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A four-component reaction was developed by taking advantage of the reactivity of propargyl functional groups residing on primarily formed dicyanoaniline products. Various enolizable cyclic ketones were reacted with malononitrile and 4-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy) benzaldehyde derivatives in an aqueous t-BuOH/NaOH medium, and the resulting dicyanoanilines were subjected to1 a subsequent in situ click reaction to obtain the final dicyanoaniline-anchored triazole products. The enhanced photophysical properties of the novel products are currently under study. Key words: four-component one-pot synthesis, click chemistry, dicyanoanilines, heterocycles. Nous avons mis au point une reaction a quatre composants en exploitant la reactivite des groupes fonctionnels propargyles dont sont pourvus les produits dicyanoaniline initialement formes. Nous avons fait reagir diverses cetones cycliques enolisables avec le malononitrile et des derives 4 (prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)benzaldehyde dans un milieu aqueux contenant du t BuOH et du NaOH. Les dicyanoanilines obtenues ont ete par la suite soumises a une reaction de type << clic >> in situ pour former les triazoles attaches a des dicyanoanilines comme produits finaux. Les proprietes photophysiques ameliorees de ces nouveaux produits sont actuellement a l'etude. [Traduit par la Redaction.] Mots-cles : quatre composants, synthese monotope, chimie clic, dicyanoanilines, heterocycles., Introduction In recent decades, multicomponent reactions (MCRs) have received significant attention from organic chemists due to their facile execution, convenient access to the products of choice, lower costs, and minimized [...]

In recent decades, the frequency and severity of building fires have increased with rapid urbanization, particularly in high-rise buildings and high-building-density areas. Although proactive building fire risk management (PBFRM) can address this issue, significant research gaps exist. This research aims to propose a conceptual framework for understanding the existing condition of integrating proactive building fire risk management in the building construction sector, and the effect on improving building fire safety. It has been performed through a comprehensive review of the relevant literature. This framework identifies five components by answering the following questions: what? (building fire safety), of what? (buildings), to what? (integrate PBFRM in the building construction sector), for what? (ensuring resilience, sustainability and smartness), and how? (through building construction sector governance). According to the proposed conceptual framework, building fire safety can be achieved by integrating the PBFRM measures in different building attributes throughout the building life cycle. At the same time, resilience, sustainability and smartness must be ensured. These can be achieved through governance in the building construction sector. The proposed conceptual framework will contribute to policy and practice by facilitating policymakers and stakeholders in assessing the existing conditions and the efficacy of building fire safety measures, and thereby in devising strategies to further reinforce them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study which investigated the chemical composition, cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitory effects, and cytotoxic activities of essential oils extracted from different parts of Satureja isophylla. Topics discussed include biological properties of Satureja isophylla, chemical compositions of the essential oils from the Satureja isophylla, and acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of essential oils of Satureja isophylla.

Universities are facing many challenges with growing student numbers and a need to modify the traditional lecture and tutorial-based face-to-face pedagogical style both for students who work full-time while studying and for international students who may have language difficulties. To address these challenges, a flipped classroom pedagogical model was trialled in a second-year module in a Construction Management undergraduate degree program. The model consisted of preclass online quizzes, in-class face-to-face lectures, group tasks, active learning spaces, adaptive online tutorials and a case-based assessment. Evaluation findings suggest that preclass activities are an important feature of a flipped classroom to actively engage students in independent learning and to help them construct their own knowledge. Findings also highlight the significance of physical space to facilitate collaboration and interactions between students, improve their learning experience, and inspire students to learn in an active environment. The findings have implications for both educational developers and academics to support the development of open, online, and blended learning courses and to deploy, implement, and evaluate higher education courses.