1. Diversity of circulating rotavirus strains in children hospitalized with diarrhea in India, 2005–2009
- Author
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Jon R. Gentsch, Shobha Chitamabar, Thuppal V. Sowmynarayanan, Indira Agarwal, Preeti Chhabra, Alka Jadhav, Ritu Arora, Sushmita J. Shetty, Anuradha Bose, Prabhakar D. Moses, Sasirekha Ramani, Jyoti Bhatt, Prachi Fadnis, Rishi Desai, Jagdish Deshpande, S. Venkatasubramaniam, Anna Simon, Ng Brajachand Singh, Ann Mathew, Gagandeep Kang, Soumyabrata Roy, Mohan D. Gupte, Rashmi Arora, Meenakshi Mathur, Anupam Mukherjee, Umesh D. Parashar, Triveni Krishnan, Sr. Anita, Vinay Kumar Saxena, and T. N. Naik
- Subjects
Diarrhea ,Rotavirus ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Genotype ,viruses ,India ,Rotavirus Infections ,Rotavirus vaccination ,medicine.disease_cause ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Rotavirus disease ,fluids and secretions ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Humans ,General Veterinary ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,business.industry ,Vaccination ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Infant ,virus diseases ,Vaccine introduction ,Virology ,Gastroenteritis ,Hospitalization ,Infectious Diseases ,Child, Preschool ,Molecular Medicine ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Strain monitoring - Abstract
India accounts for 22% of the 453,000 global rotavirus deaths among children5 years annually. The Indian Rotavirus Strain Surveillance Network provides clinicians and public health partners with valuable rotavirus disease surveillance data. Our analysis offers policy-makers an update on rotavirus disease burden with emphasis on regional shifts in rotavirus strain epidemiology in India.Children5 years requiring hospitalization for acute gastroenteritis were selected from 10 representative hospitals in 7 cities throughout India between November 2005 through June 2009. We used a modified World Health Organization protocol for rotavirus surveillance; stool specimens were collected and tested for rotavirus using enzyme immunoassay and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction.A total of 7285 stool specimens collected were tested for rotavirus, among which 2899 (40%) were positive for rotavirus. Among the 2899 rotavirus detections, a G-type could not be determined for 662 (23%) and more than one G type was detected in 240 (8%). Of 1997 (69%) patients with only one G-type, the common types were G1 (25%), G2 (21%), G9 (13%), and G12 (10%). The proportion of rotavirus infections attributed to G12 infections rose from 8% to 39% in the Northern region and from 8% to 24% in the Western region.This study highlights the large, ongoing burden of rotavirus disease in India, as well as interesting regional shifts in rotavirus strain epidemiology, including an increasing detection of G12 rotavirus strains in some regions. While broad heterotypic protection from rotavirus vaccination is expected based on pre- and post-licensure data from other settings, effectiveness assessments and rotavirus strain monitoring after vaccine introduction will be important.
- Published
- 2013