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MiRNA(miR) is a non-coding small RNA of 18 to 24 nucleotides in length.By pairing with 3'UTR of its target mRNA molecule, miRNA regulateS the target mRNA molecule in the translation level or directly lead to its degradation. Each miRNA may target several to several hundred mRNAs, of which 30% of the mRNA is regulated by miRNAs. Some studies have shown that miRNA expression disorders play an important role in the development and progression of various tumors and may be the ideal target for tumor therapy. It has been shown that abnormal expression of RNA (miRNA) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of laryngeal cancer. Wang Ping found 47 kinds of miRNA expression abnormalities in laryngeal cancer tissue with microarray chip detection, that of which high expression were 23 kinds and low expression were 24 kinds. MiRNAs that are abnormally expressed in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma are expected to be a new marker for early diagnosis of laryngeal cancer. In this review, we summarized the progress in recent three years on the association of miRNA and the biological behaviors of laryngeal cancer.

Both of the incidences of thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer have increased in recent years, which have attracted extensive attention. Surgical treatment plays an important role on the management of thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Usually patients will have an excellent prognosis after standard surgery, in the meantime, they will suffer from wrongly performed operation, which induces bad outcomes for the patients and their families both physically and psychologically, as well as economic burden. There are many guidelines concerning the suitable treatment for thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer all over the world, and the most famous one is American Thyroid Association (ATA) Management Guidelines for Patients with Thyroid Nodules and DTC in 1996 and the revised version in 2009. Over the past several years, there have been many advances in both the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid nodules and DTC. As a result, the ATA had updated the guidelines in 2015. In this article, we introduced the surgical update in 2015 ATA management guidelines for adult patients with thyroid nodules and DTC compared to the 2009 version, which consists of appropriate operation for thyroid nodules and DTC, operation for pregnant women with DTC, lymph node dissection, completion thyroidectomy, appropriate perioperative approach to voice and parathyroid, and surgery for advanced cancer.