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36 results on '"Parveen, Zakia"'

6. Zinc interactions, forms and transformations in soil

Author

Parveen, Zakia

Subjects
628.55, Fertilizer zinc
Abstract

After reviewing the literature on factors influencing zinc availability in soils, it was decided to investigate further aspects of the well documented zinc/phosphate interaction for the soil/maize system and to study the migration and transformations of inorganic and organic (sludge) fertilizer zinc in soils. A conventional pot experiment with maize to look at zinc/phosphate interaction, with thorough mixing of added fertilizer, indicated that phosphate could alleviate zinc toxicity effects, but did not show whether this was a soil or plant effect. A subsequent experiment in which soils treated with zinc and phosphate fertilizers were spatially separated by nylon net provided evidence that the interaction occurred, at least in part, in plant roots. This suggests limited benefit in the field for separate placement. Under field conditions, it is unrealistic to expect the same degree of soil mixing as used in typical pot experiments. Therefore an experiment with 65Zn was used to study the vertical movement of surface-applied inorganic zinc fertilizer. The same experiment was also used to study the changes in distribution of added zinc between a range of soil fractions (exchangeable, organic, manganese oxide, iron oxide and residual) at three soil pH values. Uptake was higher at lower pH, corresponding to greater amounts of zinc being retained on exchange sites. However, much of the added zinc was found in the manganese oxide fraction especially at higher pH. Zinc mobility during the experiment was almost negligible. Subsequently the soils left at the end of this experiment were incubated for 6 months and then used for a further pot experiment, to gain insight into residual zinc fertilizer effects. This showed a reduction in exchangeable zinc and plant uptake, with increases in zinc associated with organic matter and iron oxides.

Published
1993

7. Effects of biochar and modified biochar on Chromium contaminated soil properties

Author

Siddika, Asha, Rabbani, AFM Masum, Parveen, Zakia, Hossain, Md. Faruque, Siddika, Asha, Rabbani, AFM Masum, Parveen, Zakia, and Hossain, Md. Faruque

Abstract

In recent years, increasingly more soils are getting contaminated with organic and inorganic toxins globally due to waste emissions. Among inorganic pollutants, heavy metal like chromium (Cr) is alarming to our environment, even though its environmental management is also ignored. As a result, Cr accumulates in plant tissues at toxic concentrations end up in the food chain. Therefore, pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of biochar and modified biochar application on the properties of Cr polluted soils and interaction of Cr with other soil nutrients. Two different biochar viz. rice stubble and saw dust were slow pyrolyzed (450 ± 50ºC) and modified with1M KOH. All biochars were applied at a rate of 20 t ha-1 on soils artificially polluted with Cr at the levels of 0, 100, 200 and 300 µg g-1. The biochars and modified biochars had significant effects (P<0.05) on available K, P, CEC, EC, and N of incubated soils. Therefore, it has convincing evidence that application of biochar and modified biochar is very imperative to improve soil health, ameliorate Cr polluted soils, reduce the amount of carbon produced due to biomass burning and thereby enhances plant growth.

Published
2023

9. Fractionation and Contamination Assessment of Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn in the Sundarbans Mangrove Soils of Bangladesh.

Author

Islam, Md Mahfuz, Akther, Sayada Momotaz, Wahiduzzaman, Md, Hossain, Md Faruque, and Parveen, Zakia

Subjects
COPPER, MANGROVE forests, FOREST soils, PRINCIPAL components analysis, SOIL texture, ARSENIC
Abstract

Metals, particularly Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn are distributed amongst several geochemical forms, influencing their solubility, mobility and toxicity in soil-water systems. In this study, Sundarbans mangrove forest soils were analyzed by sequential fractionation to understand the distribution of these metals into exchangeable (Exch), organically bound (OrgB), Mn-oxide bound (MnOB), amorphous Fe-oxide bound (AFeOB), crystalline Fe-oxide bound (CrFeOB) and residual (Res) fractions. Soil Fe was predominately present in the residual fraction (55–73%), and manganese was primarily bounded in residual (29–58%) and MnOB (5–31%) fractions. The Res, CrFeOB and AFeOB fractions of Cu account for more than 80% of the total Cu. Zinc was mostly concentrated in the residual fraction and varied between 57 to 78% of the total Zn. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and correlation studies revealed that exchangeable and organically bound fractions of these metals were significantly correlated, and their concentrations were highly dependent on soil pH, soil texture, organic carbon and redox potential (p < 0.05). Despite low total concentration, ratio of secondary phase and primary phase (RSP) and risk assessment code (RAC) studies showed that Cu (RSP is 1–2.64 and RAC is 1–2.89) and Mn (RSP is 1–2.42 and RAC is 1–16.66) were at low to moderate contamination risk and Fe maintained no contamination (RSP and RAC < 1) in almost all the soils. In contrast, Zn showed low contamination risk in some areas. This contamination can cause adverse effects on the plants and soil-dwelling organisms of Sundarbans mangrove forest due to higher availability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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18. Soil chemistry and land use

Author

Cresser, Malcolm S., Edwards, Anthony C., and Parveen, Zakia

Subjects
Soil chemistry -- History, Land use -- Research, Science and technology
Abstract

As an empirical pseudo-science, soil chemistry was one of the oldest branches of chemistry, originating in pre-historic times. It continued in this low-key role until it evolved in the late nineteenth and early to mid twentieth centuries as a research discipline crucial to underpinning agriculture and the technical demands of increased food production. Over the past decade it has enjoyed a renaissance as its wider applications, especially in pollution science and hydrogeochemistry, and hence in strategic long-term environment planning, have been increasingly recognized.

Published
1993

36. Effects of Simulated Sulphuric Acid Deposition On Calluna Vulgaris/Peat Microcosms and Associated Soil Solutions

Author

Parveen, Zakia, Smart, Richard, White, Catherine, Gammack, Shimna, Deacon, Claire, and Cresser, Malcolm

Abstract

AbstractCalluna vulgaris/peat microcosms have been used in an outdoor simulated acid rain experiment to test a series of hypotheses about sulphuric acid deposition effects upon the growth of Callunaon peat soil, namely: (1) Initially, enhanced acid input will enhance base cation and ammonium concentrations in soil solution. This may enhance uptake of these species, increasing foliar concentrations of base cations and nitrogen, and possibly foliar chlorophyll a and b concentrations. (2) If changes are induced in nutritional status, they may influence plant growth. (3) in the longer term, enhanced ammonium and base cation solubility occurring as a consequence of cation exchange reactions will lead, especially in winter months, to enhanced leaching losses. Hence any positive effects upon plant nutrition will not be sustainable. (4) the peat will acidify significantly over two years, in the shorter term primarily as a consequence of an enhanced mobile anion effect. (5) Acidification may reduce the rate of mineralisation of organic phosphorus and, in a phosphorus-deficient peat soil, this may lead to reduced foliar phosphate concentration and possibly induce phosphorus deficiency.Most of these hypotheses were supported to some extent by the experimental results. the peat soil solution pH fell immediately in response to the acid treatments, and longer-term acidification continued progressively over the two years of the experiment. in the first year, the treatments significantly influenced the calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and nitrogen status of the leaves from Callunanew shoots, whereas in the second year calcium, potassium and phosphorus were influenced. However, in both years foliar phosphate concentration was enhanced, rather than reduced, in response to increased acid load. Foliar carbon and nitrogen concentrations fell with increasing acidity of

Published
2001
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