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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy (HDCP) are common complications during pregnancy, and the probability of HDCP is as high as 25%-32% in pregnant women with GDM. GDM and HDCP are interrelated from the aspects of high-risk factors, pathogenesis, and impact on maternal and fetal outcome. The common high-risk factors for GDM and HDCP include dyslipidemia, pregnancy infection, smoking, old age, and psychological abnormality, and their common pathogenesis includes insulin resistance, inflammatory factors, and the release of Afamin. GDM and HDCP are often accompanied by thyroid diseases during pregnancy, which may lead to adverse maternal and fetal outcome, such as premature rupture of membranes, cesarean section, fetal distress, stillbirth, neonatal asphyxia, and neonatal malformation. This article mainly discusses and analyzes the association between GDM and HDCP, in order to improve the awareness of these two diseases among clinicians and their treatment outcomes.

In this paper, taking a 6-cylinder supercharged diesel engine as object, a simulation design of the secondary exhaust cam, which reopens exhaust valve, is conducted for realizing the internal exhaust gas recirculation of diesel engine based on the strategy of exhaust gas resuction. Specifically, a GT-Power simulation model for object engine is built first, and a simulation on the pressure wave in exhaust pipe is performed to determine the timing and duration of exhaust valve reopen, as the boundary conditions of cam design. Then on this base ten cam profiles with different lifts and duration angles are designed, and the rule of the effects of cam design parameters such as timing, duration angle and lift on the power and fuel economy performances and EGR rate of diesel engine is found. Finally the reasonable ranges of timing, lift and duration angle of secondary exhaust cam are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is characterized by low pH, hypoxia, and overexpression of glutathione (GSH). Owing to the complexity of tumor pathogenesis and the heterogeneity of the TME, achieving satisfactory efficacy with a single treatment method is difficult, which significantly impedes tumor treatment. In this study, composite nanoparticles of calcium-copper/alginate-hyaluronic acid (HA) (CaO 2 -CuO 2 @SA/HA NC) with pH and GSH responsiveness were prepared for the first time through a one-step synthesis using HA as a targeting ligand. Nanoparticles loaded with H 2 O 2 can enhance the chemodynamic therapy effects. Simultaneously, Cu 2+ can generate oxygen in the TME and alleviate hypoxia in tumor tissue. Cu 2+ and H 2 O 2 undergo the Fenton reaction to produce cytotoxic hydroxyl radicals and Ca 2+ ions, which enhance the localization and clearance of nanoparticles in tumor cells. Additionally, HA and sodium alginate (SA) were utilized to improve the targeting and biocompatibility of the nanoparticles. Fourier transform infrared, x-ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering, SEM, transmission electron microscope, and other analytical methods were used to investigate their physical and chemical properties. The results indicate that the CaO 2 -CuO 2 @SA/HA NC prepared using a one-step method had a particle size of 220 nm, a narrow particle size distribution, and a uniform morphology. The hydrogen peroxide self-supplied nanodrug delivery system exhibited excellent pH-responsive release performance and glutathione-responsive •OH release ability while also reducing the level of reactive oxide species quenching. In vitro cell experiments, no obvious side effects on normal tissues were observed; however, the inhibition rate of malignant tumors HepG2 and DU145 exceeded 50%. The preparation of CaO 2 -CuO 2 @SA/HA NC nanoparticles, which can achieve both chemokinetic therapy and ion interference therapy, has demonstrated significant potential for clinical applications in cancer therapy., (© 2024 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights, including for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies, are reserved.)