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Psychological Safety is one of the most important conditions for team learning and has also been tied to improved organizational outcomes. The present study is an attempt to explore the influence of school leadership's task and relations-oriented behavior, leadership styles, and the schools' organizational culture on teachers' psychological safety. The study further analyzed the moderating role of team effectiveness on the relationship between leadership behavior and psychological safety. A survey was conducted using questionnaires gathering data from 600 secondary school teachers from 46 private schools, from urban Islamabad, Pakistan. The findings indicated a strong effect of leadership task-oriented and relation-oriented behavior and the teachers' psychological safety with team effectiveness as a significant moderator as well as a predictor of psychological safety. Further analysis showed that a collaborative and cultivating school culture has higher levels of teachers' psychological safety. Therefore, school administration may consciously develop a collaborative and innovation-oriented school culture and disseminate it through Team Leadership style which is oriented towards the teachers as well as the achievement of organizational goals. The theoretical contribution of this research is examining the construct of psychological safety amongst school teachers in relation to antecedents at organization and team level.

There is a lack of evidence regarding the rate of adherence to the World Health Organization (WHO) media guidelines of vernacular newspapers reporting on suicides in Pakistan. Also, the relevance of this report is based on the lack of official data regarding the number of suicides across the country. The aim of this study was to explore the rate of adherence to the WHO guidelines of two popular newspapers in reporting on suicides in Pakistan. We daily analysed the online version of two popular newspapers in Pakistan, the daily Jeejal (in Sindhi) and daily Jang (in Urdu), from 1 August 2021 to 31 July 2022; we performed a content analysis of news reporting on national suicides and evaluated their rate of adherence to the WHO media guidelines. One hundred and seventy-three reports of suicides were identified and analysed; 84% of them reported the names of victims, 70% reported their age, and 46% included information regarding their occupation. Characteristics of suicide methods were reported in 87% of reports, reasons for suicide in 66%, as well as locations in 87%. In general, 84% of newspapers reported incomplete information regarding suicide prevention and help-seeking, so we may conclude they were not fully adherent to the WHO recommendations. This study indicates that national vernacular newspapers may improve their reporting on suicides and should revise their policy in order to be adherent to the WHO guidelines. Also, better and responsible reporting may provide an accurate epidemiological source regarding suicide where official data are missing at the national level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerous studies have been conducted globally to assess the compliance level of newspapers with the World Health Organization's media guidelines for responsible suicide reporting. To identify and review such studies conducted in Muslim-majority countries between 2014 and 2022, we searched PubMed and Google Scholar databases. We identified 12 eligible studies from Pakistan (n  = 4), Bangladesh (n  = 2), Malaysia (n  = 1), Indonesia (n  = 1), Iraq (n  = 1), Iran (n  = 1), Nigeria (n  = 1), and Egypt (n  = 1). These studies indicated an overall lack of adherence to the guidelines. However, the level of nonadherence was particularly high in Pakistan. Effective suicide prevention programs may help in promoting responsible reporting of suicide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess the pain relief after denosumab use in grade III giant cell tumor of bone (GCT-B). Study Design: Retrospective Cohort study. Setting: Department of Orthopedic Surgery Dow University of Health Sciences / Dr Ruth KM Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi. Period: 2018 May to 2020 June. Material & Methods: Total 27 patients were included in the study with diagnosis of grade III GCT-B. Patients with Stage I & II excluded from study. Results: After the first dose of Denosumab, 24 (88.9%) patients reported no pain relief while the other 3 (11.1%) patients had mild pain. A second dose of Denosumab was given to these patients. After the second dose, 3 (11.1%) patients scored mild pain and 24 patients had a score of ≥4 on VAS. The pain severity reduced significantly after administration of 2nd dose of Denosumab (p=0.019). Pain severity was remeasured after the third dose of Denosumab where they had VAS of 0 to 6, with inconsistent use of simple analgesics. The pain severity reduced significantly after administration of 3rd dose of Denosumab (p=0.001). Conclusion: We conclude that denosumab have excellent analgesic effect in grade III giant cell tumor of bone. We recommend the use denosumab in perioperative therapy for grade III GCT-B bone and we found analgesic effect as additional one. It may gain some time for patient specially in developing nations where oncology surgery centers are limited. It also reduces the use of NSAIDS during window period of definitive surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction  Plantar fasciitis (PF) is a chronic degenerative condition causing marked thickening and fibrosis of the plantar fascia, and collagen necrosis, chondroid metaplasia and calcification. There is little convincing evidence in support of various approaches, including homeopathy, for treating PF. This study was undertaken to examine the efficacy of individualized homeopathic medicines (IHMs) compared with placebo in the treatment of PF. Methods  A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted at the outpatient departments of Mahesh Bhattacharyya Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal, India. Patients were randomized to receive either IHMs or identical-looking placebo in the mutual context of conservative non-medicinal management. The Foot Function Index (FFI) questionnaire, as an outcome measure, was administered at baseline, and every month, up to 3 months. Group differences (unpaired t -tests) and effect sizes (Cohen's d) were calculated on an intention-to-treat sample. The sample was analyzed statistically after adjusting for baseline differences. Results  The target sample size was 128; however, only 75 could be enrolled (IHMs: 37; Placebo: 38). Attrition rate was 9.3% (IHMs: 4, Placebo: 3). Differences between groups in total FFI% score favored IHMs against placebo at all the time points, with large effect sizes: month 1 (mean difference, −10.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], −15.7 to −4.2; p  = 0.001; d  = 0.8); month 2 (mean difference, −14.3; 95% CI, −20.4 to −8.2; p <0.001; d  = 1.1); and month 3 (mean difference, −23.3; 95% CI, −30.5 to −16.2; p <0.001; d  = 1.5). Similar significant results were also observed on three FFI sub-scales (pain%, disability%, and activity limitation%). Natrum muriaticum (n  = 14; 18.7%) and Rhus toxicodendron and Ruta graveolens (n  = 11 each; 14.7%) were the most frequently prescribed medicines. No harms, serious adverse events, or intercurrent illnesses were recorded in either of the groups. Conclusion  IHMs acted significantly better than placebo in the treatment of PF; however, the trial being underpowered, the results should be interpreted as preliminary only. Independent replications are warranted. Trial registration  CTRI/2018/10/016014. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the reliability of the instruments by using Partial Least Squares PLS and determined the convergent validity and discriminant validity of the latent variable under study. Specifically, the suggestion for applying PLS-SEM in media and communication studies have followed to prove the potentials of PLS-SEM using 228 datasets. Hence, the current study involves 7–constructs, 51–item which were adopted and adapted from various scholars to measure the complete process of political socialization of youth. The results of the measurement model show that the out of 51 items 42 items are with loadings greater than 0.50. In applying PLS-SEM, the measurement model gives assurance that indicators have a strong relationship with their corresponding latent constructs. Also, items show the convergent and discriminant validity of corresponding constructs. The implication of the measurement model results proved that PLS will assist communication and media studies that are designed as exploratory studied that will lead to theory building. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The energy of a simple connected graph G is equal to the sum of the absolute value of eigenvalues of the graph G where the eigenvalue of a graph G is the eigenvalue of its adjacency matrix AG. Ultimately, scores of various graph energies have been originated. It has been shown in this paper that the different graph energies of the regular splitting graph S′G is a multiple of corresponding energy of a given graph G. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study finds out the effects of using WhatsApp as a teaching method to improve writing, speaking, listening, reading and critical skills of postgraduate students of Karachi, Pakistan. An experimental research approach was employed in which 'within-subject experimental design' was selected. n = 25 female students enrolled in the first semester of master's in mass communication from media studies department of a private university were selected through purposive sampling. Participants were first taught for two hours in the classroom followed by a one-hour face-to-face learning session entitled traditional Chaupal. The same students were taught during the second semester in the classroom for two hours along with an additional hour of learning session was given to them through the WhatsApp group with the name of digital Chaupal. Data was collected through a test to evaluate their writing, reading, listening, speaking and critical skills after both sessions. Findings show that the students performed better after using WhatsApp as a teaching method. Teaching through WhatsApp becomes the best-preferred teaching aid, which can be supplemented by classroom learning for better results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Right to Information (RTI) has become one of the major laws to strengthen the democracy of a country. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the awareness and accessibility of RTI for minorities in Pakistan and India. In this regard, a survey questionnaire was distributed to the total of 50 Pakistani Hindus and 50 Indian Muslims under snowball sampling method. The findings were analyzed with the help of independent-samples t-test on SPSS. Findings indicate Pakistani Hindus have only 12% awareness and right to access information as compare to Indian Muslims. For the future studies, there is a need to develop awareness of Right to Information specially in Pakistan in order to improve accountability and transparency in the structure of government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]