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A line x tester analysis using 12 lines and three testers was carried out to study the combining ability and gene action in sesame for seed yield and 14 quantitative traits. Analysis of variance for combining ability revealed significant differences among the mean squares due to lines, testers and lines x testers for all the characters except oil content, which indicated the existence of genetic diversity among the parents and hybrids. General and specific combining ability variances showed the involvement of both type of gene actions in the inheritance of these characters. Among the lines, IC-81564, NIC-75, Borda-1 and among testers, G.Til-10 were good general combiners for seed yield per plant and some of its contributing traits. The cross combination, IC-81564 x G.Til-10 showed significant and positive sca effect for seed yield per plant and involved good x good combining parents. It was followed by AT-238 x G.Til-10, NIC-75 x G.Til-4, TNAU-12 x G.Til-4, Keriya-2 x G.Til-3 and Keriya-2 x G.Til-10 which involved either good x good, good x poor or poor x poor combining parents. These crosses have been identified as best hybrids for improving seed yield per plant and could be evaluated under different environment to confirm their superiority.

A study was conducted in sesame to assess the extent of heterosis for fifteen quantitative traits including seed yield per plant. Twelve lines and three testers were crossed in a line x tester fashion to develop 48 F1 hybrids. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the parents and hybrids for all the characters, indicating the presence of sufficient amount of genetic diversity for all traits studied. Heterosis was worked-out over better parent and standard variety, G.Til-4. The standard heterosis for seed yield per plant ranged from -12.32 to 137.39 %. The crosses NIC-75 x G.Til-10, IC-81564 x G.Til-10, NIC-75 x G.Til-4, AT-238 x G.Til-10 and Borda-1 x G.Til-10 were good heterotic combinations for seed yield per plant, which recorded 137.39, 128.74, 111.34, 100.42 and 90.84 % standard heterosis, respectively. The heterosis for seed yield per plant was associated with the heterosis expressed by its component characters

The present experiment was conducted at Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, WaghaiduringMarch-October, 2021. cellulolytic bacterial isolates CD11, CD17, CD19, CD22 and CD35 were screened to determine the staining efficiency of various stains for cellulase activity on CMC (Carboxy Methyl Cellulose) agar and it was observed that all the isolates conferred clear zone around the colonies through different staining dyes and bacterial isolate CD35 showed the highest cellulolytic index in all the dyes. The cellulolytic index of CD35 was highest with gram's iodine (3.34) next in order of coomassie brilliant blue (2.96), safranin (2.55) and congo red (2.15). Significantly, higher cellulase activity was recorded in CD35 (0.169 U ml-1) at 24 hrs after inoculation It was followed by CD17 (0.124 U ml-1), CD19 (0.101 U ml-1) and CD11 (0.081 U ml-1), while it was lowest in CD22 (0.052 U ml-1). Maximum cellulase activity was recorded at 72 hrs after inoculation by all the selected isolates except CD22 isolate, which was maximum 96 hrs after inoculation. CD35 gave significantly maximum cellulase activity (0.822 U ml-1) at 72 hrs after inoculation. Next in order to cellulase activity was CD17 (0.477 U ml-1) which was at par with CD19 (0.471 U ml-1) followed by CD11 (0.292 U ml-1) while, it was lowest in CD22 (0.199 U ml-1). Cellulolytic bacteria CD35 was identified as Bacillus subtilis by morphological, biochemical and molecular methods and submitted to NCBI GenBank database with accession numbers MW715021. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Characterization and identification of potent LMEs (Lignin Modifying Enzymes) producing fungi from Dang (Gujarat) was conducted at Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Waghai in 2021-22, Fungal isolates LD1, LD4, LD5, LD9, LD15, LD19, LD20 and LD39 were screened for Lignin Modifying Enzymes (LME) on ABTS (2, 2 azinobis (3-ethylbenz-thiazoline)-6 sulphonate), Methyl orange and a-naphthol agar and observed that all the fungal strains showed color zone/clear zone on different indicator plates. However, fungal strain LD19 showed the highest potency index on both ABTS and methyl orange plates. Among the 8 selected fungal isolates, 5 produced all the three enzymes viz. laccase, lignin peroxidase (LiP) and manganese peroxidase (MnP), 2 produced two enzymes while 1 produced only one enzyme. Isolate LD19 had given maximum laccase activity at all the intervals and it was maximum at 6 DAI (206.74 U ml-1) followed by LD20 (144.79 U ml-1), LD4 (118.38 U ml-1) and LD15 (113.68 U ml-1). Maximum LiP activity was recorded in LD19 (1.314 U ml-1) at 8 DAI followed by LD1 (0.903 U ml-1) and it was lowest in LD39 (0.725 U ml-1). Maximum MnP activity was recorded in LD19 (428.65 U ml-1) at 8 DAI followed by LD39 (308.13 U ml-1), LD15 (290.18 U ml-1), LD4 (262.16 U ml-1) and MnP activity was not detected in LD1 and LD5. The highest LMEs were observed in LD19. Potential LMEs producing fungi LD19 wasidentified as Schizophyllum commune, by morphological, microscopic characteristics and molecular methods and submitted to NCBI GenBank database with accession numbers MW720154. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The little millet variety ‘GV-4’ (Ambika) is a pure line selection from the local germplasm collected from the Dang District. A little millet variety ‘GV-4’ was tested as a genotype name ‘WV-126’. ‘WV 126’ was tested under the various state trials found to be superior for grain yield (2933 kg/ha) by 21.20, 13.78, 44.39 and 31.44 per cent over the existing checks i.e. GV-2 (LC), GNV-3 (LC), CO-2 (NC) and OLM-203 (NC), respectively over thirteen trials and seven years (2014-15 to 2020-21) of study. The genotype matures in 120-125 days includes under medium duration variety. The genotype WV-126 has 9-10 branches per panicle and 35.5 cm average panicle length. It has special attributes of synchronized maturity and non-lodging growth habit. WV-126 is rich in calcium (17.1 mg/100g), protein (12.91 g/100g), fat (3.3 %), crude fiber (7.5 %), carbohydrates (70.40 g/100g) and minerals (2.7 g/100g). It is resistant to blast (leaf, neck and panicle) and moderately resistant to grain smut and sheath blight when compared to local check GV-2 and GV-3 and national check CO-2, OLM-203 and JK-8. A little millet variety ‘GV-4’ (Gujarat Vari-4) was released as a new variety for cultivation during kharif under rainfed conditions of Gujarat state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Generation mean study was carried out in two interspecific crosses of diploid cotton i.e., GBhv-302 × PA-812 and GBhv-302 × ARBa-1502 using six parameter model. Simple scaling tests along with joint scaling test were carried out to check the sufficiency of additive-dominance model. The estimates of dominant (h) gene action were higher than the additive (d) gene action in one or more characters studied. Among epistasis, additive × additive (i) type of gene action was found to be significant in cross GBhv-302 × PA-812 for sympodia per plant and ginning outturn and in cross GBhv-302 × ARBa-1502 for sympodia per plant, bolls per plant and seed cotton yield per plant. While dominance × dominance (l) type of gene effect contributed significantly in cross GBhv-302 × PA-812 for sympodia per plant and in cross GBhv-302 × ARBa-1502 for sympodia per plant, average boll weight, bolls per plant, average boll weight and seed cotton yield per plant. Duplicate type of epistasis was observed for sympodia per plant in both the crosses, for bolls per plant and seed cotton yield per plant in cross GBhv-302 × ARBa-1502 and for ginning outturn in cross GBhv-302 × PA-812. While complementary type of gene interaction was detected for bolls per plant and seed cotton yield per plant in cross GBhv-302 × PA-812 and for average boll weight and ginning outturn in cross GBhv-302 × ARBa-1502. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Combining ability analysis was carried out in diallel model using ten genotypes viz., IT 389561, RC 101, Pusa Phalguni,KM 5, GC 1, GC 2, GC 4, GC 5, Pant Lobia 1 and Pant Lobia 2. The estimates of gca effects indicated that the parents, IT 389561 and RC 101 were observed to be the best general combiners for seed yield per plant along with branches per plantand number of pods per plant in both generations. The crosses, GC 2 x GC 5 had recorded significant sca effects in both F1 and F2 generations for seed yield per plant followed by IT 389561 x KM 5, IT 389561 x GC 4 and KM 5 x GC 5. The cross,GC 2 x GC 5 was also found to be best specific combiner for number of pods per cluster, number of pods per plant, numberof seeds per pod and harvest index with high per se performance for seed yield per plant. These crosses were considered very important to get good transgressive segregants and promising progenies for making use of them in future breeding programme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study was conducted in castor (Ricinus communis L.)to assess the extent of heterosis over environments for twelve quantitative traits including seed yield per plant. Four pistillate lines and 13 monoecious lines were crossed in a line x tester fashion to develop 52 F1 hybrids. The pooled analysis of variance over environments showed significant differences among the environments (Sowing dates) for all the characters except number of capsules on primary raceme indicating wide variation in environmental conditions or differential expression of traits under different sowing dates. The mean square due to parents, hybrids and parents vs. hybrids were also found significant for all the characters, indicating the presence of sufficient amount of genetic diversity in the material for the twelve traits studied. Heterosis was worked-out over better parent and standard check, GCH-7. Significant desired heterobeltiosis ranged from -37.14 to 75.95% and standard heterosis ranged from -61.77 to 18.64% for seed yield per plant. However, magnitude of heterosis was found to vary substantially from cross to cross and character to character. The crosses JP-89 x PCS-124, JP-89 x RG-2826, SKP-84 x 48-1, SKP-106 x 48-1 and SKP-106 x PCS-124 were the best heterotic combinations for seed yield per plant, which recorded 75.95, 70.45, 61.11, 60.45 and 58.57 % heterobeltiosis, respectively. The heterosis for seed yield per plant was associated with the heterosis expressed by its component characters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]