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Background and Aims. Abnormal expression of lncRNAs is relevant to the occurrence and development of gastric cancer (GC), but the significance remains inconclusive. We performed a diagnostic meta-bioinformatics analysis to elucidate the association between lncRNA expression and GC risk. Methods. Published datasets were selected from PubMed, Embase, CNKI, and Web of Science, up to 1st December 2021. The pooled sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated to evaluate the diagnostic value. RNA sequencing data were downloaded for validation. Results. 54 studies with 4671 patients and 4652 matched controls were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled SEN, SPE, PLR, NLR, DOR, and AUC were 0.71, 0.76, 2.9, 0.39, 8, and 0.79, respectively. Subgroup analyses showed that the DOR and AUC of intergenic lncRNAs, circulating lncRNAs, larger sample size (>200), and high-quality ( NOS score ≥ 7 ) groups were superior to antisense lncRNAs, tissue lncRNAs, smaller sample size (≤200), and low-quality ( NOS score < 7 ) groups, respectively. However, only circulating lncRNAs had significantly higher diagnostic utility than that tissue lncRNAs. Nine differentially expressed lncRNAs in the meta-analysis were verified in TCGA-STAD. PVT1 was the most effective single lncRNA, with AUC of 0.949, SEN of 0.808, and SPE of 0.969, while PVT1 and C5orf66-AS1 were the most effective combination, with AUC of 0.972, SEN of 0.941, and SPE of 0.937. Conclusion. Abnormally expressed lncRNAs, especially circulating lncRNAs, might be potential diagnostic biomarkers for GC risk. A novel combined model of lncRNAs might achieve better GC diagnosis performance.

Aim Post-stroke depression (PSD) is one of the most frequent neuropsychiatric disorders associated with stroke characterized by depression. The neuroplasticity hypothesis postulates that loss of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a major role in pathophysiology of PSD, and restoration of it may represent a critical mechanism underlying antidepressant efficacy. Methods In previous studies, we designed a new fusion gene, HA2TAT-BDNF, and cloned it into adenovirus associated virus (AAV) to construct the BDNF-HA2TAT/AAV for the delivery of BDNF to central nervous system (CNS) via nose-brain pathway. In this study, we used it to explore the antidepressant effects on PSD rats through behavioral and various histological methods, and try to find out its specific mechanism. Results Compared with the control group, the PSD+AAV group showed decreased sucrose consumption percentage in the sucrose preference test (SPT) (P 0.05, P >0.05), showing an adequate antidepressant effect. Compared with the control group, the concentrations of BDNF mRNA and protein in the hippocampus (P 0.05, P < 0.05), without notable change in the hippocampus (P < 0.05, P < 0.001) of PSD+BDNF rats. Conclusion These results suggest that BDNF reductions in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus are associated with the development of post-stroke depression, and that increased levels of BDNF in the prefrontal cortex could be used as a therapeutic target to treat PSD. However, the exact mechanism of BDNF action remains unclear in this regard, hindering the wider application of our method. We expect that our research could facilitate the exploration of pathogenesis and the new treatment method of PSD.

Four undescribed flavonoid glucosides (iridins B-C, tectoridin A and ampelopsinin A); one undescribed phenolic glucoside (diplostephioside B); one undescribed phenolic compound (phenanthrenetriol A); and seventeen known compounds were isolated from the rhizomes of Iris domestica. The chemical structures of the undescribed compounds were established by spectroscopic/spectrometric data interpretation using HRESIMS, NMR, and ECD. Tectoridin A, nigricin A and naringenin exhibited anti-inflammatory activities with inhibition rates of 53.71%, 57.68% and 88.71%, respectively, against the NF-κB signaling pathway at a concentration of 10 μM. 4'-O-methylnyasol (10 μM) exhibited 84.91% antiproliferative activity against the K562 human leukemia cell line with an IC

Hafnium(IV) triflate (Hf(OTf)

Inulae Flos was widely distributed throughout Europe, Africa, and Asia, and was commonly used as a folk medicine in clinic for treating various respiratory diseases, including cough, asthma, bronchitis, pulmonary fibrosis, and pneumonia. However, the ingredients responsible for the pharmacology effects of I. Flos and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, the effects of 16 known sesquiterpene lactones and flavonoids from I. Flos on TGF-β1-induced fibroblast activation were assessed by phenotypic high-content screening. Among those sixteen compounds, 1β-hydroxy alantolactone (HAL), the main characteristic sesquiterpene lactone from I. Flos, exhibited remarkable inhibitory activity. The further studies showed that HAL significantly inhibited the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of human fibroblast cell lines HELF and MRC-5 in a concentration-dependent manner. It also reduced intracellular ROS production, suppressed the mRNA expressions of E-cad, TGF-β1, Smad3, Col I, α-SMA and TNF-α, and downregulated protein expressions of α-SMA and F-actin. Furthermore, HAL significantly reduced the levels of HA, LN, PC-III and IV-C in serum, TNF-α and IL-6 in BALF, and TGF-β1, HYP and Col I in lung tissues of bleomycin (BLM)-treated rats. HAL significantly downregulated the expressions of p-JNK, FOXO1, p-p65, α-SMA, p-smad3 and Col I but upregulated p-FOXO1, which could be reversed by JNK agonist anisomycin. These results demonstrated that HAL induced the apoptosis of lung fibroblast cells activated by TGF-β1 and improved BLM-induced lung fibrosis in rats via inhibiting JNK/FOXO1/NF-κB pathway.

Biomimetic total syntheses of baefrutones A-D (1-4), baeckenon B (5), and frutescones A, D-F (6-9), isolated from the leaves of Baeckea frutescens, were achieved in 9, 8, and 5 steps, respectively, in moderate to good yields (72-83%). The synthetic routes feature the Michael addition, oxidative [4 + 2] cycloaddition, and water-promoted Diels-Alder click reactions as the key steps. This study helped gain thorough mechanistic insights into the biosynthetic origins and provided a facile approach for the construction of a library of natural tasmanone-based meroterpenoid analogues. Moreover, compounds 1-9 show potent inhibitory effects against S. paratyphi and/or C. albicans with MIC values of 3.125-25 μg mL-1, and they could be promising lead molecules for the design of new antibiotic agents.

Due to missing values, incomplete dataset is ubiquitous in multimodal scene. Complete data is a prerequisite of the most existing multimodality data fusion methods. For incomplete multimodal high-dimensional data, we propose a feature selection and classification method. Our method mainly focuses on extracting the most relevant features from the high-dimensional features and then improving the classification accuracy. The experimental results show that our method produces considerably better performance on incomplete multimodal data such as ADNI dataset and Office dataset, compared to the case of complete data.

Depression is a disturbing psychiatric disease with unsatisfied therapy. Not all patients are sensitive to anti-depressants currently in use, side-effects are unavoidable during therapy and the cases with effectiveness are always accompanied with delayed onset of clinical efficacy. Delivering brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) to brain seems to be a promising therapy. However, a better approach to delivery is still rudimentary. The purpose of our present work is to look for a rapid-onset and long-lasting therapeutic strategy for major depressive disorder (MDD) by effectively delivering BDNF to brain. BDNF, fused with cell-penetrating peptides (TAT and HA2), was packaged in adenovirus associated virus (AAV) to construct the BDNF-HA2TAT/AAV for intranasally delivering BDNF to central nervous system (CNS) via nose-brain pathway. Intranasal administration of BDNF-HA2TAT/AAV to normal mice displayed anti-depression effect in forced swimming test when the delivery lasted relatively longer. The AAV applied to mice subjected to chronic mild stress (CMS) through intranasal administration for 10 days also alleviated depression-like behaviors. Western-blotting analysis revealed that BDNF-HA2TAT/AAV nasal administration enhanced hippocampal BDNF content. These results indicate intranasal administration of constructed BDNF-HA2TAT/AAV exerts anti-depression effect in CMS mice by increasing hippocampal BDNF, suggesting that this strategy holds a promising therapeutic potential for MDD.

In this paper, the domestic and foreign research progress of numerical simulation on the porous fence is introduced briefly, and a numerical model is established to simulate the flow characteristics behind the butterfly porous fence through the FLUENT software. The comparison results found good agreement between the numerical model and wind tunnel experimental data with an error of 7.8% in the wind reduction ratio, indicating the present numerical model can be used to undertake study on butterfly and non-planar porous fences. The effect of porosity on the flow characteristics behind the butterfly porous fence have been evaluated using the present model to determine an optimum porosity for sheltering effect of an isolated porous fence. As a result, the butterfly porous fences with a range of porosity from 0.27 to 0.32 seem to have a better shelter effect among the studied porosities, and all the wind reduction ratios approach to 60%.

Considering spatial heterogeneity of LAI and nonlinearity of its inversion model, a new spatial scaling method based on Gaussian distribution theory was proposed, aiming to quantitatively analyze scale effects and reveal scaling rules. In this method, higher spatial resolution data, obeying Gaussian distribution when the volume is large enough, were taken as baseline. Statistical parameters and Gaussian distribution forms were integrated into the process of spatial scaling. Barley was selected as experimental object. Firstly, multi-resolution data at 10m, 15m, 20m and 30m were constructed based on 5m resolution data through up-scaling algorithms. Secondly, extracting statistics of these data and constructing scaling data based on Gaussian distribution theory. Finally, quantitatively analyzing scale effects of LAI by introducing sensitive bands ordering and multivariate linear regression. Number of effective bands, R2 of observations and estimations, and MRA could fully confirm the feasibility and validity of this proposed method.

According to the important status and practical values of geographical factors and genetic factors in protein content estimation of winter wheat, a method analyzing the relationship between factors and protein content was proposed in this paper. In the method, genetic, geographical factors were chosen as independent variables, multivariate nonlinear regression model was introduced to estimate protein content. Firstly, construct one-dimensional nonlinear regression model based on each factor. Secondly, analyze and select sensitive factors on basis of the above simulations. Finally, couple the selected sensitive factors into multivariate nonlinear regression model for protein content estimation. Winter wheat was chosen as experimental subject. The results showed that, at province scale and county scale, the proposed method could not only effectively improve simulation efficiency, but also enhance whole estimation accuracy.

The hydrolyzate of banana peels containing abundant fermentable sugars as glucose, xylose, mannose, and arabinose was successfully used as a novel substrate for the efficient production of glutathione by Candida utilis SZU 07-01. Xylose was first selected as the sole carbon source for glutathione production, medium optimization for better cell growth and higher glutathione using response surface methodology consisting of PB design, the steepest ascent experiment and CCD was carried out, and the optimal combination of nutrients was obtained as follows: xylose 20 g/L, (NH4)2SO4 9.59 g/L, KH2PO4 3 g/L, L-methionine 5.72 g/L and MgSO4 0.20 g/L. The maximum dry cell weight and glutathione achieved using the optimized medium were 7.36 g/L and 154.32 mg/L, respectively. Following with the content in this medium, other sugars like glucose, mannose and arabinose were chosen as the sole carbon source and all tested available for glutathione production. Based on these results, the hydrolyzate of banana peels was selected as a novel substrate, and a high DCW of 7.68 g/L and glutathione yield of 111.33 mg/L were obtained with the initial sugar concentration of 20 g/L in the hydrolyzate of banana peels.

Emerging evidence indicates that obesity impairs granulosa cell (GC) function, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Gene expression profiles in GC of non-polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) obese (NPO), PCOS obese (PO), PCOS normal weight (PN) and non-PCOS normal weight (NPN) patients were analysed by microarray analysis. Compared with the NPN group, there were 16, 545 and 416 differently expressed genes in the NPO, PO and PN groups respectively. CD36 was the only intersecting gene, with greater than two fold changes in expression between the NPO versus NPN and PO versus NPN comparisons, and was not present in the PN versus NPN comparison. In addition, levels of CD36 protein were higher in GC from obese than normal weight patients. Furthermore, CD36 overexpression in a GC line inhibited cell proliferation, as determined by the cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) test, promoted cell apoptosis, as determined by flow cytometry, and inhibited the secretion of oestradiol by depositing triglyceride in cells and increasing cellular lipid peroxide levels. These adverse effects were reduced by sulfo-N-succinimidyloleate, a specific inhibitor of CD36. Together, the findings of this study suggest that obesity with and without PCOS should be regarded as separate entities, and that CD36 overexpression in GC of obese patients is one of the mechanisms by which obesity impairs GC function.

Candida utilis often encounters an acid stress environment when hexose and pentose are metabolized to produce acidic bio-based materials. In order to reveal the physiological role of glutathione (GSH) in the response of cells of this industrial yeast to acid stress, an efficient GSH-producing strain of C. utilis CCTCC M 209298 and its mutants deficient in GSH biosynthesis, C. utilis Δgsh1 and Δgsh2, were used in this study. A long-term mild acid challenge (pH 3.5 for 6 h) and a short-term severe acid challenge (pH 1.5 for 2 h) were conducted at 18 h during batch culture of the yeast to generate acid stress conditions. Differences in the physiological performances among the three strains under acid stress were analyzed in terms of GSH biosynthesis and distribution; intracellular pH; activities of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase; intracellular ATP level; and ATP/ADP ratio. The intracellular GSH content of the yeast was found to be correlated with changes in physiological data, and a higher intracellular GSH content led to greater relief of cells to the acid stress, suggesting that GSH may be involved in protecting C. utilis against acid stress. Results presented in this manuscript not only increase our understanding of the impact of GSH on the physiology of C. utilis but also help us to comprehend the mechanism underlying the response to acid stress of eukaryotic microorganisms.

BACKGROUND We investigated a relatively new organ preservation (Celsior) solution regarding its effect on the endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF)-mediated function with comparison to St. Thomas Hospital (ST) solution. METHODS The EDHF-mediated relaxation was induced by bradykinin (BK, -10 to -6.5 logM) in the presence of inhibitors of nitric oxide and prostacyclin in porcine small resistance coronary arteries, before and after incubation in ST (Group Ia, n=11), Celsior (Group Ib, n=13), or Krebs (Group Ic, control, n=12) at 4 degrees C for 4 hr. The EDHF-mediated hyperpolarization of the membrane potential of smooth muscle cells was measured by microelectrode with simultaneous relaxation after cold storage in ST (IIa, n=7), Celsior (IIb, n=6), or Krebs (IIc, control, n=6), or followed by washout with Krebs (ST: IIIa, n=6, Celsior: IIIb, n=6). RESULTS The EDHF-mediated relaxation was significantly decreased in Group Ia (56.4+/-7.2% vs. 71.2+/-5.3%, P

In order to detect the freeze injury stress level of winter wheat growing in natural environment fast and accurately, the present paper takes winter wheat as experimental object. First winter wheat canopy hyperspectral data were treated with resampling smooth Second hyperspectral data were analyzed based on principal components analysis (PCA), a freeze injury inversion model was established, stems survival rate was dependent, and principal components of spectral data were chosen as independent variables. Third, the precision of the model was testified. The result showed that the freeze injury inversion model based on 6 principal components can estimate the winter wheat freeze injury accurately with the coefficient of determination (R2) of 0. 697 5, root mean square error (RMSE) of 0. 184 2, and the accuracy of 0. 697 5. And the model was verified. It can be concluded that the PCA technology has been shown to be very promising in detecting winter wheat freeze injury effectively, and provide important reference for detecting other stress on crop.

DT104 emerged as a new branch of Salmonella typhimurium with resistance to multiple antimicrobials. To reveal some general genomic features of DT104 for clues of evolutionary events possibly associated with the emergence of this relatively new type of this pathogen, we mapped 11 independent DT104 strains and compared them with non-DT104 S. typhimurium strains. We found that all 11 DT104 strains contained three insertions absent in non-DT104 strains, i.e., the previously reported ST104, ST104B and ST64B. However, SGI-1, a genomic island known to be responsible for DT104 multidrug resistance, was not present in all DT104 strains examined in this study: one DT104 strain did not contain SGI-1 but carried a 144 kb plasmid, suggesting possible evolutionary relationships between the two DNA elements in the development of antimicrobial resistance.

The complete organic molecule in the title dihydrate, C(20)H(22)N(4)O(4), is generated by crystallographic twofold symmetry, with two C atoms lying on the rotation axis. The symmetry unique pyridine ring forms a dihedral angle of 83.16 (8)° with the central benzene ring. In the crystal, inter-molecular N-H⋯O, O-H⋯N and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds connect the components into a two-dimensional network lying parallel to (101).

Different interacting signaling modules involving Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent myosin light chain kinase, Ca(2+)-independent regulatory light chain phosphorylation, myosin phosphatase inhibition, and actin filament-based proteins are proposed as specific cellular mechanisms involved in the regulation of smooth muscle contraction. However, the relative importance of specific modules is not well defined. By using tamoxifen-activated and smooth muscle-specific knock-out of myosin light chain kinase in mice, we analyzed its role in tonic airway smooth muscle contraction. Knock-out of the kinase in both tracheal and bronchial smooth muscle significantly reduced contraction and myosin phosphorylation responses to K(+)-depolarization and acetylcholine. Kinase-deficient mice lacked bronchial constrictions in normal and asthmatic airways, whereas the asthmatic inflammation response was not affected. These results indicate that myosin light chain kinase acts as a central participant in the contractile signaling module of tonic smooth muscle. Importantly, contractile airway smooth muscles are necessary for physiological and asthmatic airway resistance.

The cardiac venous system possesses up to 30% of total coronary vascular resistance and the effect of hypoxia-reoxygenation (H-R) and St Thomas (ST) cardioplegic solution on the vein is unknown. We investigated the effects of H-R, with or without ST, on endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF)-mediated relaxation in porcine cardiac microveins under clinically relevant temperatures.The microveins (diameter 200 to 450 microM) mounted in a myograph were subjected to hypoxia (Po25 mm Hg) for 30 minutes in Krebs solution (n = 8) or for 60 minutes in Krebs (n = 8) or in ST at 37 degrees C (n = 8) or 4 degrees C (n = 8), followed by 30-minute reoxygenation. The microvein was precontracted with thromboxane A2 mimetic U46619 (-7 log M) and the EDHF-mediated relaxation was induced by bradykinin (-10 to -6 log M) in the presence of indomethacin, NG-nitro-L-arginine, and oxyhemoglobin before and after H-R.The maximal EDHF-mediated relaxation was significantly reduced after 30-minute hypoxia (38.7 +/- 2.0% vs 61.1 +/- 2.3%, n = 8, p0.001) or 60-minute hypoxia in either Krebs or ST at 37 degrees C (Krebs: 27.8 +/- 1.2% vs 56.6 +/- 2.5%, n = 8, p0.001; ST: 23.8 +/- 4.1% vs 57.1 +/- 1.5%, n = 8, p0.001). The relaxation was significantly less after prolonged H-R in Krebs (p0.001). Incubation in Krebs or ST at 4 degrees C also reduced the EDHF-mediated relaxation (Krebs: 25.3 +/- 3.3%, n = 8, p0.001; ST: 29.1 +/- 4.4%, n = 8, p0.001) and there were no significant differences between Krebs and ST regarding the relaxation at either 37 degrees C or 4 degrees C (p0.05).We conclude that (1) H-R impairs EDHF-mediated relaxation in the coronary microveins with more severe injury during prolonged H-R and (2) ST does not provide protection to the EDHF-mediated relaxation impaired by H-R at either 37 degrees C or 4 degrees C.

We investigated effects of hypoxia-reoxygenation (H-R) with and without St. Thomas solution under clinically relevant temperatures and effects of nicorandil on endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF)-mediated relaxation in porcine coronary microarteries.In a myograph, rings of porcine microarteries (diameter 200 to 450 microm) were subjected to hypoxia (PO25 mm Hg) for 30 minutes in Krebs at 37 degrees C, or for 60 minutes in Krebs and St. Thomas solution with or without nicorandil (0.1 microM) at 37 degrees C or 4 degrees C, followed by 30-minute reoxygenation. The EDHF-mediated relaxation by bradykinin (-10 to approximately -6 logM) with inhibitors of nitric oxide and prostacyclin was studied.The maximal EDHF-mediated relaxation was reduced after hypoxia for 30 minutes (59.9%% +/- 1.6% versus 81.2%% +/- 3.5%, p0.05) or 60 minutes (44.4% +/- 6.0% versus 82.7% +/- 7.4%, p0.001) in Krebs or St. Thomas (28.9% +/- 1.8% versus 78.1% +/- 3.0%, p0.001) at 37 degrees C and at 4 degrees C (Krebs: 49.3% +/- 3.0%, p0.001; ST: 43.1% +/- 2.6%, p0.001) and it was less in St. Thomas solution at 37 degrees C than at 4 degrees C (p0.001). The reduced relaxation was recovered by nicorandil (Krebs at 37 degrees C: 81.7% +/- 3.4%, p0.001; St. Thomas at 37 degrees C: 71.0% +/- 7.9%, p0.001; St. Thomas at 4 degrees C: 85.3% +/- 3.3%, p0.001).We conclude that (1) H-R impairs EDHF-mediated relaxation in the coronary microarteries with more injury during prolonged H-R, and this can be partially eliminated by St. Thomas at 4 degrees C but not at 37 degrees C; and (2) as an additive, nicorandil may fully restore EDHF-mediated endothelial function after prolonged H-R.

The complete organic molecule in the title dihydrate, C20H22N4O4, is generated by crystallographic twofold symmetry, with two C atoms lying on the rotation axis. The symmetry unique pyridine ring forms a dihedral angle of 83.16 (8)° with the central benzene ring. In the crystal, intermolecular N—H...O, O—H...N and O—H...O hydrogen bonds connect the components into a two-dimensional network lying parallel to (101).