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The phenomenological theory of the electrodynamics of stationary material media was formulated by Maxwell. To allow a unique determination of the field vectors Maxwell's equations have to be supplemented by constitutive relations which describe the behaviors of the media under the influence of the field. The purpose of the present paper is to extend Minkowski's theory of a moving isotropic medium to include a gyro-electric magnetic medium. The properties of a transformation matrix are discussed first. Three sets of constitutive relations depending on the choice of independent field vectors for a moving gyro-electric magnetic medium are then derived explicitly. Maxwell's equations, together with the constitutive relations, thus form a complete theory of the electrodynamics of a moving gyro-electric -magnetic medium. With the properties of the transformation matrix stated in the paper, the results can be easily extended to an arbitrarily anisotropic medium. Some of the special cases previously treated by other authors are also considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to explore the relationship between the interpretations given for the stochastic analysis of the asymmetrical game and paper-and-pencil personality tests. The experiment is a simple three-group design which varies the degree of cooperativeness of a "dummy." Thirty subjects for the study (Ss), 20 males, and 10 females from the introductory psychology classes at the University of Miami were randomly assigned to three conditions of the experiment. The most significant finding of the study was the lack of relationship between the cooperative strategy choices of Ss when weak and their strategy selections while powerful. Apparently, the roles have sufficiently different meaning to individuals that they call for different behaviors. It is clear that Ss did not act consistently in the two roles and that the cooperative behavior of persons in each role must he analyzed separately. A two-trial stochastic analysis of the behavior allows a more finely grained interpretation which intuitively can he related to personality dispositions. It was found that Ss who were accommodating in the weak role were also trustworthy in the powerful role.

An experiment was conducted to test the interpretation of PDG results according to individual reinforcement theory. Seventy undergraduate psychology students were randomly assigned to one of seven conditions: Group 1 Ss' strategy choices were "reinforced" 100 per cent of the time by a "dummy" for C-choices and zero per cent for D-choices. The other groups had varied schedules: Group 2, 75 per cent for Cs and zero per cent for Ds; Group 3, 100 per cent for Cs and 25 per cent for Ds; Group 4, 75 per cent for both Cs and Ds; Group 5 received 50 per cent for Cs, zero per cent for Ds; Group 6, 100 per cent for Cs and 50 per cent for Ds; and Group 7 5s were rewarded 50 per cent for Cs and 50 per cent for Ds. The data for cooperative strategy selections over 100 iterations of the PDG generally supported a partial reinforcement interpretation. However, the fact that no differences existed between conditions on trials to extinction was interpreted as indicating that recourse to inferences about the Other's intentions may be necessary to handle PDG data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sixty-two Ss were run in three conditions in the PDG: both Ss in a dyad predicted the Other's strategy choices (P × P), one S in a dyad predicted but not the other (P × C), neither S in a dyad predicted (C × C). No differences were found between predictor Ss and nonpredictor Ss on the stochastic variables but P X P dyads were more trustworthy than were either P × C or C × C dyads, though the latter two did not differ from one another. A pattern of correlations relating intentions to optimism and the stochastic variables generally supported the interpretation that a conflict spiral occurred within P × P dyads and that Rapoport's general interpretations of the stochastic variable are valid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sixty-two Ss were run in three conditions in the PDG: both Ss in a dyad predicted the Other's strategy choices (P × P), one S in a dyad predicted but not the Other (P × C), neither S in a dyad predicted (C × C). None of the conditions produced differences either in the dyadic analyses or in the individual analyses. However, when only those Ss who predicted better than chance were chosen (realists), they were found to cooperate less than either the nonrealists or the nonpredictors. Since the realists predicted fewer cooperations and since their partners in the dyads cooperated no less than the corresponding Ss in the nonrealist dyads, it was concluded that realism is a cognitive property of the S rather than a situational factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theory of erenkov radiation from magnetoplasma has been modified to account for the effect of electron collision frequency. The results are compared with the erenkov theory for collisionless magnetoplasma The erenkov radiation in the magnetosphere is unaffected by electron collisions. In the ionosphere the radiated power is found to change by several times as compared to radiation by collisionless magnetoplasma.
The interaction of electrons moving through magnetoplasma is known to radiate electromagnetic waves by various processes. The erenkov process generates very low frequency (VLF) electromagnetic waves. The rigorous formulation for frequency spectra of radiated average power by the erenkov process was first given by Sitenko and Kolomenskii (1956). Following Sitenko and Kolomenskii's approach Mansfield (1964) generalized the formulation for erenkov radiation from charged particles spiraling around static magnetic field. Mansfield has studied the nature of VLF radiations from magnetoplasma and has compared the results of his formulation with the alternative approach developed by Eidman (1958 a, b) and substantially corrected by Liemohn (1965). We have also shown (Singh and Singh 1969, 1970) that the erenkov process is capable of producing VLF waves in the magnetosphere. In the present paper we have modified Mansfield's formulation to account for the interparticle collisions. The radiated erenkov power is found to decrease with increasing collision frequency. We have seen that the radiated power in the magnetosphere is unaffected, due to electron collisions. However, in the ionosphere the erenkov radiated power is reduced significantly, due to the presence of collisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on a Markov renewal model of migration processes. Features of the model; Extension of the model for the inclusion of open system mobility processes; Use of Markov chains in the model.

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