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Girls-teenagers and women with menstrual disturbances were examined cytogenetically and clinically with special respect to the thyroid function. The rate of chromosomal pathology in the studied group was 29.5%. The rate of aberrant cells proved to be elevated in cases of primary and secondary amenorrhea as compared with the control. Chromatid aberrations were typical of the Turner syndrome (8.1% as against 2.1% in controls). In cases of menstrual disturbances the C-segment macrovariants were detected in chromosomes 9 and 16, so as inverted C-segments. The thyroid hyperplasia of the 1st, 2nd stages was detected at the rate of 81.2% among the teenaged girls with menstrual disturbances and TSH-hypophysis-hyperfunction was typical of women with primary or secondary amenorrhea, providing evidence for the secondary origin of thyroid hormonal disturbances.

The problems on genetic mechanisms of regulation of natural killer cells, participation of major histocompatibility complex in these processes are considered. The examples of mutations and hereditary diseases accompanied by disfunction of the natural killer activity are presented. It is supposed that genetic predisposition of natural killer activity depression can promote an increase in the risk of malignant and autoimmune diseases.

A comparative study of homologous (human) and heterologous (porcine and bovine) leukocyte interferon preparations showed them to have antiviral and antiproliferative effects on CaOv tumor cells culture derived from human ovary carcinoma. These effects were lower in heterologous than in homologous interferon preparations.

Antitumor drugs: adenosine cyclophosphane, adenosine thiophosphamide, colchamine thiophosphamide, and tribetamide inhibited RNA biosynthesis in Krebs-II ascitic carcinoma cells and in similar concentrations they were much less inhibiting for protein-synthesizing processes (in cells and cell-free protein-synthesizing system). The drugs could inhibit interferon synthesis, possibly after virus induction, in Krebs-II ascitic carcinoma cells only in concentrations significantly inhibiting the synthesis of cellular macromolecules.

The effect of a number of drugs (vincristine, vinblastine, cytochalasin B, colcemid, colchamine) destroying cytoskeleton structures (microtubules and microfilaments) in combination with homologous interferon was studied in L920 and CaOv cells. The above substances were shown to inhibit the antiviral and enhance (from additivity to synergism) the antiproliferative effect of interferons under study.