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This paper is based on my ongoing research that was inspired by Japan's recent catastrophes. Now that the 2011 disasters have added another dimension to Japanese society, it is essential to rethink Japan as an earthquake nation and to pay close attention to the effect of earthquakes on various aspects of Japanese culture and society. I explore modern Japanese culture in terms of its relation to earthquakes and discuss the formation of earthquake nationalism through an examination of the history of earthquakes, myths, and legends, as well as media and literary representations of earthquakes. I also discuss nuclear issues in relation to the Fukushima nuclear meltdown accident. Postwar Japan's nuclear development involves not only its international politics but also center-periphery power dynamics between Tokyo and the local host towns of nuclear power plants in which I see the friction (or literally, the "power" struggle) between Japan's earthquake nationalism and the formation of a nuclear empire. The purpose of this paper is to offer a new aspect of modern Japan's cultural formation and to introduce a new dimension of Japanese cultural studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle, Murakami Haruki persistently depicts modern Japan as a distorted space with a hole inside through symbolic use of a well and doughnuts. The protagonist, who realizes the strangeness of his life, engages in a search for himself by going down to the bottom of the old well in the middle of Tokyo. This novel shares the same theme with Murakami's earlier works that involve the character the Sheep Man. This essay explores a new approach to the complexity of The Wind- Up Bird Chronicle through examination of shared theme, characters, and symbolism found in Murakami's early works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Raphanus sativus (2n = 2x = 18) is a widely cultivated member of the family Brassicaceae, for which genomic resources are available only to a limited extent in comparison to many other members of the family. To promote more genetic and genomic studies and to enhance breeding programmes of R. sativus, we have prepared genetic resources such as complementary DNA libraries, expressed sequences tags (ESTs), simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and a genetic linkage map. A total of 26 606 ESTs have been collected from seedlings, roots, leaves, and flowers, and clustered into 10 381 unigenes. Similarities were observed between the expression patterns of transcripts from R. sativus and those from representative members of the genera Arabidopsis and Brassica, indicating their functional relatedness. The EST sequence data were used to design 3800 SSR markers and consequently 630 polymorphic SSR loci and 213 reported marker loci have been mapped onto nine linkage groups, covering 1129.2 cM with an average distance of 1.3 cM between loci. Comparison of the mapped EST-SSR marker positions in R. sativus with the genome sequence of A. thaliana indicated that the Brassicaceae members have evolved from a common ancestor. It appears that genomic fragments corresponding to those of A. thaliana have been doubled and tripled in R. sativus. The genetic map developed here is expected to provide a standard map for the genetics, genomics, and molecular breeding of R. sativus as well as of related species. The resources are available at http://marker.kazusa.or.jp/Daikon. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Chiaki Takagi examines modern Japan's cultural formation from a new theoretical perspective by applying postcolonial theories to modern Japan. The author's goal is to rethink Japan's modernity, including its long-lasting "sengo" (postwar) period, by examining the works of Murakami Haruki. His works suggest that postwar Japanese society has been informed by a peculiar version of colonization. Takagi calls the application of postcolonial theories to Japanese society the "Japanization" of the postcolonial as well as of the postmodern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is conventionally defined as a disease that does not result from trauma or underlying disease. In recent years, many patients have had some kind of triggering factor, such as sports or a strong cough. Herein, we report a case of mediastinal emphysema with a parapharyngeal tumor at the time of initial examination. Although the patient was referred to our hospital on suspicion of cervical abscess such as descending necrotizing mediastinitis by symptoms, it seemed that the cause was a spontaneous pneumomediastinum associated with a parapharyngeal tumor coincidentally. The pneumomediastinum resolved day by day, and the parapharyngeal tumor was extracted without recurrence, which turned out to be a pleomorphic adenoma. As far as we are concerned, there have been no reports of spontaneous pneumomediastinum associated with a parapharyngeal space tumor., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Koizumi et al.)