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Suppose a large and dense point cloud of an object with complex geometry is available that can be approximated by a smooth univariate function. In general, for such point clouds the “best” approximation using the method of least squares is usually hard or sometimes even impossible to compute. In most cases, however, a “near-best” approximation is just as good as the “best”, but usually much easier and faster to calculate. Therefore, a fast approach for the approximation of point clouds using Chebyshev polynomials is described, which is based on an interpolation in the Chebyshev points of the second kind. This allows to calculate the unknown coefficients of the polynomial by means of the Fast Fourier transform (FFT), which can be extremely efficient, especially for high-order polynomials. Thus, the focus of the presented approach is not on sparse point clouds or point clouds which can be approximated by functions with few parameters, but rather on large dense point clouds for whose approximation perhaps even millions of unknown coefficients have to be determined.

To examine the capability to detect and localise damage using the Measurement- and Model-based Structural Analysis (MeMoS), a small-scale truss bridge (1520 mm × 720 mm × 720 mm) made of aluminium profiles is built as a test specimen for this purpose. The truss frame of the test bridge is made of aluminium profiles with a sophisticated design of the cross-sectional area. In comparison, with solid profiles, only a fraction of the material is needed to produce the profiles, while their bending resistance decreases slightly. The profiles are built into a truss frame by connecting them by means of fastening sets made of steel. The bridge model is mounted on four steel bearings which each of them consist of a cylinder arranged between two plates. Fixed bearings are made by holding onto one end of the bridge. The bridge is subjected by an external load by placing a heavy object beneath it. At the same time, measurements can be conducted below the bridge. Therefore, the bridge specimen is elevated by attaching it on a pedestal with four columns. Damages can be induced by loosening the fastening pieces.

By means of a small-scale truss bridge, the ability of the Measurement- and Model-based Structural Analysis to detect and localise damage was examined in [1]. Although there was no noteworthy difficulty in detecting damage, it turned out that damage localisation responds sensitively to systematic influences, i.e. non-modelled properties of the mechanical model. Therefore, another experiment is being conducted to re-examine the Measurement- and Model-based Structural Analysis. For this purpose, the bending test is carried out as it has been already theoretically respectively numerically discussed in [2]. In this attempt, the systematic influences such as residual stress are kept as low as possible.

The determination of material parameters from displacement field measurement is being examined for linear elastic solid. A frequently used approach to compute material constants can be found in many studies. Even though they presented the approach in many different variations, but in the end they are essentially based on the same algorithm: Parameters are iteratively tuned until the computed results are in accordance with the measurements. The main drawback of this approach is that mainly commercial software is used that hinders us to investigate its inner evaluation process. This leads to the question, how the results from this commercial software can be trusted. On the contrary to these debatable approaches, we present a method that inverts the procedure of finite element method by using the most general model for a least-squares adjustment – the Gauss - Helmert Model.

Zusammenfassung Die ständige Überwachung von Bauwerken gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung. Mit Blick auf die Nachhaltigkeit ist die Verlängerung der Nutzungsdauer bestehender baulicher Konstruktionen von unschätzbarem Wert, sowohl aus finanziellen Gründen als auch unter Denkmalaspekten. Eine neue Methode zur Detektion von Strukturschädigungen basiert auf einer integrierten Auswertung von Messwerten verschiedener Sensoren nach der Methode der kleinsten Quadrate sowie der Interpretation der dabei auftretenden Langrange-Multiplikatoren. Diese Methode der Schädigungsanalyse wird anhand eines numerischen Beispiels aus einem Vier-Punkt-Biegeversuch mit einem Verbundträger näher erläutert.

The use of open GIS standards offers a broad variety of potential, particularly in the field of data exchange, data storage, and interoperability. GML and CityGML are excellent examples for the ontological description of real world objects by means of an open standard whereas SensorML serves to describe measurements, sensors and measuring platforms. The use of such standards offers not only the possibility of using a common standardised language, but also the use of open service standards. The combination of spatial data and sensor standards in services and service-oriented architectures goes far beyond previous existing solutions on the market and provides a novel platform for monitoring structures. That in fact is far more than a simple data storage model. The methods and models presented in this contribution allow a direct integration of sensor data and its provision through an open standard language. In this case, all the intermediate steps at any time through an open service interface are addressed and may be made available and provided to different actors and stakeholders participating in a construction scenario. The great potential and the added value of such an information system is the permanent availability of measurement and object data and an associated integrated analysis of sensor data in combination with a finite element model (FEM). The automatic derivation of a finite element model from the 3D structure model, the visualisation of FEM, the provision of raw (measurement) data and sensor information for each time of measurement transform the platform into a universal tool in the field of structural monitoring. This contribution introduces the individual components, the standards used and the interaction between the components to an overall system.

Idee, Gestaltung und Media verschmelzen heute zu einem Gesamtkonzept, sodass sich die Lucke zwischen den Disziplinen perspektivisch schliest. Die Herausforderung wird es sein, Werbemittel nicht als Einweggut fur Kampagnen zu planen, sondern sich die vorhandenen und standig erweiternden Informationen uber Konsumenten und Werbemittelkontakte zu Nutze zu machen. Als Konsequenz daraus ergeben sich vier Herausforderungen, denen sich die Marketingbranche stellen muss