12 results on '"Sabu, V."'
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2. Experimental investigation on the effects of multiple injections and EGR on
- Author
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Sabu, V R, Justin Jacob, Thomas, and Nagarajan, G
- Abstract
Stringent emissions and fuel economy regulations have necessitated the need to boost the research interest in oxygenated alternate fuels such as
- Published
- 2020
3. Reduced Chemical Kinetic Mechanism for a Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel/n-Pentanol Mixture for Internal Combustion Engine Simulation
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Manojkumar, C. V., primary, Thomas, Justin Jacob, additional, Sabu, V. R., additional, and Nagarajan, G., additional
- Published
- 2018
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4. Towards Agile Public Sector: Analysing the Effects of IM and EM on WP.
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Manoj M. and Sabu, V. G.
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- 2020
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5. Isolation, identification and characterization of apigenin from Justicia gendarussa and its anti-inflammatory activity
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Kumar, K.S., primary, Sabu, V., additional, Sindhu, G., additional, Rauf, A.A., additional, and Helen, A., additional
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- 2018
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6. Towards Agile Public Sector: Analysing the Effects of IM and EM on WP
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Sabu, V. G.
- Abstract
Most of the public managers are of the firm belief that extrinsic monetary rewards predominantly contribute to employee productivity and that the motivational strategies shall be aligned to sustain extrinsic motivation (EM) rather than intrinsic motivation (IM). A substantial body of literature on motivation does not endorse this perspective. A relook of the present motivational strategies in central public sector enterprises (CPSEs) in India and an evaluation of the suitability of these strategies as drivers of agility are quite appropriate at this juncture. The purpose of this article is to examine the effects of IM and EM on work performance (WP) in CPSEs, in the context of workforce agility. This article also analyses the relationship between EM and IM in public sector settings. Data collected from 371 employees of five selected CPSEs were analysed. We found that the effect of IM on WP is stronger than the effect of EM on WP in CPSEs. We also found that EM influences IM positively. The study offers insights to public managers to review the existing motivation strategies and to focus on enhancing the IM for an inevitable agile transformation.
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- 2020
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7. Njavara rice (Oryza sativa Linn.) bran oil exerts anti-inflammatory effects through regulation of Notch-mediated T-cell receptor (TCR) activation in experimentally induced atherosclerosis.
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Lal Preethi Ss, Sabu V, and Helen A
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- Animals, Male, Rats, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, NF-kappa B metabolism, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell genetics, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell metabolism, Receptors, Notch metabolism, Atherosclerosis drug therapy, Oryza
- Abstract
This study elucidated the molecular mechanism of the notch pathway in vascular health and the role of NjRBO as a nutraceutical for the modulation of notch-mediated CD4+ Tcell activation in atherosclerotic rats. In this study, male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 150-200g given standard diet formula were used. After the study duration of 60 days, in order to determine the nutraceutical effects of NjRBO, we sought to study the effects of treatment with NjRBO on notch pathway components in isolated splenic CD4+ T lymphocytes. In the present study, Western blot analysis revealed that upon high-fat diet supplementation resulted in T cell activation evidenced by increased CD28 co-receptor and CD25 marker expressions. In consistent with the above findings, we analyzed the mRNA expression pattern of Notch1, cleaved notch fragment, Notch-11C and Hes1, which showed a consistent up-regulation upon T-cell activation. Immunofluorescence assay also revealed an increase in Notch 1 receptor expression. Up-regulation in the expression of TCR-activated signalosome complexes or CBM complex in the diseased showed an increase indicating that Carma1-Bcl10-Malt1 (CBM) is a crucial event for T- cell receptor-induced NF-κB activation. Additionally, NF-қB translocation was enhanced in causing a concomitant alteration in Th1, Th2 transcription factors, T-bet, GATA-3 and its respective cytokines, IFN-γ and IL-4. Accordingly, we present evidence that Notch-regulated TCR-mediated activation of CD4+T-cell components was altered by NjRBO treatment, thereby revealing a novel role for the same in controlling TCR-mediated activation and inflammatory milieu.
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- 2022
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8. Synergistic effect of Betulinic acid, Apigenin and Skimmianine (BASk) in high cholesterol diet rabbit: Involvement of CD36-TLR2 signaling pathway.
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Sabu V, Krishnan S, Peter J, Aswathy IS, Lal Preethi SS, Simon M, Radhakrishna GP, and Helen A
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- Animals, Aorta drug effects, Aorta pathology, Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase metabolism, Atherosclerosis blood, Biomarkers blood, Cell Survival drug effects, Humans, Inflammation Mediators metabolism, Interleukin-18 genetics, Interleukin-18 metabolism, Interleukin-1beta metabolism, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins metabolism, Lipids blood, Male, Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 metabolism, NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein metabolism, Nitric Oxide Synthase metabolism, Peroxidase metabolism, Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases metabolism, RNA, Messenger genetics, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Rabbits, Superoxide Dismutase metabolism, Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances metabolism, Transcription Factor RelA metabolism, Transforming Growth Factor beta metabolism, Betulinic Acid, Apigenin pharmacology, CD36 Antigens metabolism, Cholesterol, Dietary adverse effects, Diet, High-Fat, Pentacyclic Triterpenes pharmacology, Quinolines pharmacology, Signal Transduction, Toll-Like Receptor 2 metabolism
- Abstract
Background: Progression of chronic inflammatory disease, atherosclerosis is a multifactorial process. Cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) mediated downstream activation of Toll like receptor 2 (TLR2) and NLRP3 (Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3) inflammasome signaling pathway actively participates during chronic inflammation. Nowadays, synergistic combinations of bioactive compounds attained priority in the field of drug discovery and development as therapeutic agents. An investigation regarding the anti-inflammatory potential of a novel drug formulation, BASk which is a combination of three bioactive compounds Betulinic acid (B):Apigenin (A):Skimmianine (Sk) remains the focus area of this research study. We also elucidate the molecular mechanism behind the therapeutic potential of BASk through CD36 mediated activation TLR2-NLRP3 signaling pathway., Methods: OxLDL induced hPBMCs used to screen out a suitable combination of BASk via MTT, COX, LOX, NOS and MPO assays. Hypercholesterolemia is induced in rabbits by supplementing with 1% cholesterol + 0.5% cholic acid and treated with BASk (2:2:1) (5 mg/Kg) and atorvastatin (10 mg/Kg) for 60 days. CD36, TLR2, NLRP3, NFκB, cytokines, endothelial damage were quantified by reverse transcription, real time PCR, ELISA, flow cytometry and histopathology., Results: hPBMCs pretreated with BASk at 2:2:1 ratio significantly decreased the activities of COX, 15-LOX, NOS and MPO on OxLDL induction than quercetin. Down regulation of CD36, TLR2, MyD88, TRAF6 by BASk further buttressed NLRP3 inflammasome activation mediated by the transcription factor NFκB. This is in correlation with the effect of BASk by balancing pro (IL-1β, IL-18) and anti-inflammatory (TGF-β) mediators in the aortic endothelial cells., Conclusion: BASk exerted its anti-inflammatory potential by reducing pro-inflammatory mediators during cholesterol supplementation via down regulating CD36 mediated TLR2 - NLRP3 inflammasome cascade. This deciphers a synergistic combination named BASk (2:2:1) as a novel drug formulation against chronic inflammatory disease, atherosclerosis., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
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9. Scientific validation of anti-arthritic effect of Kashayams - A polyherbal formulation in collagen induced arthritic rats.
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I S A, Krishnan S, Peter J, Sabu V, and Helen A
- Abstract
Background: Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) mediates activation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) resulting in induction of proinflammatory genes such as that encoding tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) which played a significant role in cartilage destruction of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Low risk and better efficacy made herbal drugs more reliable than nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) in RA treatment. Gugguluthiktam Kashayam (GuK), Punarnavadi Kashayam (PuK) and Balaguluchiadi Kashayam (BgK) are ayurvedic polyherbal formulations prescribed in classical ayurvedic texts Sahasrayogam and Ashtangahridayam as medicines for the treatment of RA., Objective: The objective of the present study was to elucidate the molecular mechanism of anti-arthritic effect of these Kashayams on TLR-4 signal transduction pathway in collagen induced arthritic rats., Material and Methods: The wistar rats grouped into group I - Normal, group II- Collagen induced arthritis (CIA), group III- CIA + BgK, group IV- CIA + PuK, group V- CIA + GuK, group VI - CIA + Indomethacin (3 mg/kg b.wt.). Treatment with Kashayam (2 ml/kg b.wt) started after 14 days of primary immunization with type II collagen and continued for a period of 45 days., Results: Arthritis index, C-reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor (RF) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in serum and protein level of TLR-4, myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MYD88), NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 COX-2) and prostaglandin E-2 (PGE-2) in cartilage were significantly elevated in CIA rats. Further, treatment with Kashayams downregulated all these inflammatory mediators hitherto TLR-4-NF-kB signal transduction pathway except IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine which showed a reverse effect., Conclusion: This molecular mechanism of the investigation confirmed the clinical efficacy of Kashayams in preventing the progression of RA and gave an intuition of the scientific validation of Kashayams, an Ayurvedic classical medicine., (Copyright © 2018 Transdisciplinary University, Bangalore and World Ayurveda Foundation. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2021
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10. Dietary amaranths modulate the immune response via balancing Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg response in collagen-induced arthritis.
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Peter J, Sabu V, Aswathy IS, Krishnan S, Lal Preethi SS, Simon M, and Helen A
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- Animals, Arthritis, Experimental chemically induced, Arthritis, Experimental diet therapy, Arthritis, Experimental pathology, Collagen toxicity, Cytokines metabolism, Female, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Amaranthus chemistry, Arthritis, Experimental immunology, Diet methods, Immunity immunology, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory immunology, Th1-Th2 Balance, Th17 Cells immunology
- Abstract
Imbalance between Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg is crucial in RA progression. Various dietary factors can modulate the disease severity by restoring the balance in differentiation of CD4+ T cell subsets. Dietary amaranths hold an important part of diet as vegetables, where commonly consumed species includes Amaranthus cruentus (Ac), Amaranthus viridis (Av), and Amaranthus hybridus (Ah). The present study focuses on to evaluate whether these dietary amaranths can modulate the immune activation in collagen-induced arthritis. For in vivo study, Female Wistar rats were immunized with type II collagen and after immunization period, rats were separately supplemented with cooked Ac, Av, and Ah at 500 mg/100 g bwt concentration mixed with standard rat feed for 60 days. HPTLC fingerprint analysis identified peaks for compounds in these three amaranths. The results showed a protective role of immunomodulation in Th1/Th2 response of the three dietary amaranths, by significantly augmenting lymphocyte activation with increased IL-4 secretion, but decreased IFN-γ by cultured spleen lymphocytes subjected to collagen-induced inflammation. Moreover, Th17/Treg imbalance created by increase in IL-17 and decrease in IL-10 was significantly balanced by the three dietary supplemented groups. Furthermore, Th1/Th2 status reflected from Tbet/GATA3 ratio and Th17/Treg status reflected from RORγt/FOXP3 ratio was significantly decreased in the three dietary amaranth supplemented groups. Thus, dietary amaranths provide an immune-modulating role by keeping the balance between Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg response in collagen-induced inflammation.
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- 2020
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11. A Rare Presentation of Fulminant Viral Myocarditis Associated with H1N1: A Series of Four Cases.
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Thomas TP, Kumar S, Anand A, Kiran R, Sabu V, and Gaffoor A
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The viral infection during influenza includes several complications like primary pneumonitis, ARDS, bacterial pneumonia, otitis media along with severe increase in the ongoing chronic conditions. Fulminant myocarditis as a primary manifestation of H1N1 is rare. We are reporting four cases that developed fulminant viral myocarditis caused by the H1N1 strain of influenza. These four cases were reported between October 2018 and November 2018, during the post-flood time in Kerala., How to Cite This Article: Thomas TP, Kumar S, Anand A, Kiran R, Sabu V, Gaffoor A. A Rare Presentation of Fulminant Viral Myocarditis Associated with H1N1: A Series of Four Cases. IJCCM 2019;23(11): 538-541., Competing Interests: Source of support: Nil Conflict of interest: None, (Copyright © 2019; Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd.)
- Published
- 2019
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12. Ruthenium(ii) arene NSAID complexes: inhibition of cyclooxygenase and antiproliferative activity against cancer cell lines.
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Mandal P, Kundu BK, Vyas K, Sabu V, Helen A, Dhankhar SS, Nagaraja CM, Bhattacherjee D, Bhabak KP, and Mukhopadhyay S
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- Animals, Cattle, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Proliferation drug effects, Cyclooxygenase 1 chemistry, Cyclooxygenase 1 metabolism, Cyclooxygenase 2 chemistry, Cyclooxygenase 2 metabolism, Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors chemical synthesis, Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors chemistry, Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors metabolism, Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors pharmacology, DNA metabolism, Dimethyl Sulfoxide chemistry, Drug Stability, Humans, Lipoxygenase metabolism, Lipoxygenase Inhibitors chemical synthesis, Lipoxygenase Inhibitors chemistry, Lipoxygenase Inhibitors metabolism, Lipoxygenase Inhibitors pharmacology, Molecular Docking Simulation, Organometallic Compounds chemical synthesis, Organometallic Compounds metabolism, Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases chemistry, Protein Conformation, Serum Albumin, Bovine metabolism, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal chemistry, Benzene chemistry, Organometallic Compounds chemistry, Organometallic Compounds pharmacology, Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases metabolism, Ruthenium chemistry
- Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a group of molecules which have been found to be active against cancer cells with chemopreventive properties by targeting cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and COX-2) and lipoxygenase (LOX), commonly upregulated (particularly COX-2) in malignant tumors. Arene ruthenium(ii) complexes with a pseudo-octahedral coordination environment containing different ancillary ligands have shown remarkable activity against primary and metastatic tumors as reported earlier. This work describes the synthesis of four novel ruthenium(ii)-arene complexes viz. [Ru(η
6 -p-cymene)(nap)Cl] 1 [Hnap = naproxen or (S)-2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionic acid], [Ru(η6 -p-cymene)(diclo)Cl] 2 [Hdiclo = diclofenac or 2-[(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino] benzeneacetic acid, [Ru(η6 -p-cymene)(ibu)Cl] 3 [Hibu = ibuprofen or 2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propanoic acid] and [Ru(η6 -p-cymene)(asp)Cl] 4 [Hasp = aspirin or 2-acetoxy benzoic acid] using different NSAIDs as chelating ligands. Complexes 1-3 have shown promising antiproliferative activity against three different cell lines with GI50 (concentration of drug causing 50% inhibition of cell growth) values comparable to adriamycin. At the concentration of 50 μM, complex 3 is more effective in the inhibition of cyclooxygenase and lipooxygenase enzymes, followed by complex 2 and complex 1 in comparison to their respective free NSAID ligands indicating a possible correlation between the inhibition of COX and/or LOX and anticancer properties. Molecular docking studies with COX-2 reveal that complexes 1 and 2 having naproxen and diclofenac ligands exhibit stronger interactions with COX-2 than their respective free NSAIDs and these results are in good agreement with their relative experimentally observed COX inhibition as well as anti-proliferative activities.- Published
- 2018
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