HL risk groups only within 24 months. The risk groups include patients with a positive interim PET and patients with a residual massive mediastinal tumor after the end of therapy. Positive PET in relapsed/progressed HL patients after a salvage therapy before an autologous stem cell transplantation is a poor prognostic factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a well-documented side effect of cancer treatment in various types of tumors including Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). However, a longitudinal study evaluating the cognitive performance of HL patients has been completely lacking. The aim of the study was to determine the presence of CRCI in HL patients before, promptly after, and 6 months after treatment. Thirty-six patients newly diagnosed with HL and 45 healthy controls (HC) completed the neuropsychological battery and psychological measures of affective distress and quality of life. The results indicate that HL patients have impaired performance compared to HC which cannot be explained by emotional factors. Cognitive impairments prior to treatment were found in 3 of 6 cognitive domains, i.e., verbal memory and learning, speed of processing/psychomotor speed, and abstraction/executive function. Promptly after the chemotherapy, deficits were found in the domains of memory and learning, verbal memory, speed of processing/psychomotor speed, and abstraction/executive function. Weaker cognitive performance persist even 6 months after the end of chemotherapy, specifically in domains of verbal memory and learning, and abstraction/executive function. Our results indicate the presence of cognitive impairment in HL patients already prior to treatment and increased damages caused by chemotherapy, while some of them may last for up to 6 months after the treatment., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Background: Advanced stages of classical Hodgkin lymphoma can be cured by the first-line treatment in 80% of patients. Conventional treatment options include ABVD chemotherapy (doxorubicin bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine) or escalated BEACOPP (bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisone) are commonly used in advanced stages. The result of interim positron emission tomography allows adjustment of the treatment intensity during chemotherapy and this approach can affect the treatment results and toxicity., Purpose: This review summarizes current options of conventional chemotherapy and implementation of brentuximab vedotin and PD-1 inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy into the first-line treatment.

Twenty percent of patients with high-tumor-burden (HTB) follicular lymphoma (FL) develop progression/relapse of disease (POD) within 24 months of frontline immunochemotherapy. Unfortunately, about 50% of these patients die within 5 years since POD event. Rituximab maintenance was proven to reduce relapse rate in responding FL, but its role on preventing POD was not defined. We analyzed 1360 HTB-FL patients from the Czech Lymphoma Study Group registry treated with frontline rituximab-containing regimen. Of those, 950 cases received rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) and achieved complete or partial remission: 712 patients received rituximab maintenance (MAINT) and 238 were a historical observational cohort (OBS). We have proposed a modified POD24 (mPOD24) endpoint for the chemosensitive patients calculated from the end-of-induction (EOI). Survival rates since EOI were as follows: 5-year overall survival (OS) 86.2% versus 94.5% in the OBS and MAINT groups, respectively ( P  < .001) and 5-year progression-free survival 58.5% (OBS) and 75.4% (MAINT) ( P  < .001). The Cox proportional hazards model showed a decrease in mPOD24 incidence in the MAINT group with the overall hazard rate reduced by 56% (hazard ratio = 0.44; P  < .001). The cumulative incidence of mPOD24 was reduced from 24.1% in OBS to 10.1% in MAINT ( P  < .001). Comparison of non-mPOD24 cases showed OS similar to that in the general population. Rituximab maintenance given after R-CHOP resulted in a 2.4-fold reduction in mPOD24 incidence. Once the non-POD24 status is achieved, FL does not shorten the patients' life expectancy., Competing Interests: Vít Procházka provided consultancy (F. Hoffmann‐La Roche AG) and received research funding (Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Inc); Marek Trněný received research funding (Seattle Genetics, Inc), provided consultancy (F. Hoffmann‐La Roche AG), and received speakers´ bureau (F. Hoffmann‐La Roche AG). Other authors declare no conflict of interest., (© 2020 The Authors. eJHaem published by British Society for Haematology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Chemoimmunotherapy with bendamustine and rituximab is an alternative treatment for elderly patients with CLL. The aim of this observational multicenter study was to prospectively assess efficacy and safety of bendamustine and rituximab in front-line therapy in patients with CLL and significant comorbidities in real hematological practice. Eighty-three consecutive patients with cumulative illness rating scale (CIRS) >6 who received at least one cycle of BR as first-line treatment were included in the study. The median age was 71 years (range, 53-83), the median CIRS was 8 (range, 7-17), and 60.2% of patients had a creatinine clearance ≤70 mL/min. FISH analysis, available for 78 cases, showed a del(17p) in 11.5% and del(11q) in 20.5% of patients. Overall response rate was 88.0% with a complete response rate of 20.5%. With median follow-up time of 22 months, the estimated median progression free survival was 35.9 months. Progression free survival and overall survival rates at 2 years were 69.9% and 96.2%, respectively. Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia were documented in 40 (48.2%), 14 (16.9%), and 8 (9.6%) patients, respectively. Grade 3 or 4 infections occurred in 14.5% of patients. Chemoimmunotherapy with BR is an effective therapeutic option with manageable toxicity for the initial treatment of CLL patients with significant comorbidities. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02381899., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Backgrounds: This retrospective study evaluated treatment outcomes in patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (HL)., Patients and Methods: Overall, 194 HL patients treated with ASCT between 2000 and 2009 were analyzed. Survival was calculated using Kaplan-Meier method and differences in survival between subgroups with log-rank test., Results: Best responses observed after ASCT: 124 complete and 35 partial remissions, 2 patients with stable disease and 33 relapses/progressions. During a median follow-up of 44 months, seventy patients after ASCT progressed/relapsed. Thirty-seven patients received salvage chemotherapy only with or without radiotherapy, 25 underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT), 4 the second ASCT and 4 refused treatment. 5-year overall survival after ASCT was 71% and progression-free survival 54%. Median survival of the 70 patients relapsing after ASCT was 16.9 months. Median survival in patients after allogeneic SCT was 31.8 months and 12.4 months in patients treated with other modalities (p = 0.21). Overall mortality was 26.3% (51/194 patients): 13.4% progressions/relapses of HL and 12.9% non-relapse mortality., Conclusion: Efficacy of ASCT was confirmed in 54% progression-free survivors. Median survival after ASCT failure is relatively short. There is a slightly longer overall survival after allogeneic SCT, although not statistically significant when compared to other approaches.

Lymphocytopenia is a poor prognostic marker in initial staging of non- Hodgkin lymphomas (below 1.0 x 10(9)/l) and Hodgkin lymphoma (below 0.6 x 10(9)/l) and in relapsed diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Early lymphocyte recovery > or =0.5 x 10(9)/l after autologous and allogeneic stem cell transplantation is a significant predictor of tumor control and survival in lymphomas. Natural killer cells are involved in tumor cell killing and are the only subset of lymphocytes associated with disease outcome in initial staging and after autologous stem cell transplantation in lymphomas. The antitumor effect of various NK cell subsets should be defined.

Hodgkin's lymphoma is a lymphoproliferative disease, which differs in its morphology and therapeutic response from other lymphomas. Neoplastic cells represent only a minor cell population of the tumour, while the major part of the tumour is formed by inflammatory cells. It results from the production of cytokines and chemokines both by neoplastic cells and by inflammatory cells. An important prognostic marker in Hodgkin's lymphoma appears to be the chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 17 (CCL17), also known as thymus and activation-related chemokine (TARC). This chemokine is expressed by many cell types and tissues, and in the case of Hodgkin lymphoma, also by Reed-Sternberg cells. CCL17/TARC binds to chemokine receptors CCR4 and CCR8 and displays chemotactic activity for T lymphocytes and some other leukocytes. The understanding of biological pathways in Hodgkin's lymphoma could be important for monitoring of disease activity and for the development of future targeted therapy.

We have followed in a pilot study a group of patients for cytological and biochemical changes of lavage in the upper and lower respiratory system. Into the study patients with respiratory burns confirmed by bronchoscopy and skiagraphy were included. We divided patients according to the Lung Injury Scores (LIS). We obtained the values in our sample group between intubation and last swab (before extubation). Listed are the risk factors, probability of survival, and lung histology results are listed for patients who died.

Myelomatous bone disease affects about 90% patients with multiple myeloma and solitary myeloma as well. In initial stage it is manifested as osteopenia with osteoporosis or osteolytic foci, pathologic fractures followed by neurologic complications. Ethiopathogenitically a role is played by cytokine interactions with local chemokines produced by myeloma cells and activated stromal and hemopoietic cells (osteoblasts, monocytes, macrophages) resp. From the TNF-alpha family glycoprotein complexes are liberated (RANK-L), which support activation and proliferation or are inhibitory (osteoprotegerins). Similarly in the family TGF-beta several izotypes of antiinflammatory cytokines are known (the most important is TGF-beta 1 and the morphogenetic protein-2), which have a fibrotizing effect in bones, because the produced osteoid is insufficiently mineralized. The effect is a pathologic remodelation of the skeleton. In the diagnosis of multiple myeloma the immunological knowledge is used in the initial diagnosis (immunophenotypization, follow up of TNF-alpha, TGF-beta 1, IL-1, IL-6 etc). Important are also biochemistry values of increased osteoresorption (changes of calcium, parathormone, excretion of collagen fission products, osteocalcin, the bone alkaline phosphatase). In the following part the authors inform about favourable results of long-term treatment with bisphosphonates (Bonefos, Ibandronate) in combination with anti-tumor chemotherapy in 364 patients. During a 15 years observation period median survival of 94 months with a 35% probability of 10 year survival was achieved with a significant decrease of bone complications in 58% compared to 14% in the placebo group.

The authors analyze three cases of hepatosplenic (gamma-delta) T-cell lymphoma which is a newly defined unit in the spectrum of primary splenic lymphomas. The first two were diagnosed in sequential biopsies of bone marrow, splenectomic material and the liver of female patients aged 38 and 67 years. In the clinical picture dominated symptoms of progressing splenomegaly, hepatomegaly, haemolytic anaemia and different manifestations of leuco- and thrombocytopenia with expulsion of tumour cells into the peripheral blood. The first patient died after complete remission with signs of heart failure, the second one is surviving for 11 months in partial remission. The third case, a 66-year-old male patient, died suddenly during a 16-day hospitalization on account of diagnosis of hepatopathy and anaemic syndrome, as a result of cardiorespiratory failure. The diagnosis was established only post mortem. In none of the patients signs of affected lymph nodes were present. The authors analyze problems of bioptic diagnosis of the mentioned lymphoma, in particular biopsy of bone marrow in the stage of its initial infiltration. The key to diagnosis is in addition to knowledge of clinical manifestations the typical morphology and intrasinusoid propagation of tumour cells and immunohistochemical evidence of their T-phenotype. The predominance of initial manifestations of haemolytic anaemia calls for differential diagnosis of haemolytic conditions and confirmation of their secondary character.

The authors evaluate their own results of examinations using a flow cytometer in 72 patients (22 children and 50 adults) with acute leukaemia, incl. 34 acute lymphatic leukaemias and 38 acute myeloid leukaemias during the period between January 1994 and October 1995. At the same time the authors draw attention to the clinical importance in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis as well as to different findings in children and adults.