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1. New Approaches to Low-Energy Calibration of Cryogenic Detectors

Author

E. Fascione, R. Underwood, R. Germond, M. Peterson-Galema, W. Rau, M. Ghaith, and P. Di Stefano

Subjects
Physics, Work (thermodynamics), Range (particle radiation), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Dark matter, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Wavelength, Optics, law, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, General Materials Science, 010306 general physics, business, Energy (signal processing), Light-emitting diode
Abstract

Searches for dark matter with cryogenic detectors are pushing to lower energy thresholds at each development stage. Consequently, new approaches for detector calibration at the proposed energy scales are necessary. In the case of SuperCDMS SNOLAB, energy thresholds in the range of a few eV are expected. In this paper, we are reporting R&D work for new ideas to calibrate cryogenic detectors in the eV range utilizing LEDs of various wavelengths operated at cryogenic temperatures.

Published
2020
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2. Constraints on low-mass, relic dark matter candidates from a surface-operated SuperCDMS single-charge sensitive detector

Author

K. Fouts, W. Rau, D. A. Bauer, S. S. Poudel, N. Chott, M. L. di Vacri, Ruth Lawrence, Fernando Ponce, H. E. Rogers, S. Scorza, Xingbo Zhao, R. Germond, John Wilson, Bruno Serfass, M. H. Kelsey, A. N. Villano, S. M. Oser, C. Stanford, E. Lopez Asamar, A. Sattari, Matthew Fritts, A. J. Mayer, Vuk Mandic, I. J. Arnquist, B. A. Hines, N. Herbert, M. Michaud, H. R. Harris, Tarek Saab, N. Mast, P. Cushman, D. Barker, H. G. Zhang, L. Zheng, E. Zhang, Douglas Wright, Sunil Golwala, Seema Verma, M. Stein, T. Reynolds, To Chin Yu, Betty A. Young, R. A. Cameron, John L. Orrell, D. MacDonell, L. Hsu, Yu Kai Chang, S. L. Watkins, Martin E. Huber, D. Toback, Jodi Cooley, C. Cartaro, P. Pakarha, N. Mirabolfathi, Bedangadas Mohanty, Amy Roberts, A. Li, J. D. Morales Mendoza, M. A. Bowles, R. Chen, D. Jardin, D. W. P. Amaral, B. von Krosigk, A. Jastram, C. W. Fink, Matt Pyle, S. Nagorny, E. Fascione, R. Underwood, H. Coombes, T. Aralis, R. W. Schnee, D. B. MacFarlane, E. Azadbakht, T. Binder, David G. Cerdeño, Ben Loer, Blas Cabrera, R. Mahapatra, R. Calkins, J. Corbett, R. Bhattacharyya, Noah Kurinsky, E. Michielin, J. Winchell, J. K. Nelson, L. Wills, S. J. Yellin, Tsuguo Aramaki, L. V. S. Bezerra, W. A. Page, M. I. Hollister, J. Sander, D. J. Sincavage, M. Ghaith, F. De Brienne, G. Gerbier, R. Bunker, J. Street, E. Reid, Enectali Figueroa-Feliciano, R. Ren, A. Kubik, P. L. Brink, Bernard Sadoulet, A. E. Robinson, V. Iyer, R. Podviianiuk, R. Partridge, P. Lukens, M. Diamond, Ziqing Hong, M. J. Wilson, V. Novati, S. Banik, Eric W. Hoppe, H. Neog, and C. Bathurst

Subjects
Coupling constant, Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Charge (physics), Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Electron, Kinetic energy, 01 natural sciences, Dark photon, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0103 physical sciences, Absorption (logic), Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Light dark matter, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

This article presents an analysis and the resulting limits on light dark matter inelastically scattering off of electrons, and on dark photon and axion-like particle absorption, using a second-generation SuperCDMS high-voltage eV-resolution detector. The 0.93 gram Si detector achieved a 3 eV phonon energy resolution; for a detector bias of 100 V, this corresponds to a charge resolution of 3% of a single electron-hole pair. The energy spectrum is reported from a blind analysis with 1.2 gram-days of exposure acquired in an above-ground laboratory. With charge carrier trapping and impact ionization effects incorporated into the dark matter signal models, the dark matter-electron cross section $\bar{\sigma}_{e}$ is constrained for dark matter masses from 0.5--$10^{4} $MeV$/c^{2}$; in the mass range from 1.2--50 eV$/c^{2}$ the dark photon kinetic mixing parameter $\varepsilon$ and the axioelectric coupling constant $g_{ae}$ are constrained. The minimum 90% confidence-level upper limits within the above mentioned mass ranges are $\bar{\sigma}_{e}\,=\,8.7\times10^{-34}$ cm$^{2}$, $\varepsilon\,=\,3.3\times10^{-14}$, and $g_{ae}\,=\,1.0\times10^{-9}$., Comment: 5 pages + title and references, 3 figures and 1 table

Published
2020

3. Constraints on dark photons and axionlike particles from the SuperCDMS Soudan experiment

Author

É. M. Michaud, R. Mahapatra, C. W. Fink, R. Underwood, R. A. Cameron, N. Herbert, John L. Orrell, N. Mirabolfathi, D. MacDonell, Ben Loer, D. A. Bauer, S. S. Poudel, C. Cartaro, W. Baker, H. R. Harris, Fernando Ponce, Bedangadas Mohanty, A. Li, Yu Kai Chang, Betty A. Young, Amy Roberts, A. Jastram, C. Stanford, D. J. Sincavage, D. Jardin, A. N. Villano, P. Lukens, M. Diamond, Matthew Fritts, Vuk Mandic, S. M. Oser, K. Fouts, L. Zheng, J. Street, M. Stein, M. I. Hollister, John Wilson, M. E. Huber, E. Azadbakht, A. Kennedy, Ziqing Hong, Xingbo Zhao, T. Reynolds, H. Coombes, F. De Brienne, G. Gerbier, D. B. MacFarlane, Emily Z. Zhang, H. E. Rogers, J. D. Morales Mendoza, L. V. S. Bezerra, Emanuele Michielin, Blas Cabrera, M. J. Wilson, Ruth Lawrence, P. Cushman, T. Binder, Bruno Serfass, S. Banik, Eric W. Hoppe, S. J. Yellin, Tsuguo Aramaki, D. H. Wright, J. Corbett, Noah Kurinsky, H. Neog, C. Bathurst, M. A. Bowles, R. Germond, W. A. Page, Matt Pyle, W. Rau, V. Iyer, R. Podviianiuk, Kartik Senapati, M. Ghaith, Sunil Golwala, S. Nagorny, B. Cornell, E. Fascione, R. Bunker, J. K. Nelson, A. Kubik, M. L. di Vacri, A. E. Robinson, I. J. Arnquist, R. W. Schnee, L. Hsu, S. Scorza, R. Partridge, Tarek Saab, N. Mast, L. Wills, R. Bhattacharyya, D. Toback, B. von Krosigk, J. Sander, Jodi Cooley, M. H. Kelsey, David G. Cerdeño, S. L. Watkins, P. Pakarha, R. Calkins, Enectali Figueroa-Feliciano, R. Ren, D. Barker, J. Winchell, T. Aralis, Bernard Sadoulet, To Chin Yu, E. Lopez Asamar, Seema Verma, Bruce A. Hines, and P. L. Brink

Subjects
Physics, Range (particle radiation), Photon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Dark matter, chemistry.chemical_element, Germanium, Electron, Parameter space, Kinetic energy, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Particle, 010306 general physics
Abstract

We present an analysis of electron recoils in cryogenic germanium detectors operated during the SuperCDMS Soudan experiment. The data are used to set new constraints on the axioelectric coupling of axionlike particles and the kinetic mixing parameter of dark photons, assuming the respective species constitutes all of the galactic dark matter. This study covers the mass range from 40 eV/c2 to 500 keV/c2 for both candidates, excluding previously untested parameter space for masses below ∼1 keV/c2. For the kinetic mixing of dark photons, values below 10−15 are reached for particle masses around 100 eV/c2; for the axioelectric coupling of axionlike particles, values below 10−12 are reached for particles with masses in the range of a few-hundred eV/c2.

Published
2020

4. Light Dark Matter Search with a High-Resolution Athermal Phonon Detector Operated Above Ground

Author

E. Azadbakht, C. W. Fink, C. Cartaro, R. Mahapatra, M. A. Bowles, S. Banik, Eric W. Hoppe, H. Neog, R. A. Cameron, John L. Orrell, C. Bathurst, R. Calkins, D. A. Bauer, S. S. Poudel, D. MacDonell, V. Novati, M. H. Kelsey, M. Diamond, P. Cushman, P. Lukens, Yu Kai Chang, P. Pakarha, J. K. Nelson, Tarek Saab, N. Mast, L. Wills, J. Winchell, R. Partridge, L. V. S. Bezerra, Fernando Ponce, Ziqing Hong, H. G. Zhang, N. Herbert, H. R. Harris, P. L. Brink, D. W. P. Amaral, L. Zheng, M. J. Wilson, D. J. Sincavage, W. A. Page, Bernard Sadoulet, M. Chaudhuri, Blas Cabrera, J. Street, Martin E. Huber, A. E. Robinson, E. Lopez Asamar, N. Mirabolfathi, É. M. Michaud, Bedangadas Mohanty, A. J. Mayer, A. Li, H. Coombes, Noah Kurinsky, I. J. Arnquist, L. Hsu, J. Sander, T. C. Yu, Sunil Golwala, K. Fouts, A. Jastram, J. D. Morales Mendoza, R. W. Schnee, M. Ghaith, Amy Roberts, D. Toback, Ruth Lawrence, T. Binder, Bruno Serfass, A. Kubik, Matt Pyle, T. Aralis, J. Corbett, J. Camilleri, D. Jardin, Matthew Fritts, H. Meyer Zu Theenhausen, V. K. S. Kashyap, C. Stanford, M. I. Hollister, R. Bhattacharyya, Vuk Mandic, E. Michielin, D. H. Wright, A. Sattari, E. Reid, S. J. Yellin, Tsuguo Aramaki, Enectali Figueroa-Feliciano, R. Ren, F. De Brienne, G. Gerbier, R. Germond, I. Alkhatib, B. A. Hines, S. Zuber, Betty A. Young, Seema Verma, B. von Krosigk, Yu. G. Kolomensky, S. L. Watkins, S. Nagorny, E. Fascione, John Wilson, D. B. MacFarlane, David G. Cerdeño, R. Bunker, Emily Z. Zhang, V. Iyer, R. Chen, R. Podviianiuk, R. Underwood, Ben Loer, Jodi Cooley, A. N. Villano, S. M. Oser, Xingbo Zhao, T. Reynolds, I. Ataee Langroudy, D. Barker, M. L. di Vacri, S. Scorza, W. Rau, N. Chott, and UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Above Grounds, Phonon, Dark matter, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Cryogenic Detectors, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Light Dark Matter, Scattering Cross Section, 0103 physical sciences, Energy Resolutions, Dark Matter Searches, 010306 general physics, Light dark matter, Physics, Dark Matter Particles, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, Detector, Resolution (electron density), Física, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Particle, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Energy (signal processing), Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present limits on spin-independent dark matter-nucleon interactions using a $10.6$ $\mathrm{g}$ Si athermal phonon detector with a baseline energy resolution of $\sigma_E=3.86 \pm 0.04$ $(\mathrm{stat.})^{+0.19}_{-0.00}$ $(\mathrm{syst.})$ $\mathrm{eV}$. This exclusion analysis sets the most stringent dark matter-nucleon scattering cross-section limits achieved by a cryogenic detector for dark matter particle masses from $93$ to $140$ $\mathrm{MeV}/c^2$, with a raw exposure of $9.9$ $\mathrm{g}\cdot\mathrm{d}$ acquired at an above-ground facility. This work illustrates the scientific potential of detectors with athermal phonon sensors with eV-scale energy resolution for future dark matter searches., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, this version includes ancillary files from official data release

Published
2020
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5. Erratum: First Dark Matter Constraints from a SuperCDMS Single-Charge Sensitive Detector [Phys. Rev. Lett. 121 , 051301 (2018)]

Author

Betty A. Young, C. Cartaro, A. Kennedy, A. Phipps, Blas Cabrera, Chitrasen Jena, E. Fascione, D. H. Wright, Jodi Cooley, J. V. Leyva, Noah Kurinsky, R. Mahapatra, M. H. Kelsey, W. Rau, T. Binder, C. Stanford, Xingbo Zhao, E. Azadbakht, S. Scorza, E. H. Miller, P. L. Brink, Danielle Speller, J. Street, Amy Roberts, S. J. Yellin, Tsuguo Aramaki, P. Di Stefano, A. N. Villano, Matthew Fritts, S. M. Oser, R. Calkins, B. von Krosigk, Vuk Mandic, H. E. Rogers, R. Agnese, H. R. Harris, M. A. Bowles, T. Reynolds, H. Qiu, A. E. Robinson, V. Iyer, P. Lukens, W. A. Page, C. W. Fink, J. Sander, M. Stein, Martin E. Huber, Bruno Serfass, S. L. Watkins, John Wilson, D. Barker, I. J. Arnquist, D. Jardin, D. A. Bauer, S. Banik, Eric W. Hoppe, J. K. Nelson, S. S. Poudel, W. Baker, B. Cornell, T. Doughty, Fernando Ponce, A. Reisetter, L. Hsu, Ziqing Hong, J. D. Morales Mendoza, John L. Orrell, J. So, X. Zhang, N. Mirabolfathi, D. MacDonell, R. Underwood, Bedangadas Mohanty, A. Scarff, D. Toback, Tarek Saab, N. Mast, G. Gerbier, M. J. Wilson, Ben Loer, Hiromasa Tanaka, R. K. Romani, M. Pepin, David G. Cerdeño, T. Aralis, Matt Pyle, M. Ghaith, A. Kubik, Kartik Senapati, R. Partridge, Sunil Golwala, Yen-Yung Chang, J. Winchell, Bernard Sadoulet, Enectali Figueroa-Feliciano, E. Lopez Asamar, Ruth Lawrence, R. Germond, R. Bunker, R. W. Schnee, and P. Cushman

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Detector, Dark matter, General Physics and Astronomy, Charge (physics)
Abstract

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.051301.

Published
2019
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6. Contact-less phonon detection with massive cryogenic absorbers

Author

Alessandro Monfardini, Martino Calvo, F. Levy-Bertrand, Johannes Goupy, Maryvonne De Jesus, J. Billard, A. Juillard, R. Germond, L. Vagneron, J. Colas, Philippe Camus, Institut Néel (NEEL), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Hélium : du fondamental aux applications (NEEL - HELFA), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon), Cryogénie (NEEL - Cryo), Magnétisme et Supraconductivité (NEEL - MagSup), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)

Subjects
Materials science, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, experimental methods, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Phonon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, silicon: crystal, energy resolution, FOS: Physical sciences, Applied Physics (physics.app-ph), 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Microstrip, High Energy Physics - Experiment, thermal, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Resonator, phonon: detector, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Wafer, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], phonon, detector: design, 010302 applied physics, Superconductivity, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Scattering, business.industry, superconductivity, Detector, Energy conversion efficiency, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Physics - Applied Physics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, cryogenics, aluminum, Optoelectronics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

We have developed a contact-less technique for the real time measurement of a-thermal (Cooper-pair breaking) phonons in an absorber held at sub-Kelvin temperatures. In particular, a thin-film aluminum superconducting resonator was realized on a 30-grams high-resistivity silicon crystal. The lumped-element resonator is inductively excited/read-out by a radio-frequency microstrip feed-line deposited on another wafer; the sensor, a Kinetic Inductance Detector (KID), is read-out without any physical contact or wiring to the absorber. The resonator demonstrates excellent electrical properties, particularly in terms of its internal quality factor. The detection of alphas and gammas in the massive absorber is achieved, with an RMS energy resolution of about 1.4 keV, which is already interesting for particle physics applications. The resolution of this prototype detector is mainly limited by the low (about 0.3%) conversion efficiency of deposited energy to superconducting excitations (quasi-particles). The demonstrated technique can be further optimized, and used to produce large arrays of a-thermal phonon detectors, for use in rare events searches such as: dark matter direct detection,neutrino-less double beta decay, or coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering., Accepted for publication on Applied Physics Letters

Published
2019
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7. Nuclear-recoil energy scale in CDMS II silicon dark-matter detectors

Author

X. Zhao, T. Binder, G.L. Godfrey, J. D. Morales Mendoza, R. Underwood, Martin E. Huber, Tarek Saab, K. Schneck, N. Mast, E. H. Miller, M. Pepin, R. Germond, Yi Chen, B. Welliver, J. Hall, A. W. Borgland, H. R. Harris, W. A. Page, Amy Roberts, Yu Kai Chang, S. Fallows, A. N. Villano, Betty A. Young, M. Ghaith, A. Kubik, R. W. Schnee, V. Iyer, S. M. Oser, R. Basu Thakur, Miguel Daal, H. A. Tanaka, S. J. Yellin, Tsuguo Aramaki, A. Phipps, Hassan Chagani, David G. Cerdeño, K. L. Page, T. Doughty, P. Lukens, S. Banik, R. Partridge, Robert A. Moffatt, Kevin A. McCarthy, John Wilson, B. Cornell, R. Calkins, E. Fascione, Sunil Golwala, P. Redl, Ziqing Hong, P. L. Brink, M. Stein, David Moore, M. Peñalver Martinez, Adam Anderson, M. J. Wilson, E. M. Dragowsky, J. K. Nelson, Donald J. Holmgren, C. Cartaro, W. Rau, David O. Caldwell, H. E. Rogers, M. A. Bowles, P. Cushman, J. Sander, S. Scorza, Danielle Speller, H. Qiu, P. Di Stefano, R. Agnese, J. Street, D. Balakishiyeva, L. Hsu, D. Toback, Matt Pyle, Bruno Serfass, Kartik Senapati, D. Jardin, R. Mahapatra, A. Leder, R. Bunker, A. Reisetter, D. MacDonell, C. Jena, G. Gerbier, L. Esteban, D. Barker, Jodi Cooley, M. H. Kelsey, D. A. Bauer, S. S. Poudel, W. Baker, J. J. Yen, Matthew Fritts, Vuk Mandic, X. Zhang, N. Mirabolfathi, Bedangadas Mohanty, A. Jastram, A. Kennedy, Blas Cabrera, Enectali Figueroa-Feliciano, E. Lopez Asamar, Noah Kurinsky, B. von Krosigk, Bernard Sadoulet, A. E. Robinson, and Douglas Wright

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Electron, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Recoil, Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Physics::Atomic Physics, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Instrumentation, Physics, Elastic scattering, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), 3. Good health, Semiconductor detector, Cryogenic Dark Matter Search, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search (CDMS II) experiment aims to detect dark matter particles that elastically scatter from nuclei in semiconductor detectors. The resulting nuclear-recoil energy depositions are detected by ionization and phonon sensors. Neutrons produce a similar spectrum of low-energy nuclear recoils in such detectors, while most other backgrounds produce electron recoils. The absolute energy scale for nuclear recoils is necessary to interpret results correctly. The energy scale can be determined in CDMS II silicon detectors using neutrons incident from a broad-spectrum $^{252}$Cf source, taking advantage of a prominent resonance in the neutron elastic scattering cross section of silicon at a recoil (neutron) energy near 20 (182) keV. Results indicate that the phonon collection efficiency for nuclear recoils is $4.8^{+0.7}_{-0.9}$% lower than for electron recoils of the same energy. Comparisons of the ionization signals for nuclear recoils to those measured previously by other groups at higher electric fields indicate that the ionization collection efficiency for CDMS II silicon detectors operated at $\sim$4 V/cm is consistent with 100% for nuclear recoils below 20 keV and gradually decreases for larger energies to $\sim$75% at 100 keV. The impact of these measurements on previously published CDMS II silicon results is small., Comment: 22 pages, 17 figures, 1 table, 1 appendix

Published
2018

8. Energy loss due to defect formation from 206Pb recoils in SuperCDMS germanium detectors

Author

I. J. Arnquist, Steve Yellin, D. Toback, Dennis Wright, R. Mahapatra, Nicholas Mast, Andrew Scarff, Todd Doughty, Vijay Iyer, Lauren Hsu, Allison Kennedy, Betty A. Young, Danika MacDonell, Amy Roberts, Dan Jardin, R. Germond, Vuk Mandic, Matt Pyle, P. Cushman, Jorge Morales, A. N. Villano, Dan Bauer, S. M. Oser, John L. Orrell, Matthew Wilson, Kartik Senapati, Francisco Ponce, Alan Robinson, Ryan Underwood, Concetta Cartaro, Belina von Krosigk, Hang Qiu, J. Street, William Page, Brett Cornell, Jodi Cooley, S. L. Watkins, Ben Loer, Andrew Kubik, M. Pepin, Eric W. Hoppe, Hirohisa Tanaka, Michael Bowles, R. Calkins, J. Sander, E. H. Miller, David G. Cerdeño, Angela Reisetter, Xiaohe Zhang, Rusty Harris, T. Aralis, Samir Banik, Jon Wilson, Paul Brink, Eleanor Fascione, N. Mirabolfathi, Bedangadas Mohanty, Wolfgang Rau, Matthew Stein, Blas Cabrera, Richard Lawrence, Elias Lopez-Asamar, Sudip Poudel, Matt Fritts, Bruno Serfass, Silvia Scorza, Chitrasen Jena, Noah Kurinsky, Elham Azadbakht, R. Bunker, Muad Ghaith, D'Ann Barker, Bernard Sadoulet, Hannah Rogers, Philippe Di Stefano, R. W. Schnee, Tyler Reynolds, Sunil Golwala, Yen-Yung Chang, Tom Ren, Jack Nelson, William Baker, R. Partridge, Pat Lukens, Martin E. Huber, Danielle Speller, Ziqing Hong, Gilles Gerbier, C. W. Fink, Michael Kelsey, Tali Figueroa, Robert Agnese, Joshua Winchell, Xuji Zhao, Tsuguo Aramaki, Tarek Saab, and Thomas Binder

Subjects
Energy loss, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Germanium, Applied Physics (physics.app-ph), 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Physics - Applied Physics, Threshold energy, chemistry, Frenkel defect, Cryogenic Dark Matter Search, Energy (signal processing), Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The Super Cryogenic Dark Matter Search experiment (SuperCDMS) at the Soudan Underground Laboratory studied energy loss associated with Frenkel defect formation in germanium crystals at mK temperatures using in situ $^{210}$Pb sources. We examine the spectrum of $^{206}$Pb nuclear recoils near its expected 103 keV endpoint energy and determine an energy loss of $\left(6.08\pm0.18\right)$ %, which we attribute to defect formation. From this result and using TRIM simulations, we extract the first experimentally determined average displacement threshold energy of $\left(19.7^{+0.6}_{-0.5}\right)$ eV for germanium. This has implications for the analysis thresholds of future germanium-based dark matter searches., 4 Figures, Two data files, One data release description file

Published
2018

9. Production Rate Measurement of Tritium and Other Cosmogenic Isotopes in Germanium with CDMSlite

Author

H. R. Harris, B. Loer, B. Serfass, W. A. Page, S. Scorza, E. Azadbakht, David G. Cerdeño, John L. Orrell, D. MacDonell, C. Cartaro, M. A. Bowles, Enectali Figueroa-Feliciano, R. Calkins, R. Ren, N. Mirabolfathi, Yu Kai Chang, A. N. Villano, S. M. Oser, Jodi Cooley, John Wilson, B. von Krosigk, G. Gerbier, Xingbo Zhao, T. Reynolds, Betty A. Young, J. Winchell, S. J. Yellin, Tsuguo Aramaki, H. E. Rogers, M. Ghaith, A. Kubik, S. L. Watkins, P. Cushman, J. D. Morales Mendoza, A. Kennedy, Blas Cabrera, Chitrasen Jena, H. A. Tanaka, P. L. Brink, Bernard Sadoulet, A. Scarff, H. Qiu, A. E. Robinson, R. Partridge, Matt Pyle, E. Lopez Asamar, Noah Kurinsky, B. Cornell, R. Underwood, D. Barker, T. Aralis, Kartik Senapati, D. Jardin, R. Agnese, Danielle Speller, I. J. Arnquist, Ruth Lawrence, Tarek Saab, N. Mast, P. Lukens, L. Hsu, T. Binder, Sunil Golwala, D. Toback, M. H. Kelsey, D. H. Wright, Ziqing Hong, R. Bunker, M. Stein, C. W. Fink, M. J. Wilson, S. Banik, Eric W. Hoppe, A. Reisetter, Martin E. Huber, W. Rau, Matthew Fritts, R. Germond, Vuk Mandic, J. K. Nelson, J. Sander, R. W. Schnee, M. Pepin, X. Zhang, Bedangadas Mohanty, A. Jastram, D. A. Bauer, S. S. Poudel, W. Baker, Fernando Ponce, E. Fascione, Amy Roberts, T. Doughty, J. Street, R. Mahapatra, V. Iyer, and E. H. Miller

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Dark matter, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, Germanium, Radiation, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Nuclear Experiment, Physics, Radionuclide, Isotope, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Semiconductor detector, chemistry, Tritium, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Future direct searches for low-mass dark matter particles with germanium detectors, such as SuperCDMS SNOLAB, are expected to be limited by backgrounds from radioactive isotopes activated by cosmogenic radiation inside the germanium. There are limited experimental data available to constrain production rates and a large spread of theoretical predictions. We examine the calculation of expected production rates, and analyze data from the second run of the CDMS low ionization threshold experiment (CDMSlite) to estimate the rates for several isotopes. We model the measured CDMSlite spectrum and fit for contributions from tritium and other isotopes. Using the knowledge of the detector history, these results are converted to cosmogenic production rates at sea level. The production rates in atoms/(kg$\cdot$day) are 74$\pm$9 for $^3$H, 1.5$\pm$0.7 for $^{55}$Fe, 17$\pm$5 for $^{65}$Zn, and 30$\pm$18 for $^{68}$Ge., 14 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables. v5 contains the extended data release (and documentation) of the CDMSlite Run 2 data as ancillary files

Published
2018

10. First Dark Matter Constraints from a SuperCDMS Single-Charge Sensitive Detector

Author

C. Stanford, A. N. Villano, S. M. Oser, T. Reynolds, John L. Orrell, R. Underwood, D. MacDonell, B. Cornell, H. R. Harris, J. Street, W. A. Page, John Wilson, A. Scarff, C. Cartaro, P. L. Brink, Hiromasa Tanaka, Ruth Lawrence, E. Fascione, M. Pepin, N. Mirabolfathi, M. Ghaith, A. Kubik, D. Jardin, D. A. Bauer, J. D. Morales Mendoza, Sunil Golwala, S. S. Poudel, T. Doughty, W. Baker, Xingbo Zhao, Tarek Saab, N. Mast, S. Scorza, C. W. Fink, J. K. Nelson, R. Mahapatra, Fernando Ponce, R. Germond, R. W. Schnee, X. Zhang, M. H. Kelsey, B. Loer, B. Serfass, J. V. Leyva, M. Stein, D. Barker, Bedangadas Mohanty, J. Sander, T. Aralis, Amy Roberts, R. Agnese, Martin E. Huber, Betty A. Young, David G. Cerdeño, B. von Krosigk, E. H. Miller, P. Cushman, D. H. Wright, A. Phipps, Yu Kai Chang, R. K. Romani, Jodi Cooley, M. A. Bowles, S. Banik, Eric W. Hoppe, A. Kennedy, Matt Pyle, Blas Cabrera, Chitrasen Jena, T. Binder, S. J. Yellin, Tsuguo Aramaki, Matthew Fritts, Kartik Senapati, E. Azadbakht, Noah Kurinsky, Vuk Mandic, Enectali Figueroa-Feliciano, R. Partridge, R. Calkins, E. Lopez Asamar, V. Iyer, S. L. Watkins, J. Winchell, Bernard Sadoulet, A. E. Robinson, Danielle Speller, P. Lukens, P. Di Stefano, Ziqing Hong, M. J. Wilson, H. E. Rogers, H. Qiu, R. Bunker, A. Reisetter, W. Rau, J. So, G. Gerbier, I. J. Arnquist, L. Hsu, and D. Toback

Subjects
Physics, Photon, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Dark matter, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Charge (physics), Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Dark photon, Semiconductor detector, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Excited state, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Absorption (electromagnetic radiation), Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the first limits on inelastic electron-scattering dark matter and dark photon absorption using a prototype SuperCDMS detector having a charge resolution of 0.1 electron-hole pairs (CDMS HVeV, a 0.93 gram CDMS HV device). These electron-recoil limits significantly improve experimental constraints on dark matter particles with masses as low as 1 MeV/$\mathrm{c^2}$. We demonstrate a sensitivity to dark photons competitive with other leading approaches but using substantially less exposure (0.49 gram days). These results demonstrate the scientific potential of phonon-mediated semiconductor detectors that are sensitive to single electronic excitations., 6 pages + title and references, 6 figures, includes erratum submitted to PRL and data release

Published
2018

11. Results from the Super Cryogenic Dark Matter Search Experiment at Soudan

Author

Tarek Saab, N. Mast, A. N. Villano, S. M. Oser, P. L. Brink, C. Cartaro, T. Reynolds, H. R. Harris, D. A. Bauer, W. A. Page, B. Welliver, S. S. Poudel, W. Baker, N. Mirabolfathi, Enectali Figueroa-Feliciano, R. Partridge, A. Kennedy, J. J. Yen, Jodi Cooley, Blas Cabrera, Betty A. Young, B. Cornell, Chitrasen Jena, D. H. Wright, D. Balakishiyeva, A. Phipps, S. Banik, Eric W. Hoppe, J. D. Morales Mendoza, Noah Kurinsky, Xingbo Zhao, A. E. Robinson, Yu Kai Chang, T. Binder, S. Scorza, Matthew Fritts, D. Barker, Bernard Sadoulet, Vuk Mandic, Sunil Golwala, I. J. Arnquist, G. Godfrey, Amy Roberts, P. Di Stefano, Martin E. Huber, M. H. Kelsey, S. J. Yellin, Tsuguo Aramaki, D. Jardin, John Wilson, M. Stein, D. O. Caldwell, L. Hsu, P. Cushman, E. Lopez Asamar, R. Agnese, R. Underwood, D. Toback, J. Hall, Miguel Daal, J. K. Nelson, X. Zhang, M. Peñalver Martinez, Bedangadas Mohanty, Matt Pyle, M. A. Bowles, B. von Krosigk, A. Jastram, Kartik Senapati, J. Sander, Hiromasa Tanaka, John L. Orrell, D. MacDonell, K. Schneck, E. Fascione, M. Pepin, V. Iyer, R. W. Schnee, R. Basu Thakur, K. L. Page, R. Calkins, T. Doughty, H. E. Rogers, H. Qiu, P. Redl, B. Loer, B. Serfass, E. H. Miller, R. Germond, Yi Chen, P. Lukens, Ziqing Hong, M. J. Wilson, Danielle Speller, M. Ghaith, A. Kubik, R. Mahapatra, J. Street, David G. Cerdeño, G. Gerbier, R. Bunker, A. Reisetter, and W. Rau

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Weakly interacting massive particles, 0103 physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, Cryogenic Dark Matter Search, 010306 general physics, 01 natural sciences, Event (particle physics)
Abstract

We report the result of a blinded search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) using the majority of the SuperCDMS Soudan data set. With an exposure of 1690 kg d, a single candidate event is observed, consistent with expected backgrounds. This analysis (combined with previous Ge results) sets an upper limit on the spin-independent WIMP–nucleon cross section of 1.4×10−44 (1.0×10−44) cm2 at 46 GeV/c2. These results set the strongest limits for WIMP–germanium-nucleus interactions for masses >12 GeV/c2.

Published
2018
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12. Susceptibility or resistance to Leishmania infection is dictated by the macrophages evolved under the influence of IL-3 or GM-CSF

Author

B, Saha, A, Saini, R, Germond, P J, Perrin, D M, Harlan, and T A, Davis

Subjects
Mice, Inbred BALB C, Interleukin-6, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Macrophages, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous, T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer, In Vitro Techniques, Adoptive Transfer, Interleukin-12, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Interferon-gamma, Mice, Animals, Female, Immunization, Interleukin-3, Leishmania major
Abstract

Although enhanced monocytopoiesis is a hallmark of leishmaniasis, its significance in determining the course of the disease has not been addressed. While the number of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-secreting cells increases in the draining lymph nodes in a resistant mouse strain (C57BL/6) during disease, in a susceptible strain (BALB/c) the number of interleukin-3 (IL-3)-secreting cells increases. Treatment of BALB/c mice with anti-IL-3 antibody significantly reduces the disease score. Bone marrow macrophages derived under stimulation with IL-3 (IL-3-Mphi) or GM-CSF (GM-Mphi) differ functionally. GM-Mphi are significantly more responsive to IFN-gamma-induced augmentation and more refractory to IL-4-mediated suppression of anti-leishmanial activity than IL-3-Mphi. LPS-induced IL-12 and TNF-alpha secretion by both the susceptible and resistant strain-derived macrophage subsets are down-regulated. Despite down-regulation of IL-12 secretion, GM-Mphi favor expansion of IFN-gamma-secreting cells and IL-3-Mphi favor IL-6-dependent expansion of the IL-4-secreting Th subset. Adoptive transfer of leishmanial antigen-pulsed IL-3-Mphi and GM-Mphi prior to infection either aggravated or reduced the disease score, respectively, in BALB/c mice. Anti-IL-6 treatment reverted the Th subset profile not only in vitro but also in vivo, resulting in a reduced disease score in both infected BALB/c mice and IL-3-Mphi recipients. The disease score in IL-3-Mphi recipients is also reduced significantly after anti-IL-4 treatment.

Published
1999

13. CTLA4 (CD152) modulates the Th subset response and alters the course of experimental Leishmania major infection

Author

B, Saha, S, Chattopadhyay, R, Germond, D M, Harlan, and P J, Perrin

Subjects
Mice, Inbred BALB C, Immunoconjugates, Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous, Th1 Cells, Antigens, Differentiation, Abatacept, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Interferon-gamma, Mice, Th2 Cells, Antigens, CD, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, Animals, CTLA-4 Antigen, Female, Interleukin-4, Leishmania major
Abstract

Since both the nature and the amplitude of an antigen-specific T cell response are dependent on co-stimulatory signals, we have investigated the role of CD28/CD152-mediated T cell co-stimulation in the regulation of experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis. CD28-deficient mice and their wild-type littermates are equally susceptible to Leishmania major infection. Whole anti-CD152 antibody significantly exacerbates the disease while anti-CD152 Fab ameliorates the disease in genetically susceptible BALB/c mice but not in C57BL/6, a resistant strain. The anti-CD152-induced exacerbation of the disease is accompanied by increased IL-4-secreting cell number, diminished parasite-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response and augmented anti-2,4,6-trinitrophenyl (TNP) IgG1 in response to TNP-leishmanial antigen crude soluble antigen (CSA), suggesting an exaggerated Th2 type of response. Anti-CD152 Fab-mediated amelioration of the disease is associated with increased IFN-gamma-secreting cell number, increased parasite-specific DTH response and enhanced IgG2a isotype in response to TNP-CSA suggesting a Th1 type of response. Unlike TNP-CSA, TNP-keyhole limpet hemocyanin does not induce the change in Ig isotype, indicating that the immunomodulatory effect of anti-CD152 is antigen specific. Anti-CD152 antibody-induced early change in Th subsets suggests an important role for CD152 in determining the course of L. major infection, perhaps by alteration of Th subset differentiation.

Published
1998

14. A stress-induced source of phonon bursts and quasiparticle poisoning.

Author

Anthony-Petersen R, Biekert A, Bunker R, Chang CL, Chang YY, Chaplinsky L, Fascione E, Fink CW, Garcia-Sciveres M, Germond R, Guo W, Hertel SA, Hong Z, Kurinsky N, Li X, Lin J, Lisovenko M, Mahapatra R, Mayer A, McKinsey DN, Mehrotra S, Mirabolfathi N, Neblosky B, Page WA, Patel PK, Penning B, Pinckney HD, Platt M, Pyle M, Reed M, Romani RK, Santana Queiroz H, Sadoulet B, Serfass B, Smith R, Sorensen P, Suerfu B, Suzuki A, Underwood R, Velan V, Wang G, Wang Y, Watkins SL, Williams MR, Yefremenko V, and Zhang J

Abstract

The performance of superconducting qubits is degraded by a poorly characterized set of energy sources breaking the Cooper pairs responsible for superconductivity, creating a condition often called "quasiparticle poisoning". Both superconducting qubits and low threshold dark matter calorimeters have observed excess bursts of quasiparticles or phonons that decrease in rate with time. Here, we show that a silicon crystal glued to its holder exhibits a rate of low-energy phonon events that is more than two orders of magnitude larger than in a functionally identical crystal suspended from its holder in a low-stress state. The excess phonon event rate in the glued crystal decreases with time since cooldown, consistent with a source of phonon bursts which contributes to quasiparticle poisoning in quantum circuits and the low-energy events observed in cryogenic calorimeters. We argue that relaxation of thermally induced stress between the glue and crystal is the source of these events., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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15. First Measurement of the Nuclear-Recoil Ionization Yield in Silicon at 100 eV.

Author

Albakry MF, Alkhatib I, Alonso D, Amaral DWP, Aralis T, Aramaki T, Arnquist IJ, Ataee Langroudy I, Azadbakht E, Banik S, Bathurst C, Bhattacharyya R, Brink PL, Bunker R, Cabrera B, Calkins R, Cameron RA, Cartaro C, Cerdeño DG, Chang YY, Chaudhuri M, Chen R, Chott N, Cooley J, Coombes H, Corbett J, Cushman P, Das S, De Brienne F, Rios M, Dharani S, di Vacri ML, Diamond MD, Elwan M, Fascione E, Figueroa-Feliciano E, Fink CW, Fouts K, Fritts M, Gerbier G, Germond R, Ghaith M, Golwala SR, Hall J, Harms SAS, Hassan N, Hines BA, Hong Z, Hoppe EW, Hsu L, Huber ME, Iyer V, Kashyap VKS, Kelsey MH, Kubik A, Kurinsky NA, Lee M, Litke M, Liu J, Liu Y, Loer B, Lopez Asamar E, Lukens P, MacFarlane DB, Mahapatra R, Mast N, Mayer AJ, Meyer Zu Theenhausen H, Michaud É, Michielin E, Mirabolfathi N, Mohanty B, Nebolsky B, Nelson J, Neog H, Novati V, Orrell JL, Osborne MD, Oser SM, Page WA, Pandey L, Pandey S, Partridge R, Pedreros DS, Perna L, Podviianiuk R, Ponce F, Poudel S, Pradeep A, Pyle M, Rau W, Reid E, Ren R, Reynolds T, Tanner E, Roberts A, Robinson AE, Saab T, Sadek D, Sadoulet B, Sahoo SP, Saikia I, Sander J, Sattari A, Schmidt B, Schnee RW, Scorza S, Serfass B, Poudel SS, Sincavage DJ, Sinervo P, Speaks Z, Street J, Sun H, Terry GD, Thasrawala FK, Toback D, Underwood R, Verma S, Villano AN, von Krosigk B, Watkins SL, Wen O, Williams Z, Wilson MJ, Winchell J, Wykoff K, Yellin S, Young BA, Yu TC, Zatschler B, Zatschler S, Zaytsev A, Zeolla A, Zhang E, Zheng L, Zheng Y, Zuniga A, An P, Barbeau PS, Hedges SC, Li L, and Runge J

Abstract

We measured the nuclear-recoil ionization yield in silicon with a cryogenic phonon-sensitive gram-scale detector. Neutrons from a monoenergetic beam scatter off of the silicon nuclei at angles corresponding to energy depositions from 4 keV down to 100 eV, the lowest energy probed so far. The results show no sign of an ionization production threshold above 100 eV. These results call for further investigation of the ionization yield theory and a comprehensive determination of the detector response function at energies below the keV scale.

Published
2023
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16. Constraints on Lightly Ionizing Particles from CDMSlite.

Author

Alkhatib I, Amaral DWP, Aralis T, Aramaki T, Arnquist IJ, Ataee Langroudy I, Azadbakht E, Banik S, Barker D, Bathurst C, Bauer DA, Bezerra LVS, Bhattacharyya R, Bowles MA, Brink PL, Bunker R, Cabrera B, Calkins R, Cameron RA, Cartaro C, Cerdeño DG, Chang YY, Chaudhuri M, Chen R, Chott N, Cooley J, Coombes H, Corbett J, Cushman P, De Brienne F, di Vacri ML, Diamond MD, Fascione E, Figueroa-Feliciano E, Fink CW, Fouts K, Fritts M, Gerbier G, Germond R, Ghaith M, Golwala SR, Harris HR, Hines BA, Hollister MI, Hong Z, Hoppe EW, Hsu L, Huber ME, Iyer V, Jardin D, Jastram A, Kashyap VKS, Kelsey MH, Kubik A, Kurinsky NA, Lawrence RE, Li A, Loer B, Lopez Asamar E, Lukens P, MacFarlane DB, Mahapatra R, Mandic V, Mast N, Mayer AJ, Meyer Zu Theenhausen H, Michaud ÉM, Michielin E, Mirabolfathi N, Mohanty B, Morales Mendoza JD, Nagorny S, Nelson J, Neog H, Novati V, Orrell JL, Oser SM, Page WA, Partridge R, Podviianiuk R, Ponce F, Poudel S, Pradeep A, Pyle M, Rau W, Reid E, Ren R, Reynolds T, Roberts A, Robinson AE, Saab T, Sadoulet B, Sander J, Sattari A, Schnee RW, Scorza S, Serfass B, Sincavage DJ, Stanford C, Street J, Toback D, Underwood R, Verma S, Villano AN, von Krosigk B, Watkins SL, Wilson JS, Wilson MJ, Winchell J, Wright DH, Yellin S, Young BA, Yu TC, Zhang E, Zhang HG, Zhao X, and Zheng L

Abstract

The Cryogenic Dark Matter Search low ionization threshold experiment (CDMSlite) achieved efficient detection of very small recoil energies in its germanium target, resulting in sensitivity to lightly ionizing particles (LIPs) in a previously unexplored region of charge, mass, and velocity parameter space. We report first direct-detection limits calculated using the optimum interval method on the vertical intensity of cosmogenically produced LIPs with an electric charge smaller than e/(3×10^{5}), as well as the strongest limits for charge ≤e/160, with a minimum vertical intensity of 1.36×10^{-7}  cm^{-2} s^{-1} sr^{-1} at charge e/160. These results apply over a wide range of LIP masses (5  MeV/c^{2} to 100  TeV/c^{2}) and cover a wide range of βγ values (0.1-10^{6}), thus excluding nonrelativistic LIPs with βγ as small as 0.1 for the first time.

Published
2021
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17. Light Dark Matter Search with a High-Resolution Athermal Phonon Detector Operated above Ground.

Author

Alkhatib I, Amaral DWP, Aralis T, Aramaki T, Arnquist IJ, Ataee Langroudy I, Azadbakht E, Banik S, Barker D, Bathurst C, Bauer DA, Bezerra LVS, Bhattacharyya R, Binder T, Bowles MA, Brink PL, Bunker R, Cabrera B, Calkins R, Cameron RA, Cartaro C, Cerdeño DG, Chang YY, Chaudhuri M, Chen R, Chott N, Cooley J, Coombes H, Corbett J, Cushman P, De Brienne F, di Vacri ML, Diamond MD, Fascione E, Figueroa-Feliciano E, Fink CW, Fouts K, Fritts M, Gerbier G, Germond R, Ghaith M, Golwala SR, Harris HR, Herbert N, Hines BA, Hollister MI, Hong Z, Hoppe EW, Hsu L, Huber ME, Iyer V, Jardin D, Jastram A, Kashyap VKS, Kelsey MH, Kubik A, Kurinsky NA, Lawrence RE, Li A, Loer B, Lopez Asamar E, Lukens P, MacDonell D, MacFarlane DB, Mahapatra R, Mandic V, Mast N, Mayer AJ, Meyer Zu Theenhausen H, Michaud ÉM, Michielin E, Mirabolfathi N, Mohanty B, Morales Mendoza JD, Nagorny S, Nelson J, Neog H, Novati V, Orrell JL, Oser SM, Page WA, Pakarha P, Partridge R, Podviianiuk R, Ponce F, Poudel S, Pyle M, Rau W, Reid E, Ren R, Reynolds T, Roberts A, Robinson AE, Saab T, Sadoulet B, Sander J, Sattari A, Schnee RW, Scorza S, Serfass B, Sincavage DJ, Stanford C, Street J, Toback D, Underwood R, Verma S, Villano AN, von Krosigk B, Watkins SL, Wills L, Wilson JS, Wilson MJ, Winchell J, Wright DH, Yellin S, Young BA, Yu TC, Zhang E, Zhang HG, Zhao X, Zheng L, Camilleri J, Kolomensky YG, and Zuber S

Abstract

We present limits on spin-independent dark matter-nucleon interactions using a 10.6 g Si athermal phonon detector with a baseline energy resolution of σ_{E}=3.86±0.04(stat)_{-0.00}^{+0.19}(syst)  eV. This exclusion analysis sets the most stringent dark matter-nucleon scattering cross-section limits achieved by a cryogenic detector for dark matter particle masses from 93 to 140  MeV/c^{2}, with a raw exposure of 9.9 g d acquired at an above-ground facility. This work illustrates the scientific potential of detectors with athermal phonon sensors with eV-scale energy resolution for future dark matter searches.

Published
2021
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18. Erratum: First Dark Matter Constraints from a SuperCDMS Single-Charge Sensitive Detector [Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 051301 (2018)].

Author

Agnese R, Aralis T, Aramaki T, Arnquist IJ, Azadbakht E, Baker W, Banik S, Barker D, Bauer DA, Binder T, Bowles MA, Brink PL, Bunker R, Cabrera B, Calkins R, Cartaro C, Cerdeño DG, Chang YY, Cooley J, Cornell B, Cushman P, Di Stefano PCF, Doughty T, Fascione E, Figueroa-Feliciano E, Fink C, Fritts M, Gerbier G, Germond R, Ghaith M, Golwala SR, Harris HR, Hong Z, Hoppe EW, Hsu L, Huber ME, Iyer V, Jardin D, Jena C, Kelsey MH, Kennedy A, Kubik A, Kurinsky NA, Lawrence RE, Leyva JV, Loer B, Lopez Asamar E, Lukens P, MacDonell D, Mahapatra R, Mandic V, Mast N, Miller EH, Mirabolfathi N, Mohanty B, Morales Mendoza JD, Nelson J, Orrell JL, Oser SM, Page WA, Partridge R, Pepin M, Phipps A, Ponce F, Poudel S, Pyle M, Qiu H, Rau W, Reisetter A, Reynolds T, Roberts A, Robinson AE, Rogers HE, Romani RK, Saab T, Sadoulet B, Sander J, Scarff A, Schnee RW, Scorza S, Senapati K, Serfass B, So J, Speller D, Stanford C, Stein M, Street J, Tanaka HA, Toback D, Underwood R, Villano AN, von Krosigk B, Watkins SL, Wilson JS, Wilson MJ, Winchell J, Wright DH, Yellin S, Young BA, Zhang X, and Zhao X

Abstract

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.051301.

Published
2019
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19. First Dark Matter Constraints from a SuperCDMS Single-Charge Sensitive Detector.

Author

Agnese R, Aralis T, Aramaki T, Arnquist IJ, Azadbakht E, Baker W, Banik S, Barker D, Bauer DA, Binder T, Bowles MA, Brink PL, Bunker R, Cabrera B, Calkins R, Cartaro C, Cerdeño DG, Chang YY, Cooley J, Cornell B, Cushman P, Di Stefano PCF, Doughty T, Fascione E, Figueroa-Feliciano E, Fink C, Fritts M, Gerbier G, Germond R, Ghaith M, Golwala SR, Harris HR, Hong Z, Hoppe EW, Hsu L, Huber ME, Iyer V, Jardin D, Jena C, Kelsey MH, Kennedy A, Kubik A, Kurinsky NA, Lawrence RE, Leyva JV, Loer B, Lopez Asamar E, Lukens P, MacDonell D, Mahapatra R, Mandic V, Mast N, Miller EH, Mirabolfathi N, Mohanty B, Morales Mendoza JD, Nelson J, Orrell JL, Oser SM, Page WA, Partridge R, Pepin M, Phipps A, Ponce F, Poudel S, Pyle M, Qiu H, Rau W, Reisetter A, Reynolds T, Roberts A, Robinson AE, Rogers HE, Romani RK, Saab T, Sadoulet B, Sander J, Scarff A, Schnee RW, Scorza S, Senapati K, Serfass B, So J, Speller D, Stanford C, Stein M, Street J, Tanaka HA, Toback D, Underwood R, Villano AN, von Krosigk B, Watkins SL, Wilson JS, Wilson MJ, Winchell J, Wright DH, Yellin S, Young BA, Zhang X, and Zhao X

Abstract

We present the first limits on inelastic electron-scattering dark matter and dark photon absorption using a prototype SuperCDMS detector having a charge resolution of 0.1 electron-hole pairs (CDMS HVeV, a 0.93 g CDMS high-voltage device). These electron-recoil limits significantly improve experimental constraints on dark matter particles with masses as low as 1  MeV/c^{2}. We demonstrate a sensitivity to dark photons competitive with other leading approaches but using substantially less exposure (0.49 g d). These results demonstrate the scientific potential of phonon-mediated semiconductor detectors that are sensitive to single electronic excitations.

Published
2018
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20. Results from the Super Cryogenic Dark Matter Search Experiment at Soudan.

Author

Agnese R, Aramaki T, Arnquist IJ, Baker W, Balakishiyeva D, Banik S, Barker D, Basu Thakur R, Bauer DA, Binder T, Bowles MA, Brink PL, Bunker R, Cabrera B, Caldwell DO, Calkins R, Cartaro C, Cerdeño DG, Chang Y, Chen Y, Cooley J, Cornell B, Cushman P, Daal M, Di Stefano PCF, Doughty T, Fascione E, Figueroa-Feliciano E, Fritts M, Gerbier G, Germond R, Ghaith M, Godfrey GL, Golwala SR, Hall J, Harris HR, Hong Z, Hoppe EW, Hsu L, Huber ME, Iyer V, Jardin D, Jastram A, Jena C, Kelsey MH, Kennedy A, Kubik A, Kurinsky NA, Loer B, Lopez Asamar E, Lukens P, MacDonell D, Mahapatra R, Mandic V, Mast N, Miller EH, Mirabolfathi N, Mohanty B, Morales Mendoza JD, Nelson J, Orrell JL, Oser SM, Page K, Page WA, Partridge R, Penalver Martinez M, Pepin M, Phipps A, Poudel S, Pyle M, Qiu H, Rau W, Redl P, Reisetter A, Reynolds T, Roberts A, Robinson AE, Rogers HE, Saab T, Sadoulet B, Sander J, Schneck K, Schnee RW, Scorza S, Senapati K, Serfass B, Speller D, Stein M, Street J, Tanaka HA, Toback D, Underwood R, Villano AN, von Krosigk B, Welliver B, Wilson JS, Wilson MJ, Wright DH, Yellin S, Yen JJ, Young BA, Zhang X, and Zhao X

Abstract

We report the result of a blinded search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) using the majority of the SuperCDMS Soudan data set. With an exposure of 1690 kg d, a single candidate event is observed, consistent with expected backgrounds. This analysis (combined with previous Ge results) sets an upper limit on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon cross section of 1.4×10^{-44} (1.0×10^{-44})  cm^{2} at 46  GeV/c^{2}. These results set the strongest limits for WIMP-germanium-nucleus interactions for masses >12  GeV/c^{2}.

Published
2018
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21. Susceptibility or resistance to Leishmania infection is dictated by the macrophages evolved under the influence of IL-3 or GM-CSF.

Author

Saha B, Saini A, Germond R, Perrin PJ, Harlan DM, and Davis TA

Subjects
Adoptive Transfer, Animals, Female, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor antagonists & inhibitors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor physiology, Immunization, In Vitro Techniques, Interferon-gamma biosynthesis, Interleukin-12 biosynthesis, Interleukin-3 antagonists & inhibitors, Interleukin-3 physiology, Interleukin-6 biosynthesis, Leishmania major isolation & purification, Leishmania major pathogenicity, Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous etiology, Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous immunology, Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous parasitology, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Inbred C57BL, T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer immunology, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha biosynthesis, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor pharmacology, Interleukin-3 pharmacology, Leishmania major immunology, Macrophages immunology
Abstract

Although enhanced monocytopoiesis is a hallmark of leishmaniasis, its significance in determining the course of the disease has not been addressed. While the number of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-secreting cells increases in the draining lymph nodes in a resistant mouse strain (C57BL/6) during disease, in a susceptible strain (BALB/c) the number of interleukin-3 (IL-3)-secreting cells increases. Treatment of BALB/c mice with anti-IL-3 antibody significantly reduces the disease score. Bone marrow macrophages derived under stimulation with IL-3 (IL-3-Mphi) or GM-CSF (GM-Mphi) differ functionally. GM-Mphi are significantly more responsive to IFN-gamma-induced augmentation and more refractory to IL-4-mediated suppression of anti-leishmanial activity than IL-3-Mphi. LPS-induced IL-12 and TNF-alpha secretion by both the susceptible and resistant strain-derived macrophage subsets are down-regulated. Despite down-regulation of IL-12 secretion, GM-Mphi favor expansion of IFN-gamma-secreting cells and IL-3-Mphi favor IL-6-dependent expansion of the IL-4-secreting Th subset. Adoptive transfer of leishmanial antigen-pulsed IL-3-Mphi and GM-Mphi prior to infection either aggravated or reduced the disease score, respectively, in BALB/c mice. Anti-IL-6 treatment reverted the Th subset profile not only in vitro but also in vivo, resulting in a reduced disease score in both infected BALB/c mice and IL-3-Mphi recipients. The disease score in IL-3-Mphi recipients is also reduced significantly after anti-IL-4 treatment.

Published
1999
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22. CTLA4 (CD152) modulates the Th subset response and alters the course of experimental Leishmania major infection.

Author

Saha B, Chattopadhyay S, Germond R, Harlan DM, and Perrin PJ

Subjects
Abatacept, Animals, Antigens, CD, CTLA-4 Antigen, Female, Interferon-gamma immunology, Interleukin-4 immunology, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Th1 Cells immunology, Th2 Cells immunology, Antigens, Differentiation immunology, Immunoconjugates, Leishmania major, Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous immunology, T-Lymphocyte Subsets immunology
Abstract

Since both the nature and the amplitude of an antigen-specific T cell response are dependent on co-stimulatory signals, we have investigated the role of CD28/CD152-mediated T cell co-stimulation in the regulation of experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis. CD28-deficient mice and their wild-type littermates are equally susceptible to Leishmania major infection. Whole anti-CD152 antibody significantly exacerbates the disease while anti-CD152 Fab ameliorates the disease in genetically susceptible BALB/c mice but not in C57BL/6, a resistant strain. The anti-CD152-induced exacerbation of the disease is accompanied by increased IL-4-secreting cell number, diminished parasite-specific delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response and augmented anti-2,4,6-trinitrophenyl (TNP) IgG1 in response to TNP-leishmanial antigen crude soluble antigen (CSA), suggesting an exaggerated Th2 type of response. Anti-CD152 Fab-mediated amelioration of the disease is associated with increased IFN-gamma-secreting cell number, increased parasite-specific DTH response and enhanced IgG2a isotype in response to TNP-CSA suggesting a Th1 type of response. Unlike TNP-CSA, TNP-keyhole limpet hemocyanin does not induce the change in Ig isotype, indicating that the immunomodulatory effect of anti-CD152 is antigen specific. Anti-CD152 antibody-induced early change in Th subsets suggests an important role for CD152 in determining the course of L. major infection, perhaps by alteration of Th subset differentiation.

Published
1998
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