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BackgroundInteractive digital technology use is integral to adolescents’ lives and has been associated with both health benefits and risks. Previous studies have largely focused on measuring the quantity of technology use or understanding the use of specific platforms. To better understand adolescents’ interactive digital technology use, we need new approaches that consider technology interactions and their importance. ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop an assessment tool to evaluate adolescents’ digital technology interactions and their perceived importance. MethodsWe used a validated scale development approach comprising 2 initial steps to create an item pool: item pool development and item pool refinement. These steps relied upon empirical literature review and an expert convening. We then evaluated the item pool using a Web-based survey. Data were collected via Qualtrics panel recruitment from a national sample of 12- to 18-year-olds. Participant data were randomly split into a development subsample for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and a test subsample for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). We assessed Cronbach alpha as well as model fit characteristics including root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) and comparative fit index (CFI). ResultsOur initial item pool had 71 items and the refined item pool contained 40. A total of 761 adolescents assessed the item pool via Web-based survey. Participants had a mean age of 14.8 (SD 1.7) years and were 52.8% (402/761) female and 77.5% (590/761) white. The EFA analysis included 500 participants and an 18-item draft scale was created. The CFA included 261 participants to test the draft scale. Adequate model fit for the scale was indicated by an RMSEA of 0.063 and a CFI of 0.95. The final scale included 18 items in a 3-factor model, with Cronbach alpha for the 3 factors of .87 (factor 1), .90 (factor 2) and .82 (factor 3). The 3 factors were named (1) technology to bridge online and offline experiences, (2) technology to go outside one’s identity or offline environment, and (3) technology for social connection. ConclusionsThe resulting Adolescents’ Digital Technology Interactions and Importance (ADTI) scale is a promising and psychometrically validated tool for identifying the importance of distinct technology interactions. The scale is informed by relevant theory and expert input. The 3 subscales have utility for future studies to understand whether certain subscale score ranges are associated with health or well-being outcomes.

This research aimed to establish an analytical method for the quantification of 10-deacetylbaccatin Ⅲ (10-DAB Ⅲ) and Taxol in Taxus yunnanensis. The method of matrix solid phase dispersion coupled with high performance liquid chromatography (MSPD-HPLC) was used for the respective quantification of 10-DAB Ⅲ and Taxol of T. yunnanensis. The influences of various parameters were investigated, including 12 types of solid-phase dispersants (silica gel, florisil, acid alumina, neutral alumina, alkaline alumina, C18, C18-ME, C18-G1, C18-HC, Diol, Xamide, Xion), the mass of the dispersants, and the type, concentration, and volume of the eluent on the analysis of the two components. After optimization of these conditions, the methodology was validated. Additionally, a comparative analysis was conducted with the conventional ultrasonic extraction and hot reflux extraction pretreatment methods to ascertain their effectiveness of our novel method. The results were as follows: (1) Among the 12 solid-phase dispersants examined, alkaline alumina yielded a superior extraction detection rate for 10-DAB Ⅲ and Taxol when used in a 3∶1 ratio with the sample mass and 6 mL of methanol as the eluent. (2) The developed 10-DAB Ⅲ and Taxol analysis method in T. yunnanensis demonstrated that excellent linearity (r≥0.999 9) with limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for 10-DAB Ⅲ and Taxol ranging from 0.023 9 to 0.030 1 μg·mL-1 and from 0.142 to 0.178 μg·mL-1, respectively. The average recoveries of the target analytes varied between 93.6% and 109.0%. (3) A comparative analysis revealed that negligible differences in extraction detection of the two taxanes between the three methods. However, the MSPD method stood out due to its lower solvent consumption, simple operation, short analysis time and high purification efficiency, making it more suitable for the rapid analysis of T. yunnanensis raw materials. Therefore, this study presents a rapid and efficient analytical method for the extraction and analysis of 10-DAB Ⅲ and Taxol in T. yunnanensis, using alkaline alumina as a dispersant, providing a significant contribution to the quantitative analysis of taxanes in this species.

Objective To assess the role of the ferroptosis-associated gene GLS2 in the prognosis of pan-cancer and immunity using bioinformatics methods. Methods GLS2 expression levels in pan-cancer were profiled using publicly available databases: The Cancer Genome Atlas, GTEx, Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia and the International Cancer Genome Consortium. The aim was to explore the role of GLS2 gene expression, gene variation survival analysis, immune infiltration, immune checkpoint related genes, TMB, and MSI in different tumors. Results Difference in GLS2 expression levels between cancer and paraneoplastic tissues was statistically significant in most cancer types, and the expression level was correlated with survival in these cancer types. A positive correlation was found between GLS2 expression and immune cell infiltration in multiple cancer types, and GLS2 expression level was positively correlated with TMB, MSI, and methylation, and its expression is an indicator for potential therapeutic response. Conclusion Pan-cancer analysis shows that the ferroptosis-related gene GLS2 can be used as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of clear cell carcinoma of kidney, adrenocortical carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and pancreatic cancer.

Ferroptosis is a novel regulatory cell death characterized by iron dependence and mainly caused by the accumulation of lipid peroxides and reactive oxygen species in the cell. This process plays an important role in the development of many malignancies, and has been extensively studied in lung cancer, especially in antitumor therapy. In recent years, the role of ferroptosis in tumor immunotherapy has been gradually explored. Studies showed that targeting ferroptosis can improve the therapeutic efficacy of antitumor immunotherapy. In addition, immunotherapy and ferroptosis can work synergistically to enhance the effectiveness of antitumor therapy, suggesting a potential relationship between ferroptosis and immunotherapy and the possible reversal of immune drug resistance. This study aims to elucidate the characteristics of ferroptosis, and the role and potential clinical applications of ferroptosis in the antitumor immunotherapy of advanced non-small cell lung cancer. We also explore the role of some nanomaterials that target the onset of tumor ferroptosis in facilitating immunotherapy.

To solve the problem of icing on steel surface, BiOBr was synthesized by hydrothermal method using bismuth nitrate and potassium bromide as raw materials, and the BiOBr modified by silane coupling agent was coated on the surface of stearic acid modified iron sheet using the dip-coating method. The BiOBr and coating were characterized by XRD, FTIR and SEM, and the anti-icing and de-icing properties of the coating were studied. The experimental results demonstrate that the contact angle of water droplets on the coating surface is 154.23°, thus delaying the freezing time of water droplets on the surface of the iron sheet from 10 s to 60 s. Under the irradiation of ultraviolet light, the surface temperature of superhydrophobic iron sheet rises from 27.41 ℃ to 57.87 ℃. The photothermal conversion effect provided by BiOBr in the coating makes the ice on its surface melt rapidly. At the same time, the coating has good self-cleaning performance.